Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2005-10-21"

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Caracterização e zoneamento ambiental da reserva particular do patrimônio natural Parque Ecológico João Medeiros (Fazenda Verde, Rondonópolis, MT)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-21)
Nardes, Antonia Marilia Medeiros
;
Santos, José Eduardo dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8533387365058570
This study was undertaken at the Lapa microbasin (Itirapina/ Ipeúna), located in the central Cuestas region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, with the objective to characterize ichthyofauna composition and longitudinal distribution within the basin and to examine the diversity, richness and equability for each of the 12 sample stations. Sampling took place at the Lapa and Cantagalo streamlets and the Passa Cinco River. The characterization of the area was realized with seasonal data of the limnological and morpho-hydrologic variables, in addition of observation of localized, substratum and vegetation conditions. The relationship between the abiotic factors and the ichthyofauna was also verified. The research was realized in two sampling stages: during the first there were four seasonal samplings from April of 2002 to February of 2003; during the second, there were monthly samplings from July of 2003 to June of 2004, but only for the Corumbataia cuestae, a endemic species in this region, selected for the study of reproductive biology. The research on ichthyofauna revealed the presence of 52 species from 5 orders, 15 families and 34 genera. In term of number of species, abundance and biomass, the orders Characiformes and Silurifromes were most representative. Most of the species collected had a constant occurrence (72%); 18% were accidentals and 10% accessories. The succession of species occurs by addition, from the head to the mouth of the river. Discriminate multivariate analysis revealed that some abiotic characteristics of the streams such as depth, velocity, breadth and altitude are more important for the discrimination of the sampling stations, occurring a gradient from the superior portion (Cuesta) to the inferior (Peripheric Depression). This same gradient was evident on the Correspondence multivariate analysis of specie abundance at each sampling station during the dry and rainy seasons showing the degree of association between the species in the microbasin. The analysis of ichthyofauna similarity (Jaccard and Bray-Curtis) confirms the gradient shown in the multivariate analysis. The length characterization of ten most abundant species showed large length amplitude and ample distribution in the environment. Like the "richness" of species, the Shannon Diversity Index goes up in the direction head to mouth, with the highest values in the Passa Cinco River. For the reproductive biology study, the sample consisted of a total of 377 specimens of C. cuestae, 166 female (44%), 146 males (44%) and 47 non-differentiated (12%). The macro and microscopic characteristics of gonads, in addition to the IGS values allowed the establishment of four gonadal maturation stages for females and males: Maturation, In Reproduction, Spent and Resting. The maturation curve obtained by the monthly distribution of the mean IGS values, the monthly frequency of the gonadal maturation stages and the distribution of frequency of oocytes diameter show that there is a continuous reproductive period and spawning intermittently. The significant association between breeding activity and dry and rainy seasons shows greater intensity in reproduction during the rainy. The first gonadal maturation length for female and male was 2.6 cm of the standard length, determined by the length of the smallest specimen in advanced maturation. The macro and microscopic gonadal analysis, the development of eggs and larvae permitted a discussion about the life strategy of this species which, along with other stream species, are adapted to this environment exposed to high instability. The microbasin is a environment still well conserved, with a great richness of species. The distribution of the species is markedly influenced by abiotic factors.
Projeto e construção de lajes nervuradas de concreto armado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-21)
Silva, Marcos Alberto Ferreira da
;
Figueiredo Filho, Jasson Rodrigues de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0732866094426766
The demand for simple and efficient solutions is increasing in civil construction, wherein the reduction of costs and the increase of speed and versatility within the applications are required. Due to its advantages, reinforced concrete ribbed slabs have been consolidated as an excellent alternative to compose buildings floors. The present research deals with this type of slab, disseminating its constructive characteristics, variations, structural behavior and the main recommendations proposed by different authors and addressing to all potential users (designers, constructors, contractors); recommendations, calculation methods to determine the internal forces and displacements, design and construction procedures according to the Brazilian code of practice NBR 6118:2003 are presented. Additionally, illustrative examples with the calculation, the detailing and the verifications of the serviceability limit state (crack width and extreme deformation) are presented. Finally, the results obtained from the examples simulating ribbed slabs in two directions are compared with the results obtained from the consideration of a massive slab.
Estudo das propriedades mecânicas de cabos condutores elétricos de tipo CAA usados e sua adequação ao retracionamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-24)
Lavandoscki, Rogerio
;
Bolfarini, Claudemiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037
Estudo do processo de cristalização de soluções impuras de sacarose por resfriamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-24)
Mantelatto, Paulo Eduardo
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Giulietti, Marco
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7703659740618915
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0438514538015348
The objective of this work was to study the crystallization kinetics of impure sugarcane sucrose solutions by cooling, prepared as of VVHP and VHP raw sugars, sugarcane syrup and for PP-45 high purity granulated sugar (reference sample), as a part of technology development work for high purity sugar production. The applied methodology was that one proposes by Nývlt, which allows finding out the crystallization kinetics parameters without knowing solutions supersaturation coefficient figures. This method basically consists of submitting a saturated sucrose solution under a cooling linear slope until crystal uprising and their growth, which are separated from mother liquor, submitted to crystal size distribution analysis (for example crystal retained in sieves) to determine the distribution size curve (DSC) and finally, to submit math modeling. This way batch crystallization trial of sugarcane syrup and sucrose solutions with different impure degrees and concentration were carried out in all cases mentioned before, using or not crystal seeding. As of which this data, the predominant medium crystal size of DSC were determined (Lm), which permitted to find out crystallization kinetics parameters: the relationship between real nucleation order and growth rate (n/g), reactor kinetics constant (BN) and nucleation apparent order (m). The results showed a good correlation among evaluated parameters, for confidence intervals of 99,5%, with at least 90% of variation explained (correlation coefficient, r > 0,9). The equation found this way allowed to foresee with reasonable accuracy crystal predominant medium size for all studied cases. The best adjustment of proposed model was gotten for seeding syrup, VVHP raw sugar (obtained for seeding and nucleation), and VHP (by seeding) and for PP-45 granulated sugar, respectively. The worst results were for prepared solution as of VHP (I) raw sugar (by nucleation), which apparently, were influenced by high level of starch, dextran, and other impurities originally present in this raw sugar. The crystals obtained, in turn, presented an excellent coefficient of variation, C.V., between 6,9% (best case) and 28% (worst case), a flatness about 3,0, characterizing a type of normal distribution and showing to be a narrow distribution, specially for the case where seeding was applied. The process showed to be effective in impurities removal, specially starch, ash and mainly color compounds. The color of crystals obtained were classified as of sugar type 4 (450 UI), when syrup with 8600 UI was used and non affination was applied until refined type, with 18 UI of color, when VVHP row sugar (310 UI) was utilized, crystal with 56 UI when VHP(I) raw sugar (1040 UI) was used and crystal with 22 UI when VHP raw sugar with original color of 846 UI. The results suggest that refining of raw sugar could be done using an adequate cooling crystallization technique perfectly integrated to a conventional sugar factory utilized to produce VHP, VVHP and other types of crystal raw sugars. The refined sugar so produced could be adjusted in the adequate market proportion for each sugar type in the same plant utilized for conventional raw sugar production. This process so conceived or arranged could have a significant advantage when compared to the conventional refining sugar process since it would not need an ionic or carbon column to color and ash removal, no new chemicals would not be necessary, no new wastes would be generated, the process would became more flexible and more value could be added to the product. It has pointed out also that if the results here present are confirmed in the next pilot scale study the product should have besides a better acceptance in the international sugar market an expressive production cost reduction.
Determinação de aminoácidos totais em amostras de plantas empregando multicomutação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-25)
Oliveira, Daniel Batista de
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Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5743074816840078
In this work, development of a multicommutation system for the determination of total amino acids in samples of plants were proposed. The system is based on the complexition of amino functional groups of amino acids by ninhydrin. As system detection was used an spectrophotometer working in the visible range. The multicommutation developed system employed five solenoid valves for solution management and a peristaltic pump for the fluid propulsion. The time and sequence of switching of valves, the velocity of peristaltic pump and the data acquisition were performed through the development program in the Labview plataform using a computer with an eletronic interface. The system shows a linear reponse up to 2.0 x10-3 mol L-1, with relative standard deviation of 1.09% (n = 10), , sample troughput of 15 determinations per hour and a detection limit of 3.6 x10-5 mol L-1. The system was applied to plant samples and the results obtained using the standard addition test presented receiver between 96 and 101%.
Estudo e construção de dispositivos conversores de energia solar em elétrica através de sistemas supramoleculares de rutênio-cromo e rutênio-rutênio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-25)
Santos, Wagner Batista dos
;
Marques, Clélia Mara de Paula
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451284088402660
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954701220427351
The synthesis and determination of some properties of ruthenium monomers like trans-[Ru(NH3)4(L)(bpa)](BF4)2 (where L = pyridine, 4-picoline, 4-acetylpyridine and bpa = 1,2-bis(4-pyridil)ethane); cis-[Ru(dcbH2)(dypy)Cl2]Cl where dcbH2 = 4,4 -dicarboxy 2,2 bipyridine, chromium monomer like cis-[Cr(dcbH2)2Cl2]Cl; polynuclear systems Ru(II)-Cr(III) like cis-{trans-[Ru(NH3)4(L)(bpa)]}2[Cr(dcbH2)2](BF4)4Cl3 and polynuclear sistems Ru(II)-Ru(III) like cis-{trans- [Ru(NH3)4L(bpa)]}2 [Ru(dcbH2)(dipy)](BF4)4Cl3. Those compounds presented in their ultraviolet-visible electronic spectra, bands in both regions. The bands of absorption of the monomers in the regions of the ultraviolet can be attributed to internal transitions of the ligante. π - π* (IL). In the region of the visible, the electronic spectra of the ruthenium monomers present an or two denominated bands of TCML. The most intense band and of smaller energy it is denominated of TCML-1, and the more energetics, however of smaller intensity it is TCML -2. The chromium complexes, synthesized using bidentate ligand without substituents, normally present a series of three bands in their absorption spectrum. However, the compound investigated by us only showed two bands which were attributed to a vibracional co-excitation of the coupling between the d-d transition and the internal vibration transition of the ligand. The ruthenium (III) complexes showed two bands which were attributed to a vibracional coexcitation of the coupling between the d-d transition and the internal vibration transition of the ligand and two metal-ligand charge transfer bands (MLCT) low intensity. The polynuclear system produced from the chromium, ruthenium (III) and ruthenuim (II) monomers, presented the ame spectral characteristics as the compounds used in their synthesis or-be-it bands corresponding to MLCT (characteristic of the ruthenium monomer), d-d (characteristic of the chromium and ruthenium (III) monomers) and the IL (characteristic of the internal ligand transitions). The IR spectra show the differences and similarities betweem the several ruthenium monomers. The monomers containing isonicotinamide and XII the 4-acetylpyridine present a peak in the 1600 cm-1 spectral region, characteristic of the substituted -C=O group. The compounds polynuclear spectra permit their differentiation analyzing the 3300 cm-1 spectra region due to the COOH group of the chromium monomerpossible other differences are mashed by the very large spectral bands of the carboxy groups. In a general way the picks found for the composition cis-[Ru(dipy)(dcbH2)Cl2]Cl, were found for the polynuclear sistems Ru(II)-Ru(III), more intense. The reduction formal potentials, Ef, of the ruthenium monomers and polynuclear system were determined using ciclyc voltammetry for aqueous solvents. Ef value increse with increasing with drawing capacity and decreasing donor capacity of the pyridine ligands. the monomer voltammogram support the existence of a simple ruthenium specie. The polynuclear voltammograms support na increase of Ef with increasing with drawing (capture) capacity of the pyridine ligand. The photoaquation reactions of the several synthetized complexes were investigated. The compounds were photolysed at several wavelengths and products formed analysed potentiometrically (NH3) and by ion exchange (pyridine ligands). According to the cassification proposed by Molouf and Ford the compounds can be classified as non-reactive due to the low quantum yield observed the dependence on the wavelength of the reaction. Were prepared solars cells for the polynuclear system of cis- {trans-[Ru(NH3)4L(bpa)]}2[Cr(dcbH2)2](BF4)4Cl3 and cis-{trans -[Ru(NH3)4L(bpa)]}2 [Ru(dcbH2)(dipy)](BF4)4Cl3; where L = 4-acpy, 4-pic, py and isn, through method proposed by Grätzel, to verify the potentiality of these compounds in the process of conversion of energy. The obtained results are to each other quite close, however the values of Isc and Voc are very low, indicating that the conversion process for that series of compositions is not effective.
Dimensões da sustentabilidade e a sua apropriação pelas entidades da sociedade civil e pela administração municipal. Caso: projeto Jaboticabal sustentável.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-25)
Silva, Antonio Sergio da
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Shimbo, Ioshiaqui
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6315114291031702
Nowadays necessity exists to accomplish alternative experiences that go through the democratic participative processes on the politics considered like a refering set marker because they contribute to the construction of new relationships in the public spaces of participation between the society and the power heading for a more sustainable society. Then the objetive of this research was to analyze the relationships between the entities of the organized civil society and the local public administration in the participation by the perspective of the sustainability dimension which are determining at the practice of the participation space to leave from a pilot experience called Sustainable Jaboticabal Project accomplished at Jaboticabal, State of São Paulo. The unit of analisys was the Sustainable Jaboticabal Group Action composed by entities of the civil society and the municipal government's representatives during the collective activities. The results were obtained through reports of activities, accomplishment of interviews and the researcher's observation. The public administration assumed the function of provider and its action were centralized at the environmental dimension and limited the development of the political dimension by restriction on the participation ways. The collective construction of the knowledge about sustainable favored the understanding of the participative processes for the transformation of the political culture. The environmental dimension was like a determining in the relationships between the entities; the entities of the civil society adopted the political dimension before the centralization of the administration; the dimension of the sustainable not incorporated by public administration was the politics. In this case, the political dimension of the sustainable is decisive in the relationships to reach the sustainable. The nullity or the unilaterality of the political dimension in the relationships between entities of the organized civil society and the public administration it weakens transdimensionality which is present at the centrality of the political dimension of the sustainability because it is on this dimension that the synergy and the resonance of the actions devise in the different dimensions are anchored and then moulding own sustainability. The political dimension itself presents like shaft leader in the relationships to reach the sustainability.
Desenvolvimento e avaliação de um programa de habilidades sociais com mães de crianças defeicientes visuais.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-25)
Freitas, Maura Gloria de
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Del Prette, Zilda Aparecida Pereira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8113238388739093
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7303822499646773
Studies on visually disabled children have emphasized the relevant role of parents in their overall motor, cognitive, and social-affective development. Likewise, studies indicate that parents behavior like fear, insecurity, overprotection, and deficient social performances may interfere negatively in the learning of social repertoires necessary for the children's interactions with their peers and with other adults who are significant in their lives. Thus, it is possible that in teaching or perfecting the parents social skills to plan and conduct skillful pertinent educational practices to the children s needs, they may become able to promote the development and learning benefiting the visually disabled child towards a satisfactory social performance living autonomy. The present research aimed at evaluating social deficits and skills of visually disabled children, evaluating their mothers social-educational deficits and skills, planning and implementing a program to train the mothers social educational skills, in order to promote the children s social skills and to evaluate with the mothers the effects of such program on the children s social performance. To realize these goals, a group quasi-experimental design was adopted: 50 children and their respective mothers were subdivided into three groups. The first group was identified as EG (experimental group) and was composed by 9 visually disabled children, whose mothers underwent the training program; the second, CG1 (control group with 14 visually disabled children); and the third, CG2 (control group with 27 seeing children). The evaluation of the children s social repertoire was carried out by the mothers, the teachers, and the children themselves, both in the pre and post intervention phases (for EG, CG1, and CG2), and also in the follow-up phase (for EG), three months after the end of the program, using the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS). The repertoire of the mothers social skills was evaluated by means of IHS-Del-Prette, and the repertoire of social educational skills was evaluated by means of a questionnaire and the filming of play sessions between mother and child in the pre and post phases as well as in the follow-up phase. The results of such evaluations were dealt with and computerized either in terms of frequency or of total and factorial scores. For all measures available, pre and post interventional comparisons (Wilcoxon) were realized, as well as pre, post, and follow-up comparisons (Friedman followed by a multiple comparison test for k related samples), and comparisons between the different groups and the different informants (Kruskal-Wallis followed by a multiple comparison test for k independent samples). The results indicate that the visually disabled children s social performance was more deficient than that of the seeing children in several of the evaluated social skills; they also indicate that such performance differences either decreased or were overcome when the mothers were trained in social educational skills of reading the environment, creating a motivating context for learning, showing the consequences of the child s behavior, expressing feelings, providing feedback, and promoting the generalization of the behaviors learnt, that way favoring the promotion of their children s social skills.
Análise do monitoramento pós estudo de impacto ambiental no Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-26)
Munno, Carolina Milanetto
;
Salvador, Nemésio Neves Batista
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9930582531600560
This work intented to realize a study about the situation of process of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in São Paulo State, with emphasis in the monitoring pos-EIS (Environmental Impact Statment) phase, that it is essencial for the efficiency and efficacy of EIA. The purpose was to evaluate the frequency that the monitoring is realized, which are the methods used, what the efficiency, the negative points and the difficults to execution of this system. For that, it was realized a bibliography revision about national and internacional practices of EIA, with research at libraries of Secretaria de Meio Ambiente do Estado de São Paulo (SMA), Companhia Estadual de Saneamento Ambiental (CETESB), Departamento de Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental (DAIA) and USP, and researches on data base. It were made interviews with technicals directors of DAIA/SMA and was also elaborated a questioner, that approach some points of EIA practices in São Paulo State. This questioner was sent to professionals of area. The results evidenced that despite of monitoring pos-EIS is very impotant in the context of EIA, it is not executed in the most of the cases. Many failures are pointed out in the process, which results in the non aplication of monitoring pos-EIS. The lack of engagement with the environmental quality and the sustainability, the lack of structure in the environmental agencies, the bureaucratic and consequent slowness of the process, the little participation of community, the difficulty in getting material about the topic, and others are some of factors mentioned. If the procedure were not improved, for assure the accomplishment of terms and commitments defined, as well as the learning with mistakes and the rights of each case, a powerfull instrument of Environmental Policy would be discredited and turn on in one of numerous bureaucratic obstacles that difficult the access on natural resourses of the country, but are not efficient to assure that the improvement happens in benefit of society.
Treino em esteira com suporte parcial de peso associado à estimulação elétrica funcional melhora a marcha de hemiparéticos crônicos e efeitos da inclinação da esteira na marcha de sujeitos hemiparéticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-27)
Lindquist, Ana Raquel Rodrigues
;
Mattioli, Rosana
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5694498670428619
;
Salvini, Tânia de Fátima
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the combined use of functional electrical stimulation (FES) and treadmill training with body weight support (BWS) in walking functions and voluntary limb control in chronic hemiparetic patients. Eight hemiparetic individuals (mean age, 56.6 ± 10.26 years) were evaluated in the present clinical trial. The stroke interval was 17.3 ± 10.9 months. The stroke etiology of the subjects was ischemia (75%) or haemorrhage (25%) in the middle cerebral artery region. An A1-B-A2 single-case study design was applied. Phases A1 and A2: three weeks of gait training on a treadmill with body weight support, and phase B: three weeks of treadmill training plus FES. FES was applied to the peroneal nerve to improve ankle dorsiflexion during the swing phase and heel strike on the initial floor contact. Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement (STREAM, 0-60) was used to assess motor recovery. Kinematical analysis was used to assess cycle length (m); cycle duration (s); gait velocity (m/s); stance duration (s); swing duration (s) and cadence (steps/min). The results showed substantial improvement in the motor functions during phase B (from 54.9% to 71.0%). The space-temporal variables of cycle duration, stance and cycle cadence as well as cycle symmetry presented improvements when compared to treadmill training with BWS but without FES (p<0.01). The combined use of FES and treadmill training with BWS promoted an improvement in the motor recovery and gait pattern of hemiparetic subjects and could be used during gait rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of uphill treadmill inclination in the gait of ambulatory subjects with hemiparesis. Fourteen individuals (mean age 64.3±14.56 years) were evaluated in the present trial. The stroke etiology of the subjects was supratentorial ischemia (12 cases) or haemorrhage (2 cases). Gait analysis was performed during each experimental condition (floor walking and uphill treadmill walking of 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%). The space-temporal variables, gait line, cyclogram, force graphs and vertical ground reaction forces during initial contact, midstance and toe-off, and muscular activity were recorded by Infotronic Ultraflex System. Muscular activity recordings were obtained for the following muscles on the subjects paretic side: tibialis anterior, medial belly of gastrocnemius, biceps femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, gluteus medius and erector spinae. Heart rate was also monitored during each experimental condition. The results showed that uphill treadmill improved the heart rate from 82.6±11.0 bpm to 97.7±20.2 bpm as the treadmill inclination improved to 8%. Spacetemporal variables were not significantly affected by the uphill walking while velocity remained steady. EMG amplitude of gastrocnemius decreased while vastus lateralis and biceps femoris increased with slope. We conclude that treadmill inclination would have some beneficial effect on the subjects general fitness and could be used during stroke rehabilitation when the patient motor condition does not allow the increase of gait velocity. However, gait ability in stroke patients changes within certain limits during uphill treadmill.
Alternativas de sistemas construtivos para condomínios residenciais horizontais - estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-27)
Villar, Francelene Hermida Rezende
;
Furlan Júnior, Sydney
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1588911302230944
Improvement in productivity is one important factor to tackle the increasing Brazilian housing deficit. Besides, civil construction industry holds strategic position in the development of the country due to its economical and social importance. In this scenery, the use of industrialized constructive systems has been more and more frequent, mainly by large construction companies and in buildings that need speed of execution. The main purpose of the current work is to show, from the perspective of important parameters to the construction of horizontal properties jointly owned (rationalization, quality, cost and performance, among others), a comparative analysis of Jet Casa constructive system (a system comprised of prefabricated panels, consisted of ceramic stones and armed concrete pillars) with constructive system in structural masonry with ceramic stones, traditionally used in such enterprises. This study is developed through a case study carried out for the construction of Jardins de Barcelona Joint Owned Property, in São José do Rio Preto, by Rodobens Negócios Imobiliários, consisted of 198 one-story double houses. Initially, some concepts related to the conception of horizontal properties jointly owned, as far as rationalization, quality and productivity are concerned, are briefly argued with theoretical base aim. Then, some constructive systems which are currently being used in Brazil for building residential units in a series are described and their main characteristics (project, materials, components and execution) are presented. This way, the current overview of this sector is provided. After this, Jet Casa constructive system is described in details: project, production, assembly and other characteristics (productivity, standardization of procedures, building site organization, costs, performance and rationalization). Briefly, structural masonry constructive process is also shown, in order to give the case study some foundation. Finally, from the perspective of important parameters to construction of horizontal properties jointly owned (rationalization, quality, cost and performance, among others), these two constructive processes are compared in order to be used in the enterprise in question. From this comparative analysis, the choice made by the company (still predominantly cost-oriented) and the parameters that influenced this decision are shown.
Aspectos da interação do homem com pesticidas no ambiente: focando a cotonicultura e com ênfase às bordas do Alto Pantanal, Mato Grosso, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-27)
Rieder, Arno
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Mozeto, Antonio Aparecido
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6594211224864538
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3628842228961777
The interaction man-pesticide-environment (M-P-E), in cotton areas was characterized and, a laboratorial study on mobility of the pesticide parathion methyl (PM) into soil columns was developed. Antropic impacts and risk indicators of environmental contamination by pesticides and risks to human health were identified (RCDPEH). This study was carried on in two cotton communities (Facão - C1 and Barra Nova - C2), municipality of Cáceres, at the High Pantanal borders, Mato Grosso state (MT), Brazil, during six harvest periods (1992-97). For the characterization of the MP- E interaction, data were collected with support of the service of assistance to the cotton farmers of MT, as well as through perceptions in situ. Assays on mobilization of pesticide residues were carried on in laboratory using columns filled with top soil from three topographical positions (Pi=1,2,3) with three depths (Ei=1,2,3) collected in cotton farms (Gossypium hirsutum L.) of two communities (Ci=1,2). PM was applied at the top of soil columns and leaching was induced in three time intervals (ti=0,1,2). The percolate was collected to analyze PM residues, using gas chromatography with termoionic detector N/P (CG 500) and an integrator processor (CG 300). Results showed that the characteristics related to the M-P-E factors and their interactions can also consist in risk indicators (RCDPEH). These indicators expressed in terms of greater (r1) and lesser risk (r2) showed that the two communities were similar in the factor pesticide (P: r1 = 40,5 %), but distinct in the factors man (M: C1, r1 = 48,2 % > C2, r1 = 33,2 %), environment (E: C1, r1 = 49.1 % < C2, r1 = 59,0 %) and in the interactions of these three factors (M-P-E: C1, r1 = 45,6 % < C2, r1 = 53,9 %). The communities (C1, r1 = 44,57 % < C2, r1 = 47,2 %) as well as the six considered harvest periods (1995 harvest, r1 = 34,7 % < 1992-94 and 1996-97 harvest periods, r1: ranging from 37,6 % to 41,5 %) behaved differently in relation to the factors as a whole and to their interactions. The laboratory assays indicated that PM residues can leach in soils columns, but small amounts reached depths higher than 3 cm. Soil with higher organic matter (OM) content showed reduced leaching of PM residues. Different amounts of residues of PM mobilized through soils columns, as a function of factors Ci, Pi, Ei and ti, can be due to soil characteristics affected by OM. Therefore, well managed soils, even if sandy, but with adequate OM contents, present low risk of groundwater contamination with PM residues, except if the water table depth is low. The variations in the risk indicators (RCDPEH) resulted from the dynamics of the M-P-E interaction. Therefore, the risks are likely to being minimized through the adequate technical training of the people who work with pesticides. In this context governmental, non-governmental structures and the specialized technologies can reach the agriculturist through training, assistance, monitoring and inspection of the practical routine; thus protecting the Pantanal ecosystems.
Análise da punção e flechas em lajes maciças sem vigas de concreto armado de acordo com as prescrições da NBR 6118:2003
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-28)
Ferreira, Antônio Mário
;
Figueiredo Filho, Jasson Rodrigues de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0732866094426766
This work shows some NBR 6118:2003 prescriptions, intending to study, analyze and discuss the aspects regarding to the determination of the efforts to check the punch and the detailed framework to struggle it and the deflection (arrow), in the systems of flat plates since they had suffered significant changes. It will be done a comparative analysis of consideration of the non physical linearity presented by structural calculation program CYPECAD to that one done according to NBR 6118:2003, using a grill analogy through the GPLAN program to do that, as it will be also solved some examples to determine the strain and the framework structure to the punch as to deflection in the flat plates. At last, it will be done a study of case of a building in solid flat plates that presents deflection problems, as well as project failures in the dimension of the flat to punch, which subjects deserve a high attention and concern under the vision and sight of NBR 6118:2003. Specifically it will be dealt the following subjects: General features of the system; Methods to determine the strain and dimension to the punch; Verification of the deflection of the flat; Utilization of the programs to determine the strain and deflection; Performance and some examples and a study of the case.
Unifran: história, desenvolvimento e novos desafios.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-28)
Buffa, Maurício
;
Nosella, Paolo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7159165045266256
Since the republic proclamation, and in a more intense way, since 1930, the public-private opposition has been dominating the Brazilian educational scenery, varying the actors and the main papers according to the times that these disputes happen. This opposition, in spite of the specific particularities of every historical moment and of the private interests that permeate the conflict, has been harming the formatting of a more united and appropriate politics for the social, cultural and economical transformations that transcend the society. In the higher education specific case, it is added to this fact the imposition, starting from the 1968 reform, of an specific formation model that should converge for the indissociability among teaching and researche, through academical structures that embraced the universality field. Inside this context, the increase of the demand for vacancies in the higher education since the 60s, in conjunction with the government politics for the sector and the experienced economical development of the country, the number of private schools increased. This fact divided the institutions into two groups, the elite group, formed by the few public ones that could associate teaching and researche, and the mass group, constituted mainly by the private institutions, that have been concentrating on the teaching activities according to the market. Contrarily to the own reform, the last ones began small and without many resources, as isolated universities and, paradoxically, they started to assist the middle class population that couldn't reach the public universities. Contextualized in the 60s, 70s and 80s, a period where a great part of the Brazilian society saw the education as a public good, therefore non-tradable, and they defended the public and unpaid school for all, that situation consolidated a negative image of the private institutions, considered by many as a second category schools, without teaching quality and with exclusively profit interests. Since the end of the 80s, some institutions became universities and, authorized for opening of courses, they had an accentuated growth, which allowed a great investments in infrastructure and faculty, improving the teaching quality and, consequently, their image in front of the society. However, the investments in structure were not followed by a strategic planning that, according to the competition, the regional subjects and the specificity of each institution, positioned them inside the new Brazilian educational market reality, reorienting their development and objectives. With all of those considerations as backdrop and inside of the History of the School Institutions research line, this work makes a case study of Unifran, University of Franca.
As manifestações da indústria cultural em instituições de educação infantil e possíveis formas de resistência: duas realidades no município de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-28)
Morales, Cibele Serrano
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Tagliavini, João Virgílio
This dissertation means to reflect on the childhood condition, with all its natural and historic complexity as well as on the manner by which it has been used in a manicheistic way by the society. Recognizing the strong influence of the cultural industry on this age group, it discusses the great responsibility of the school as a mediator of possible manitestations of this industry within the institution and as the responsible for an autonomous and critical formation. The institutionalized child education is seen as the competence to, through its program and with the use of an actually reflexive pratice, resist the attacks of this machine which aims the consumption and the annihilation of consciences. Two institutions have been observed in order to illustrate the quotidian of the child education institute and to point out some aspects which deserve a higher pedagogical investment in order to act as a focus of resistance.
Nanoarquitetura em sistemas de alumina anódica porosa e configurações magnéticas de partículas de Co eletrodepositadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-10-30)
Cardoso, Márcia Lourenço
;
Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
;
Oliveira, Adilson Jesus Aparecido de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4640148190073166
This thesis presents results on tailoring porous anodic alumina films, the Co-CoO electrodeposition on alumina template and the magnetic behavior of such system. Mono and bi-modal pore distribution at the film surface were obtained in a two-step anodization. It was observed the growth of non parallel pores when temperature or current were modified from the first to the second step. The current plays the great role in the top layer morphology modification. The Co ions were electrodeposited on regular Al2O3 membrane under an sine waveform potential. This procedure provided the formation of a granular system of Co-CoO. For small times of deposition the sample presents major value of the coercive field in the perpendicular to plan of the substrate direction. Carrying out the electrodeposition for a long period the magnetization easy axis goes to the sample surface plane, where the coercive field was major. The existence of Co oxide was inferred through of magnetization measurements. It was detected "exchange bias" fields, results of the coupling between antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic portion of the sample. This phenomenon was observed in both directions of the samples at 250 K. The results also show the domain formation on a antiferromagnetic portion at the ferro/antiferromagnetic interface. Such domains were allowed to rotation near the blocking temperature.
Método para implantação de um sistema de gestão da qualidade baseado na norma ISO 9001:2000.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-11-11)
Leite, Daniela Cristina Medeiros
;
Martins, Manoel Fernando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921504261628850
The family of ISO 9000 standards is being constantly adopted by the companies, manufacturing and services, as a base to implement a quality management system. With the 2000 review, the ISO 9000 has progressed from a quality assurance system to a quality management system, incorporating the eight total quality principles. For this reason, in order to companies achieve success in the ISO 9001:2000 implementation, it is necessary that these principles become part of their culture, because there is a cultural gap between the quality assurance and quality management concepts. In this context, the objective of this study is propose a method of implementing a quality management system (QMS), based on the ISO 9001:2000 standard, considering, beyond the requirements demanded by the standard, aspects related to company culture, human resources qualification and use of continuous improvement methods and tools. The development of this study happened through an action research, using the method SSA (Soft System Analysis), in a leather industry, which was at an intermediate phase of ISO 9001:2000 standard implementation. The finds achieved in the research showed that the method proposed was adequate to the initial objective, because it suggests actions that can minimize or eliminate the gaps existent in a quality management system, and helped the company to achieve a considerable improvement in its QSM. Besides, it was possible to conclude that the ISO 9001:2000 standard should not be implemented only through written procedures and training routines, but aspects like company culture and human resources should also be considered.
Processamento e caracterização de condutores de íons O2- a partir de cerâmicas BIMEVOX
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-11-11)
Biz, Helder
;
Morelli, Márcio Raymundo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0172837599844991
In this work, the processing of BIMEVOX family ceramics (ME-doped bismuth vanadate, ME =Cu2+, Fe3+ and Ti4+), obtained by precursor oxides fusion method was studied. The resulting powders were valued by X ray diffraction, atomic emission spectrometry, scanning and transmission electronic microscopy, and analyzed by particle size distribution. The obtained results showed the oxides fusion method promoted the formation of the interest phases, with the desired content of dopants. The powders presented a majority crystalline portion and a residual vitreous phase, which can be responsible for the relatively high final densities (above 95%) of the sintered samples, reached at lower temperatures (750 ºC for BICUVOX and 800 ºC for BIFEVOX and BITIVOX) and shorter firing times (4 hours), if compared with some literature data. The microstructure of samples was revealed without any superficial treatment or etching (thermal or chemical), but there is not an explanation for this phenomenon yet. The grains presented a mean size small enough (about 3 µm) to promote a reproducibility of the electrical conductivity over a heatingcooling thermal cycle, at the temperature range valued (150 450 ºC). Electrical conductivity was not significantly influenced by the pO2 not even for the final density of the samples, and the activation energy values for the conduction presented small difference. Electrical measurements indicated the presence of order-disorder transformations in between 450-500 °C, which were showed up through the change of the slope in the conductivity-temperature curves. According to the carried out tests in prototypes, in spite of unsuitability of BIMEVOX materials studied for the application in melted metals at 1600 °C (due low melting point of these ceramics), they can be possibly applied as gas sensors in ambient of lower temperatures.
Efeitos da lesão do núcleo do trato solitário comissural sobre a ingestão de água e sólido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-11-11)
Blanch, Graziela Torres
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Colombari, Débora Simões de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1684467594359403
The central nervous system (CNS) has an important function in the regulation of homeostatic mechanisms controlling the volemia and osmolality of the body fluid. The nucleus of the tract solitary (NTS) is the primary site of the cardiovascular afferents and peripheral osmoreceptors. From to NTS, the information about arterial blood pressure, extracellular fluid composition and volume goes to other areas into the CNS involved to cardiovascular regulation and hydroeletrolytic balance, e.g., anteroventral third ventricle region (AV3V), paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus, lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN) and the vasomotors nuclei of medulla. The NTS can be anatomically divided in rostral NTS, intermediate NTS and commissural NTS (commNTS). Therefore, the aims of this study were: a) to study the effects of acute and chronic electrolytic lesion of the commNTS on the water and 0.3 M NaCl intake induced by different protocols that induced intracellular and/or extracellular dehydration, b) to study the possible mechanisms which commNTS lesion induce changes in water and/or sodium intake, evaluating the hemodynamic and renal changes. Male Holtzman rats (300-320g) were submitted to commNTS or sham lesion. The animals were anesthetized and placed in a stereotaxic apparatus. Through a partial craniotomy of the occipital bone, the dura mater and arachnoid were incised, and the dorsal surface of the brain stem was exposed. Electrolytic lesions were performed with a tungsten electrode inserted into the brain stem following coordinates: 0.0 mm lateral, 0.4, 0.7 and 1.0 mm posterior to the calamus scriptorius, and 0.1 mm below the dorsal surface of the brain. The electrolytic lesions were performed with 1 mA current delivered for 5 seconds, twice with a 30 s interval between them. Sham-operated rats underwent the same procedures, but no current was passed. Initial body weight was the same, but commNTS lesioned rats had a significant loss in the weight compared with sham rats during the 14 days. The pressor response of the chemoreflex, tested with potassium cyanide iv, was reduced in chronic commNTS lesioned rats, whereas the baroreflex tested with phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside was unchanged in commNTS lesioned rats. The water intake induced by intragastric (ig) gavage of 2 M NaCl was greater in acute and chronically commNTS-lesioned rats compared to sham rats. There was no 0.3 M NaCl intake after ig gavage of 2 M NaCl in lesioned or sham rats. Acute and chronically, the treatment with furosemide (diuretic) and captopril (ANG II converting enzyme inhibitor)
Jovens universitários e álcool: conhecimentos e atitudes.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-11-15)
Bresighello, Maria Luísa Moura
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Montrone, Aida Victoria Garcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9011731777978672
This quantitative-qualitative research was developed with the objectives to evaluate the alcohol consumption through the Alcohol Use Disorders Investigation Test - AUDIT, between the students of graduation of the course of Physics, of the Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Campus Rio Claro and, to identify to the knowledge and attitudes of these students on the alcoholic beverage ingestion. The results gotten in the initial stage of the research -quantitative - had allowed the aiming of the following stage - qualitative. Interviews half-structuralized with eight students of the 30 had been carried through that they had answered to Test AUDIT. The results of the related test had shown that, little more than 83% present standard of consumption of low risk. The transcription and analysis of the interviews had allowed a deepening in the universe of these students, where it was possible to apprehend part of its knowledge and attitudes with relation to the alcohol, and the identification of the factors of vulnerability and empowerment. The orientation necessity was clear, to the adults who coexist young and children, on the curses of the alcoholic beverage use and on the necessity of a bigger attention to those situations that come to facilitate its use. It was possible also to perceive the importance of the family as factor of support to the behavior of these young. How much to the pertaining to school environment, it was verified that it lacks to preparation to the educators and professionals of the health, and a bigger reflection on the part of all the society, so that the question of the alcoholic beverage consumption is faced as catalytic of sad future consequences for children and young. The educative work must exceed the field of the information and the university must dare and go beyond the knowledge technician, for the integral formation of the diverse professionals who for it pass.