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Geração e difusão do conhecimento : estudo dos relacionamentos no processo de internacionalização da Chery Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-10)
Françoso, Ana Beatriz Lopes
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Sacomano Neto, Mário
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0000793038362058
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6475964807365101
When it comes to internalization of companies, there are several factors that drive companies to venture into new markets, such as the increasement of the competition and the facilities of trade and production in other countries. However it is indispensable that the company knows the market in which it will operate. And one of the ways is to establish new relationships with agents in the new country, and so acquire new knowledge that will contribute to the evolution of the internationalization’s process of the company in the new country. This research refers, then to the understanding of how occurs the generation and dissemination of knowledge that is acquired from the relationship inter and intra-organizational level which changes the operation’s mode of the multinational company by the time, within its internationalization process. Through the behavioral theories such as the model of Uppsala, the literature of subsidiaries’ development and relational model, it was possible to analyze the relationships that were articulate by the company and analyze the knowledge for it acquired and disseminated. To conduct the research, a unique case study of qualitative nature was developed, under a longitudinal perspective, which involved a Brazilian subsidiary called Chery Brazil Manufacture Importation and Distribution Ltda., which the head office is a Chinese origin. This present research showed that it is evident that in its internationalization path, the relationships inter and intra-organizational were fundamental to Cherry Brazil, regarding the generation and dissemination of different type of knowledge and these were decisive for the modification of its mode of operation, which secured their stay in the country.
Estudo e descrição de uma nova icnoespécie de artrópode da formação Botucatu (jurássico superior — cretáceo inferior) da bacia do Paraná, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-10)
Peixoto, Bernardo de Campos Pimenta e Marques
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Fernandes, Marcelo Adorna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6709493251686592
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573423793948112
Here we describe the new ichnospecies Lithographus araraquarensis isp. nov.. A trackway composed by two rows, whose internal width between the rows is less than 1/3 of the external width; with alternating to staggered series, composed of three elliptical tracks that can vary from slightly elongated, tapered or circular. The slabs were found in the Araraquara region, São Paulo State, in the yellowish/reddish sandstones of the Botucatu Formation, interpreted as a testimony of a gigantic aeolian depositional system, a sandsea (erg), with an arid climate that developed during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous in the Center-South part of Gondwana. Through comparisons with neoichnological studies and morphological deduction, the production of these trackways is assigned to the pterygote insects, which have walked over the unconsolidated sandy substrate. Lithographus araraquarensis isp. nov. was probably produced by beetles that had a flexible diet and were part of the fauna of detritivores omnivores that fed on biomass particles that accumulated in the slipface of the dunes of the Botucatu paleodesert, being able to adopt herbivorous and saprophagous diet when opportune. The description of this new trackway amplifies the knowledge about the faunistic composition of the Botucatu paleodesert and provides subsidies to better understand its paleoenvironment and the ecological relations prevailing at the time. Probably, the producer of Lithographus araraquarensis isp. nov., together with the producers of Taenidium isp. and Skolithos linearis, ware a source of food for primary consumers, represented by arachnids, such as scorpions and spiders, and small mammaliforms. The above trophic level was constituted by theropod dinosaurs of the group Coelurosauria and Carnosauria, and large mammaliforms, which predated smaller theropods and dinosaurs of the Ornithopoda group. Any new occurrences of Lithographus araraquarensis isp. nov. in stratigraphic units of other localities, representing other times, should be analyzed in the light of the ichnofacies model. The recurrence of Lithographus araraquaraensis isp. nov. in aeolian units, and with differentiated abundance in relation to non-aeolian units, could indicate an analogous paleoenvironment to the Botucatu Formation, that is, an arid desert. Both the confirmation and the refutation of recurrence would enrich the theoretical framework of the invertebrate ichnofacies Octopodichnus-Entradichnus for eolian environment.
Efeito do sistema de fermentação, da adição de etanol ao tratamento ácido e da contaminação por Lactobacillus sp na produção de etanol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-10)
Costa, Marcelo Augusto de Souza
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Ceccato-Antonini, Sandra Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7600793543184032
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4776573073140781
The fermentation is one of the most critical steps of the fuel ethanol production. Some factors directly influence the fermentation efficiency, such as the fermentation system, the selected yeast and the bacterial contamination, especially from the genus Lactobacillus. For the control of the contamination, the industries apply antibiotics and biocides, however, these products can result in increased cost and environmental problems for the industry. The use of the acid treatment (sulphuric acid solution, pH 2.0) of the cells between the cycles of fermentation is not always effective to combat the bacterial contamination. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of fermentation system – simple batch and fed batch – on the contamination of the sugarcane juice with Lactobacillus sp, in a cell-recycled fermentation with the selected yeast strain of S. cerevisiae PE-2. Following, the effect of ethanol addition to the acid treatment was evaluated to control the bacterial growth in fed-batch system with cell recycle. In the fed-batch system, a higher ethanol production and efficiency was verified, as well as a higher logarithmic variation of the yeast growth. The bacterium L. fermentum was more harmful to the fermentation than L. plantarum, resulting in more sugar left in the fermented must and lower fermentative efficiency, in both systems. The effect of contaminations in the single batch system was higher than in the fed-batch system especially since the substrate feeding allowed a better yeast development, which could be more competitive with the contaminant bacterium. Regarding the modification in the acid treatment performed between the fermentative cycles, only with the acid treatment, the population of L. fermentum reduced almost 3 log cycles at the end of the sixth fermentative cycle, however, when 5% of ethanol was added to the acid solution, the bacterium lost completely the cell viability right after the first fermentative cycle. There was no alteration in the ethanol production in the fermentation contaminated with L. fermentum, comparing the cell treatments with and without the addition of 5% ethanol. The acid treatment + 5% ethanol was able to reduce the population of L. fermentum without impact to the fermentative efficiency and with a low residual sugar concentration in the fermentative must (around 4 g/100 mL), at the end of six ninehour fermentative cycles, in fed-batch system.
Rede de Urgência e Emergência: um estudo de caso na Região Coração do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-10)
Pereira, Ana Paula Fernandes
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Lima, Valéria Vernaschi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7945420582384290
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Feliciano, Adriana Barbieri
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9398810638733882
This study will analyze changes in the implantation of Urgency and Emergency Netwok (RUE) health system in the region of Coração, state of São Paulo, as well as RUE challenges and achievements in this location based on guidelines described in official documentation which organize the implantation of RUE. This investigation was composed of a descriptive and exploratory case study that is based on qualitative research concepts to identify elements for analysis of the implantation, and it was performed in two stages: theoretical analysis and semi-structured interview. The method Analysis of Contents was utilized for data analysis of interviews. Based on information from documents and data analysis of interviews the material was organized in categories and defined in five themes: (1) History of RUE in the region of Coração; (2) Relations between National Department of Health, Regional Department of Health (DRS) and Municipalities in the construction of RUE; (3) Variables contributing to the implantation of RUE, and (4) Co-management as a device contributing to the consolidation of RUE, and (5) Resistance at change in the organization hamper at the process in implantation gives RUE. This study allowed to realize that National Department of Health’s activity is acknowledged both as encouraging and troublesome for the implantation of RUE. Obstacles in the proposition of a health project which could overcome party-political relations and local interests. Sub-funds are a challenge for the realization of RUE especially in small municipalities, and it makes the implantation of local and regional Emergency Mobile Support Service (SAMU) difficult. The study enlists some elements promoting RUE, such as the relevance of scheduled meetings between representative parties of RUE devices and municipalities of the region, the creation of a regulative forum for assessment of distribution and flow of patients, and management resources contributing to the organization of care support inside the “Hospital Entry Doors”. Therefore, this study has showed that financial investments are required in order to implant RUE in this location – one of the difficulties highlighted by municipalities involved – and that a project towards consolidation of Global Care System (SUS) and patient care must be prioritized in relation with local party-political projects
Utilização do metabissulfito de potássio no processo de fermentação etanólica para controle de leveduras e bactérias contaminantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-11)
Paraluppi, Anna Lívia
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Ceccato-Antonini, Sandra Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7600793543184032
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6027643222021867
One of the main concerns in the ethanol-producing industries is the growth control of undesirable microorganisms that can cause decrease in the fermentative yield. Among non-Saccharomyces yeasts which can contaminate the fermentation process, the genus Dekkera is the most important because it is able to grow in fermentation conditions and be adapted to the substrates. Regarding the bacteria, Lactobacillus is the most representative genus. In the wine industry, several antimicrobial agents are utilized to control the undesirable yeast and bacteria populations, among them the sulphur dioxide (SO2) which is used in the form of sulphite salts. However, the microbial control by this substance is not known yet in the sugar and alcohol industries, in which the acid treatment of the cells and antibiotics are largely utilized to control the growth of bacteria. In this context, this work aimed to verify the effect of the addition of potassium metabisulphite (PMB) in two steps of the fermentative process for fuel alcohol production: to the raw sugarcane juice and to the acid treatment of the cells. In the first step, PMB concentration and exposure time to the antimicrobial were determined to cause decrease in the number of native yeast and bacteria in the sugarcane juice. Secondly, the minimum inhibitory concentration of PMB was determined to control the growth of Dekkera bruxellensis, an important yeast contaminant of the alcoholic fermentation, when added to the acid treatment of the cells, both in pure culture and in co-culture with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus fermentum. The effect of this treatment on the fermentative parameters was also analysed. The PMB was effective to control the growth of native yeast and bacteria in the sugarcane juice at the concentration of 800 mg/L with exposure time that varied from 3 to 6 hours, resulting in a maximal reduction of one log cycle for yeasts and from 1.5 to 1.9 log cycles for bacteria. When added to the acid treatment of the cells (pH 2.0), a reduction of approximately one log cycle of D. bruxellensis was verified from the concentration of 225 mg/L of PMB. However, in co-culture with S. cerevisiae and L. fermentum, this concentration also resulted in the decrease of S. cerevisiae cell number, with negative effect on ethanol production. In a cell-recycled batch fermentation, the combination of acid treatment and 150 mg/L of PMB caused a substantial decrease in S. cerevisiae viability as well in the growth of both contaminants, with reduction in the ethanol production and fermentative efficiency. Although the potassium metabisulphite is effective in the context of wine fermentation, it was not appropriate to the fuel ethanol production especially due to the peculiar characteristics of the substrate and the conditions in which the fermentation is carried out.
A construção da imagem de Hugo Chávez por documentários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-11)
Paiva, Gabriela Pandeló
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Chaia, Vera Lucia Michalany
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2351981436811918
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Azevedo, Fernando Antonio Farias de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6291864794986993
The 90s in Venezuela consists in the decline of the Punto Fijo Pact, an agreement between the political elites to maintain the democratic order. In the Latin American context, this period, followed by the transition to the 21th century, can be represented by important events such as the rupture with a liberal economy and a change in the political scenario that became more interested with social issues, such as the fight against poverty. In Venezuela, the government of Hugo Chávez, a leader which support divided the nation, represents this political moment. With a controversial representation by many means of communication around the world, the aim of this research is to analyze how his image as president and leader of the Bolivarian Revolution is built. To fulfill these goals, the empirical material used are the following documentaries: "South of the Border" (Oliver Stone, 2010), "Mi Amigo Hugo" (Oliver Stone, 2014) e "Chavez: Inside the Coup" (Kim Bartleyl e Donnacha O'Briain, 2003). These films are imagetic documents pro-Chávez which registry will stay for posterity and its analysis will register the positive aspects of his legacy.
Tecnologia e concepção de sistemas estruturais híbridos de concreto para edifícios de múltiplos pavimentos no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-11)
Takata, Leandro Teixeira
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Almeida Filho, Fernando Menezes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0447825383222965
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Carvalho, Roberto Chust
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221
Considered as a modern method of construction (Modern Methods of Construction, or simply MMC), the hybrid construction system presents several advantages over other systems. It combines the benefits of precast construction with the advantages of cast in place with lower costs and higher quality of the elements, in addition to offer competitive (compared to more traditional) structures with good quality and durability. There is a great tendency in construction in trying to use characteristics of different constructive systems that can bring benefits in buildings. In hybrid construction systems, the idea is to use advantages of more than one system with different characteristics. In this work, the proposal is to look for systems, in principle, with characteristics of precast and cast in place, to use them in the same building. Some advantages and disadvantages of this system are presented, as well as the national and international scenario of their application. It is attempted to show from the current condition of civil construction, as it is already possible to apply the union of the two systems: the precast and cast in place concrete for making of vertical constructions. The idea of the work is to present a study of how structures with hybrid construction system can be applied in buildings. The interactions of the chosen systems are studied, how they can be executed in the face of different needs and conditions, and what costs entail the beginning and end of the work. Some examples of calculation are presented to illustrate the differences and similarities with cast in place and precast. An example of the cost between the constructive systems is also presented, so that they can serve as base for an additional option in the definition and choice of the constructive system.
Efeitos de nanodoses do inseticida tiametoxam para a abelha Melipona scutellaris Latreille, 1811 (Hymenoptera, Apidae): da absorção ao orgão alvo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-12)
Grella, Tatiane Caroline
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Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934724759636382
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7075958229722933
The Brazilian bees are responsible for pollinating about 40-90% of native plants according to the ecosystem. Among the species found in Brazil is Melipona scutellaris, eussocial, able to perform pollination by vibration. However, bee populations have been affected by the use of pesticides, such as thiamethoxam, a neonicotinoid and systemic insecticide, that is, its target organ is the brain and it can reach nectar and pollen through the sap of the plant. When the resources are ingested, the active ingredient first comes into contact with the intestine, the organ responsible for digestion and absorption, and then passes into the hemolymph, reaching the Malpighi tubules responsible for their filtration and excretion, as well as the brain, organ target. Due to the importance of understanding the metabolic pathway of this compound, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of nanodoses of the insecticide thiamethoxam in the intestine, Malpighi tubules and the brain of M. scutellaris forages. For this, the bees were collected directly from the colonies and exposed, orally, to sublethal doses of thiamethoxam, LC50 = 0.0453 ng i.a./μL diet; LC50 / 10 = 0.00453 ng i.a./μL diet and LC50 / 100 = 0.000453 ng i.a./μL diet. Then, they were dissected after the start of the exposure times, 1, 4, 8 and 24h, and subjected to the Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), HSP90 (Thermal Shock Protein) and Tunel (Cell Death Detection Kit) techniques. Through the HE technique it was possible to observe that the higher concentrations caused alterations in the cellular morphology in the three studied organs, such as increased cellular elimination, strongly stained nuclei, loss of cytoplasmic material and chromatin condensation. The HSP90 technique showed an increase in the expression of the heat shock protein according to the increase in concentration at certain times and a balance in its production between the three organs, that is, when the production increases in one organ it decreases in the Other, except for the analysis of the results for the highest concentration, of the longer time in the target organ, which suffered a fall, which may indicate cellular death, which was not evidenced by the Tunel technique in any organ. Thus, we conclude that nanodoses of the insecticide thiamethoxam cause morphological damage, increase the expression of heat shock proteins and can lead to death
Comparing two populations using Bayesian Fourier series density estimation
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-12)
Inacio, Marco Henrique de Almeida
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Izbicki, Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9991192137633896
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1931901020027887
Given two samples from two populations, one could ask how similar the populations are, that is, how close their probability distributions are. For absolutely continuous distributions, one way to measure the proximity of such populations is to use a measure of distance (metric) between the probability density functions (which are unknown given that only samples are observed). In this work, we work with the integrated squared distance as metric. To measure the uncertainty of the squared integrated distance, we first model the uncertainty of each of the probability density functions using a nonparametric Bayesian method. The method consists of estimating the probability density function f (or its logarithm) using Fourier series {f0;f1; :::;fI}. Assigning a prior distribution to f is then equivalent to assigning a prior distribution to the coefficients of this series. We used the prior suggested by Scricciolo (2006) (sieve prior), which not only places a prior on such coefficients, but also on I itself, so that in reality we work with a Bayesian mixture of finite dimensional models. To obtain posterior samples of such mixture, we marginalize out the discrete model index parameter I and use a statistical software called Stan. We conclude that the Bayesian Fourier series method has good performance when compared to kernel density estimation, although both methods often have problems in the estimation of the probability density function near the boundaries. Lastly, we showed how the methodology of Fourier series can be used to access the uncertainty regarding the similarity of two samples. In particular, we applied this method to dataset of patients with Alzheimer.
Avaliação da qualidade de vida de indivíduos com carcinoma bem diferenciado de tireoide através do WHOQOL-100
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-12)
Furino, Fernanda de Oliveira
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Germano, Carla Maria Ramos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1685750854841732
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1320368622089246
Background: Quality of life (QoL) is a broad construct that encompasses multidimensionality and subjectivity in its definition. This evaluation is being used in the oncological area. Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is one of the types of head and neck carcinomas that affect QoL. The differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) subtype comprises most cases. Total thyroidectomy is the chosen surgery in cases of DTC and some benign thyroid pathology. DTC treatment includes, in addition to surgery, radioiodine therapy and suppressive doses of levothyroxine. Although it is a carcinoma with an excellent prognosis, the impact of the diagnosis, the complexity of the treatment, clinical follow-up and the risk of recurrence may lead negative impacts on QoL. Objective: To evaluate the QoL of patients treated of DTC using the WHOQOL-100 questionnaire. Methodology: This study had a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional design. 300 individuals were evaluated and divided into the following groups: thyroid carcinoma (CaT), benign pathologies (PB) and control (C). Their QoL was measured using the WHOQOL-100 self-administered instrument. In the descriptive analysis, the categorical data were represented in absolute and relative frequencies and the numerical ones in average, standard deviation and standard error. The differences between averages of the quantitative variables were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn post-test, with a significance of 5%. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad prism 5® software. The evaluation of the interaction between the variables was conducted through stratified and multivariate analyzes (multiple correlation). The value of the regression parameter was defined as > 0.3 indicating a significant correlation value. Results: The domains that presented significantly reduced scores in CaT ≤ 45 years individuals were: physical health (p = 0.0115) in relation to group C; level of independence (p <0.0001) in relation to group C; The domain that presented a significantly increased score in CaT subjects ≤ 45 years was: environmental (p = 0.0064) in relation to groups C and PB. In the age range > 45 years, the domains that presented a significantly increased score in the CaT group were: environment (p = 0.0003) in relation to group C; Global QoL (p = 0.0129) in relation to group C. There were no significant differences in the psychological, social relations and spirituality domains between the groups. These results add to the existing literature new and recent knowledge about QoL in DTC patients, such as the finding of improvement in overall QoL in patients with DTC > 45 years; negative repercussion of the DTC on the physical health and level of independence domains in younger patients; importance of spirituality in Brazilian culture; higher scores in the environment domain in all ages of the individuals with DTC, which may reflect the success of programs designed to provide social and financial support to these patients. Discussion and conclusion: The adoption of some of the measures which may have important repercussions for the clinical practice are: actions that improve the patients' daily life should be adopted, such as the stimulating the practice of physical activity, follow-up and psychological support throughout the treatment for patients and their families, providing appropriate guidelines on the DTC and its treatment, as well as health promotion and awareness initiatives on DTC for the general population, individualized and agreed upon treatment with all the actors involved in patient care and provide adequate orientation about the rights of the patient with DTC, in order to ensure these individuals the opportunity to enjoy all the benefits guaranteed by Brazilian legislation.
Formação continuada na perspectiva colaborativa: subsídios para inclusão nas aulas de educação física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-13)
Oliveira, Ana Carolina Santana de
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Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2791098416503955
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1388052886677601
With the implementation of public policies related to school inclusion, particularly those targeted at the public of special education (PSE), number of students with special educational needs (SEN) enrolled in common classes’ increases. Physical Education, as a compulsory curricular component in Basic Education since the implementation of the National Education Guidelines Law (NEGL) in 1996, cannot fail to meet this student, especially those in a situation of inclusion in the regular classes, being one of the promoters within the daily school life with regard to conviviality and learning in diversity. From this perspective, several studies suggest the professional unpreparedness of teachers in relation to educational inclusion, either because they do not know how to deal with the deficiencies, or even because they are afraid to deal with the specificities of the students. Such professional unpreparedness is due to initial training or lack of continuing training, according to some recent research. Through this panorama, this research was based on collaborative teaching, which achieved promising results in promoting the inclusion of students with disabilities. Thus, the general objective of this research was to implement and evaluate a training program by means of collaboration for physical education teachers of regular schools in a medium-sized municipality in the interior of the state of Bahia. It was of the qualitative type that allows the deepening of a certain situation and direct contact of the researcher with the situation being investigated. After approval by the ethics committee, a survey was made of the existing schools in the municipality and according to the criteria established for inclusion in the survey, 14 schools were left 2 (one public and one private) that were selected. In these schools, 3 teachers with 5 PSE students were also selected. To carry out the training program, the research consisted of 3 stages. After the instruments were applied (interviews and questionnaire), six categories of analysis were obtained. Each category was analyzed qualitatively. As results achieved, the program was evaluated positively by teachers, understanding the importance of collaboration in their classes; and they have been able to understand that methodological modifications and adjustments are necessary for the effectiveness of school inclusion and that continuing education is necessary for pedagogical practices to be revised and modified towards the participation of all students. Collaborative work can achieve more positive results than if done individually, as long as there is involvement of all who directly benefit from this proposal, students and teachers. From the results achieved, it was possible to conclude that the participating teachers perceived the collaboration as positive, contributing significantly to overcome the challenges inherent in the practice of Physical Education, learning and participation of children with disabilities.
Papel do cortex pré-frontal medial no comportamento defensivo de camundongos : avaliação farmacológica da lateralização funcional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-13)
Costa, Nathália Santos
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Souza, Ricardo Luiz Nunes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2475842684688693
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0883202854043423
Stressful situations are risk factors to the development of neuropsychiatric diseases, as anxiety disorders. However, not everyone who experiences stressful events develops stress-related illness. That is due to the existence of differences in the ability to adapt to stress, that is, the manifestation of susceptibility or resilience phenotypes. The search for understanding neural systems involved to these differences has evidenced an important role of the medial Prefrontal Cortex (mPFC), and, recently, its functional lateralization has been highlighted. In this sense, the right mPFC (RmPFC) seems to modulate anxiogenic-like responses, while the left mPFC (LmPFC) would attenuate such responses, thereby facilitating animals to cope with threatening situations. If so, LmPFC inhibition would intensify ansiogenic-like behavior front to aversive stimuli. Under this hypothesis, one of the goals of the present study was to investigate whether the inhibition of the LmPFC could modulate the effect of two types of stress (the restraint and the social defeat) on anxiety. Yet, we also aimed to investigate whether NMDA-glutamate receptor would be involved to the anxiogenic-like effect induced by nitrergic activation of the RmPFC, given the anxiogenic potential of glutamate and the interaction already known between these neurotransmissions. To reach that, experiments were carried out (1) to characterize the effects of social defeat and restraint stress on animals exposed to elevated plus maze (EPM) 5 minutes or 24 hours later; (2) to evaluate the effects of restraint or social defeat combined to the synaptic inactivation (through nonspecific inhibitor, CoCl2) of the LmPFC on the defensive behavior of mice exposed to EPM 24 h after stress; (3) to investigate the effects of NMDA receptor antagonism and (4) the effect of that antagonism on anxiogenic-like effects induced by NO donor. The results showed that both restraint and defeat stress are anxiogenic at 5 minutes, but defeated mice do not display anxiety 24 h after stress. Furthermore, the synaptic inhibition produced a clear anxiogenic-like effect in defeated (but not restrained) mice. In addition, the blockade of NMDA receptors produced anxiolytic-like effects and reversed the anxiogenic effect induced by NO injection into the RmPFC. Taken together, these results corroborate previous studies demonstrating the functional lateralization of the mPFC, in which the right and left hemispheres seem to have distinct roles in the modulation of aversive events.
A região A5 e o controle respiratório durante o desenvolvimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-13)
Taxini, Camila Linhares
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Funk, Gregory Douglas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5940547908075562
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Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
The noradrenergic group A5 is located in the ventrolateral pons and contributes to the maturation of the respiratory system before birth in rats. These neurons are connected to the neural network responsible for respiratory rhythmogenesis. In the present study, we investigated: (1) the influence of the activation of noradrenergic neurons of the A5 region, via purinergic receptors, on the phrenic nerve activity by using in vitro preparations; (2) the participation of A5 noradrenergic neurons in neonates (P7-8 and P14-15) in the control of ventilation during hypoxia and hypercapnia in in vivo experiments by using chemical lesion with anti-dopamine-beta hydroxylase saporin (Anti-DBH-Sap); (3) the involvement of noradrenergic neurons of the A5 region in phrenic and sympathetic nerve activity during the activation of central and peripheral chemoreflex in juvenile rats in in situ preparation using Anti-DBH-Sap into A5 region. Activation of purinergic receptors in noradrenergic neurons of the A5 region by ATP (10 mM) decreased phrenic activity (C4), a reversible effect by applying the purinergic antagonist (Suramin, 10 μM). In vivo and in situ experiments, lesion of the noradrenergic neurons of the A5 region did not promote alteration of resting ventilatory parameters and during hypoxia and hypercapnia, but the sympatho-excitation elicited by either the stimulation of peripheral or central chemoreceptors was attenuated in A5-lesioned rats. Thus, our data suggest that ATP acting in the A5 region reduces respiratory activity after birth, via activation of purinergic receptors. However, from P7, noradrenergic neurons of the A5 region do not participate in the control of ventilation at baseline, or at the central and peripheral chemoreflex. Additionally, the noradrenergic neurons of the A5 region are part of the circuits recruited for the processing of the sympathetic response to the activation of central and peripheral chemoreceptors in unanesthetized juvenile rats.
Irrigação subsuperficial deficitária no cultivo de tomateiro em casa de vegetação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-17)
Mendonça, Thaís Grandizoli
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Boschi, Raquel Stucchi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5774095142035730
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Souza, Claudinei Fonseca
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4858219292242433
The tomato is a demanding crop in regards to water and is among the most consumed vegetables in Brazil. The search for alternatives to improve tomato productivity, as well as reduce the water use in the crop cycle, is essential for agricultural production and environment. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the contribution of subsurface drip irrigation to yield and fruit quality of Grape tomatoes and to estimate the water use efficiency (EUA). The experiment was carried out in the CCA / UFSCar and consisted of three treatments with four randomized blocks. Irrigation management considered the storage soil water capacity (CAD), the soil moisture being high according to the water content reference of the treatment, 0.33 (T1), 0.29 (T2) and 0.25 m3 m-3 (T3), corresponding to 100 % replacement of CAD, and deficit irrigations of 75 and 50 % of CAD, respectively. Water content was monitored by TDR probes and the roots depth obtained through a root images scanner. The Grape tomatoes were transplanted under drip lines installed at 0.20 m depth. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the fruits were evaluated in relation to the proposed treatments, being: fruits number per plant, average fruit mass and productivity, quantitative characteristics and; Diameter, length, soluble solids, fruit pH and dry mass of leaves and stem, qualitative characteristics. The total water applied was 1297 mm in T1, 471 mm in T2 (36 % of water applied in T1) and 234 mm in T3 (18 % of T1). Among the characteristics evaluated, the T2 did not differ from the T1 treatment, except in the diameter and pH. The T3 treatment was equal to T1 only in the fruits number per plant. The average fruit mass was different among all treatments and there was no difference between soluble solids values. The T3 treatment obtained higher EUA, followed by T2 and T1, but did not have higher productivity nor better results in other evaluated attributes. Deficit subsurface irrigation of 75 % of CAD did not interfere in Grape tomato productivity and fruit quality, being the most recommended because of qualitative and quantitative attributes similar to full irrigation and to increase the EUA. It is concluded that deficit subsurface irrigation had productivity and fruit quality of Grape tomatoes like full irrigation when used 75 % of CAD, increased the water use efficiency and contributed with water use reduction in crop cycle.
Inclusão de diversidade em consultas aos vizinhos mais próximos usando descritores distintos para similaridade e diversidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-18)
Cardoso, Ana Claudia
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Bueno, Renato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7189857417959804
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3010740496718338
One of the ways to recover images in a database is through similarity queries. Using characteristics extracted from these images, such as color, shape or texture, this work seeks to identify similarities to a central query element. However, the results may be very similar to each other, which is not always the expected result. In addition to the redundancy in the results, the problem of the ’semantic gap’, which is a divergence in the evaluation of similarity between images performed by the computer considering its numerical representation (low level characteristics) and the human perception about the image (high level characteristics). In order to improve the quality of the results, we sought to minimize the issue of redundancy and the ’semantic gap’ through the use of more than one descriptor in queries for similarity. We sought to explore the inclusion of diversity using one descriptor to treat similarity and another descriptor to treat diversity, more generally a metric space for similarity and another for diversity. For the implementation of the query by similarity was used the consultation to several neighbors closer. Considering that the descriptors may be distinct and one of them may have greater numerical representativeness, it was necessary to do the normalization, considering the methods of normalization by the greater distance and normalization by the greater approximate distance with balancing by the intrinsic dimension. An exhaustive search algorithm was used to perform the tests. The experiments were carried out in a classified database. To evaluate the semantic quality of the results, a measure was proposed that evaluates the inclusion of diversity considering the diversity present in the query only considering the similarity and the maximum diversity that can be included. A comparison was made between the result obtained and the considered ideal, which refers to the value of l defined by the user himself. By comparing the results obtained with the results obtained in the queries for a single descriptor, the evaluation of the included diversity followed the trend of l, which allows to say that normalization and balancing is necessary. In addition, it is intended in the future to study new ways of normalizing.
Qualidade microbiológica, físico-química, instrumental e sensorial de marcas de açúcares mascavo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-19)
Silva, Rodrigo França da
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Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470912236544684
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6811323057959894
The present work aimed to evaluate the microbiological, physical-chemical, instrumental and sensory quality of brown sugar brands in order to produce data on the identity of this product. We analyzed 15 brands, obtained in supermarkets and stores of integral products of the region of Araras - SP. For microbiological analysis, the aim was to analyze the mesophilic bacteria, molds and yeasts, as well as Salmonella and total coliforms. It was also evaluated aspects of moisture and water activity, as well as polarization, ashes, reducing sugars, total reducing sugars and pH. We also sought to evaluate the preference and difference terms of the brands, using the sensorial analysis. Four of the brands studied were above international standards for mesophilic bacteria. All brands show compliance how much total coliforms and Salmonella evaluated. The analyzes of moisture and water activity ranged from 0.74 to 4.36%, and from 0.55 to 0.72, respectively. In terms of polarization the marks varied from 84.00 to 96.50 ° S, for ash the variation was between 0.33 and 2.65%, in relation to the reducing sugars the values were between 4.90 and 6.00 and From 5.50 to 8.40 for pH. For total reducing sugars, a change from 75.38 to 92.30% was observed. After analysis, the results indicated that the brands differed in the majority of the sensorial attributes studied, as well as a greater tendency in preference for the brand that presented characteristics aimed at a lighter coloration, less moist appearance and a more granular texture. Studies with these characteristics present themselves in a relevant way, as it characterizes the product in the search for real standardization, bringing information to both consumers and producers, thus moving towards product identity.
Invariantes de germes de aplicações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-19)
Ament, Daiane Alice Henrique
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Nuño Ballesteros, Juan José
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Tomazella, João Nivaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0051564735964760
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0444070739009629
In this work, we show relations between invariants of map germs. First, we consider an analytic function germ f : (X, 0) —(C, 0) on an isolated determinantal singularity and we present a relation between the Euler obstruction of f and the determinantal Milnor number of f. In the particular case where (X, 0) is an isolated complete intersection singularity, we obtain a simple way to calculate the Euler obstruction of f as the difference between the dimension of two algebras. After, we work with map germs f : (X, 0) —— (C2, 0), where (X, 0) is a plane curve with isolated singularity. We introduce the image Milnor number to these map germs and we present a positive answer to the Mond’s conjecture in this context. The Mond’s conjecture proposes an inequality between two other invariants, the A^-codimension and the image Milnor number, in the case of map germs f : (Cn, 0) —(Cn+1, 0) when the dimensions (n,n + 1) is in Mather’s nice dimensions. The conjecture is true for n = 1, 2, and for the cases n > 3 is an open problem.
Avaliação e caracterização de lignina em biomassa de Citrus sinensis L. Osberck
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-20)
Porto, Deyvid de Souza
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Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2541704960428633
The large production of citrus residue has promoted problems in its processing and cultivation, resulting in biomass storage and environment pollution. It is estimated that 94 million tons of citrus are produced worldwide and 15.6 million residues are generated per year. Brazil has an important participation, due to the country is a world leader in the production of fruit and orange juice. Citrus biomass presents an extensive chemical diversity such as pectin, d-limonene, flavonoids and lignin, being an interesting object of study. Structural polymer present in the plant cell wall, the lignin has been used in phenolic resins, bioplastics and nanoencapsulation, for example. The fact that lignin presents as a valuable renewable raw material for the Brazilian chemical industry, the large amount of stored orange wood and the scarce literature about lignin in Citrus sinenses motived the present study. The study consisted in extracting lignin from stem, central root and secondary root from orange tree, using the TAPPI standard method, characterize lignin by Infrared (IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Elemental Analysis and Termical Analysis. The lignin contents for extractive-free orange samples were 19.80 % in the stem, 21.74% in the central root, 19.39% in the secondary root and 1,13% in the orange bagasse. The greatest amount of lignin in the orange tree was found in central root, responsible for the support of the structure of the plant, following the secondary root and the stem. The lignins from the different portions of the orange tree wood extraction by TAPPI T264 cm-97, presented low solubility in organic solvents, due to their compaction and folding that was confirmed by 13CNMR in solid state, DSC and TGA. The IR and NMR confirmed the characteristic lignin bands and the siryngil (1326 and 1115 cm-1) and guiacyl (1220 cm-1) monomers, which are found in hardwood type. Holocellulose contents found for samples of Orange bagasse (70.10%), stem (77.82%), central root (78.86) and secondary root (76.66%) extractive-free presented the expected content. The lignins from stem, central and secondary roots of orange tree wood obtained by alkaline pulping were soluble in organic solvent, as well as characteristic lignin signals for IV and NMR. The average yield between 20-24%, the solubility and the characteristics found in the MEV analysis of lignins obtained by alkaline pulping, are of interest for aplication these polymer in the encapsulation of substances and in Thermosets Composite.
Repercussões biopsicossociais de uma capacitação em atividades físicas em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família de São Carlos / SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-20)
Melinski, Anita de Cássia
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Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6957331799444487
The Family Health Strategy (ESF) aims to change the assistance standard, which is marked by curative actions, to a new way to offer care with emphasis in health promotion and prevention. However, physical activity, which is an essential component of these actions, is not always a common knowledge among the minimum ESF team. Therefore, with the implementation of the Support Nucleus to the Family Health Strategy, the Physical Education professional start to play a relevant role in general health practices, who is indicated to be present in the support team to the Family Health Unity (USF). This professional would provide the support to physical activity practices (PCAF), including for the other members of the team, since workplace expose the professionals to high levels of stress, which may affect negatively their performance. Nevertheless, until the present moment, literature regarding the long-term repercussions of an educational training to USF professionals were not found. The aim of this study was to analyse the three-year repercussions of physical-activity educational training offered to several professionals by a physical education professional in aspects related to physical activity in health and affectivity among professionals in an USF. This was a exploratory qualitative study. Nine USF professionals who had participated in a physical activity educational training were selected through multiple-types deliberated sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted three years after the end of the educational training. Content analysis was used to interpret the data, supported by caring the carer theoretical referential, which allowed the identification and comprehension of the repercussions due to the educational training. Professional health (physical, psychological and physiological) and affectivity (team union) were identified repercussions. The educational training conducted by a Physical Education professional lead to health and affectivity repercussions in professionals even after three years of the end of the proposal.
Compósitos nanoestruturados baseados em polímero condutor/cerâmica como plataforma sensorial para detecção de gás amônia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-04-20)
Andre, Rafaela da Silveira
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Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4843978824084924
The development of novel nanostructured platforms for application as gas sensor has intensified over the last few decades. In this scenario, it is worth mentioning the importance of monitoring ammonia gas in poultry farms. Such environments are rich in ammonia, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and organic matter arising from the poultry waste decomposition, which remain in the air as bioaerosol. Ammonia, which is produced by the microbial degradation of uric acid present in the poultry waste, causes significant economic losses to poultry farmers and is harmful to the workers. Although some studies found in the literature present sensors capable to detect low concentrations of ammonia, it is still necessary to optimize these devices in order to improve their performance in terms of the sensitivity, limit of detection (LOD) and reliability. Thus, the present thesis aims to contribute to the development of sensors with high sensitivity and low LOD for detecting ammonia through the study of different nanostructured platforms. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were obtained through the optimization of the synthesis and treatment parameters using conventional hydrothermal method, while polymeric nanofibers were produced by electrospinning technique. Both techniques allowed to produce nanostructured platforms by a combination of ZnO nanoparticles and conjugated polymers in the form of fibers, film and coating architecture. The sensitivity and performance of such platforms were evaluated against different concentrations of ammonia aiming to understand the heterojunction influence among the materials on the performance of the platforms as an ammonia sensor at room temperature. Both the ZnO nanoparticles and the composite platforms developed in this work had their structural, morphological and electrical properties studied in detail. Synthesis parameters as well as the platforms deposition parameters were optimized for attaining superior electrical and morphological properties that improved the sensor performance regarding ammonia detection. Sensing tests were carried out against different concentrations of ammonia under controlled atmosphere confirming the best performance of the composite materials when compared to their constituents separately. In this context, the influence of the platform composition, as well as materials structural conformation were evaluated to help to understand the electrical properties and detection mechanisms.