Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2011-02-16"

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Habitus, expectativas e estratégias de formação e trabalho de alunos de escolas urbana e rural do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-16)
Faria, Renata Mantovani de
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Silva, Eduardo Pinto e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3492708361349827
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7199394993784804
O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de investigar e analisar o habitus e a construção de expectativas e estratégias de formação e trabalho de alunos de duas escolas públicas do Ensino Médio de um município do Estado de São Paulo, uma delas localizada na zona rural e outra na zona urbana. Para tal, levou-se em conta a socialização dos agentes e seus aspectos econômicos, sociais, culturais, familiares e subjetivos, com base na teoria de Bourdieu. A pesquisa de campo se deu através da aplicação de questionários e realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com alunos e algumas de suas mães. Buscamos fazer comparações entre os casos mais favorecidos, no que se refere às condições objetivas de distribuição dos diferentes capitais, mais identificados nos alunos da escola de zona urbana, com os casos de maior escassez, mais relativos aos alunos da escola de zona rural. Nos centramos na análise dos dados obtidos sobre os níveis de capital econômico, cultural e social dos alunos, bem como sobre as estratégias escolares e de trabalho deles e de seus familiares. Analisamos as estratégias com base na compreensão de sua relação com o habitus e modo de vida de cada estudante. Pudemos perceber que as expectativas de formação e trabalho dos alunos e as estratégias por eles lançadas antes e após a formação na Educação Básica relacionam-se ao habitus de cada um e às situações objetivas com as quais se deparavam. De modo geral, os alunos da zona urbana apresentavam expectativas mais altas com relação aos estudos que os alunos da zona rural. Consideramos que estes últimos, em função de práticas e disposições interiorizadas, predominantemente caracterizadas pela primazia do trabalho sobre o estudo, ainda que apresentassem expectativas relativas ao prolongamento da escolarização, tenderiam a permanecer tão somente em atividades de trabalho. Seus modos de vida e de socialização, muitos deles com ingresso no trabalho ainda quando crianças, assim como o capital cultural, elemento dificultador da continuidade dos estudos, seriam indicativos desta tendência. Já os alunos da escola urbana, cujas condições objetivas de vida, expressas em capitais cultural e social ligeiramente mais substantivos que os primeiros e por práticas e estratégias de estudo e trabalho, de certo modo, diferenciados, apresentavam maior interesse de ingresso no ensino superior, ainda que condicionados à conciliação com o trabalho em alguns casos. De modo geral, os sonhos e ambições revelados pelos estudantes nem sempre correspondiam às suas práticas e com o que era vivenciado na realidade objetiva, de forma que muitos tenderiam a restringir suas ações em conformidade com aquilo que realmente seria mais provável e/ou possível de se realizar, em detrimento de ideais que potencialmente pudessem transformar seus modos de vida. A importância dos prolongamentos dos estudos apresentou-se, assim, como desejável, mas nem sempre factível. Não obstante a força da reprodução do habitus e modos de vida e socialização sejam condizentes à causalidade do provável, é necessário reconhecer que as disposições interiorizadas e as condições objetivas, além de envolver contradições, são passíveis de mudanças, sendo o capital cultural e o social fatores fundamentais para tal.
Decomposição aeróbia e anaeróbia in vitro de Egeria densa Planch. e Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle de reservatórios tropicais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-16)
Castro, Wagner Antonio Chiba de
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Bianchini Júnior, Irineu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1886759094637829
In this study it was evaluated the aerobic and anaerobic decomposition of submerged macrophytes Egeria densa Planch. and Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle, major weeds in tropical reservoirs. It was evaluated the decay of organic matter, mineralization, humification degree of the leached, fiber content, conductivity and pH of the process and activity of cellulase enzymes, peroxidase and xylanase. Mathematical models have indicated relations between enzymatic patterns with decay of organic matter and carbon cycling. Analysis of ANCOVA and ANOVA were used to evaluate differences in the decay processes of the species. The two species showed the same heterogeneous pattern of decay of organic matter and carbon mineralization, however, different patterns of decay patterns of the fiber fraction. Incubations of both species had low values of half life for the mineralization of POC, low mineralization of DOC and high enzymatic activity, especially peroxidase, correlated to high rates of decay of fiber content, mainly lignin. The incubations of the two species exhibited different oxygen consumption, probably due to the different composition of fibers. It was conclude that these macrophytes found in tropical reservoirs may cause changes in the environment metabolism. In this context it is important to study the decomposition of invasive species and their cycles for modeling parameterization of patterns of nutrient cycling in these environments.
Incontinência urinária de esforço: análise de conceito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-16)
Thomazini, Janaina Ornelas
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Napoleão, Anamaria Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2688887423330459
Urinary Incontinence (UI) is considered to be a global problem that affects both men and women. Among the existing types of the condition, the Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI) is more evident, given its expressive prevalence. The SUI is categorized as a nursing diagnosis (ND) according to the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International (NANDA-I), a situation that highlights the importance of study development in this area by nurses. The general objectives of this paperwork are: to perform a concept analysis of the stress urinary incontinence, and to compare the concept analysis results to the nursing diagnosis Stress urinary incontinence presented at NANDA-I taxonomy II. The concept analysis was preformed based on Walker and Avant (2005). A literature review was performed on the PubMed, CINAHL and LILACS databases. 810 studies were identified, among which 34 studies that included all the necessary elements for the concept analysis were chosen to comprise the sample. In order to identify the concept uses, textbooks on urology and materials obtained through websites of professional associations were consulted. The concept analysis allowed us to point out that the SUI concept is used mainly in the health services area. The comparison to NANDA-I s SUI nursing diagnosis led to the suggestion that other studies ought to be carried out in order for the definition to be changed to: Involuntary leakage of urine during activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure, without detrusor contraction Suggested adaptations have been made to the existing defining characteristics, with the inclusion of: reported involuntary urine leakage during sexual intercourse (climacturia and/or during penetration); observed or reported involuntary urine leakage during pregnancy; urine leakage during stress test (Valsalva Maneuver, Cough Test and Stress Test at supine position); specific alterations at the urodynamic test (such as lower maximum urethral closing pressure; lower leakage pressure upon stress). Regarding the related factors, we suggest that the term weakening be replaced with dysfunction on the related factor weakening of the pelvic floor muscle . Also among the related factors, we suggest the inclusion of: levator ani muscle dysfunction; pudendal nerve dysfunction; and bladder neck hypermobility and/or urethral hypermobility. The consequences also reflect upon the social and psychological aspects of an individual, resulting in life quality impairment. Empirical references or possible methods for SUI diagnosis confirmation are mainly: history, detailed physical examination and urodynamic tests to identify the exact cause. This study indicates the possibility of contributions to NANDA-I Stress urinary incontinence diagnosis, and provides nurses with support for a better understanding of the matter, which may contribute to a more effective approach of the care planning aimed at patients that present this condition.
Obtenção de nanopartículas coloidais de trifluoreto de itérbio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-16)
Silva, Patricia Batista Teixeira da
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Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7720754304065239
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7261041513767903
Radiopaque dental composites are materials that have attracted great scientific and technological interest due to their different optical and mechanical properties when compared to polymer-based dental materials. In this work, dental resin nanocomposites were prepared with the assynthesized YbF3 nanoparticles by mixing the components in the colloidal state. YbF3 nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal processing. In this method, it was added an aqueous solution containing YbCl3 and Na3C6H5O7.2H2O. Additionally, NH4F and NaBF4 were used as fluoride source. Resulting in nanoparticles with average size around 10 nm, which consisted of orthorhombic phase. In addition, nanocomposites were prepared with the dental resin YbF3 obtained. Which showed higher radiopacity than the tooth tissue with 20% in weight (w/w) using the as-synthesized YbF3 nanoparticles.
O(s) obscuro(s) dizer(es) de mães sobre o autismo de seus filhos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-16)
Telles, Cynara Maria Andrade
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Romão, Lucília Maria Sousa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8828821460772801
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7040619427859244
Listening to the mothers of autistic children is the aim of this work in order to look, at the materiality of these discourses, new senses and meanings to the pathology of autism and the (non) place given to mothers at the scientific universe. Through interviews, we undertook an interpretive gesture of the subjects discoursive singularity using as theoretical framework the french Discourse Analysis, which takes his place on the science being supported by the materiality of the spoken and written language that is documented by the mankind and contextualized in a specific historical process. The Discourse Analysis is a subject of interpretation whose methodology is working the circularity of a discourse that has already said, with senses that have already made legitimate, before and somewhere and the possibility of opening new meanings through the drift, the paraphrase and the metaphor. The aim of this work was to explore, by the listening of these mothers, some issues involving the subject and its discursive positions, from a particular social and historical context and set in the universe of language, considering the subject proposed by the Discourse Analysis as the main concept of this work. The interest in the subject emerged from the experience in an institution that served cases of children s mental illness, and the listening of the mothers stories happened through the difficulty to involve them in the work with their children, which it began with the diagnosis and was followed by clinical and pedagogical treatment. It was observed that, in the course of time and after the diagnosis, the mothers put their autistic children in the focus of their lives and together with the institution, they needed to do their reports on the child. The most of them stopped working, the relationship with their husband had serious difficulties, the attention to the other children was affected and the hope of a big improvement was running out. In most cases, the mothers were responsible for the work of their children in school, however, they almost didn t take part in the treatment. We noticed the effects of a discourse of authority (the scientific discourse) on the discourse of mothers, who weren t licensed to know about the problem, as well as the silencing of their dreams and desires; When these women were deprived of their place of exemplary mother, loving wife and woman they started protecting themselves against the pain through the denial, repeating the gesture of their autistic children. The interest in listening to these mothers has increased when we consider the term "refrigerator mothers" after the publication of the first work about the issue whose author was Leo Kanner, the first researcher who defined the pathology of autism as an isolated aspect, describing the mothers of these children as emotionally cold. In this metaphor, we observe an effect of sense on this subject-mother determining by the memory a discursive formation that has been causing effects of freeze of its discourses, which can be evidenced by scarce specialized treatment centers for cases of autism that orient themselves in humanistic theories; on the other hand, there is a growing trend in works that are based on organicist theories and lead to a larger deletion of a place of legitimacy for these mothers. Three discursive entries were selected for the analysis, the first one was the listening of mothers childhood memories about their relationships with family, the marks of this period that have determined the ways how their love choices were meant and which in turn constitute the second entry that broaches the mothers discourses about their wishes to compose their families; lastly, the third one was the listening of the effects of the child s diagnosis, because it s interesting for some researchers to investigate the previous history of autistic children like the ways how they were meant and put in discourse before and after of their birth.
Gestão da qualidade em serviços médico-hospitalares de pequeno e médio porte: pesquisa-ação e sistemática para implantação da acreditação hospitalar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-16)
Alástico, Gabriel Pedro
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Toledo, José Carlos de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9051672716831147
The brazilian s Public Health System is characterized, in general, by precarity from its procedure and its services. This situation can be observed in the high time of waiting by an appointment, in the lack of beds, in the lack of training and education of the professionals from the Healthy Sector. This setting results in accumulation of procedure s errors and, in consequence, in a fall in the Health services quality. This reality exists, in part, because of the deficiency in the public health care service s management system. Nowadays, there are efforts from the government and the health care institutions in order to implement Quality Management programs and a management s structured systematic. These efforts aim to promote the guarantee and the improvement of the health care services. This dissertation aims to carry out the adjustment of the management of a public Health Care institution of smallsized localized in the interior of Sao Paulo (Institution A) according to the NAO s (National Accreditation Organization) requirement for Full Accreditation level by means of an Action Research. Besides, it proposes an orientative systematic for implementation of the level Full Accreditation in health care institutions of the small or medium-sized. As a subsidy for the Action Research, a Case Research was carried out in six health care institutions. This thematic needs more studies and experiences. The professionals of Health Brazilian Sector don t understand the Accreditation s concepts. The Action Research to begin to the adjustment of Hospital School s management, but it didn t was concluded integrally due to the short time period. A systematic was proposed for Health Care Institutions of small or medium-sized to adjust the management according to the NAO s Full Accreditation level.
Investigação microestrutural e estudo das propriedades mecânicas da liga de alumínio AA2139 T3 e T8 soldadas por Friction Stir Welding - FSW
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17)
Saccon, Vinícius Toledo
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Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1073561427009173
Aluminum alloys have low density and high corrosion resistance, and because of that this alloys are being increasingly used in aircraft industry. However, a downside of this alloys is its weldability in fusion process, which can generate defects such as H2`s porosity and formation of high temperatures cracks limiting its applicability. Seeking an alternative process, it was developed a solid state welding process called Friction Stir Welding - FSW. The main advantage of this process is that welding occurs at a temperature below the melting temperature of the material, eliminating defects from solidification. Since its invention, the FSW gets world attention, because structural alloys with difficult weldability showed excellent results metallurgical and mechanical after welding. Therefore, in this study the aluminum alloy AA2139 was welded by FSW, a structural alloy with a high potential for aerospace applications due to good combination of strength and fatigue and fracture toughness. Thus, it was evaluated the mechanical and metallurgical behavior of aluminum alloy AA2139 under different conditions of heat treatment, T3 and T8. The microstructural features were investigated using optical and electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) as well as the mechanical behavior was determined by bending testing, microhardness profiles, conventional tensile testing (including system analysis of deformation - ARAMIS) and tensile testing using micro-samples and also the temperature measurements were performed during welding. The results showed that welds in alloy AA2139-T3 and AA2139-T8 may show different results, even using the same tool and the same welding parameters. Moreover, the temperature reached during welding affects the precipitation in the welded region which determines the performance of the weld.
Enfrentando desafios e construindo possibilidades - a experiência da equipe no processo de incubação de um empreendimento solidário formado por usuários de um CAPS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17)
Tagliaferro, Priscila
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Filizola, Carmen Lúcia Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5877279970535914
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6317005527081302
The national policy on mental health, guided by a psychosocial rehabilitation, aimed at social inclusion of people with mental disorders. The social inclusion perspective in the work of Solidarity Economy is the newest strategy for rehabilitation. The articulation of the actors in the field of mental health and solidary economy of a city in São Paulo state was created in 2006, a solidary group, the Recriart in the incubation process through partnership between the Center for Psychosocial Care of San Carlos and Regional Incubator Popular Cooperatives (INCOOP), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). Incubation is a process of advisory to groups for the formation and consolidation of economic enterprises. The method of incubation of INCOOP/UFSCar comprises sixteen classes of behaviors. This qualitative study has aimed to examine the team's experience in the Recriart s incubation process, having as theoretical Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Solidary Economic. Also it had as objective the description and reflection of the group s incubation process, which was performed by inserting the researcher in the context, of consultation documents and information collected from the coordination group. To review the experience of incubation s team, we conducted semistructured interviews. Interview data were analyzed using content analysis, thematic category proposed by Bardin. All ethical guidelines were followed. First we present and reflect about the process of incubation of the group, guided by the methodology of INCOOP. This process emphasizes the importance of partnership built to strengthen and consolidate of the group. Analysis of interviews revealed four themes: Considering the incubation as a process - learning and finding the meanings of being supported; Pointing facilities and difficulties in the construction of the achievement; Viewing the results inclusion by the work - realizing the improvement of users; Pointing necessities for changes in the process, hoping for greater user autonomy and formalization of the venture. Upon hearing the experience of the team we realize this experience is a new and rewarding job because it enables learning, knowledge exchange and relationship with users, although there are conflicts in relationships. Reflecting about the coach function we can recognized them as an educator/facilitator of the process, since it supports the group in all activities, making with them and not by them which which represents the right to health protection. In addition to the facilities, the team faces challenges also present in the solidary economy enterprises related to inadequate income, the construction of autonomy and the effectiveness of self management. In relation to autonomy it is necessary for precise definition of this concept among the techniques. Although there are challenges, the team recognizes the importance of work for the life of users pointing advances in autonomy and improvements in technical skills for the job. The team also shows changes required for growth/development of the group related to greater autonomy and formalization of the venture. View of the above, we hope this research can contributes to the reflection of other experiences and also to knowledge about the incubation methodology in mental health.
Aprendizado semissupervisionado através de técnicas de acoplamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17)
Duarte, Maisa Cristina
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Hruschka Júnior, Estevam Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2097340857065853
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7878297791371477
Machine Learning (ML) can be seen as research area within the Artificial Intelligence (AI) that aims to develop computer programs that can evolve with new experiences. The main ML purpose is the search for methods and techniques that enable the computer system improve its performance autonomously using information learned through its use. This feature can be considered the fundamental mechanisms of the processes of automatic learning. The main goal in this research project was to investigate, propose and implement methods and algorithms to allow the construction of a continuous learning system capable of extracting knowledge from the Web in Portuguese, throughout the creation of a knowledge base which can be constantly updated as new knowledge is extracted.
Risco de lesão do trato urinário inferior pelo uso de cateter vesical de demora: proposta de um diagnóstico de enfermagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17)
Santos, Elaine Cristina dos
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Napoleão, Anamaria Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0538631112822723
Vesical catheterization is one of the most frequently performed invasive interventions in the hospital and its indications are of fundamental importance for the patients that need it. Their insertion, maintenance and withdrawal are under responsibility of nursing team. However, the use of an indwelling catheter can result in complications. In this context, nursing plays a critical role, since most of the complications are likely to be prevented through specific interventions. This study aimed to identify the evidences available in the literature on the risks of injury to the low urinary tract due the use of indwelling catheters and to examine how the risk of injury by the use of indwelling catheters can be approached through the Nursing Diagnosis of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association - International (NANDA-I). From an integrative literature review, 32 studies were included, 22 were selected from PubMed, 4 in LILACS, 3 in The Cochrane Library and 3 in CINAHL. The predominant studies identified were case studies and actualizations. About the year of publication, 46.9% were published in the interval from 2000 to 2009. About the main investigator 62.5% were physicians ant it was noted a predominance of articles published in journals of urology. Complications identified were grouped into three categories: injuries, complications secondary to injuries and others. From this identification, the factors that contribute to the development of lesions were identified making it possible to perform a fundamental analysis for the identification of risk factors for low urinary tract injury due the use of indwelling catheters. The results revealed an absence in NANDA-I of a nursing diagnosis that portray the human response on the vulnerability of people undergoing the use of indwelling catheters, and it was suggested, based on Scroggins (2010), that a new nursing diagnosis, Risk of injury to the lower urinary tract can be considered to inclusion as a nursing diagnosis. It is expected that the recognition of risk factors relating to this type of injury can contribute to increase the effectiveness in the development of nursing care plans.
A formação de mecânicos de manutenção aeronáutica e a segurança de voo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17)
Freitas, Jefferson Roberto de
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Gregolin, José Angelo Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842651773105125
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4551899463699350
The airline industry worldwide has brought great benefits to society, affecting the economic, social and environmental sustainability, including the most diverse and cultural people around the world. This has been reflected by the increased new aircraft sales each year, and the flight safety is one of the most important and challenging factors to achieve and keep the trust of the users and the perpetuity of this transport. The flight safety is associated with both aircraft manufacturing and maintenance, where the maintenance technician plays a key role. Training and upgrading of the professional regulation and education involve theoretical and practical knowledge, which should be given special attention to human factors and ways to prevent human errors for incidents and accidents in aviation. Despite its importance, this issue has not been investigated like it would be, especially in Brazil. The objective of this research is to analyze the current situation of aircraft maintenance mechanics training with emphasis on flight safety, using an exploratory method. The results point to an increased trend of incidents and accidents in this transport sector, including the factors associated with human failings; and to the relevance of place greater emphasis on flight safety into Brazilian regulations that standardize the graduation of airplane maintenance mechanics. It has been also recommended that the curriculum and other requirements for such training be compatible with the technological innovation speed for new and old airplanes. Increased collaboration between companies and schools can also bring benefits and the regional maintenance center of Sao Carlos, Araraquara and Ribeirao Preto has potential for that. It is also suggested that such revision on the Brazilian national regulations has as reference some consultations with people involved on this market, taking into account relevant international regulations.
Produtividade na indústria brasileira entre 1990 e 2002: comparação entre indústrias de processo e de montagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17)
Andrade, Márcio Rodrigues de
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Pinho, Marcelo Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8320037473275861
The purpose of this research is to determine and analyze the differences in the behavior of labor productivity between the process industry and assembly industry in the period 1990 to 2002. The main hypothesis which led to implementation of the study was that labor productivity growth in the assembly industry would have been higher than the labor productivity growth in the process industry. The reason for this lay in evidence in the literature showing that the adjustment of firms to new competitive context of the Brazilian economy was, mainly in their initial stages, through the adoption of modern management techniques and tools that were based on the toyota production system or lean production. Also according to this type of literature, such techniques and tools were most appropriate, and therefore more widespread, in the assembly industry. To achieve the objective and confirm or refute the hypothesis, the work was divided into four chapters. The first deals with the process of globalization and related issues, such as changes in industrial structure and economic reforms. The second chapter is devoted to discussing the concept of productivity and the results of several studies on the behavior of productivity in the Brazilian economy. The third chapter presents the characteristics of the process industry and industrial assembly.. The fourth chapter presents the methodology used to calculate the labor productivity in these different industries and presents also the results of calculations of labor productivity for the process industry and assembly industry made from three databases made available by IBGE. The main conclusion was that, especially in the period 1990 to 1996, growth in labor productivity in the assembly industry was actually higher than the growth of productivity in the process industry.
Política e derrisão em vídeomontagens do Youtube : uma leitura discursiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17)
Araújo, Lígia Mara Boin Menossi de
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7893136450669304
Au Brésil et à l'étranger, nombreux travaux de recherche tant dans le domaine des sciences politiques et sociales et les sciences du langage, en particulier dans le domaine des études du discours, ont pris le discours politique comme un objet digne de réflexion. Cependant, il existe peu de travaux qui était davantage axée sur le long discours politiques pris en dérision, surtout étant donné que la circulaire par les supports virtuels. Notre travail de thèse essaie de faire face à cette lacune peu la réflexion sur la dérision le discours politique affiché sur le site YouTube. Pour notre recherche, nous avons sélectionné quatre vidéomontages intitulée: Lula les analphabètes; Lula Drunk, Lula apelle électorat de pédé et Rejette alimentaire dans Aerolula et Nouvelles Perles de la Sagesse de Lula da Silva qui circulent dans le site www.youtube.com.br. Tous ces vidéomontages avait comme cible dérision alors candidat Luis Inacio Lula da Silva aux élections présidentielles brésiliennes de 2006. Pour aborder cet sujet multimodal fusionne signifiants matériel différent, à chercher refuge dans l'orientation théorique et méthodologique de l'analyse du discours en français et aussi des réflexions de Mikhaïl Bakhtine, Simone Bonnafous, Arnaud Mercier, Beth Brait, Sírio Possenti et Dominique Maingueneau. Comme une démarche méthodologique, nous cherchons à comprendre les vidéomontages dans le battre description / interprétation, expliquant les régularités de l'énonciation des signifiants différents matériaux qui composent ce genre. Ainsi, d'abord, nous traitons les constituants du genre vídeomontagem (style, verbale, de la structure thématique et composition), puis a cherché à différencier la dérision des autres objets discursifs qui donnent aussi la lecture / comment l'humour et finalement levé l'régularités de dérisoire discours politique dérisoire dont ciblage de ridicularise était alors candidat Luis Inacio Lula da Silva de données circulant sur YouTube. En termes de conclusion, les résultats montrent que, outre le rire moqueur discours politique dans votre cause et partie, et tendant à leur adhésion à un point de vue particulier - comme ils l'affirment la grande majorité des travaux qui a pour objet de dérision réflexion - ce discours sur YouTube (re) construire l'histoire politique de la nation.
Um modelo de simulação de sistemas aplicado à programação da produção de um frigorífico de peixe
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Pereira, Carla Roberta
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Costa, Miguel Antonio Bueno da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6148011136943940
The necessity for making production processes more efficient and effective is the desire of any organization. For this to become reality and does not generate high investment is necessary to use techniques that assist in improvement of the production process along with a appropriate schedule of productive resources. Among these techniques, the Simulation assists effectively those improvements, because it seeks to import the reality for a controlled environment, under several conditions, without physical risks and/or high costs involved. This technique becomes even more useful in growing markets, such as the tilapiculture. With the emergence of new fish processing facility, it is necessary a better organization in order to produce more adequately, serving its clients satisfactorily and expanding its business. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to develop a simulation model to assist the decision making about the production scheduling of a fish processing facility, located in the Sao Paulo state. To this end, it used as computational tool the software Arena, by Rockwell Software, and as research method the modeling and simulation, including in this the methodology SimuCAD and the development phases of a simulation model discussed by Banks (1998) and Law and Kelton (2000). With the construction of the model was able to work several alternative scenarios, testing different working hours, types of flows and production capacity, besides variations of the ending inventory in relation to sales. As result, it obtained a useful and differentiated model simulation to assist the decision making about production scheduling of fish processing facility studied, besides reducing the lead-time process and attending all the specific objectives established. At the end of this study, proposals for future research were suggested.
A formação inicial em serviço : lugar de encontro e de (re) significação do ser-saber-fazer de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Ramos, Rosenaide Pereira dos Reis
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Mizukami, Maria da Graça Nicoletti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505786125188829
This research focuses on teachers training and on the context of policies, practices, and modalities of higher education for in-service primary teachers according to The Law on Brazilian Education Guidelines and Bases (LDB) 9.394/96. The present study was carried out within the context of the performance of professors from Santa Cruz State University (UESC), in the state of Bahia, Brazil, who were also members of the professional team that worked on the process of development, implementation, and follow through of the curriculum development of the Pedagogy Course (2003-2007) of the PROAÇÃO - Program for In-Service Primary Teacher Education - provided for two hundred public school teachers in fourteen cities in the Southern region of the state of Bahia. According to the profile of the participants professional experience and the curricular activities developed, the object of study was defined as the course contributions to the teachers personal and professional dimensions. Based on the following question: How has the education process proposed by the PROAÇÃOUESC Pedagogy Course contributed for the teachers, who became students in the course, to find the (re) signification of the being-knowing-doing triad both personally and professionally? , the goal of this investigation was to indentify, analyze, and explain, from the teachers perspective, how the course, based on the development of the curriculum, has enabled the teachers to achieve personal and professional gains. In order to answer such question, considering the principles of a qualitative research approach and an analytical-descriptive study design based on theoretical and methodological considerations, this research was conducted with the collaboration of fifty former professors who answered a semi-structured questionnaire providing fundamental information to the understanding of some aspects of the course, such as the place for teachers to find the (re) signification of being-knowing-doing. The findings confirm the hypothesis of this study: the process of development and the practice and content of the curriculum of the Pedagogy PROAÇÃO-UESC, enabled the participant teachers to find their personal being and the professional knowing-doing resignifying their personal and professional practices. In addition, the results obtained also indicate the development of an educational process which corresponds to what researchers in education have been advocating in terms of considering the university as a provider of excellence in teacher education in order to, from the perspective of the identity and the personal and professional development, guarantee proper teachers education recognizing and valuing their knowledge, beliefs, culture, and values, and thus making them social agents with reflexive, critical, and innovative training committed to change people, contexts, and places.
Estudo da influência do glicerol no processo de deposição de ligas Zn-Mn e nos depósitos de Zn-Mn
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Araújo, Eliene Leandro de
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Carlos, Ivani Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1666217445807782
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8172549887540022
The influence of glycerol additive on the electrodeposition process of Zn-Mn on Pt substrate from acid baths by means of cyclic voltammetry and the characteristics of the coatings by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDS) and of X-ray diffraction (XRD) have been studied. The voltammograms for deposition of Zn-Mn obtained with 0 to 0.63 M glycerol and boric acid 0.080 M or 0.24 M, were, in general similar (presence of the cathodic wave c0, two cathodic peaks c1 and c2, an anodic peak a1 and a2 region formed by an anodic waves). The efficiency of the process of electrodeposition of Zn-Mn increased with the concentration of glycerol and was it lower than 100%. The analyses of the coatings by SEM showed that those obtained in the deposition potential of -1.19 V were not uniform, consisting of crystallites of different sizes. The only exception was for the deposit obtained with GLY 0.32 M which was more uniform and covered all the substrate of Pt. The electrodeposit analysis obtained by EDX did not indicate this Edep codeposition of Mn with Zn for most of the coatings while for some we cannot assure the presence of Mn. Those obtained at Edep= - 1.53 V from baths containing 0.080 M - 0.48 M GLY were dendritic, while the ones obtained in the presence of 0.63 M GLY were refined showing that this concentration of glycerol acted as a brightener. The XRD analyses showed that the electrodeposits were formed from Zn, Mn, oxides and alloys of different compositions. The smaller size of the glycerol molecule related to boric-sorbitol complex did not prevent the codeposition of Zn and Mn did not lead to a more compact deposit and did not significantly alter the composition of phases.
O trabalho em laboratório na indústria do petróleo: do procedimento à competência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Freitas, Elizabeth Garcia de
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Menegon, Nilton Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8092451536879504
This dissertation has been realized in a chemistry analysis laboratory inside a Brazilian oil refinery. From the initial demand to project and build a new laboratory in a specific refinery, in order to attend the current work and the future work load increase, a key question was raised, the necessity to understand the laboratory work reality face the prescribed work. This case study has analyzed the labor in many subunits, or, Production Centers of the studied laboratory according to the Ergonomics Analysis of Work approach. It dares the necessity to understand the work organization, positioning the activity as central to the analysis, and unfold issues such the human relations at work. After doing the observations, transcriptions, analyses and auto-confrontation it was realized that, although the procedures prescription has been prescribed by the workers themselves, it was relatively simple and did not take into account the variety of activities. Therefore the workers resort of many means that were learned, created or incorporated to execute the tasks. These information, variability and situations are managed by the worker´s competencies, and are highlighted through specific skills, from previous and acquired knowledge, and from past experience. Due the competency to deal with work in this environment, it may be said that the workers adopt individual and collective strategies to manage the work, overcome the variability and the existing risks in order to produce reliable certifications ensuring health and productivity.
A possibilidade de uma transformação social em Horkheimer: da teoria crítica à critica da razão instrumental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Guimarães, Nathalia Muylaert Locks
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Maar, Wolfgang Leo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8746615407370574
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5678781521077855
Análise da modulação autonômica cardíaca no pré e pósoperatório de cirurgia bariátrica e os efeitos de um programa de treinamento físico aeróbio em mulheres obesas mórbidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Castello, Viviane
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Silva, Audrey Borghi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8573168804662842
Bariatric surgery has proven to be a helpful technique in the clinical treatment of obesity. In particular, gastric bypass surgery (CBG) has shown favorable results in terms of length of weight loss but also in long-term maintenance. However, it remains unclear whether a short period of surgery can improve the changes in cardiac autonomic nervous system that obese individuals have and if a program of aerobic exercise after CBG may contribute to the improvement of those changes. In this context, we proposed the development of two studies that could contribute with new information. The first study, entitled "Impact of aerobic exercise training on heart rate variability and functional capacity in obese women after gastric bypass surgery" aimed to evaluate whether a program of physical training with aerobic exercise for 12-week is capable of modifying the heart rate variability (HRV) and functional capacity of severely obese women 4 months after GBS (4GBS). Twenty-one women were randomized into a training group (TG) (submitted to an aerobic exercise program of 36 sessions) or control group (CG) and tested on two occasions: one week before the GBS (BGBS) and 4GBS through the variables anthropometric, body composition, record of heart rate (HR) and RR interval (R-Ri), and 6-min walk test (6MWT). The main findings were that only the TG showed a significant increase in HRV indices and the walking distance after 12-week of aerobic physical training. In conclusion, 12-week of aerobic physical training improves cardiac autonomic modulation and functional capacity 4GBS. The second study, entitled "Variability and heart rate kinetics during 6-min walk test in morbidly obese women - effects of an aerobic exercise training after gastric bypass surgery" aimed to evaluate whether morbidly obese women have altered kinetic HR and HRV during the 6MWD test, and determine whether 12-week of aerobic physical training after GBS can modify these indexes. Nineteen morbidly obese women were randomized to TG (submitted to the same physical training program that the previous study) or group without training (GST) and 12 eutrophic woman were evaluated in the CG. The women were evaluated in two occasions: BGBS and 4GBS through anthropometric variables, pulmonary function and recording of HR and R-Ri during the 6MWT. The main findings were that: (1) obese women showed alterations the index rMSSD of HRV and in the HR kinetics during the 6MWT, and (2) only the TG showed significant improvement of the HR kinetics during the 6MWT after physical training. In conclusion, morbidly obese women have a slow response of the HR kinetics and cardiac autonomic modulation during the 6MWT, and 12-week of aerobic physical training after GBS is able to accelerate these responses.
Desenvolvimento de genossensores utilizando microbalança de cristal de quartzo e técnicas eletroquímicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Pedroso, Mariele Mucio
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Faria, Ronaldo Censi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8659496864305621
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9851115714877073
The proliferation of toxic algae in different oceans leads to great economic losses and environmental damage the mortality of marine animals such as mollusks and fish due to neurotoxins that they release into the environment. The reasons that lead to algal blooms are not fully understood and thus the monitoring of algae is extremely important. In this sense, the genosensors appear as promising tools for the detection of toxic algal blooms in coastal waters, as they offer the possibility of in situ detection with high sensitivity and selectivity. In this project we studied the processes of hybridization of DNA molecules without the use of marker molecules using electrochemical and microgravimetric techniques. Probes were used as partial sequences of primers of the gene encoding the ribosomal RNA sub-unit of the microalgae Alexandrium species. These species of algae produce neurotoxins that can accumulate in shellfish and are responsible for harm to human health. The probe DNA was immobilized by chemisorptions on the surface of a quartz crystal oscillating at 9 MHz third harmonic, 27 MHz. After the grounding of the probe, the crystals were exposed to target DNA molecules with sequence complementary to the probe and hybridization process was monitored in real time. The percentage of the crystal surface coverage and hybridization kinetics were monitored by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The area of the crystal suffered no links were filled with the reagent mercaptohexanol (MCH) and observed an improvement in the efficiency of hybridization. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used as a system for detection of DNA probe immobilization and hybridization with its complementary target, without the use of marker molecules. These events were monitored through changes in the electrical properties of the lead in media containing the redox couple [Fe(CN)6 3-/4-] before and after immobilization and hybridization. The analysis of xviii the impedance spectra showed an increase in Rct after the formation of doublestranded DNA, while the capacitance values remained unchanged after the modification of the electrode. The use of MCH during electrochemical measurements increased the efficiency of hybridization, in agreement with results obtained with the QCM technique. The technique of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) was used to evaluate the charge transfer process before and after modifications to the DNA molecules. The results obtained with the SECM technique (approach curves) are qualitatively in agreement with results obtained by the techniques of QCM, CV and EIS with the redox couple [Fe(CN)6 3-/4-]. A microarray for DNA was constructed and evaluated, showing a good response in the detection of different nucleic acid sequences simultaneously. The genossensor developed allowed us to distinguish between targets and probes with different sequences, complementary and not complementary. A procedure for the regeneration of genossensor was developed and allowed the reuse of the DNA biosensor twenty times, with the same sensitivity.