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Patrões, fregueses e donos : economia e xamanismo no médio rio Negro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-07) Nascimento, Luiz Augusto Sousa do; Andrello, Geraldo Luciano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5447074379881029; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0067180317703162
The thesis is the result of an ethnographic research in the Middle Rio Negro region of the Amazonian northwest. This region is inhabited by multiethnic populations (Arawak, Eastern Tukano and Yanomami), predominantly for the baré group, which participates in a broad process of sociality with multiple agents, both human and nonhuman. It is tried to present the perspective of the Baré as to the economic system of which they participate, considering this wide range of relations. From the narratives and reports from daily life, I address issues such as the occupation of the present territory, the constitution of communities, work on the extraction of piaçaba and its link with other worlds and their owners. From the baré point of view, I try to elaborate an anthropological reflection about the main gears of the economic system in which they participate - the regime de aviamento, in which patrons and customers connect in symmetrical and asymmetric relations. In this context, I discuss the encounters between humans and non-humans in different social spaces: the river, the forest and the community. The meetings in these spaces are a complex and complex system that includes patrons, patrons, owners, recipients, prayers, shamans, enchants, and whose synthesis can be taken from a baré story: "Together and mixed are true peoples, inhabitants of the forest and Rivers ".
Análise paleoecológica e paleoparasitológica em coprólitos de vertebrados do quaternário do sítio paleontológico e arqueológico lagoa Uri de Cima (região de Salgueiro, Pernambuco, Brasil)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-07) Nascimento, Carolina Santa Isabel; Souza, Clovis Wesley Oliveira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0781683628437007; Fernandes, Marcelo Adorna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6709493251686592; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7203897870769014
Paleoparasitology is the study of recovered parasites from human and no human animals remains. One of the main focuses of the Paleoparasitolgy are coprolites, from which various parasitic structures can be recovered. In this work 24 coprolites from different zoological origins were observed by optical microscopy. They were donated by the Laboratório de Paleoparasitologia of the Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública (ENSP)/Fiocruz in a partnership with the Laboratório de Paleoecologia e Paleoicnologia (LPP), Universidade Federal de São Carlos. The samples come from the paleontological and archaeological site Lagoa Uri de Cima, located in the region of Salgueiro, State of Pernambuco (Brazil), in semi-arid region in the Brazilian Northeast. Although necrobioma formed by fungi was found in 45.83% of the samples and by mites in 8.33% of them, it was still possible to recover items such as diet remnants and parasitic structures, as well as sponge spicules, diatom and other biological items. In the paleoparasitological analysis, main objective of the work, two of the samples were positive for gastrointestinal parasites. The sample A2726 (8,800 ± 1320 years BP) presented Cestoda eggs, similar to Diphyllobothrium sp., and A2712 (4,600 ± 900 years BP) presented one Nematoda larvae and 260 Eimeria sp. oocysts, possibly a new species of this genus. The presence of only one species, but with more than one morphotype, was suggested by a graphical analysis, unprecedented for this purpose, visualized with the software Gephi v. 0.9.1. The positive results for parasitology support the zoological origin of the coprolites and indicating that the animal populations of the Pleistocene/Holocene that lived in the surroundings of the Uri de Cima were affected by parasitoses. The relationship between necrobioma and organic matter present in the fecal matters, the taphonomic agents that may alter the initial characteristics of the material and the possible implications in the parasite relations in situations of loss of hosts and reservoirs due to extinctions are also discussed here.
Merleau-Ponty e a experiência do espaço
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-07) Marques, Rafaela Ferreira; Moutinho, Luiz Damon Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9475267722538751; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3913396040221427
Le travail suivant étudie la question de l’espace à partir des œuvres de jeunesse de Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Pour cela, on est revenu au problème de la perception et du corps, puisqu’ils ont une interdépendance par rapport au premier. Initialement, on a examiné le début de la discussion sur l’expérience perceptive existant dans La structure du comportement; il est devenu clair que les alternatives classiques de l’en-soi et du pour-soi n’en sont pas convenables. Deuxièmement, on a travaillé sur la critique à la pensée objective, développée, principalement, à partir de la Phénoménologie de la perception; afin de critiquer le préjugé du monde “tout fait” où l’espace est identifié à celui de la géométrie. Le caractère préobjectif et anteprédicatif du corps a été démontré; de plus, on a vu que le corps n’est pas seulement à l’espace, mais il habite l’espace. Il rendre possible toutes nos expériences, celle de l’espace incluse; en ce moment du texte, la motricité comme intentionnalité originaire a ressorti en démontrant que le corps autant que notre “ancrage dans le monde”, habite l’espace, mais y fait aussi; il n’y a, donc, espace sans corps. Finalement, on a étudié l’expérience de l’espace dans le domaine préobjectif du monde, ce qui a démontré l’existence de plusieurs espaces, contrairement à ce qu’établi la pensée objective. On a conclu le travail avec la réflexion sur l’expérience esthétique autant qu’une autre manière de relever ce caractère originaire du monde de la perception.
Mídias digitais e horizontes de aspiração : um estudo sobre a comunicação em rede entre mulheres das classes populares brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-07) Facioli, Lara Roberta Rodrigues; Escudeiro, Richard Miskolci; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1623888309974862; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0342941917131063
This dissertation seeks to understand what I call the aspiration horizons of women from brazilian popular classes and how the access to digital media allows a sociality around the negotiation of the limits and possibilities of such horizons. The objective was to show the context of housing, leisure and work of the subjects, in order to understand that the digital media are mobilized according to social relations established beyond them. This work is in agreement with the theories of the social modeling of technology to understand that both the nature of digital media and the needs and desires of users shape the meaning and utility of a technology in a given historical moment and context. In this sense, technologies are used according to social class relations, gender, sexuality, generational issues, among other aspects that need to be understood. In the same way, the media interfere in the daily life of the subjects, transforming their relations and, sometimes, increasing the possibility of access to diverse cultural repertoires. The empirical field was built on the Internet through Social Networking Service Platforms such as Facebook and Whatsapp, seeking to observe the network sociality of women in the research, their postings, shares, likes and exposure dynamics; outside of the Internet, I did an ethnography in the Baixada Fluminense and in the popular classes of the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro in order to access their daily lives, their places of residence, their structure of access to technology, their circulation throughout the city and their moments of recreation.
O enredo assistencial de uma organização de atleta evangélico : a fundação Edmilson na cidade paulista de Taquaritinga
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-07) Batista, Breno Minelli; Souza, André Ricardo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7016915324466152; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0794829397530158
The care work comprises a very heterogeneous field of the third sector. The constitution and motivation to carry out this activity is linked by many authors to religious aspects, throughout history. However, the scope of religion in the segment of non-governmental institutions that practice care activities is quite broad and still unknown in certain aspects. Considering this context, the research that generated this dissertation had as its objective the study of the political-assistance plot of the Edmilson Foundation located in Taquaritinga-SP, founded and led by a former soccer player who worked abroad and was a five-time world champion: José Edmilson Gomes de Moraes. The investigative work involved: bibliographical review; Information gathering on social networks, newspapers and news portals; And semi-structured interviews with members of the foundation. It sought to evaluate how the aspects arising from other social fields and components of the care work present in this organization, led by an evangelical athlete with an international reputation, were developed.
Michel de Montaigne : conversações sobre educação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-07) Morador, Natanailtom de Santana; Maamari, Adriana Mattar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5707827597161294; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2079836931201681
Cette recherche a conduit a une réflexion sur la question de l'éducation dans les Essais de Michel de Montaigne. Ensuit, dans le premier moment, nous avons cherché à comprendre les caractéristiques qui ont marqué l'écriture d´Essais, à savoir, la forme essayistique, une fois que la forme et le contenu sont associés quand nous parlons des textes montaigniens. De cette façon pars de cette particularité de l'écriture, nous avons sélectionné les chapitres dans lesquels le sujet est plus présent et aprés ce choix, nous avons cherché à comprendre les lectures que Montaigne a faite des penseurs gréco-romains, ainsi que l'influence qu'ils s´ont exercé sur l'essayiste, en plus, l´inflexions que Montaigne a opéré sur le thème de l'éducation. On pourrait affirmer que Montaigne, à plusieurs égards se distancie de ses prédécesseurs et au lieu de faire une proposition d´une éducation dans la conception universel, il propose un processus de formation très particulière, qu'il prend en compte les individualités de chaque sujet et prend comme référence ses propres expériences formatrices. Ainsi, Montaigne propose une éducation qui prend le monde comme un livre et qui il se produit de nombreuses différentes façons: avec le précepteur, avec des livres, à travers les voyages et le « commerce des hommes», à savoir, la «conversation ». Montaigne transmetre un nouveau signifié au terme conversation, qui étais pris généralement en considération, par les traités italiens, comme un art de parler bien, et le donne un sens formative que il s´approche de ce que Cicéron entendait par conversatio. De cette façon, Montaigne comprend la formation comme un processus continu et la «conversation» - conference - serait le moyen par lequel les âmes s´exerceraient et les hommes formeraient ses jugements pour vivre et mourir bien, et donc c´est une des étapes les plus significatifs de ce processus.Cependant, Montaigne va bien au-delà de ces questions pour développer une critique aux collèges de leur temps et l'éducation par rapport à des méthodes répétitives et les châtiments corporels au détriment de la défense d’une formation qui fait l’instruction doucement et que compte tenu de la singularité de chaque enfant, ce qu'Il rend que, leurs idées d'éducation, sont encore courant.
Do outro lado do altar : padres casados e militância católica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-07) Brentan, Marcelo Fernandes; Souza, André Ricardo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7016915324466152; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3423364045141868
This research studies by Oral History of Life, recordkeeping and theoretical procedures of sociology of religion, the political actions of married priests and their wives from the Administrative Institute of Jesus the Good Shepherd (IAJES) in the context of the military dictatorship between 1970 and 1985, under influence of the Liberation`s Theology, and the operation of the base ecclesial communities (BECs), between its begginig and endind period (1969-1996) in the Alto Paraná region, in the cities of Andradina-SP and Três Lagoas-MS, organizing and constituting religious and politic militancy in the region and in Brazil in the past, and currently remains through branches as the Married Priests Movement of Brazil (MPC). For this we analyzed the organizational structure of IAJES and MPC, its operation and how do they positioned in front of the church`s symbolism in relation to married priests and their wifes. Thus, we analyze the break with clerical celibacy imposed by the priestly-traditional catholic power and its legitimation and distinctions in contemporary Brazil.
Análise das transações dos pequenos produtores hortícolas da região Serrana do estado do Rio de Janeiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-07) Mozambani, Carlos Ivan; Souza Filho, Hildo Meirelles de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3740950346967524; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1411301521327027
The objective this research is to identify and describe the main governance structures adopted by small farmers in Serrana region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, as well as to determine the factors that explain the adoption of these structures. The theoretical basis used was the Transaction Cost Economics. The method used was exploratory quantitative, with a survey containing 262 small farmer. These were statistically selected from lists of producers supplied by unions in each of the 7 cities in the region. A structured questionnaire was applied so that 567 transactions involving vegetables were identified. An indicator of coordination intensity was constructed to identify the governance structures adopted in such transactions. Four different groups of coordination intensity were formed, allowing comparative analysis using descriptive statistic. It follows an estimation of an ordered logit regression in order to idenfy factors explaining the four groups of coordination intensity. There is evidence of the predominance of hybrid forms of governance in transactions involving small farmers with their buyers. The high level of physical specificity and / or intermediate levels of human specificity were statistically significant as determinant factors explaining the adoption of governance structures with greater coordination intensity. The size of the property under management of horticulturists was also significant, however, in this case, larger farmers showed a greater probability of adopting structures with less intensity of coordination. The presence of resource sharing among these agents promotes commitment among the parties, generating an informal mechanism in the transaction and differentiating them from the traditional spot market. Buyers have developed good reputation, generating trust-based commitments.
LGBTTrabalhadores : trajetórias de vida e representações sociais sobre trabalho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-07) Juliani, Rafael Paulino; Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6883107639714357
By conceiving sex, gender and sexuality based on binary, natural and fixed systems and by organizing the social practices from the premise that heterosexuality is the only and correct way to live the sexuality, it is said that our society is, hegemonically, heteronormative. Thus, all other forms of configuration and experience of gender identities and sexualities that permeate the binary ends (male/female, heterosexual/homosexual) are marginalized. So, it’s perceived the psychosocial exclusion of LGBT people (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) in different spheres of social life, also significantly impacting their working possibilities and relationships. This scenario, in Brazil, has been increasing since the 1990s, when profound changes into the world of work has been hampering even more the access and the permanence to it of people that, visibly, do not fit the standard of the formal labor market. This dissertation aims to analyze the social representations of a group of people who look out of place of the heteronormative standards, whether by sexual orientation or gender identity, about their relationships with work. The informations were obtained by means of a bibliographical and documentary survey, and also by the application of semistructured interviews and analyzed from the construction of thematic categories, such as: family, school and work. The material obtained points to experiences of prejudice in the family, school and professional environments that impact on the way the subjects perceive themselves and the others and condition the way they socially relate. Mainly, school and work acquire a sense of space for living constraints, suffering and struggle against prejudice, but also of overcoming, accomplishing, social utility and exercise of citizenship. The respondents have difficulties in the formal labor market, or as self-employed and micro-entrepreneurs, but they are not exempt from prejudices, constraints and the feeling that they must be model workers to guarantee their work, even if, not exceptionally, they have to experiment situations that are true proofs of resistance for their permanence in the organizations. It is hoped that the reflection on the life histories of the interviewees can support and stimulate policies and practices of work management that are inclusive and do not discriminate LGBT workers.
Ações de Zr2 fixando RPj U CPk
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-07) Lima, Amanda Ferreira de; Pergher, Pedro Luiz Queiroz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3328545959112090; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3151366490993937
The classification up to equivariant cobordism of smooth involutios (M, T) having fixed set F is a classical problem in cobordism theory. This classification has been studied for several cases of F, of which we highlight the following: For F = RPj, the j-dimensional real projective space, the classification was established by P. E. Conner, E. E. Floyd and R. E. Stong in [6] and [26]. In [24], D. C. Royster studied this problem with F = RPj U RPk, for naturals numbers j and k, except when j and k are both even and greater than zero. R. Oliveira, P. L. Q. Pergher and A. Ramos established the classification for F = RPj U RPk where j = 2 and k is even in [17]. The general case where j and k are both even and greater than zero is still open. For F = CPj and F = HPj, where CPj and HPj are the corresponding complex and quaternionic projective spaces, the classification was established by P. L. Q. Pergher and A. Ramos in [21]. They also established the classification for F = CPj U CPk and F = HPj U HPk, except when j and k are both even and greater than zero, but they resolved this problem for the particular case j = 2* and k even. As in the real case, also for complex and quaternionic projective spaces, the general case where j and k are both even and greater than zero is still open. In this work we deal with the classification, up to equivariant cobordism, of the pairs (M, T) for which the fixed point set is F = RPj U CPk, including the “hard”case where j and k are both even and greater than zero. We also extend the classification for Z^-actions in the case that both dimensions are even.
Roteirização de navios com restrições de estoque na indústria petrolífera : contribuições em modelagem matemática e abordagens de solução
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-07) Stanzani, Amélia de Lorena; Morabito Neto, Reinaldo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4194801952934254; Pureza, Vitória Maria Miranda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9202201560058916; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5132540597967131
Vehicle routing problems occur in many practical situations where the distribution of goods and / or services to different demand points is necessary. In this context, this research aims to study a ship routing and scheduling problem that arises at the collection and delivery operations of different types of crude oil from offshore platforms to coastal terminals. In the paradigm adopted for the representation of the problem, the transportation is largely the result of the need to maintain inventories at each supply point (platforms) between minimum and maximum levels, considering production rates on these operating points and the demand attendance of each product in the coastal terminals. The routing and scheduling of the fleet aims to achieve minimum variable cost solutions, and considers various operational constraints, such as the maximum cargo volume transported on each ship, the ships mooring in the operational points ports, the simultaneous unloading of the ships in terminals with more than one berth, among many others. In this research, Inventory Constrained Routing Problem (ICRP) models in the maritime context have been modified and extended for appropriately representating and solving real problems based on data collected in a case study performed on a Brazilian oil company, involving relatively short distances and time horizons. Small sized instances are solved by a mathematical programming software. Given the difficulties of solving larger examples, this study proposes a multistart heuristic method that includes a metaheuristic GRASP and improvement procedures, and also a rolling horizon heuristic. Both methods provide feasible good quality solutions in reasonable computing times. In order to improve the quality of the solutions found by these constructive methods, it is also discussed a procedure that combines the mathematical programming software and local search heuristic methods (matheuristic). The results show the potential of the proposed models and solution methods to tackle the problem and produce competitive solutions.
Síntese de cerâmicas tipo perovskita com potencial uso em células solares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-07) Nascimento, Cássia Costa; Morelli, Márcio Raymundo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0172837599844991; Bretas, Rosario Elida Suman; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2805349172281345; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6678673458220466
Visible light accounts for the biggest fraction of the solar irradiance. One of the strategies for achieving higher photovoltaic power conversion efficiency is the application of low band-gap materials (Eg ideal≈1.4 eV) capable of absorbing this fraction of the solar spectrum. Ferroelectric semiconductors have been studied in this field due to the above-bandgap generated photovoltages and their ferroelectric polarization-driven carrier separation. Ferroelectric oxides usually present wide bandgaps which allow the absorption of only 8-20% of the solar spectrum. However, the development of new ferroelectric materials, particularly KBNNO [KNbO3]0,9[BaNi0,5Nb0,5O3-δ ]0,1 (Eg = 1.39 eV) and KBiFe2O5 (Eg=1,60 eV), has encouraged the use of such materials in solar cells. Simple synthesis routes, with short steps, time and temperatures are essential for the future progress of the application of such ferroelectric oxides in solar cells. KBNNO and KBiFe2O5 require high crystallization temperatures, which reduce the number of potential substrates and electrode materials that could be used in devices, as polymer-based flexible ones. Obtaining this oxides in a high surface-area powder form might be a strategy to further incorporation in solar cells composed of low-temperature processing materials. This work reports for the first time synthesis of KBNNO and KBiFe2O5 by solution combustion (SCS). Characterization by WAXD, SEM, EDS, TG/DSC and Diffuse Reflectance UV-Vis Spectroscopy and dielectric constants indicates the success of the synthesis. The optical properties show the visible-light absorption contribution and band-gaps closer to the ideal magnitude for solar applications compared to the non doped materials. The SCS was shown as an effective route to obtaining the phase. Furthermore, it is possible to improve it in order to produce powders with smaller particle size and absent of secondary phases.
Capacidade tecnológica territorial : conceito, modelo e aplicações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-07) Santos, Carlos Eduardo Silva; Batalha, Mario Otávio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9447155445748601
The territory presents itself as a space of analysis where several elements are considered and attributes can, in the delimitation and in the understanding of its development dynamics be used. This work is based on the premise that territories have a set of characteristics that stimulate or hinder the technological development of their socioeconomic agents. This thesis advocates that in addition to discussing and identifying these factors, it is important to measure them in the most objective way possible. In this multifaceted framework of development, technological innovations are seen as important determinants of competitiveness. In fact, the search for technological and managerial resources, whether public or private, to increase competitiveness, goes beyond the scope of entrepreneurial ventures and even agroindustrial systems, reaching the territories and regions. A significant part of the Brazilian municipalities has its socio-productive activities based on the rural environment and agribusiness. Knowing the technological capability of territories can provide relevant subsidies for the application of public policies that stimulate the generation, transfer and adoption of agricultural technological innovations contributing to territorial development. This situation emphasizes the importance of evaluating the capability of a given territory to provide favorable conditions for the technological development of socioeconomic agents and their agroindustrial chains. The objective of this work is to establish a concept and propose a model of measurement of territorial technological capability, verifying its empirical applicability in a territory for determined agroindustrial production systems. Based on the literature review was established the concept and proposed a model of measurement of territorial technological capability. Through a case study in the territory of Northwest Paulista, interviews were conducted with agents that support innovation in agriculture, related to productive chains of eggs and rubber, with the application of structured questionnaires. The proposed concept opens the possibility of approaching the technological development of territories under a new perspective, offering subsidies for this development with a focus on agroindustry chains. The model presents different results for the territorial technological capability in relation to the egg and rubber production system in the Northwest of São Paulo. The territory presents an intermediate level of technological capability for the production of eggs and a pre-advanced level for the production of rubber. This sensitivity of the model is expressed in a general indicator, as well as in specific indicators related to the dimensions, elements and descriptors that characterize the model.