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Investigação microestrutural e estudo das propriedades mecânicas da liga de alumínio AA2139 T3 e T8 soldadas por Friction Stir Welding - FSW
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17)
Saccon, Vinícius Toledo
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Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1073561427009173
Aluminum alloys have low density and high corrosion resistance, and because of that this alloys are being increasingly used in aircraft industry. However, a downside of this alloys is its weldability in fusion process, which can generate defects such as H2`s porosity and formation of high temperatures cracks limiting its applicability. Seeking an alternative process, it was developed a solid state welding process called Friction Stir Welding - FSW. The main advantage of this process is that welding occurs at a temperature below the melting temperature of the material, eliminating defects from solidification. Since its invention, the FSW gets world attention, because structural alloys with difficult weldability showed excellent results metallurgical and mechanical after welding. Therefore, in this study the aluminum alloy AA2139 was welded by FSW, a structural alloy with a high potential for aerospace applications due to good combination of strength and fatigue and fracture toughness. Thus, it was evaluated the mechanical and metallurgical behavior of aluminum alloy AA2139 under different conditions of heat treatment, T3 and T8. The microstructural features were investigated using optical and electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) as well as the mechanical behavior was determined by bending testing, microhardness profiles, conventional tensile testing (including system analysis of deformation - ARAMIS) and tensile testing using micro-samples and also the temperature measurements were performed during welding. The results showed that welds in alloy AA2139-T3 and AA2139-T8 may show different results, even using the same tool and the same welding parameters. Moreover, the temperature reached during welding affects the precipitation in the welded region which determines the performance of the weld.
Enfrentando desafios e construindo possibilidades - a experiência da equipe no processo de incubação de um empreendimento solidário formado por usuários de um CAPS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17)
Tagliaferro, Priscila
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Filizola, Carmen Lúcia Alves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5877279970535914
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6317005527081302
The national policy on mental health, guided by a psychosocial rehabilitation, aimed at social inclusion of people with mental disorders. The social inclusion perspective in the work of Solidarity Economy is the newest strategy for rehabilitation. The articulation of the actors in the field of mental health and solidary economy of a city in São Paulo state was created in 2006, a solidary group, the Recriart in the incubation process through partnership between the Center for Psychosocial Care of San Carlos and Regional Incubator Popular Cooperatives (INCOOP), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). Incubation is a process of advisory to groups for the formation and consolidation of economic enterprises. The method of incubation of INCOOP/UFSCar comprises sixteen classes of behaviors. This qualitative study has aimed to examine the team's experience in the Recriart s incubation process, having as theoretical Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Solidary Economic. Also it had as objective the description and reflection of the group s incubation process, which was performed by inserting the researcher in the context, of consultation documents and information collected from the coordination group. To review the experience of incubation s team, we conducted semistructured interviews. Interview data were analyzed using content analysis, thematic category proposed by Bardin. All ethical guidelines were followed. First we present and reflect about the process of incubation of the group, guided by the methodology of INCOOP. This process emphasizes the importance of partnership built to strengthen and consolidate of the group. Analysis of interviews revealed four themes: Considering the incubation as a process - learning and finding the meanings of being supported; Pointing facilities and difficulties in the construction of the achievement; Viewing the results inclusion by the work - realizing the improvement of users; Pointing necessities for changes in the process, hoping for greater user autonomy and formalization of the venture. Upon hearing the experience of the team we realize this experience is a new and rewarding job because it enables learning, knowledge exchange and relationship with users, although there are conflicts in relationships. Reflecting about the coach function we can recognized them as an educator/facilitator of the process, since it supports the group in all activities, making with them and not by them which which represents the right to health protection. In addition to the facilities, the team faces challenges also present in the solidary economy enterprises related to inadequate income, the construction of autonomy and the effectiveness of self management. In relation to autonomy it is necessary for precise definition of this concept among the techniques. Although there are challenges, the team recognizes the importance of work for the life of users pointing advances in autonomy and improvements in technical skills for the job. The team also shows changes required for growth/development of the group related to greater autonomy and formalization of the venture. View of the above, we hope this research can contributes to the reflection of other experiences and also to knowledge about the incubation methodology in mental health.
Aprendizado semissupervisionado através de técnicas de acoplamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17)
Duarte, Maisa Cristina
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Hruschka Júnior, Estevam Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2097340857065853
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7878297791371477
Machine Learning (ML) can be seen as research area within the Artificial Intelligence (AI) that aims to develop computer programs that can evolve with new experiences. The main ML purpose is the search for methods and techniques that enable the computer system improve its performance autonomously using information learned through its use. This feature can be considered the fundamental mechanisms of the processes of automatic learning. The main goal in this research project was to investigate, propose and implement methods and algorithms to allow the construction of a continuous learning system capable of extracting knowledge from the Web in Portuguese, throughout the creation of a knowledge base which can be constantly updated as new knowledge is extracted.
Risco de lesão do trato urinário inferior pelo uso de cateter vesical de demora: proposta de um diagnóstico de enfermagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17)
Santos, Elaine Cristina dos
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Napoleão, Anamaria Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0538631112822723
Vesical catheterization is one of the most frequently performed invasive interventions in the hospital and its indications are of fundamental importance for the patients that need it. Their insertion, maintenance and withdrawal are under responsibility of nursing team. However, the use of an indwelling catheter can result in complications. In this context, nursing plays a critical role, since most of the complications are likely to be prevented through specific interventions. This study aimed to identify the evidences available in the literature on the risks of injury to the low urinary tract due the use of indwelling catheters and to examine how the risk of injury by the use of indwelling catheters can be approached through the Nursing Diagnosis of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association - International (NANDA-I). From an integrative literature review, 32 studies were included, 22 were selected from PubMed, 4 in LILACS, 3 in The Cochrane Library and 3 in CINAHL. The predominant studies identified were case studies and actualizations. About the year of publication, 46.9% were published in the interval from 2000 to 2009. About the main investigator 62.5% were physicians ant it was noted a predominance of articles published in journals of urology. Complications identified were grouped into three categories: injuries, complications secondary to injuries and others. From this identification, the factors that contribute to the development of lesions were identified making it possible to perform a fundamental analysis for the identification of risk factors for low urinary tract injury due the use of indwelling catheters. The results revealed an absence in NANDA-I of a nursing diagnosis that portray the human response on the vulnerability of people undergoing the use of indwelling catheters, and it was suggested, based on Scroggins (2010), that a new nursing diagnosis, Risk of injury to the lower urinary tract can be considered to inclusion as a nursing diagnosis. It is expected that the recognition of risk factors relating to this type of injury can contribute to increase the effectiveness in the development of nursing care plans.
A formação de mecânicos de manutenção aeronáutica e a segurança de voo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17)
Freitas, Jefferson Roberto de
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Gregolin, José Angelo Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842651773105125
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4551899463699350
The airline industry worldwide has brought great benefits to society, affecting the economic, social and environmental sustainability, including the most diverse and cultural people around the world. This has been reflected by the increased new aircraft sales each year, and the flight safety is one of the most important and challenging factors to achieve and keep the trust of the users and the perpetuity of this transport. The flight safety is associated with both aircraft manufacturing and maintenance, where the maintenance technician plays a key role. Training and upgrading of the professional regulation and education involve theoretical and practical knowledge, which should be given special attention to human factors and ways to prevent human errors for incidents and accidents in aviation. Despite its importance, this issue has not been investigated like it would be, especially in Brazil. The objective of this research is to analyze the current situation of aircraft maintenance mechanics training with emphasis on flight safety, using an exploratory method. The results point to an increased trend of incidents and accidents in this transport sector, including the factors associated with human failings; and to the relevance of place greater emphasis on flight safety into Brazilian regulations that standardize the graduation of airplane maintenance mechanics. It has been also recommended that the curriculum and other requirements for such training be compatible with the technological innovation speed for new and old airplanes. Increased collaboration between companies and schools can also bring benefits and the regional maintenance center of Sao Carlos, Araraquara and Ribeirao Preto has potential for that. It is also suggested that such revision on the Brazilian national regulations has as reference some consultations with people involved on this market, taking into account relevant international regulations.
Produtividade na indústria brasileira entre 1990 e 2002: comparação entre indústrias de processo e de montagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17)
Andrade, Márcio Rodrigues de
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Pinho, Marcelo Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8320037473275861
The purpose of this research is to determine and analyze the differences in the behavior of labor productivity between the process industry and assembly industry in the period 1990 to 2002. The main hypothesis which led to implementation of the study was that labor productivity growth in the assembly industry would have been higher than the labor productivity growth in the process industry. The reason for this lay in evidence in the literature showing that the adjustment of firms to new competitive context of the Brazilian economy was, mainly in their initial stages, through the adoption of modern management techniques and tools that were based on the toyota production system or lean production. Also according to this type of literature, such techniques and tools were most appropriate, and therefore more widespread, in the assembly industry. To achieve the objective and confirm or refute the hypothesis, the work was divided into four chapters. The first deals with the process of globalization and related issues, such as changes in industrial structure and economic reforms. The second chapter is devoted to discussing the concept of productivity and the results of several studies on the behavior of productivity in the Brazilian economy. The third chapter presents the characteristics of the process industry and industrial assembly.. The fourth chapter presents the methodology used to calculate the labor productivity in these different industries and presents also the results of calculations of labor productivity for the process industry and assembly industry made from three databases made available by IBGE. The main conclusion was that, especially in the period 1990 to 1996, growth in labor productivity in the assembly industry was actually higher than the growth of productivity in the process industry.
Política e derrisão em vídeomontagens do Youtube : uma leitura discursiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17)
Araújo, Lígia Mara Boin Menossi de
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7893136450669304
Au Brésil et à l'étranger, nombreux travaux de recherche tant dans le domaine des sciences politiques et sociales et les sciences du langage, en particulier dans le domaine des études du discours, ont pris le discours politique comme un objet digne de réflexion. Cependant, il existe peu de travaux qui était davantage axée sur le long discours politiques pris en dérision, surtout étant donné que la circulaire par les supports virtuels. Notre travail de thèse essaie de faire face à cette lacune peu la réflexion sur la dérision le discours politique affiché sur le site YouTube. Pour notre recherche, nous avons sélectionné quatre vidéomontages intitulée: Lula les analphabètes; Lula Drunk, Lula apelle électorat de pédé et Rejette alimentaire dans Aerolula et Nouvelles Perles de la Sagesse de Lula da Silva qui circulent dans le site www.youtube.com.br. Tous ces vidéomontages avait comme cible dérision alors candidat Luis Inacio Lula da Silva aux élections présidentielles brésiliennes de 2006. Pour aborder cet sujet multimodal fusionne signifiants matériel différent, à chercher refuge dans l'orientation théorique et méthodologique de l'analyse du discours en français et aussi des réflexions de Mikhaïl Bakhtine, Simone Bonnafous, Arnaud Mercier, Beth Brait, Sírio Possenti et Dominique Maingueneau. Comme une démarche méthodologique, nous cherchons à comprendre les vidéomontages dans le battre description / interprétation, expliquant les régularités de l'énonciation des signifiants différents matériaux qui composent ce genre. Ainsi, d'abord, nous traitons les constituants du genre vídeomontagem (style, verbale, de la structure thématique et composition), puis a cherché à différencier la dérision des autres objets discursifs qui donnent aussi la lecture / comment l'humour et finalement levé l'régularités de dérisoire discours politique dérisoire dont ciblage de ridicularise était alors candidat Luis Inacio Lula da Silva de données circulant sur YouTube. En termes de conclusion, les résultats montrent que, outre le rire moqueur discours politique dans votre cause et partie, et tendant à leur adhésion à un point de vue particulier - comme ils l'affirment la grande majorité des travaux qui a pour objet de dérision réflexion - ce discours sur YouTube (re) construire l'histoire politique de la nation.
Um modelo de simulação de sistemas aplicado à programação da produção de um frigorífico de peixe
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Pereira, Carla Roberta
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Costa, Miguel Antonio Bueno da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6148011136943940
The necessity for making production processes more efficient and effective is the desire of any organization. For this to become reality and does not generate high investment is necessary to use techniques that assist in improvement of the production process along with a appropriate schedule of productive resources. Among these techniques, the Simulation assists effectively those improvements, because it seeks to import the reality for a controlled environment, under several conditions, without physical risks and/or high costs involved. This technique becomes even more useful in growing markets, such as the tilapiculture. With the emergence of new fish processing facility, it is necessary a better organization in order to produce more adequately, serving its clients satisfactorily and expanding its business. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to develop a simulation model to assist the decision making about the production scheduling of a fish processing facility, located in the Sao Paulo state. To this end, it used as computational tool the software Arena, by Rockwell Software, and as research method the modeling and simulation, including in this the methodology SimuCAD and the development phases of a simulation model discussed by Banks (1998) and Law and Kelton (2000). With the construction of the model was able to work several alternative scenarios, testing different working hours, types of flows and production capacity, besides variations of the ending inventory in relation to sales. As result, it obtained a useful and differentiated model simulation to assist the decision making about production scheduling of fish processing facility studied, besides reducing the lead-time process and attending all the specific objectives established. At the end of this study, proposals for future research were suggested.
A formação inicial em serviço : lugar de encontro e de (re) significação do ser-saber-fazer de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Ramos, Rosenaide Pereira dos Reis
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Mizukami, Maria da Graça Nicoletti
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505786125188829
This research focuses on teachers training and on the context of policies, practices, and modalities of higher education for in-service primary teachers according to The Law on Brazilian Education Guidelines and Bases (LDB) 9.394/96. The present study was carried out within the context of the performance of professors from Santa Cruz State University (UESC), in the state of Bahia, Brazil, who were also members of the professional team that worked on the process of development, implementation, and follow through of the curriculum development of the Pedagogy Course (2003-2007) of the PROAÇÃO - Program for In-Service Primary Teacher Education - provided for two hundred public school teachers in fourteen cities in the Southern region of the state of Bahia. According to the profile of the participants professional experience and the curricular activities developed, the object of study was defined as the course contributions to the teachers personal and professional dimensions. Based on the following question: How has the education process proposed by the PROAÇÃOUESC Pedagogy Course contributed for the teachers, who became students in the course, to find the (re) signification of the being-knowing-doing triad both personally and professionally? , the goal of this investigation was to indentify, analyze, and explain, from the teachers perspective, how the course, based on the development of the curriculum, has enabled the teachers to achieve personal and professional gains. In order to answer such question, considering the principles of a qualitative research approach and an analytical-descriptive study design based on theoretical and methodological considerations, this research was conducted with the collaboration of fifty former professors who answered a semi-structured questionnaire providing fundamental information to the understanding of some aspects of the course, such as the place for teachers to find the (re) signification of being-knowing-doing. The findings confirm the hypothesis of this study: the process of development and the practice and content of the curriculum of the Pedagogy PROAÇÃO-UESC, enabled the participant teachers to find their personal being and the professional knowing-doing resignifying their personal and professional practices. In addition, the results obtained also indicate the development of an educational process which corresponds to what researchers in education have been advocating in terms of considering the university as a provider of excellence in teacher education in order to, from the perspective of the identity and the personal and professional development, guarantee proper teachers education recognizing and valuing their knowledge, beliefs, culture, and values, and thus making them social agents with reflexive, critical, and innovative training committed to change people, contexts, and places.
Estudo da influência do glicerol no processo de deposição de ligas Zn-Mn e nos depósitos de Zn-Mn
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Araújo, Eliene Leandro de
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Carlos, Ivani Aparecida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1666217445807782
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8172549887540022
The influence of glycerol additive on the electrodeposition process of Zn-Mn on Pt substrate from acid baths by means of cyclic voltammetry and the characteristics of the coatings by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDS) and of X-ray diffraction (XRD) have been studied. The voltammograms for deposition of Zn-Mn obtained with 0 to 0.63 M glycerol and boric acid 0.080 M or 0.24 M, were, in general similar (presence of the cathodic wave c0, two cathodic peaks c1 and c2, an anodic peak a1 and a2 region formed by an anodic waves). The efficiency of the process of electrodeposition of Zn-Mn increased with the concentration of glycerol and was it lower than 100%. The analyses of the coatings by SEM showed that those obtained in the deposition potential of -1.19 V were not uniform, consisting of crystallites of different sizes. The only exception was for the deposit obtained with GLY 0.32 M which was more uniform and covered all the substrate of Pt. The electrodeposit analysis obtained by EDX did not indicate this Edep codeposition of Mn with Zn for most of the coatings while for some we cannot assure the presence of Mn. Those obtained at Edep= - 1.53 V from baths containing 0.080 M - 0.48 M GLY were dendritic, while the ones obtained in the presence of 0.63 M GLY were refined showing that this concentration of glycerol acted as a brightener. The XRD analyses showed that the electrodeposits were formed from Zn, Mn, oxides and alloys of different compositions. The smaller size of the glycerol molecule related to boric-sorbitol complex did not prevent the codeposition of Zn and Mn did not lead to a more compact deposit and did not significantly alter the composition of phases.
O trabalho em laboratório na indústria do petróleo: do procedimento à competência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Freitas, Elizabeth Garcia de
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Menegon, Nilton Luiz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8092451536879504
This dissertation has been realized in a chemistry analysis laboratory inside a Brazilian oil refinery. From the initial demand to project and build a new laboratory in a specific refinery, in order to attend the current work and the future work load increase, a key question was raised, the necessity to understand the laboratory work reality face the prescribed work. This case study has analyzed the labor in many subunits, or, Production Centers of the studied laboratory according to the Ergonomics Analysis of Work approach. It dares the necessity to understand the work organization, positioning the activity as central to the analysis, and unfold issues such the human relations at work. After doing the observations, transcriptions, analyses and auto-confrontation it was realized that, although the procedures prescription has been prescribed by the workers themselves, it was relatively simple and did not take into account the variety of activities. Therefore the workers resort of many means that were learned, created or incorporated to execute the tasks. These information, variability and situations are managed by the worker´s competencies, and are highlighted through specific skills, from previous and acquired knowledge, and from past experience. Due the competency to deal with work in this environment, it may be said that the workers adopt individual and collective strategies to manage the work, overcome the variability and the existing risks in order to produce reliable certifications ensuring health and productivity.
A possibilidade de uma transformação social em Horkheimer: da teoria crítica à critica da razão instrumental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Guimarães, Nathalia Muylaert Locks
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Maar, Wolfgang Leo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8746615407370574
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5678781521077855
Análise da modulação autonômica cardíaca no pré e pósoperatório de cirurgia bariátrica e os efeitos de um programa de treinamento físico aeróbio em mulheres obesas mórbidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Castello, Viviane
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Silva, Audrey Borghi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8573168804662842
Bariatric surgery has proven to be a helpful technique in the clinical treatment of obesity. In particular, gastric bypass surgery (CBG) has shown favorable results in terms of length of weight loss but also in long-term maintenance. However, it remains unclear whether a short period of surgery can improve the changes in cardiac autonomic nervous system that obese individuals have and if a program of aerobic exercise after CBG may contribute to the improvement of those changes. In this context, we proposed the development of two studies that could contribute with new information. The first study, entitled "Impact of aerobic exercise training on heart rate variability and functional capacity in obese women after gastric bypass surgery" aimed to evaluate whether a program of physical training with aerobic exercise for 12-week is capable of modifying the heart rate variability (HRV) and functional capacity of severely obese women 4 months after GBS (4GBS). Twenty-one women were randomized into a training group (TG) (submitted to an aerobic exercise program of 36 sessions) or control group (CG) and tested on two occasions: one week before the GBS (BGBS) and 4GBS through the variables anthropometric, body composition, record of heart rate (HR) and RR interval (R-Ri), and 6-min walk test (6MWT). The main findings were that only the TG showed a significant increase in HRV indices and the walking distance after 12-week of aerobic physical training. In conclusion, 12-week of aerobic physical training improves cardiac autonomic modulation and functional capacity 4GBS. The second study, entitled "Variability and heart rate kinetics during 6-min walk test in morbidly obese women - effects of an aerobic exercise training after gastric bypass surgery" aimed to evaluate whether morbidly obese women have altered kinetic HR and HRV during the 6MWD test, and determine whether 12-week of aerobic physical training after GBS can modify these indexes. Nineteen morbidly obese women were randomized to TG (submitted to the same physical training program that the previous study) or group without training (GST) and 12 eutrophic woman were evaluated in the CG. The women were evaluated in two occasions: BGBS and 4GBS through anthropometric variables, pulmonary function and recording of HR and R-Ri during the 6MWT. The main findings were that: (1) obese women showed alterations the index rMSSD of HRV and in the HR kinetics during the 6MWT, and (2) only the TG showed significant improvement of the HR kinetics during the 6MWT after physical training. In conclusion, morbidly obese women have a slow response of the HR kinetics and cardiac autonomic modulation during the 6MWT, and 12-week of aerobic physical training after GBS is able to accelerate these responses.
Desenvolvimento de genossensores utilizando microbalança de cristal de quartzo e técnicas eletroquímicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Pedroso, Mariele Mucio
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Faria, Ronaldo Censi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8659496864305621
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9851115714877073
The proliferation of toxic algae in different oceans leads to great economic losses and environmental damage the mortality of marine animals such as mollusks and fish due to neurotoxins that they release into the environment. The reasons that lead to algal blooms are not fully understood and thus the monitoring of algae is extremely important. In this sense, the genosensors appear as promising tools for the detection of toxic algal blooms in coastal waters, as they offer the possibility of in situ detection with high sensitivity and selectivity. In this project we studied the processes of hybridization of DNA molecules without the use of marker molecules using electrochemical and microgravimetric techniques. Probes were used as partial sequences of primers of the gene encoding the ribosomal RNA sub-unit of the microalgae Alexandrium species. These species of algae produce neurotoxins that can accumulate in shellfish and are responsible for harm to human health. The probe DNA was immobilized by chemisorptions on the surface of a quartz crystal oscillating at 9 MHz third harmonic, 27 MHz. After the grounding of the probe, the crystals were exposed to target DNA molecules with sequence complementary to the probe and hybridization process was monitored in real time. The percentage of the crystal surface coverage and hybridization kinetics were monitored by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The area of the crystal suffered no links were filled with the reagent mercaptohexanol (MCH) and observed an improvement in the efficiency of hybridization. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used as a system for detection of DNA probe immobilization and hybridization with its complementary target, without the use of marker molecules. These events were monitored through changes in the electrical properties of the lead in media containing the redox couple [Fe(CN)6 3-/4-] before and after immobilization and hybridization. The analysis of xviii the impedance spectra showed an increase in Rct after the formation of doublestranded DNA, while the capacitance values remained unchanged after the modification of the electrode. The use of MCH during electrochemical measurements increased the efficiency of hybridization, in agreement with results obtained with the QCM technique. The technique of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) was used to evaluate the charge transfer process before and after modifications to the DNA molecules. The results obtained with the SECM technique (approach curves) are qualitatively in agreement with results obtained by the techniques of QCM, CV and EIS with the redox couple [Fe(CN)6 3-/4-]. A microarray for DNA was constructed and evaluated, showing a good response in the detection of different nucleic acid sequences simultaneously. The genossensor developed allowed us to distinguish between targets and probes with different sequences, complementary and not complementary. A procedure for the regeneration of genossensor was developed and allowed the reuse of the DNA biosensor twenty times, with the same sensitivity.
Avaliação da função cardíaca do teleósteo neotropical matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus: uma análise matemática e biomolecular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Rivaroli, Luciano
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Kalinin, Ana Lúcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9440942625741487
The ventricular myocardial contractility of the matrinxã teleost, Brycon amazonicus, was analysed in previous experimentation with isometric multicellular preparations, in time effect and force-frequency relationship experiments, with and without exposure to the alkaloid ryanodine, a sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release blocker. In this study, different methodological approaches were used, such as isometric stress (EI, mN.mm-2), that permitted to identify the sensitivity of the myocardium to ryanodine, with the majority contribution of Ca2+ from the SR. The use of time to peak tension and time to half relaxation parameters (TPT and THR, ms) were ineffective to evaluate the contraction and relaxation performances during time effect experiments. New approaches such as contraction rates and initial relaxation rates (TC and TIR, mN.mm-2.s-1) demonstrated directly the impairment of the myocardium exposed to ryanodine. The negative staircase effect, characteristic of the teleost s forcefrequency relationship was evidenced by EI. The maximum rates of contraction and maximum rates of relaxation (TMC and TMR, mN.mm-2.s-1) and the average rates of contraction and average rates of relaxation (TMedC and TMedR, mN.mm-2.s-1) showed the impairment of the myocardium contractility exposed to ryanodine as well as the low sensitivity of frequency increments on the contractility when considered the values of TPT and THR. The TMedC and TMedR values indicated a greater possibility of heart rate regulation than the TMC and TMR values, probably due to these estimates consider the amount of instantaneous rate changes of contraction wave on calculation instead of just one point on the curve. The cardiac pumping capacity (CBC, mN.mm2.min-1) showed that the optimal range of frequency for isometric contraction is narrow and that the myocardium of the species should be working on the limit at rest. The analyses of integral of isometric tension (ITI, mN.mm- 2.s), and integral of isometric tension per minute (ITIPM, mN.mm-2.min), showed that these were unsuitable indexes for the assessment of cardiac contractility in the way they were calculated, as inconsistent interpretations were generated, probably by using information from the curve of contraction irrelevant to the isometric preparation. The contractility index (IC, mN.mm-2) created in this work, suggested that the myocardium contractility of the species is more sensitive to increases in frequency. On the other hand, the contractility index per minute (ICPM, mN.mm-2) showed that the optimum range of frequencies for the B. amazonicus myocardial contraction can be much wider and could allow performance reserve, such as reported in other studies of cardiac function in teleosts. The protein expression of SERCA2a and phospholamban (PLB) were analysed by Western Blot technique and their expression supported the findings of the SR functionality. The comparative analysis of these proteins, using amino acid sequences available in public databases (GenBank and UniProt), revealed levels of similarity between the SERCA2a and PLB in fish and other vertebrates, strengthened the findings of studies with Western Blot experiments. Taken together, the results suggest that B. amazonicus myocardium is dependent on SR Ca2+ stores under physiological frequencies and, despite the negative staircase pattern, must possess a performance reserve at supraphysiologic frequencies.
Saberes e práticas de saúde em campo: um olhar antropológico sobre a estratégia de saúde da família na Praia Azul - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Coelho, Juliana Affonso Gomes
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Cardoso, Marina Denise
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6527508770284131
The purpose of this research was originally the anthropological study of multidisciplinary teams of Family Health Program (PSF), realized from ethnography in a city of São Paulo, in which I intend to observe the interaction between different discursive fields and professional practices. It was noted, however, that the multidisciplinary teams studied could be divided into two types of teams: a hierarchical, formed by all legitimate health professionals (doctors, nurses and nursing assistants), and a more egalitarian, just conformed by Community Health Agents (ACS). Moreover, by exploring the theme through ethnographic research, was also shown that knowledge and health practices in the field were crossed by the paradigm of health promotion, which not only sought to reorient the demand of users of public health, but sought to transform them, through educational processes, in subjects of citizenship. For this, an analysis of this process was made, focusing particularly on the role and training of ACS, since they emerged not only as mediators between biomedical knowledge and popular knowledge, but also showed themselves capable of switching between these two roles: the interventionist state and the interlocutor of the community. Thus, if the ambiguity of the ACS reveal, on hand, the normative character of the strategy, on the other hand, showed an opening for the emergence of citizenship, which allowed the problematization of the health citizention project implicit in public health politics, as the coexistence of contradictory models within the same program and the same health equipment. Then we saw that the Family Health Strategy presents paradoxes and inconsistencies in the operationalization of the program, some of which may bind that it consolidates as a guideline of SUS and must be object of reflection, in order that the program does not become just a model manager without the effective care counterparty expected of a health care service in public health.
Desenvolvimento de eletrodos de carbono vítreo modificados com nanotubos de carbono funcionalizados imobilizados em filmes de hidrocloreto de poli(alilamina) para determinação de fármacos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Takeda, Humberto Hissashi
;
Fatibello Filho, Orlando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9859737944357808
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7735490624385849
Research involving carbon nanotubes (CNT) have a great attraction since its synthesis to the technology application. As part of the work was studied the formation and the stability of a functionalized Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) dispersion in a hydrochloride poly(allylamine) (PAH) polyelectrolyte solution 1.2 x 10-4 mol L-1 (MWCNTs/PAH) in order to use it for surface modification of a glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) by casting technique. Zeta potential measurements confirmed the stability of the MWCNTs/PAH dispersion. After this study were carried out modifications of GCE surfaces with the MWCNTs/PAH (GCE-MWCNTs/PAH) dispersion and found the electrochemical behavior of the film formed by cyclic voltammetry with potassium hexacyano ferrate (III) 6,6 x 10-4 mol L-1 in a potassium chloride solution 0, 1 mol L-1. The results proved the electrochemical effect provided by the MWCNTs and with the Randles-Sevcik equation we have obtained an active area for GCE-MWCNTs/PAH 1.2 times higher compared to the GCE bare. For further study, we evaluated the GCE-MWCNTs/PAH performance in a pharmaceuticals formulations with voltammetric and amperometric determinations, ciprofibrate, dopamine (DA), levodope (L-dopa) and carbidope. The ciprofibrate determination were measured by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and was used as supporting electrolyte a solution of sodium phosphate buffer 0.1 mol L-1 (pH 7,0). The analytical curve was linear in the ciprofibrate concentration range from 1.33 x 10-5 to 1.32 x 10-4 mol L-1 with a detection limit of 8.34 x 10-6 mol L-1. For DA determination was measured by amperometric measurement in a potential of 0.2 V in a phosphate buffer solution 0.1 mol L-1 (pH 7.0) as supporting electrolyte, and the analytical curve showed a linearity over the concentration range between 3.32 x 10-6 to 3.32 x 10-5 mol L-1 with a detection limit of 5.7 x 10-7 mol L-1. The L-dopa determination was done with the DPV and was used as a supporting electrolyte a sodium chloride solution (NaCl) 0.1 mol L-1. The analytical curve obtained showed a linearity over the concentration range of 2.00 x 10-6 to 2.72 x 10-5 mol L-1 and the limit of detection was 8.4 x 10-7 mol L-1. The carbidopa determination were measured by DPV and was used as a supporting electrolyte a NaCl solution 0.1 mol L-1 and the analytical curve xv showed a linearity over the concentration range of 2.00 x 10-6 to 2.34 x 10-5 mol L-1 and detection limit obtained was 6.50 x 10-7 mol L-1.
Pressupostos teóricos da perspectiva CTS (Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade) no contexto de cursos de graduação a distância
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Leite, Ana Cláudia de Oliveira
;
Ferraz, Maria Cristina Comunian
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2893153253924855
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5101413808842070
Each season brings new trends that influence the culture, economy and technology derived from the growth and development of society. Thus, after 90 years of the twentieth century saw the beginning of a period called the information age, characterized by globalization and the importance of intellectual capital, knowledge generation and sharing and use of information and communication technologies. In Brazil, among the changes that have occurred is the increase in offering distance learning courses: the federal government uses distance learning as a way to democratize access to public education, free high-quality, private institutions enjoy the opportunity to expand their areas of expertise and gain more and more students, and organizations envision the possibility of training and qualification of its professionals. The university, in turn, as a developer of the great centers of science and technology (S&T) also started to adopt distance learning as part of the plan of public policies for continuing education in Brazil. In this scenario, there is a broadening of debate about the fruits of experience in various fields of knowledge. The Movement for Science, Technology and Society (STS), whose roots date back to mid-twentieth century, seeks to demystify the S&T and public participation in decision making. From the vision of this movement, distance learning favors the acquisition of student autonomy as a subject of the learning process through collaborative action, to intervene directly in building a sustainable society. Offer subsidies to students to discuss scientific and technological issues that permeate the society, leading them to understand the social dimension of S&T, both in terms of their social background, as his social and environmental consequences. During this study, we used the method of hypothetical-deductive approach, the method of procedure and techniques of monographic literature search and content analysis, whose presentation and discussion of results are organized into seven chapters. In none of the pedagogical projects directly quoted the STS perspective on its structure, yet it is evident the presence of the indirect influence of this movement. By analyzing the results, it was found that the educational proposals of the courses offered by UAB/UFSCar allow students a better understanding of S&T as results of human knowledge socially constructed in order to complete their training as citizens. In this study, was also observed that the pioneering spirit and innovative vision of the project UAB/UFSCar, present in the educational proposals of undergraduate courses at a distance, may reveal and/or anticipate trends in distance learning in Brazil, contributing to its growth and scientific, technological and social development.
Manutenção prescrita e manutenção real: uma abordagem baseada na atividade dos profissionais: o caso de uma indústria automobilística
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Carvalho, Alex Luis de
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Menegon, Nilton Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461487552981919
This study aims to present the determinants of activity in real situations, characterized by variability and unpredictability inherent in production systems, as well as understanding and relevance of the requirements developed with the effective participation of professionals. With this purpose, we studied the activities of professionals (mechanics and electricians) from a maintenance area of an automotive industry in two real situations of intervention, an corrective and other preventive. Based on the methodological assumptions of Ergonomic Work Analysis (EWA), as well as techniques of data collection, the real activity performed was faced with a prescription, showing many sources of variability, constraints and unexpected that are managed by professionals during the course of action mobilizing tacit skills, strategies for control of situations and actions not always conscious, which ensures really effective commitment between production and safety. The study results indicate that these prescriptions even tough developed with the effective participation of professionals, are inefficient for the live activity, showing how invisible it is their job to maintenance management, risks, project engineering and themselves. This finding was scrutinized in the discussion of the dissertation, aiming to the needs of acknowledgement and understanding of human live activity by all the organizations and professionals themselves so the importance of reflection on the events experienced in runtime. Finally, some proposals were suggested for changing the point of view and to reflect on the difficulties faced taking into account the perspective of a maintainer in the course of action focusing on considering the importance of the "during" and not just the "results" providing improvements to both company by increasing the reliability of facilities and for the professionals preserving their health and ensure their ability to work in the face of unforeseen circumstances and difficulties inherent in the process.
Procedimentos e modelos para previsão de vendas e determinação de quotas na indústria calçadista: proposta e estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-18)
Mantovani, Almir
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Fernandes, Flavio Cesar Faria
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6987179879125144
Frequent changes in consumer behavior and the characteristics of complexity and competition involving the market demands constant innovation in products, technologies, management strategies and management systems, including the systems that make the integration between the company and its customers or suppliers, as well as systems that integrate or coordinate business processes. In this scenario, understanding and managing of the vendors and/or sales representatives of the company turn out to be an essential factor for the company to remain competitive in the market. In this light, the process of determining and allocating sales quotas appears as integral and important part of the sales management process, which allows, among other things, the evaluation of vendor performance toward the goals set by the company. The purpose of this thesis was to establish a set of procedures to forecast appropriately, sales in the footwear industry and from then on, build a model to determine sales quotas which meets the specific of a sector and integrate two important functions of the company: Sales and Production. Semi-structured interviews with sales professionals, as well as production planning and control were made to subsidize the development of the proposal. The evaluation of the proposal was made by means of a case study in a footwear company in the city of Franca (SP). It was concluded that demand management in the footwear industry, is connected to the quotas they should limit (directly or indirectly) to sales due to the production capacity available and the considered models, in this study, meet the criteria to the studied situation.