Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2011-02-16"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 6 de 6

Incontinência urinária de esforço: análise de conceito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-16) Thomazini, Janaina Ornelas; Napoleão, Anamaria Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2688887423330459
Urinary Incontinence (UI) is considered to be a global problem that affects both men and women. Among the existing types of the condition, the Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI) is more evident, given its expressive prevalence. The SUI is categorized as a nursing diagnosis (ND) according to the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International (NANDA-I), a situation that highlights the importance of study development in this area by nurses. The general objectives of this paperwork are: to perform a concept analysis of the stress urinary incontinence, and to compare the concept analysis results to the nursing diagnosis Stress urinary incontinence presented at NANDA-I taxonomy II. The concept analysis was preformed based on Walker and Avant (2005). A literature review was performed on the PubMed, CINAHL and LILACS databases. 810 studies were identified, among which 34 studies that included all the necessary elements for the concept analysis were chosen to comprise the sample. In order to identify the concept uses, textbooks on urology and materials obtained through websites of professional associations were consulted. The concept analysis allowed us to point out that the SUI concept is used mainly in the health services area. The comparison to NANDA-I s SUI nursing diagnosis led to the suggestion that other studies ought to be carried out in order for the definition to be changed to: Involuntary leakage of urine during activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure, without detrusor contraction Suggested adaptations have been made to the existing defining characteristics, with the inclusion of: reported involuntary urine leakage during sexual intercourse (climacturia and/or during penetration); observed or reported involuntary urine leakage during pregnancy; urine leakage during stress test (Valsalva Maneuver, Cough Test and Stress Test at supine position); specific alterations at the urodynamic test (such as lower maximum urethral closing pressure; lower leakage pressure upon stress). Regarding the related factors, we suggest that the term weakening be replaced with dysfunction on the related factor weakening of the pelvic floor muscle . Also among the related factors, we suggest the inclusion of: levator ani muscle dysfunction; pudendal nerve dysfunction; and bladder neck hypermobility and/or urethral hypermobility. The consequences also reflect upon the social and psychological aspects of an individual, resulting in life quality impairment. Empirical references or possible methods for SUI diagnosis confirmation are mainly: history, detailed physical examination and urodynamic tests to identify the exact cause. This study indicates the possibility of contributions to NANDA-I Stress urinary incontinence diagnosis, and provides nurses with support for a better understanding of the matter, which may contribute to a more effective approach of the care planning aimed at patients that present this condition.
Habitus, expectativas e estratégias de formação e trabalho de alunos de escolas urbana e rural do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-16) Faria, Renata Mantovani de; Silva, Eduardo Pinto e; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3492708361349827; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7199394993784804
O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de investigar e analisar o habitus e a construção de expectativas e estratégias de formação e trabalho de alunos de duas escolas públicas do Ensino Médio de um município do Estado de São Paulo, uma delas localizada na zona rural e outra na zona urbana. Para tal, levou-se em conta a socialização dos agentes e seus aspectos econômicos, sociais, culturais, familiares e subjetivos, com base na teoria de Bourdieu. A pesquisa de campo se deu através da aplicação de questionários e realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com alunos e algumas de suas mães. Buscamos fazer comparações entre os casos mais favorecidos, no que se refere às condições objetivas de distribuição dos diferentes capitais, mais identificados nos alunos da escola de zona urbana, com os casos de maior escassez, mais relativos aos alunos da escola de zona rural. Nos centramos na análise dos dados obtidos sobre os níveis de capital econômico, cultural e social dos alunos, bem como sobre as estratégias escolares e de trabalho deles e de seus familiares. Analisamos as estratégias com base na compreensão de sua relação com o habitus e modo de vida de cada estudante. Pudemos perceber que as expectativas de formação e trabalho dos alunos e as estratégias por eles lançadas antes e após a formação na Educação Básica relacionam-se ao habitus de cada um e às situações objetivas com as quais se deparavam. De modo geral, os alunos da zona urbana apresentavam expectativas mais altas com relação aos estudos que os alunos da zona rural. Consideramos que estes últimos, em função de práticas e disposições interiorizadas, predominantemente caracterizadas pela primazia do trabalho sobre o estudo, ainda que apresentassem expectativas relativas ao prolongamento da escolarização, tenderiam a permanecer tão somente em atividades de trabalho. Seus modos de vida e de socialização, muitos deles com ingresso no trabalho ainda quando crianças, assim como o capital cultural, elemento dificultador da continuidade dos estudos, seriam indicativos desta tendência. Já os alunos da escola urbana, cujas condições objetivas de vida, expressas em capitais cultural e social ligeiramente mais substantivos que os primeiros e por práticas e estratégias de estudo e trabalho, de certo modo, diferenciados, apresentavam maior interesse de ingresso no ensino superior, ainda que condicionados à conciliação com o trabalho em alguns casos. De modo geral, os sonhos e ambições revelados pelos estudantes nem sempre correspondiam às suas práticas e com o que era vivenciado na realidade objetiva, de forma que muitos tenderiam a restringir suas ações em conformidade com aquilo que realmente seria mais provável e/ou possível de se realizar, em detrimento de ideais que potencialmente pudessem transformar seus modos de vida. A importância dos prolongamentos dos estudos apresentou-se, assim, como desejável, mas nem sempre factível. Não obstante a força da reprodução do habitus e modos de vida e socialização sejam condizentes à causalidade do provável, é necessário reconhecer que as disposições interiorizadas e as condições objetivas, além de envolver contradições, são passíveis de mudanças, sendo o capital cultural e o social fatores fundamentais para tal.
Obtenção de nanopartículas coloidais de trifluoreto de itérbio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-16) Silva, Patricia Batista Teixeira da; Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7720754304065239; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7261041513767903
Radiopaque dental composites are materials that have attracted great scientific and technological interest due to their different optical and mechanical properties when compared to polymer-based dental materials. In this work, dental resin nanocomposites were prepared with the assynthesized YbF3 nanoparticles by mixing the components in the colloidal state. YbF3 nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal processing. In this method, it was added an aqueous solution containing YbCl3 and Na3C6H5O7.2H2O. Additionally, NH4F and NaBF4 were used as fluoride source. Resulting in nanoparticles with average size around 10 nm, which consisted of orthorhombic phase. In addition, nanocomposites were prepared with the dental resin YbF3 obtained. Which showed higher radiopacity than the tooth tissue with 20% in weight (w/w) using the as-synthesized YbF3 nanoparticles.
Decomposição aeróbia e anaeróbia in vitro de Egeria densa Planch. e Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle de reservatórios tropicais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-16) Castro, Wagner Antonio Chiba de; Bianchini Júnior, Irineu; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1886759094637829
In this study it was evaluated the aerobic and anaerobic decomposition of submerged macrophytes Egeria densa Planch. and Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle, major weeds in tropical reservoirs. It was evaluated the decay of organic matter, mineralization, humification degree of the leached, fiber content, conductivity and pH of the process and activity of cellulase enzymes, peroxidase and xylanase. Mathematical models have indicated relations between enzymatic patterns with decay of organic matter and carbon cycling. Analysis of ANCOVA and ANOVA were used to evaluate differences in the decay processes of the species. The two species showed the same heterogeneous pattern of decay of organic matter and carbon mineralization, however, different patterns of decay patterns of the fiber fraction. Incubations of both species had low values of half life for the mineralization of POC, low mineralization of DOC and high enzymatic activity, especially peroxidase, correlated to high rates of decay of fiber content, mainly lignin. The incubations of the two species exhibited different oxygen consumption, probably due to the different composition of fibers. It was conclude that these macrophytes found in tropical reservoirs may cause changes in the environment metabolism. In this context it is important to study the decomposition of invasive species and their cycles for modeling parameterization of patterns of nutrient cycling in these environments.
Gestão da qualidade em serviços médico-hospitalares de pequeno e médio porte: pesquisa-ação e sistemática para implantação da acreditação hospitalar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-16) Alástico, Gabriel Pedro; Toledo, José Carlos de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9051672716831147
The brazilian s Public Health System is characterized, in general, by precarity from its procedure and its services. This situation can be observed in the high time of waiting by an appointment, in the lack of beds, in the lack of training and education of the professionals from the Healthy Sector. This setting results in accumulation of procedure s errors and, in consequence, in a fall in the Health services quality. This reality exists, in part, because of the deficiency in the public health care service s management system. Nowadays, there are efforts from the government and the health care institutions in order to implement Quality Management programs and a management s structured systematic. These efforts aim to promote the guarantee and the improvement of the health care services. This dissertation aims to carry out the adjustment of the management of a public Health Care institution of smallsized localized in the interior of Sao Paulo (Institution A) according to the NAO s (National Accreditation Organization) requirement for Full Accreditation level by means of an Action Research. Besides, it proposes an orientative systematic for implementation of the level Full Accreditation in health care institutions of the small or medium-sized. As a subsidy for the Action Research, a Case Research was carried out in six health care institutions. This thematic needs more studies and experiences. The professionals of Health Brazilian Sector don t understand the Accreditation s concepts. The Action Research to begin to the adjustment of Hospital School s management, but it didn t was concluded integrally due to the short time period. A systematic was proposed for Health Care Institutions of small or medium-sized to adjust the management according to the NAO s Full Accreditation level.
O(s) obscuro(s) dizer(es) de mães sobre o autismo de seus filhos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-16) Telles, Cynara Maria Andrade; Romão, Lucília Maria Sousa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8828821460772801; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7040619427859244
Listening to the mothers of autistic children is the aim of this work in order to look, at the materiality of these discourses, new senses and meanings to the pathology of autism and the (non) place given to mothers at the scientific universe. Through interviews, we undertook an interpretive gesture of the subjects discoursive singularity using as theoretical framework the french Discourse Analysis, which takes his place on the science being supported by the materiality of the spoken and written language that is documented by the mankind and contextualized in a specific historical process. The Discourse Analysis is a subject of interpretation whose methodology is working the circularity of a discourse that has already said, with senses that have already made legitimate, before and somewhere and the possibility of opening new meanings through the drift, the paraphrase and the metaphor. The aim of this work was to explore, by the listening of these mothers, some issues involving the subject and its discursive positions, from a particular social and historical context and set in the universe of language, considering the subject proposed by the Discourse Analysis as the main concept of this work. The interest in the subject emerged from the experience in an institution that served cases of children s mental illness, and the listening of the mothers stories happened through the difficulty to involve them in the work with their children, which it began with the diagnosis and was followed by clinical and pedagogical treatment. It was observed that, in the course of time and after the diagnosis, the mothers put their autistic children in the focus of their lives and together with the institution, they needed to do their reports on the child. The most of them stopped working, the relationship with their husband had serious difficulties, the attention to the other children was affected and the hope of a big improvement was running out. In most cases, the mothers were responsible for the work of their children in school, however, they almost didn t take part in the treatment. We noticed the effects of a discourse of authority (the scientific discourse) on the discourse of mothers, who weren t licensed to know about the problem, as well as the silencing of their dreams and desires; When these women were deprived of their place of exemplary mother, loving wife and woman they started protecting themselves against the pain through the denial, repeating the gesture of their autistic children. The interest in listening to these mothers has increased when we consider the term "refrigerator mothers" after the publication of the first work about the issue whose author was Leo Kanner, the first researcher who defined the pathology of autism as an isolated aspect, describing the mothers of these children as emotionally cold. In this metaphor, we observe an effect of sense on this subject-mother determining by the memory a discursive formation that has been causing effects of freeze of its discourses, which can be evidenced by scarce specialized treatment centers for cases of autism that orient themselves in humanistic theories; on the other hand, there is a growing trend in works that are based on organicist theories and lead to a larger deletion of a place of legitimacy for these mothers. Three discursive entries were selected for the analysis, the first one was the listening of mothers childhood memories about their relationships with family, the marks of this period that have determined the ways how their love choices were meant and which in turn constitute the second entry that broaches the mothers discourses about their wishes to compose their families; lastly, the third one was the listening of the effects of the child s diagnosis, because it s interesting for some researchers to investigate the previous history of autistic children like the ways how they were meant and put in discourse before and after of their birth.