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Investigação microestrutural e estudo das propriedades mecânicas da liga de alumínio AA2139 T3 e T8 soldadas por Friction Stir Welding - FSW
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17) Saccon, Vinícius Toledo; Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1073561427009173
Aluminum alloys have low density and high corrosion resistance, and because of that this alloys are being increasingly used in aircraft industry. However, a downside of this alloys is its weldability in fusion process, which can generate defects such as H2`s porosity and formation of high temperatures cracks limiting its applicability. Seeking an alternative process, it was developed a solid state welding process called Friction Stir Welding - FSW. The main advantage of this process is that welding occurs at a temperature below the melting temperature of the material, eliminating defects from solidification. Since its invention, the FSW gets world attention, because structural alloys with difficult weldability showed excellent results metallurgical and mechanical after welding. Therefore, in this study the aluminum alloy AA2139 was welded by FSW, a structural alloy with a high potential for aerospace applications due to good combination of strength and fatigue and fracture toughness. Thus, it was evaluated the mechanical and metallurgical behavior of aluminum alloy AA2139 under different conditions of heat treatment, T3 and T8. The microstructural features were investigated using optical and electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) as well as the mechanical behavior was determined by bending testing, microhardness profiles, conventional tensile testing (including system analysis of deformation - ARAMIS) and tensile testing using micro-samples and also the temperature measurements were performed during welding. The results showed that welds in alloy AA2139-T3 and AA2139-T8 may show different results, even using the same tool and the same welding parameters. Moreover, the temperature reached during welding affects the precipitation in the welded region which determines the performance of the weld.
Risco de lesão do trato urinário inferior pelo uso de cateter vesical de demora: proposta de um diagnóstico de enfermagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17) Santos, Elaine Cristina dos; Napoleão, Anamaria Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0538631112822723
Vesical catheterization is one of the most frequently performed invasive interventions in the hospital and its indications are of fundamental importance for the patients that need it. Their insertion, maintenance and withdrawal are under responsibility of nursing team. However, the use of an indwelling catheter can result in complications. In this context, nursing plays a critical role, since most of the complications are likely to be prevented through specific interventions. This study aimed to identify the evidences available in the literature on the risks of injury to the low urinary tract due the use of indwelling catheters and to examine how the risk of injury by the use of indwelling catheters can be approached through the Nursing Diagnosis of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association - International (NANDA-I). From an integrative literature review, 32 studies were included, 22 were selected from PubMed, 4 in LILACS, 3 in The Cochrane Library and 3 in CINAHL. The predominant studies identified were case studies and actualizations. About the year of publication, 46.9% were published in the interval from 2000 to 2009. About the main investigator 62.5% were physicians ant it was noted a predominance of articles published in journals of urology. Complications identified were grouped into three categories: injuries, complications secondary to injuries and others. From this identification, the factors that contribute to the development of lesions were identified making it possible to perform a fundamental analysis for the identification of risk factors for low urinary tract injury due the use of indwelling catheters. The results revealed an absence in NANDA-I of a nursing diagnosis that portray the human response on the vulnerability of people undergoing the use of indwelling catheters, and it was suggested, based on Scroggins (2010), that a new nursing diagnosis, Risk of injury to the lower urinary tract can be considered to inclusion as a nursing diagnosis. It is expected that the recognition of risk factors relating to this type of injury can contribute to increase the effectiveness in the development of nursing care plans.
A formação de mecânicos de manutenção aeronáutica e a segurança de voo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17) Freitas, Jefferson Roberto de; Gregolin, José Angelo Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842651773105125; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4551899463699350
The airline industry worldwide has brought great benefits to society, affecting the economic, social and environmental sustainability, including the most diverse and cultural people around the world. This has been reflected by the increased new aircraft sales each year, and the flight safety is one of the most important and challenging factors to achieve and keep the trust of the users and the perpetuity of this transport. The flight safety is associated with both aircraft manufacturing and maintenance, where the maintenance technician plays a key role. Training and upgrading of the professional regulation and education involve theoretical and practical knowledge, which should be given special attention to human factors and ways to prevent human errors for incidents and accidents in aviation. Despite its importance, this issue has not been investigated like it would be, especially in Brazil. The objective of this research is to analyze the current situation of aircraft maintenance mechanics training with emphasis on flight safety, using an exploratory method. The results point to an increased trend of incidents and accidents in this transport sector, including the factors associated with human failings; and to the relevance of place greater emphasis on flight safety into Brazilian regulations that standardize the graduation of airplane maintenance mechanics. It has been also recommended that the curriculum and other requirements for such training be compatible with the technological innovation speed for new and old airplanes. Increased collaboration between companies and schools can also bring benefits and the regional maintenance center of Sao Carlos, Araraquara and Ribeirao Preto has potential for that. It is also suggested that such revision on the Brazilian national regulations has as reference some consultations with people involved on this market, taking into account relevant international regulations.
Produtividade na indústria brasileira entre 1990 e 2002: comparação entre indústrias de processo e de montagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17) Andrade, Márcio Rodrigues de; Pinho, Marcelo Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8320037473275861
The purpose of this research is to determine and analyze the differences in the behavior of labor productivity between the process industry and assembly industry in the period 1990 to 2002. The main hypothesis which led to implementation of the study was that labor productivity growth in the assembly industry would have been higher than the labor productivity growth in the process industry. The reason for this lay in evidence in the literature showing that the adjustment of firms to new competitive context of the Brazilian economy was, mainly in their initial stages, through the adoption of modern management techniques and tools that were based on the toyota production system or lean production. Also according to this type of literature, such techniques and tools were most appropriate, and therefore more widespread, in the assembly industry. To achieve the objective and confirm or refute the hypothesis, the work was divided into four chapters. The first deals with the process of globalization and related issues, such as changes in industrial structure and economic reforms. The second chapter is devoted to discussing the concept of productivity and the results of several studies on the behavior of productivity in the Brazilian economy. The third chapter presents the characteristics of the process industry and industrial assembly.. The fourth chapter presents the methodology used to calculate the labor productivity in these different industries and presents also the results of calculations of labor productivity for the process industry and assembly industry made from three databases made available by IBGE. The main conclusion was that, especially in the period 1990 to 1996, growth in labor productivity in the assembly industry was actually higher than the growth of productivity in the process industry.
Enfrentando desafios e construindo possibilidades - a experiência da equipe no processo de incubação de um empreendimento solidário formado por usuários de um CAPS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17) Tagliaferro, Priscila; Filizola, Carmen Lúcia Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5877279970535914; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6317005527081302
The national policy on mental health, guided by a psychosocial rehabilitation, aimed at social inclusion of people with mental disorders. The social inclusion perspective in the work of Solidarity Economy is the newest strategy for rehabilitation. The articulation of the actors in the field of mental health and solidary economy of a city in São Paulo state was created in 2006, a solidary group, the Recriart in the incubation process through partnership between the Center for Psychosocial Care of San Carlos and Regional Incubator Popular Cooperatives (INCOOP), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). Incubation is a process of advisory to groups for the formation and consolidation of economic enterprises. The method of incubation of INCOOP/UFSCar comprises sixteen classes of behaviors. This qualitative study has aimed to examine the team's experience in the Recriart s incubation process, having as theoretical Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Solidary Economic. Also it had as objective the description and reflection of the group s incubation process, which was performed by inserting the researcher in the context, of consultation documents and information collected from the coordination group. To review the experience of incubation s team, we conducted semistructured interviews. Interview data were analyzed using content analysis, thematic category proposed by Bardin. All ethical guidelines were followed. First we present and reflect about the process of incubation of the group, guided by the methodology of INCOOP. This process emphasizes the importance of partnership built to strengthen and consolidate of the group. Analysis of interviews revealed four themes: Considering the incubation as a process - learning and finding the meanings of being supported; Pointing facilities and difficulties in the construction of the achievement; Viewing the results inclusion by the work - realizing the improvement of users; Pointing necessities for changes in the process, hoping for greater user autonomy and formalization of the venture. Upon hearing the experience of the team we realize this experience is a new and rewarding job because it enables learning, knowledge exchange and relationship with users, although there are conflicts in relationships. Reflecting about the coach function we can recognized them as an educator/facilitator of the process, since it supports the group in all activities, making with them and not by them which which represents the right to health protection. In addition to the facilities, the team faces challenges also present in the solidary economy enterprises related to inadequate income, the construction of autonomy and the effectiveness of self management. In relation to autonomy it is necessary for precise definition of this concept among the techniques. Although there are challenges, the team recognizes the importance of work for the life of users pointing advances in autonomy and improvements in technical skills for the job. The team also shows changes required for growth/development of the group related to greater autonomy and formalization of the venture. View of the above, we hope this research can contributes to the reflection of other experiences and also to knowledge about the incubation methodology in mental health.
Aprendizado semissupervisionado através de técnicas de acoplamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17) Duarte, Maisa Cristina; Hruschka Júnior, Estevam Rafael; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2097340857065853; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7878297791371477
Machine Learning (ML) can be seen as research area within the Artificial Intelligence (AI) that aims to develop computer programs that can evolve with new experiences. The main ML purpose is the search for methods and techniques that enable the computer system improve its performance autonomously using information learned through its use. This feature can be considered the fundamental mechanisms of the processes of automatic learning. The main goal in this research project was to investigate, propose and implement methods and algorithms to allow the construction of a continuous learning system capable of extracting knowledge from the Web in Portuguese, throughout the creation of a knowledge base which can be constantly updated as new knowledge is extracted.
Política e derrisão em vídeomontagens do Youtube : uma leitura discursiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011-02-17) Araújo, Lígia Mara Boin Menossi de; Baronas, Roberto Leiser; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7893136450669304
Au Brésil et à l'étranger, nombreux travaux de recherche tant dans le domaine des sciences politiques et sociales et les sciences du langage, en particulier dans le domaine des études du discours, ont pris le discours politique comme un objet digne de réflexion. Cependant, il existe peu de travaux qui était davantage axée sur le long discours politiques pris en dérision, surtout étant donné que la circulaire par les supports virtuels. Notre travail de thèse essaie de faire face à cette lacune peu la réflexion sur la dérision le discours politique affiché sur le site YouTube. Pour notre recherche, nous avons sélectionné quatre vidéomontages intitulée: Lula les analphabètes; Lula Drunk, Lula apelle électorat de pédé et Rejette alimentaire dans Aerolula et Nouvelles Perles de la Sagesse de Lula da Silva qui circulent dans le site www.youtube.com.br. Tous ces vidéomontages avait comme cible dérision alors candidat Luis Inacio Lula da Silva aux élections présidentielles brésiliennes de 2006. Pour aborder cet sujet multimodal fusionne signifiants matériel différent, à chercher refuge dans l'orientation théorique et méthodologique de l'analyse du discours en français et aussi des réflexions de Mikhaïl Bakhtine, Simone Bonnafous, Arnaud Mercier, Beth Brait, Sírio Possenti et Dominique Maingueneau. Comme une démarche méthodologique, nous cherchons à comprendre les vidéomontages dans le battre description / interprétation, expliquant les régularités de l'énonciation des signifiants différents matériaux qui composent ce genre. Ainsi, d'abord, nous traitons les constituants du genre vídeomontagem (style, verbale, de la structure thématique et composition), puis a cherché à différencier la dérision des autres objets discursifs qui donnent aussi la lecture / comment l'humour et finalement levé l'régularités de dérisoire discours politique dérisoire dont ciblage de ridicularise était alors candidat Luis Inacio Lula da Silva de données circulant sur YouTube. En termes de conclusion, les résultats montrent que, outre le rire moqueur discours politique dans votre cause et partie, et tendant à leur adhésion à un point de vue particulier - comme ils l'affirment la grande majorité des travaux qui a pour objet de dérision réflexion - ce discours sur YouTube (re) construire l'histoire politique de la nation.