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O mal-estar docente no contexto escolar a partir das percepções dos professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-02) Sanches, Ana Paula Rodrigues; Gama, Renata Prenstteter; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153572041829838; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7904441714531095
The presented research would like to understand the process of ill be teaching in the school context from the teacher’s perceptions. For this work context, we make explicit some of the tensions of post-modernity and related issues to the teaching profession, seeking relationships with professional malaise. It is a qualitative research, from the inseparable link between objectivity and subjectivity, considering that the subject cannot be quantified in their feelings and actions. For this research, we selected two primary state education schools in Sorocaba. They hold opposing positions, in other words satisfactory or unsatisfactory results, in the education human development index of São Paulo State Education (IDESP) 2014. Using fifteen semi-structured questionnaires and interviews, we have checked and organized some possible indicators of ill-being between the employees in the school context, composing a general overview of the subject. From the categorization and analysis, a data triangulation, between them and the specific literature, we realized explicit perceptions of teachers about the ill-being feature in the school context and their possible implications for the current demands, class organization and working conditions. Some issues related to the ill-be can stand out, such as the lack of motivation and student’s indiscipline, school violence, long working hours and the pressure caused by external evaluations. About experiences on uncomfortable situations, the teaches emphasize the abuse of students with the professionals and also point the class attribution in the beginning of the school year and school administration impositions as main cause of this malaise. Thus, according the categories: the teacher malaise in the classroom and the teacher discomfort with working conditions and school training, we underline these teacher’s feelings in the teaching and learning process management, the way how it reach them in their school attribution and their prospects facing the problem the continuing education at school.
Análise de critérios de seleção de materiais e processos para interiores de aeronaves executivas incorporando aspectos de sustentabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-02) Santos, Celise Villa dos; Gregolin, José Angelo Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842651773105125; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9730558038933472
Materials and processes used to manufacture executive aircraft interiors play an important role in aesthetic and competitive product differentiation, in a scenario where there is growing competition and pressures for more sustainable products. It has been observed that the selection of these materials and processes, in the early stages of product development, has introduced limited measures to reduce costs and environmental improvements in manufacturing, which is reflected in the scientific literature available. This research addresses procedures for materials and processes selection including these factors, as well as other customer and aeronautical design requirements, which requires specialized information and methods of analysis established for this approach of priorities. The aim was to evaluate the current materials and processes and identify new opportunities, looking for a strategy to improve the selection methodology, as a contribution to greater integration design - materials - processes. The main analytical tool used was Value Stream Mapping, associating concepts of lean manufacturing, design for manufacturing and assembly, ecodesign and product lifecycle. Mapping applied to case studies involving an item of furniture was suitable to draw closer environmental requirements and manufacturing prospecting activities, as well as selecting materials and processes. The research also explored solutions filed on patents and knowledge from other industrial sectors which were in line with the opportunities. One example is biopolymer solid panels reinforced with natural fibres, as substitutes for structural materials produced from non-renewable and toxic sources, which require adding resins to reinforce and close the honeycomb core. There was synergy between the possible solutions aimed at improving the economic performance and environmental sustainability of the product, such as ultraviolet radiation curable resins to finish the panels.
Letramentos nos anos iniciais : entre o texto verbal e o não verbal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-02) Pacheco, Paula Ferraz; Martins, Maria Sílvia Cintra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9241992645160356; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1582229773076197
Con el avance tecnológico, smartphones y tablets han pasado a integrar nuestras vidas poniéndonos delante textos que mesclan escrita, layout, imágenes, sonidos y objetos 3D. Sin embargo, aunque nuestra exposición a un uso intenso de imágenes en las prácticas sociales pos-modernas que ocurren fuera de los muros de las escuelas, la sistematización con fines pedagógicos aún es insuficiente (OLIVEIRA, 2013), indicando la necesidad de investigaciones que se dediquen a los nuevos letramentos y que visen al perfeccionamiento de la capacidad de lectura de imágenes y otras semioses. Tras el hipótesis de que las actividades de lectura y producción de texto en sala de clase muchas veces no exploran de manera suficiente la interacción entre texto verbal y no-verbal, nuestro trabajo objetiva observar las formas de utilización de materiales paradidácticos en los años iniciales en escuela municipal de enseñanza, en el ámbito del Pacto Nacional por la Alfabetización en la Edad Cierta (PNAIC), con especial atención sobre la forma de dialogo que se construye entre texto verbal y no-verbal. Fundamentamos nuestra investigación en los llamados Estudios del letramento (KLEIMAN 1995, 2007; MARTINS, 2008) y en las teorías que abordan la relación de la imagen con la palabra (SIGNORI, 2014), utilizándonos también del Análisis Critica del Discurso de Fairclough (MEURER, 2015). La metodología de nuestro trabajo se compuso, de un lado, de investigación bibliográfica con profundización en las teorías mencionadas y, de otro, de estudio de caso de sesgo etnográfico (LÜDKE; ANDRÉ, 2012; ANDRÉ, 1995). Estamos inseridos en los presupuestos de la investigación de sesgo cualitativo, sin embargo, nuestro estudio también abarcó algunos elementos cuantitativos. Los resultados señalan la necesidad de un direccionamiento más adecuado para los libros infanto-juveniles en las salas de clase teniendo en cuenta el carácter humanizador de la literatura (CANDIDO, 1992), así como para la importancia de que sea realizado un trabajo con la multimodalidad, de manera a hacer que diferentes modalidades semióticas sean consideradas como productoras de sentido.