Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2005-12-14"

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Estudo do mecanismo de oxidação do herbicida atrazina na presença de minerais e sustâncias húmicas em ambiente anaeróbio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-14)
Barreiro, Juliana Cristina
;
Capelato, Milton Duffles
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6469822913862749
The oxidative decomposition of atrazine was induced by hydroxyl radicals generated from the interaction between hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, and iron oxides, yielding the Fenton reaction. The reaction rate of atrazine oxidation was followed in the presence of iron minerals: goethite, ferrihydrite, and lepidocrocite; and further with humic acid (HA) extracted from the soil. It was evaluated parameters such as pH, mineral and H2O2 concentrations for the atrazine oxidation in the presence of the mineral ferrihydrite. Atrazine concentration, as well the formation of the degradation products were identified and quantified using HPLC-UV-vis. Total iron and iron(II) contents were monitored by atomic absorption and UV-vis, respectively. It was observed that atrazine oxidation was catalyzed by the presence of significant amount of iron in solution, rising from mineral proton dissolution, at pH 3. The reaction rate of H2O2 decomposition was pH dependent, shown to be higher at pH>3.0. It was identified three degradation products for atrazine: desisopropylatrazine, desethylatrazine and hydroxyatrazine, which is in agreement with the proposed Fenton reaction mechanism in solution. The HA extracted from soil was characterized by the spectroscopic techniques NMR, EPR, and FTIR; and the results show the presence of functional groups, such as, carboxylic and phenolic acids, besides quinone groups, which are important for reactions involving pesticides. In the presence of HA, it was observed an inhibition for the atrazine decay due to the radical scavenger effect of HA and/or its action as a chelating agent for iron ions in solution or by its adsorption at the mineral surface. Atrazine sorption was higher in the presence of HA rather than minerals, ferrihydrite, for example, at pH 3.
O processo de profissionalização de uma ocupação feminina: a fonoaudiologia em São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-14)
Kernbichler, Maria Alice Borin Sanchez
;
Bonelli, Maria da Glória
This work has for objective analyze the speech therapy under the approach of the Sociology of the Professions, private field of the Sociology of the Knowledge. The choice relapsed about that profession that is going to accompany the specificity of the journey of a female occupation, to the long one of the time. That is going to articulate questions concerning the world of the work in his field named profession, with the dimension of kind, for understand as those two aspects marks do of the speech therapy. In that analysis, we flow as are prosecuted the relations between the professionals besides the power that some professions exercise about other and the impact of the composition of kind about those characteristics, since the profession is constituted in its big majority by women. To research prioritizes the oral history and based itself mainly in 18 interviews with statements of speech therapists that his professional paths related us providing us the analysis of as the trial of professionalization of the speech therapy is marked by the articulation between kind and profession.
Metabolismo secundário de fungos endofíticos do gênero Penicillium associados às plantas Murraya paniculata (Rutaceae) e Melia azedarech (Meliaceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-14)
Marinho, Andrey Moacir do Rosário
;
Rodrigues Filho, Edson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
The Penicillium sp. A, Penicillium sp. B (M. paniculata) and P. herquei (M. azedarach) fungus were grown in liquid media (Czapeck s) and also in solid media (rice). After the inoculation of the fungus, their grownth were interrupted by adition of methanol. The extracts of the biomass were obtained by several maceration technics using organic solvents. The crude extracts were fractionated by liquid-liquid partition and also several chromatography technics. The pure compounds were obtained by refractionation of previous fractions by column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and HPLC. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by several spectroscopic technics as NMR, MS and IR. Several classes of compounds were isolated as nucleosides, esteroids, carbohydrates, polyketides among many others. Antimicrobial assays were carried out with purified compounds, where the polyketides citrinine, citrinine-D, citrinine H1, emodine, citreoroseine and janthinone showed promising results. Leishmanicidal assays were also carried out using emodine, citreoroseine and janthionone, where only the former showed a reasonable activity. The fragmentation by MS and also the biogenesis proposal of some isolated compounds are discussed in the present work.
Consenso estratégico nas operações: percepções gerenciais sobre as prioridades competitivas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-15)
Zanon, Celeste José
;
Alves Filho, Alceu Gomes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7885557554922569
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9117512651101224
This research concentrates in the analysis of the strategic consensus in operations, having as starting point the perceptions of the competitive priorities of managers, middle managers and technical managers. These professionals work in marketing, sales, product development and manufacturing areas. The word consensus is defined as the similar understanding of these managers regarding the importance and the performance of the strategic priorities. The case study method was adopted due to the necessity of examining the operations strategy in the intra-plant basis, through the perceptions in different functional areas of one same company. It aimed to understand the deficiencies of such strategy through a meticulous investigation in one of the establishments of a corporation that is world widely known in the writing, painting and cosmetics businesses. The use of the Importance-Performance matrix of Slack (1993) as an analytical instrument, and the development of a methodology that will interrelate the perceptions with the functions and the hierarchical levels, allowed this work to contribute to the business unity researched through the divergences noticed in the priorities order, through the inconsistent perceptions on the disaggregated priorities, through the relative dispersions of the perceptions between functions and levels; ultimately, through the understanding of how the operations strategy is interpreted in the company. The practical relevance is presented by the inferences that considerably influence the perception of the competitive priorities, and which can improve the practice in other companies, making them aware of the importance of the strategic consensus in the operations: the organizational protection that contributes to determine the interaction/intermediation ratio; the accessibility of information, especially those relating to competitors, the non-communicating of objectives, the inability to operationalize the strategy through the disaggregated priorities management and the products manufacturing policies make-to-stock, make-to-order, assembled-to-order, etc. Ultimately, besides the utilized methodology and the assessment of the consensus extended to middle management and to technical management, the research also contributes to the knowledge of the operations strategy area, proposing the systematization of the integration of activities that will promote consensus in managing the competitive priorities, since that is a challenge to the whole hierarchy of strategies, being of main importance to attain a sustainable success in its implementation. The following steps are suggested: the contextualization of a reality, the exploration of perceptions of such reality; the suppositions that orientates investigations; the search for reliable information; the birth of new perceptions; the discussion of the trade-offs; the negotiating of an explicit collective consensus, and the checking of this consensus among the social actors.
Entre competências e competências: limites e possibilidades na configuração das organizações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-15)
Zanarotti, Vanessa Regina Cenedezi
;
Donadone, Julio César
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643906508178259
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2862944241973678
This work analyses the emergence of Competence concept and its implications for workers management on organizations, included considering the existent discussion about the necessity of substituting the Qualification concept for the Competence one, on attempt of making a better aprehension about the complexes aspects inherent to contemporary set. For that, were realized a bibliographyc research related to the theme and a field research. Through configuration of a more dynamic set around organizations, resulting mainly of the tecnology advance process, with effect in the society evolution, emerge adaptation needs that demand reestructuration actions of administrative and productive ambit, which one influence, over all, on humans resources management. From observation of high workers rotation number that ocurred in the Volkswagen motors plant on, located in São Carlos city, interwiews were realized with the target of identifying the criterions that govern the personnel management politics practiced on this organization, the factors that contribute to the construction of carreer expectancy and analysing the professional skyline evolution demanded as a response to observed workers rotation. Several aspects inherent to Competence logic were implicitament identified on studied organizational surrounding, which ones influence on the politcs of personnel management, on construction and frustration related to carreer expectance and on aspects that compose the professional skylines demanded. Besides, it is evident that the Competence approach is actually in vigour, and too that transition through enterprise pass since its implantation, culminating on bigger stabilization of its strucutre, represents a fundamental element on expectations and oportunities generated in such surrounding.
O positivismo jurídico como fundamento da educação do bacharel em direito: a concepção do objeto como condicionante do modo de ensino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-16)
Mesquita, Márcio Satalino
;
Tagliavini, João Virgílio
Starting from the idea that the philosophical law conception accepted, consciously or unconsciously, determines, or at least conditiones significantly, the law teaching, the author examines the legal acts that rules the law schools curriculum directives in Brazil, as well as the educational programs and some courses descriptions of law graduation at the USP Universidade de São Paulo Law School and FADISC Faculdades Integradas de São Carlos Law School, and questions of some admission examinations of Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil, Seção de São Paulo (Brazil s Bar Association, Section of São Paulo). This analysis, which includes an examination of accepted bibliography references and other teaching practices, is done aiming at the identification of the determinations or conditionings of legal positivism accepted as the predominant philosophical law conception in Brazil about the teaching way. Towards, the author describes the legal positivism concept and identifies its main characteristics, mainly its more sophisticated version, using the Hans KELSEN s work, specially referring to the distinguishing between Natural Law and Positive Law, as well as referring to the supremacy of statute as law source and about its hermeneutics peculiarities. The author makes an effort to establishes distinguishings and similarities between legal positivism and Auguste COMTE s positivism, as well as between legal positivism and neo-positivism. The issue of the practicability of a juridical science understood as the currently dominant paradigm and as relevant legal positivism characteristic is treated by the author incidentally, making criticisms about objective verifiability of legal rules, about legal or illegal human behaviors; about the possibility of legal logics development; and about the juridical science object delimitation, based on the Karl POPPER s empiric science concept. For the criticism of the juridical science object delimitation, in the conception of the legal positivism, the author develops, as a category of analysis, the statute fetishism concept, based on Karl MARX s commodity fetishism concept. Throughout the examination of the mentioned empiric data, including comparative analysis with statute texts, the author establishes the characteristics of the so called Positivist Law Teaching, about curriculum directives, the way of making the curriculum, the courses contents, the doctrine and the evaluation way. Finally, the author indicates the consequences of positivist law teaching, concerning to normative reductionism, normative abstractionism, non-historicism, and legal technicism, and proposes a new approach of law teaching, about the abandoning of scientific paradigm, and about the enlargement of the study object limits.
Análise da relação franqueador-franqueado em redes de franquias de alimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-16)
Silva, André Gustavo Alves da
;
Azevedo, Paulo Furquim de
This dissertation investigates the organization architecture of franchise chains in Brazil, particularly in food franchising. We analyze the organizational architecture by means of a set of variables that allows to classify franchise chains in accordance with the typology of franchising generations, as it is usual in the franchising literature. In order to proceed with the analysis, this dissertation carried out an extensive survey with 223 Brazilian franchise chains and a qualitative research with six case-studies in food franchising. After a general description of the franchising system, the dissertation analyzes the organizational architecture of Brazilian franchise chains focusing on the following features: contractual mix, risk of brand name loss, upstream and downstream coordination. Based on these features, the dissertation describes the concept of franchising generations. In order to distinguish franchising generations, the following characteristics are investigated: number of company-owned and franchised units, experience in franchising, required standardization, consumer sensitivity to variation in product attributes, and governance structures in upstream and downstream transactions. By means of these variables, the dissertation classifies franchise chains into the two most relevant franchising models, the 3rd and 4th generations, i.e., Business Format Franchising and Learning Network Franchising. The empirical analysis indicates that the features of 3rd and 4th generation are sometimes present in the same chain, suggesting that there is a continuum between these two ideal models to organize a franchise chain.
O professor de educação física no primeiro ano da carreira: análise da aprendizagem profissional a partir da promoção de um programa de iniciação à docência.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-16)
Ferreira, Lílian Aparecida
;
Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
The aim of this investigation is to analyze the professional learning of the Physical Education teachers in the first year of their careers in which they experienced an induction program with one mentor (author of this study). This investigation occurred because beginning the teacher s career implicates in a variety of experiences positive or not that can influence in the constitution of belief, knowledge and beginner teacher s pedagogical action. The impacts of this initial process in the profession can lead the teacher to construct different professional ways. The most radical one is giving up the teacher s career. Nevertheless, we can also clarify the immediate disillusion with the profession without quitting it, what can result in a professional practice unconcerned with the students learning. With the purpose of helping the professional beginning in a less negative way, offering support and formative direction about learning and development of the profession and helping in the socialization with the scholar culture, the induction program with mentors are suggested. These programs are held in continuous formation and are important because they can help beginner teachers by facilitating the construction of a support net and a link between initial formation and professional development alongside the career. The theoric-metodological reference was based in the themes: professional learning teacher, professional development, teacher thinking, induction program based in mentors, reflexive teacher and teachers narrative. To orientate this study a research-intervention was developed according to a collaborativeconstructive pattern of continuous formation and of interaction researcher-teacher. The resource used to collect of dates was the diary of class and the semi-structured individual and collective interviews. The results showed that the teachers experienced a variety of emotions, personal and professional challenges. They had difficulties to understand the students, the principal and the other teachers, the physical structure of school and the material of the classroom. However, as the time passed by, the young teachers understood the students, the principal and the other teachers better. In this learning process of understanding and being understood the teachers built several action strategies. They established routines, they made deals with the students, and they negotiate with the principal and the other teachers. The induction program with mentor contributed with the necessities which are part of the beginning of teaching career and detailed elements that are a challenge to the process of continuous formation in general.
Proposta de metodologia para a melhoria contínua: o processo e a gestão.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-19)
Freitas, Paulo Augusto de Santos
;
Alliprandini, Dário Henrique
Organization s management has been sharply developed towards convergent policies, where some core principles are recognized as definitive in the many different managerial approaches, among them process s management, PDCA as method for management, human resources development and continuous improvement (CI). Organization s CI efforts have shown many expressive unsuccessful cases both of implementation and of long term sustaining and evolution. One possible explanation for it is the fact the organizations have not managed CI as a process. For this reason, we focused this work in the issue CI process and its management. Revision of the issue has led us to think that CI, when considered as a process, can be managed towards result s maintaining or improving having as basis the PDCA method for management. And that, among the many bundles of causes acting and producing effects on the CI process s results, the human resources bundle plays a main role by means of developing behaviors connected to CI on organization s people. Those behaviors shared by people and spread out in the organization begin to build up an organization s ability on CI. Inside the issue s revision, we had the perception that organizations can grow by developing stages, also called CI s maturity levels , by means of which organizations have an evolution towards CI capability, also understood as the organization s ability of gaining strategic advantage when expanding innovation to a significant part of organization. This work aims to propose CI management methodologies giving support to managers, expanding CI management context beyond the usage of tools and result s monitoring to include elements related to developing maturity to deal with CI. The proposed methodologies aim to demonstrate CI as a process and its management equal to any other process that can be deployed in managerial actions to maintain and to improve the current results. In managing for maintaining results the goal may be to reach the effectiveness in CI, and when managing for improving results the goal may be the organization s evolution towards CI capability. This work has been developed from the revision of bibliography and may be classified as theoretical research, using aspects of logic and science s philosophy to build up the arguments supporting its proposals. Key words: continuous improvement, production improvement, quality improvement.
Refatoração de sistemas Java utilizando padrões de projeto: um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-19)
Rapeli, Leide Rachel Chiusi
;
Penteado, Rosângela Aparecida Dellosso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4061946080136286
This dissertation presents a study case on object-oriented systems refactoring. Systems developed according to the object-oriented paradigm may contain reusable code, even though not always have been designed for it. Systems maintenance is not an easy task, even for object-oriented systems. Software design patterns favour the implementation of efficient solutions for recurrent problems, easing reusability and maintainability. In cases of systems not designed using design patterns, it is possible to refactor the system using them, without altering the system functionality. This prospective study refers to the search for guidelines to help the software engineer to conduct this type of refactoring. For that purpose, seven systems implemented in Java, that were available in the Web, have been used. The study has three phases: the first refers to existing system functionality and class model recovery; so that, in the second phase, applicable software design patterns can be implemented; and the class model previously obtained can be updated with the software design patterns applied. In the third phase, the new system functionality is verified by tests, to confirm that the conducted refactoring has not altered it. The refactored system usually presents an increase in the LOC number, but becomes more maintainable due to better structuring and cohesion. Reuse is also eased. One restriction of this research is that the case study has been conducted only for small-scale information systems.
Efeitos da temperatura e manejo do cálcio sobre o miocárdio ventricular do teleosteo neotropical Prochilodus lineatus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-19)
Costa, Telma Aparecida
;
Kalinin, Ana Lúcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888
The present study anlyzed the in vivo and in vitro responses of the myocardium obtained from Prochilodus lineatus acclimated at 25 ºC and tested at 25 and 35 ºC. The in vivo heart rate (fH bpm) was measured during acute transitions in temperature and subsequent return to 25º C. ECG recordings (lead DI of the electrocardiography) were obtained of electrodes at cardiac region. Recordings of the isometric contraction force (Fc %) and time-dependent parameters (TPT time to peak tension; THR time to half relaxation) were obtainded in vitro from ventricle rings electrically paced in response to stimulation frequency, temperature, extracelular Ca2+, adrenaline and ryanodine (blocker of the sarcoplasmic reticulum SR). The species showed a significant increase in the fH during the transition from 25 to 35º C, showing the importance of the chronotropic adjustments in response to thermal alterations and a great tolerance and adaptation to different thermal conditions. The species did show significant decreases in the twitch force (Fc) development by the ventricular strips during the increases of temperature. The addition of crescent Ca2+ concentrations to the medium evidenced the importance of the extracellular Ca2+ as showed by the Fc increases at both 25 and 35º C. Concomitant increases in in TPT and THR here recorded at 25 ºC while at 35º C, such increases were observed only in TPT. Adrenaline caused positive inotropism only at 35º C, without effect on time-dependent parameters. The post rest tension was conducted with and without 10 µM ryanodine in the medium. A significant post rest potentiation was recorded for at 25 and 35o C These post rest potentiations were inhibited by ryanodine. The impact of increases in the imposed contraction frequency caused a decline of the force and an increase in resting tension (RT) at both temperatures. In conclusion, an important fraction of the activator Ca2+ in P. lineatus seems to derive from intracellular stores (RS). However, this species also depends on extracellular sources of Ca2+, which provide more flexibility to modulate the contraction force.
Contribuição relativa do cálcio extracelular e do retículo sarcoplasmático para o desenvolvimento de força de contração cardíaca de jeju, Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-19)
Zanon, Jacqueline Aparecida Ratto
;
Kalinin, Ana Lúcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888
The present study anlyzed the in vivo and in vitro responses of the ventricular myocardium obtained from Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus acclimated and tested at 25 ºC. The in vivo heart rate (fH bpm) was obtained (ECG recordings at lead DI of the electrocardiography) from electrodes inserted at cardiac region. Recordings of the isometric contraction force (Fc %) and time-dependent parameters (TPT time to peak tension; THR time to half relaxation) were obtainded in vitro from ventricle strips electrically paced in response to changes in stimulation frequency, extracelular Ca2+ and adrenaline concentrations, and ryanodine (blocker of the sarcoplasmic reticulum SR). The species presented resting fH values of 29.3 ± 0.31 bpm. The increase in twitch force following addition of crescent Ca2+ concentrations to the medium evidenced the importance of the extracellular Ca2+ for the heart contraction. Significant changes in the time-dependent parameters after increments in the Ca2+ extracellular concentration were not recorded. The post rest tension was analyzed with and without addition of 10 µM ryanodine to the medium. A significant post rest potentiation was recorded for the control preparations (100 to 168.3 ± 11.44 %). However, this post rest potentiation was inhibited by ryanodine (100 to 108.6 ± 4.7 %). The impact of increases in the imposed contraction frequency caused a decline of Fc, TPT and THR in frequencies ≥ 0.4 Hz. During increases in frequency, the pre-treatment with ryanodine decreased force only at the highest frequency (38 % at 1.2 Hz), while TPT decreased at 0.6 Hz and THR remained constant. The combination of ryanodine and a tonic level of adrenaline (10-9 M) did not prevent the force decline as frequency was increased. Adrenergic stimulation with a high level of adrenaline (10-6 M) after pretreatment with ryanodine caused positive inotropy in a magnitude that ameliorated the negative inotropic effect of ryanodine. In conclusion, H. unitaeniatus seems to present well-developed intracellular stores of activator Ca2+, resembling those of mammals rather than of terrestrial ectothermic vertebrates. As a difference, this species also depends on extracellular sources of Ca2+ which provide more flexibility to modulate the contraction force.
A proposta política de um município para a inclusão escolar: um tema, vários olhares.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-20)
Fragelli, Patrícia Maria
;
Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
The general aim of the present study was to investigate how the current public policies of educational inclusion have been translated by different educational agents, inserted in the context of regular education. We attempted at interpreting a same theme: educational inclusion policies , through the eyes of several educational agents. The research was made at municipal schools, during the administrative period between the years of 2001 and 2004. It was a qualitative research kind, in which the following subjects participated: two elementary school teachers, cycle I ( 3rd and 4th grades); an elementary municipal school director; an educational therapist who worked for the Municipal Education Office, with children considered in high risk situation; a pedagogy specialist, member of the State Education Office, who worked with minority groups inclusion, specially black minorities; and an educational therapist, responsible for the special education area, in the State Education Office. The theoretical approach on which this research was based on regarded the production of teachers knowledge and the investigations which try to understand the teacher s practical thought, his/her values, believes and reflective capacity. The data collecting procedures were divided into four steps: questionnaire application; interviews; observations and documental analysis. This study did not intend to provide ready to make recipes or elaborate a manual on how to handle inclusion; on the contrary, we tried to better understand how the established policies in theoretical terms have been made effective in the practical context and which feelings, perceptions and difficulties are faced by the ones who experienced it in their every day lives. The data collection and analysis allowed us to better understand the issue investigated, giving voices to the ones directly involved in the process, as well as provided interesting information to new research, supplying meaningful data which can be considered in the effective proposal for inclusive education. The main results obtained indicate that the different educational agents have different views on inclusive education policies, which make their actions distinctive. While administrators (members of the State Education Office) see some possibilities and no difficulties in the translation of the established policies, the teachers signed with a feeling of not being prepared and of difficulty in executing their role as professionals with an inclusive posture. We verified also the necessity of reevaluating the teaching degree courses, contemplating in their curricular framework disciplines related to the inclusion. Through this investigation it was possible to verify that all the subjects established rich and meaningful criteria in the attempt to understand and favor the inclusive process.
Processo de desenvolvimento de produtos na indústria de revestimentos cerâmicos: estudo de caso em fabricantes que utilizam o processo de moagem a úmido, de moagem a seco e colorifícios.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-20)
Romachelli, João Celso
;
Martins, Manoel Fernando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921504261628850
The increase of the competitiveness in the markets, demand products with high quality and that they are developed of form the one that the companies present fast cycle of development, high performance, and low cost. Some tools of the production engineering are available of form to optimize and to become more previsible the happened results of the process of development of products. An important aspect in the PDP, is the possible contribution of the supplier, combining itself since the stages initiates, of form to optimize performance ace characteristic, to reduce risks and to optimize the innovative process. The ceramic tiles industry Brazilian particularly can be characterized by producers that use water process and dry process. The industry that uses the dried milling process has grown of significant form from the beginning of years 90, producing currently about 60% of the national production. The ceramic tiles industry historically uses the supplier as collaborating in the development of products. In Brazil more specifically the role played for the suppliers of inputs for ceramic glazes is important. Considering itself that the common suppliers are ace industries that use the dry process and the water process, this work effects an exploratory boarding on the process of development of products in the ceramic tiles industry. Case studies were done in seven companies tiles manufacturers and three glazes suppliers. One concludes that the industry independently of the competitive strategy, must structuralize and co-ordinate better the PDP preventing the extreme dependence of suppliers. And that the established scene privileges more than proportionally, the industry that uses dry process.
Adaptação, implantação e avaliação de uma proposta de manufatura responsiva para a indústria de calçados: pesquisa-ação.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-21)
Gracia, Eduardo
;
Fernandes, Flavio Cesar Faria
Nowadays enterprises are structuring themselves to become competitive in the world market. In the footwear business the search for competitiveness is even greater as this sector is highly dependent on labour and its products follow international fashion trends which make internal organisation and production and planning control (PPC) extremely difficult. A lot of research has been carried out to contribute to the improvement of this sector and this work is going to complement this body of research, helping the national footwear industry enterprises to become more competitive. The aim of this study is to adapt, implement and evaluate a model proposed in a doctorate thesis concerning a new approach of Responsive Manufacturing through action-research in a footwear factory. The object of study was a children s footwear factory in the city of Birigui in São Paulo state, whose workers had a strong influence on the research, thus characterising it as action-research. Considering these facts, it was possible to achieve the study s aim and to initiate the implementation of the Responsive Manufacturing paradigm in the footwear industry. Among the results obtained, we can highlight the following: reduction of production and labour costs; an increase in the amount of orders supplied within the deadlines; and the decrease of rework level. All these results also contribute to reducing the existing gap between theory and practice in Production Engineering studies and open up opportunities for new research in the footwear industry sector.
Educação agora é para a vida? A marca social do ensino médio no Brasil.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-21)
Ramos, Carlos Alexandre
;
Nosella, Paolo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7159165045266256
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0352823597245001
This text intends the recognition historic-philosophic of the High School social mark in Brazil. It is understood by social marc from Antonio Gramsci s concept that each social group has its own kind of school, destined to perpetuate in these groups a predetermined traditional, directive or instrumental function. We intend to show as the duality of the Brazilian education was reduced along the years and reflected in the plans, edicts, laws, and High School proposals. The Federal Government supported that the educational reformations occurred since the nineties under the denomination of New High School promoted the unification of the middle school, but, we are going to point out how these reformations deepened even more the education duality and, consequently, of the Brazilian society. It is necessary to investigate the concept of unitary school defended by Gramsci so we understand that the idea of unitary means to overcome the different and far from each other social classes partitions, aiming to eliminate the separation between governor and governed. This proposal does not happen as an immediate and social capitalist tear down structure revolution, but it demands a work of space occupation in the democratic society and in the cultural field, interacting in the political society and in the civil society in the State amplifying gramsciano. It is illusion or cynicism to fetch the unitary school just by the means of documents and laws, or treat it as a mere pedagogical problem, without historizing the concept of education in a socialist perspective and facing it in the social and political clash the possibility of the subaltern classes hegemony construction. Or else, the duality of the education only will be overcome in the perspective of the social and cultural duality surpass. The reformation proposals, including the one called New High School, did not meet these socialist aspirations of a unitary school defended by the educators due to obvious reality: they were neither based on a socialist society project nor foresaw the investment of inaudible resources in the teaching structures. We are also going to denunciate the fragility of the world educational consensus defended by international agencies, which reduce the educational problems to a merely conceptual or pedagogic question. As for this, it is going to be pointed out in the centrality of the strategic speeches of the education in the knowledge society (or postindustrial) its limits and implications. The certainties divulged about the current educational model in the country hide a clear separation among social classes, currently presented with the idea of individual differences generated by the knowledge level of each one, characterizing his/her employability capacity and insertion in the work market. As for it requires an analysis of the difference between educating for the work world and not just for the work market . All in all, the legalist and bureaucratic way with which it is tried to transform the Brazilian education is inefficient and inefficacious. The social mark of the High School was deepened, as well as the class separation. Besides this, in Brazil it is accepted as an almost mechanic link between the education and the citizenship notion, revalidating its sad condition inherited from centuries of discriminatory exclusion and separation between the poor and the rich, between included people and excluded people , between first class citizen and second class citizen.
Estudo sobre a ocorrência e caracterização das Partículas de Exopolímeros Transparentes (TEP) no reservatório de Barra Bonita e sua colonização por bactérias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-28)
Fatibello, Silvia Helena Saboya Arruda
;
Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272
TEP (Transparent Exopolymer Particles) have a great importance in the microbiological processes, in the carbon cycle and in food chain dynamics of the aquatic ecosystems. These particles are composed by a gel matrix formed mainly by acid polysaccharides dissolved and/or colloidal those are released by phytoplankton microorganisms. TEP are abundant in the oceans and in fresh waters and they have a dimension that varies from some micra to millimeters. This current work has the main objective of quantify and study the distribution per range of the TEP present in Barra Bonita reservoir water column in the Tietê River in the period between September of 2002 and January of 2004. Further the bacteria attached to TEP were quantified as well as preliminary protocols were established to the biological molecular analysis (DNA extraction, PCR e DGGE) of the bacteria attached to the TEP. During this study, the TEP concentration (> 1 µm), determined by a spectrophotometric method developed in this thesis, varied from 0.02 to 3.10 equiv. GX µg mL-1 and by light microscopy from 5.4 x 103 to 1.6 x 105 particles mL-1. Although, during the study period, the average concentrations did not suffer significant variations because of the unstable and dynamic system with constant changes of the Barra Bonita reservoir nature. The abundance of TEP size decreased with the increase of the particles diameter show by the equation N = kdp -β used in studies of this nature. In this equation k is related to particles concentration and β is to particles distribution per class size. In this work the k value varied from 2.40 x 104 to 3.86 x 10 6 particles mL-1 and β value from 0.2 to 2.5, indicating a predominance of particles of smaller size in the reservoir. Regarding bacteria attached to TEP, they were found on the surface and in the interior of the particles in average concentrations varying from 9 to 45 bacteria (TEP)-1, showing that not all TEP were colonized by bacteria. The number of bacteria attached to TEP can not be related to the particle surface or volume. Considering the total of bacteria numbered by fluorescence microscopy, the percentage of bacteria attached to TEP varied from 6.9 to 80.3%. The adequation of protocols to the extraction and amplification of the DNAr 16S of the bacteria attached to TEP from the water samples were performed with success and the use of PCR/DGGE techniques in these samples showed high diversity of bacteria community attached to TEP.
Estruturação genética em populações do tangará-dançarino Chiroxiphia caudata (Aves, Pipridae) no corredor costeiro da Mata Atlântica (SP) e sua importância para a conservação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-29)
Francisco, Mercival Roberto
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4305313620456233
Neotropical passerine birds that inhabit forests understory are thought to be highly sedentary, which may result in greater genetic differentiation among populations than in temperate species. The species of the genus Chiroxiphia (Pipridae) perform highly specialized courtship displays in which males aggregate at traditional arenas, or ``leks´´, performing a precopulatory dance. Each lek consists of 2-6 males, where a linear dominance hierarchy exists. With rare exceptions, the dominant male perform all of the copulations, resulting in one of the highest variances in male mating success ever demonstrated in vertebrates. Since subordinate males (beta) expend energy dancing, increasing the fitness of the alpha male, without receiving any immediate benefit, it has been hypothesized that kin selection could be involved, providing a genetic payoff to the subordinate individuals. Considering that the leks locations are permanent, if kin selection is involved, male dispersal is expected to be limited at some level, while females, that are free to visit different leks, would be the more dispersive sex. Sedentariness associated with the high variance in male mating success, as well as the possibility of kin selection, make of these birds candidates to present high levels of interpopulation structuring. In this work we investigated the extent of variation within and among blue-manakin, Chiroxiphia caudata, populations using 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci, along a 415 km transect, which covers most of the extension of the largest remaining continuum of one of the most endangered ecosystem in the planet, the Brazilian Atlantic forest. Low but significant levels of differentiation were found across populations (FST = - 0.0002 to 0.023). This structuring must be mostly related to social aspects of the species, and three non exclusive hypothesis can be urged to explain it: (1) genetic drift due to the intra population smaller effective population size caused by the high variance in male mating success; (2) inbreeding if males contribute to more than one generation of females and (3) the existence of kin selection among males from the same lek. Besides, an isolation by distance pattern of differentiation was found, indicating that dispersal is at some level limited, which can also have contributed to the observed structuring. Thus, a significant part of the blue manakin genetic diversity was distributed among populations, even at such a limited geographic scale. When these continuous areas get disconnect reducing gene flow, these animals are probably much more prone to suffer inbreeding depression and loose alleles than species that are not naturally inbred, such as most of the temperate birds. In this scenario, preserving continuous areas must be essential to maintain the genetic diversity, and the continuous corridor here studied can be the last large genetic repository for many Atlantic forest organisms.
Estimação bayesiana para medidas de desempenho de testes diagnósticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-01-05)
Pinho, Eloísa Moralles do
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Achcar, Jorge Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3125027713681936
In the medical area, diagnostic tests are used to classify a patient as positive or negative with respect to a given disease. There are simple and more elaborate tests, each one with a speci9ed rate of misclassi9cation. To verify the accuracy of the medical tests, we could have comparisons with a "gold stantard", here is a test with no error. In many situations we could not have "gold standard", by ethical reasons or by chance that the individual is disease free or by high costs of the test. Joseph et al (1999) introduces a Bayesian approach that solves the lack of a gold standard, by using latent variables. In this work, we introduce this Bayesian methodology giving generalizations in the presence of covariates. A comparative study is made with the presence or not of gold standard to check the accuracy of the medical tests. Some diGerent proportions of patients without gold standard are considered in a simulation study. Numerical examples are considered using the proposed methodology. We conclude the dissertation assuming dependence among two or more tests.
Desenvolvimento e aplicação de um método para o mapeamento de competências em inteligência competitiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006-01-23)
Amaral, Roniberto Morato do
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Alliprandini, Dário Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6958372164719600
With the aim of contributing for the increase of the efficiency and effectiveness of the units of Competitive Intelligence (IC) in the ambit of the people's administration, the present research has as general objective to develop a systematic procedure to map knowledge, abilities and attitudes for IC professionals, based on the model of Administration of People for Competencies (APC). The research method that was adopted was the research-action and the application was carried out within the Center for Information Technology in Materials (NIT/Materiais) of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), specialized in accomplishing IC projects. The obtained results were: the identification of a group of referential competencies for IC professionals; the creation of a glossary of attributes of IC competencies (Knowledge, Abilities and Attitudes); the development of the tool Levantamento de Atributos, for the collection of information seeking the definition of the organizational competencies; and the formalization of the profile of competencies for the IC professionals of the studied organization. Starting from the obtained results and of the discussion raised around the thematic of the competencies in IC, it was possible to conclude that the APC model can contribute to the creation and development of more efficient and effective IC teams, in a process of continuous improvement.