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Características agronômicas, físico-químicas e sensoriais de linhagens de pimenta Biquinho cultivadas em sistema orgânico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Santos, Adriano Sebastião dos; Sala, Fernando César; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6771975466075202; Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470912236544684; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2547235717426847
The pipper “Biquinho” is more and more valued in the consumer market, being attractive mainly for the taste and for its use as canned, jam, sauces and dry spices. Despite the great demand of the market, there are few cultivars available for production in organic systems, where there are few information on the agronomic, physical-chemical and sensorial characteristics for these cultivars of interest to producers and consumers. The objective of this research was to evaluate the agronomic performance, physico-chemical and sensorial characteristics of a cultivar BRS Moema and two lineages 37701 and 313605 of pipper “Biquinho” (Capsicum chinense) cultivated in an organic production system. The color, pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity, phenolics and ascorbic acid were analyzed for the agronomic parameters, height, colony diameter, chlorophyll, numbers of floral buds, leaves, flowers and fruits and the possible differences and sensorial preference among the cultivars. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, consisting of three treatments and six blocks. It was verified that the best agronomic results 105 days after planting were obtained for cultivar BRS Moema (height, chlorophyll, diameter of the neck, leaves and fruits) and lineage 37701 (flower buds, chlorophyll and flowers). For the physico-chemical analyzes, the 37701 and 313605 strains obtained better results between pH, titratable acidity and phenolic compounds. For the cultivar BRS Moema, it presented a superior value for ascorbic acid and soluble solids. The instrumental color analysis showed that there was a difference between the parameter L, * a, * b, Croma and Hue among the samples. For the sensory analyzes there was difference for the attributes size, spicy aroma, crisp texture and preference between the samples, it was verified that the lines 37701 and 313605 have a higher preference, probably related to the spicy aroma attributes and the crunchy texture of the sample.
Análise posicional de jogadores brasileiros de futebol utilizando dados GPS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Gasparini, Randal; Álvaro, Alexandre
The professional soccer is always changing and is constantly searching tools and data to help the decision-making, providing tatics and techniques to the team. In Brazil, this sport goes to same way and the investiments are considerables. The One Sports is a company that capture GPS data from professional soccer players of some brazilian teams. This set of data has a lot of features and the One Sports asked if was possible to predict the ideal position of a player. Then, was firmed a cooperation between a academic study and a comercial company. This work find to understand a propose methods and techniques to predict the ideal position of soccer player, using machine learning algorithms. The database has more of one million of tuples. It was submited to pre-processing step, what is fundamental, because generated new features, removed incomplete and noisy data, generated new balaced dataset and delete outliers, preparing the data to execution of the algorithms k-NN, decision trees, logistic regression, SVM and neural networks. With the purpose to understand the performance and accuracy, some scenarios was tested. There was poor results when executed multi-class problems. The best results come from binary problems. The models k-NN and SVM, specifically to this study, had the best accuracy. It is important to note that SVM spent more than six hours to finish your execution, and k-NN used less than one and half minute to end.
Estudo da produção de pigmento por linhagem endofítica de Talaromyces minioluteus / Penicillium minioluteum em diferentes temperaturas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Sousa, Marina Del Bianco; Baptista-Neto, Álvaro de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3135081161167616; Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6244428434217018; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7057387874580669
In view of the risks offered by synthetic pigments to humans and the environment, as well as the growing global interest in healthier and more natural products, the study and interest in the production and use of natural pigments has become increasingly attractive due to less harmful to human health and nature. A promising alternative source for obtaining natural pigments are microorganisms, among them are filamentous fungi, since they have a high productivity and are capable of synthesizing compounds with a wide range of colors. In this context, the present work aimed to evaluate the production of red pigment by the fungus Talaromyces minioluteus/Penicillium minioluteum in submerged cultures under different temperatures. Initially, a microbiological screening of fungal colonies was carried out using a plating methodology, in order to isolate the endophytic strain of Talaromyces minioluteus/Penicillium minioluteum. After obtaining and isolating the species in question, 8 different culture media were analyzed in order to obtain the most favorable for the red pigment production. Submerged cultures in shaken flasks conducted at 28 °C, 250 rpm for 120 hours, showed that the most successful medium to obtain a high production of red pigment was SABORAUD medium (medium 4) with a final pigment concentration of approximately 23.07 AU (Absorbance Unities) for a wavelength of 500 nm. Submerged fermentations using the SABORAUD medium were carried out in a rotating incubator at 250 rpm at temperatures of 20, 24, 28 and 32 °C. Subsequently, cultures were carried out in 4 L benchtop bioreactors of useful capacity at 400 rpm and 0.5 vvm under the same temperature conditions in order to validate the results obtained in a rotary incubator. As a result, the highest red pigment yields were observed at 24 °C, with absorbance values at 500 nm (ABS500) and approximate red pigment concentration of 41.40 AU and 8.07 gpigment/L, respectively. Evaluated the effect of temperature on the red pigment synthesis process, three extraction routines were performed, which routine 3 was used in samples of 20, 24 and 28°C in order to obtain a ratio between absorbance (ABS500) and pigment concentration (gpigment/L). Finally, using the Contois cell growth model, two kinetic modeling of the process was proposed, Modeling A being characterized by assuming glucose as the only limiting substrate and the pigment as a product not associated with growth, and Modeling B characterized for presuming the production of pigment via a precursor from the consumption of the nitrogen source. Both presented satisfactory results, however, Modeling B was the most adequate to describe the behavior of the bioprocess. Thus, the results obtained in this work show the potential of the endophytic fungus Talaromyces minioluteus / Penicillium minioluteum to obtain the red pigment via cultures submerged at different temperatures.
Avaliação da capacitação de psicólogos para usarem o programa dos 3Es com cuidadores familiares de idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Ferreira, Camila Rafael; Barham, Elizabeth Joan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3514026422949214
There is need for qualified professionals who can offer psychoeducational programs that are effective in helping those who care for an elderly family member who has Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Based on evidence from three prior studies, it appears that the “3Cs Program” (3CP) leads to a significant reduction in caregivers’ perceptions of burden. The 3CP aims to help caregivers better: comprehend dementia and strategies that can facilitate caregiving, cope with the demands using constructive strategies, and collaborate with the care recipient to improve this relationship and to be more involved in daily activities. The 3CP is offered individually and in-person, concluded in an average of 8 to 10, one-hour sessions. However, in prior studies, the 3CP was always offered by the same person. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the replicability of the program. Accordingly, 15 Psychology practicum students participated in a theoretical and practice-based professional-development program to use the 3CP, to evaluate whether they would obtain results similar to those observed in previous studies. The professional-development program had two modules, one theoretical (34 hours) and the other practical (32 hours), that were evaluated using a quasi-experimental, pre and post-test study design. The objective of the Theoretical Module was to help the students study the theoretical foundations of 3CP and to develop their skills for assisting the caregivers (via the preparation of summaries of readings, lectures, the simulation of each session, and hypothetical tests). The objective of the Practical Module was for the students to use the 3CP, with supervision, applying the knowledge and skills learned in the Theoretical Module and adapting the 3CP to the context of each caregiver. The students (individually or in pairs) worked with 24 caregivers. To evaluate the effects of the Theoretical Module, the students completed a knowledge-based test and a program-satisfaction scale. To evaluate the impacts of the entire professional-development program on the students’ ability to use the 3CP, the caregivers completed instruments before and after the intervention program to measure: (a) their knowledge of concepts related to the intervention program, (b) use of coping strategies, as well as their perceptions of: (c) the quality of their relationship with their dependent, elderly relative, (d) burden, and (e) the elderly relative’s problem-behaviors. On the last day, they also answered questions about the impacts of the intervention program on their lives. The students’ attendance during the theoretical module was 95.5%, and they showed significant gains in their knowledge of program-related concepts (t(14) = 17.873; p < 0.001; g = 5.49). The caregivers also increased their knowledge of 3CP concepts (t(23) = 10.878; p < 0.001; d = 2.22), and their perceptions of burden were significantly reduced (t(23) = -2.201; p = 0.038; d = 0.45). Thus, the professional-development program was just as effective as in the three previous studies. In future research, it will be important to confirm these findings and verify if the results are the same when this professional-development program is offered to practicing psychologists or health professionals from other areas.
Transtorno cognitivo e síndrome metabólica em idosos usuários da atenção básica do Sistema Único de Saúde em uma cidade do interior de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Araújo, Renata Bezerra; Vale, Francisco de Assis Carvalho do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7135183635933470; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6899183396587473
The etiology of Cognitive Disorder (Cognitive Disorder) is complex. The discussion about the influence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) with genetic and environmental factors, linked to lifestyle has gained notoriety. The objective of this dissertation was to investigate associations between MS and TC in elderly users of Basic Health Units in the city of São Carlos, in the state of São Paulo. It was a cross-sectional, quantitative, correlational study. 200 participants ≥ 65 years of age were evaluated. Instruments: Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised Version (ACE-R), Functional Activities Questionnaire (QAF), Memory Complaint Scale (EQM A and B), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Classification Criteria Economics Brazil (CCEB) and sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire prepared for the study.
Plano Nacional de Educação – PNE 2014-2024: cidadania no papel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Robazzini, Alexandre Toledo; Vilela, Denise Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8155152145332951; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8434442780582380
Citizenship, the central theme of this research, is a concept associated with life in society and, therefore, is shaped according to the needs of each age. In order to understand the concept of citizenship, in the field of human, social, moral and juridical relations, fundamental points of the variations of these significations are sought before and after modern industrial societies. To delimit the approach, the objective is to discuss how and what notion of Citizenship has been used in the official discourse of the Brazilian State, specifically the notion of citizenship present in the National Education Plan - PNE 2014-2024. To do so, the first step is to present a panorama of meanings of the concept of citizenship and its relations with educational development. These meanings will be the basis for our analysis.
Minorias sociais e seus obstáculos à representação no legislativo brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Castro, Leonardo Aires de; Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7840982484537748
This work aims to analyze the obstacles to access to political representation of Brazilian social minorities in the House of Representatives. By social minorities, it is understood historically subordinated groups that present compared to other social segments notorious social and representative inequality, namely: women, nonwhites and lower social classes. The focus of the analysis are the 2014 elections and unsatisfactory acquisition according to the logic of descriptive representation of seats in the House of Representatives and 2010 and 2006 Legislatures as the elect and their votes on matters concerning the correction of inequality factors of representative. The project asks if historical conditions of inequality about economic, racial and gender in Brazilian society explain the maintaining status quo with regard to access to social representation of minorities in the House of Representatives. We start from the hypothesis that historical-structural conditions of inequality of these groups hinder representative access because affect negatively on the electoral competition of these actors. Beside these conditions, oligarchies represented in the legislative act to maintain this process of exclusion, in the dealings of subjects that aim to correct or improve institutional mechanisms.
Uma análise semântico-pragmática das construções condicional-concessivas no português do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Cavaguti, Ana Paula; Conde, Dirceu Cleber; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2630773088169073; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3283246757715190
This research is based on Formal Semantics assumptions and its main goal is to describe the concessive conditional clauses in Brazilian Portuguese. König (1985, 1986) and König and Van Der Van Der Auwera (1988) assert that the concessive conditional clauses share semantic values with the conditional and concessive clauses. In this work, we assume that the concessive conditionals clauses represent a distinct category with specific properties that distinguish them from conditional and concessive clauses. In this research, we propose to investigate: (i) the logical relations and their values of truth that manifested in the concessive conditionals clauses; (ii) the operators that express the concessive conditional meaning; (iii) the features of modality proposed by Kratzer (1981, 2010); (iv) the order of the concessive conditionals clauses in relation to the main clause, (v) the verbal tenses correlations of the both clauses and (vi) identify the type of content suggested that is manifested in the concessive-conditionals. Regarding to item (i), the concessive conditionals clauses can be represented by the logical form (p ˅ ¬p) → q. In relation to the truth conditions, the truth value of p was identified on the basis of the disjunction that manifests in p, that this proposition can be true in two distinct worlds; q is always true in all accessible worlds. With respect to goal in (ii), we identified that, beyond the concessive conditional adverbial clauses, there are non-canonical structures that can also convey, pragmatically, the concessive conditional value. Concerning modality features in (iii), it was found that the modal strength of necessity is determined by the indicative mode; the modal basis may be given by an buletic, deontic, epistemic or teleological conversational background. The ordering of the worlds varies according to the information of the nuclear sentence. With respect to item (iv), it was found that only in the sentences beginning with ACID nem se/nem que, the inversion of the order of the adverbial sentence in relation to the nuclear sentence, interferes in the polarity of the nuclear sentence. In other adverbial constructions, we can change the sentences, without prejudice to meaning. In constructions with adversative ACIDs, the clause initiated with this operator is always follows to the asynthetic sentence. Toward relation of tense verbs - (v) that configures the concessive conditional, it was identified that in the clause in which there is the possibility operator can be expressed with the subjunctive (explicit or not) or with the gerund, and the nuclear, with the indicative mode. Concerning goal in (vi), it has been proved by tests that the secondary content that manifests itself in this type of construction is a conventional implicature, triggered by ACIDs, according to Bach (1999).
Leitura e inteligibilidade da fala em crianças usuárias de implante coclear
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Lucchesi, Fernando Del Mando; Almeida-Verdu, Ana Claudia Moreira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3777028853675653; Souza, Deisy das Graças de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5830738921439507
Children with prelingual hearing impairment find in the cochlear implant an important alternative for rehabilitation and social integration through listener and oral repertoires. However, during the rehabilitation process, many of these children may face difficulties learning discriminative repertories that are important for improving device usage. Despite the good development of listening skills, predicted by broadly studied variables, the scientific literature points to difficulties in producing intelligible vocal responses – that is, responses with point-to-point correspondence to verbal community conventions – and in the network of relations that describe reading and writing. Specifically concerning oral production, there is consistent data suggesting that these children present responses that are more intelligible during reading tasks than during picture naming tasks. Recent studies point to the interdependence between reading and naming responses through the conceptual and methodological foundations of the equivalence relations paradigm. This paradigm enables multiple exemplar instruction (of stimulus control and response topography) and transfer of control from printed words to pictures. The current work presents three chapters with three distinct studies on this topic: Chapter 1 brings a systematic literature review of verbal repertoire interventions on implanted persons. Most studies focus on the evaluation and prediction of cochlear implanted users’ performance. Results point to the need of greater investment in the planning and evaluation of intervention programs that target the repertoires involved in reading, writing, listening and speaking, indicating positive effects of programmed and individualized teaching. The second chapter describes a pilot study that assessed the effects of a program that teaches reading and writing using multiple picture naming probes with a single subject. This methodological refinement allowed the assessment of how the teaching program affected the quality of the child’s vocal responses as well as possible additional effects of the multiple probes, creating a context to extend the investigation to the study described in Chapter 3. This last study was characterized by exposing four hearing impaired implanted children to the teaching program with multiple figure-naming and word-reading probes between sets of stimuli and training sessions, in a multiple baseline design. This study replicates and expands previous studies by using a refined methodology that increased the quality of participants’ vocal verbal responses for naming pictures and reading words. The discussion highlights the importance of a solid foundation of knowledge on teaching and learning processes in order to obtain better performance with cochlear implants and point future directions for intervention studies.
Desenvolvimento de software para simulação do sequestro de carbono no solo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Castro, Fernando Henrique; Milori, Débora Marcondes Bastos Pereira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7400112076142555; Villas Boas, Paulino Ribeiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0846037359934643; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7541909051612112
Climate change is a global issue aggravated by the accumulation of carbon (C) in the atmosphere due to anthropogenic actions. Since the discovery of fossil fuel, its burning has been the main emitter of C to the atmosphere, contributing to raise of Earth's temperature. There are also other sources of C emissions with significant participation in climate change, such as land use change. For centuries, deforestation, burning and poor soil management in the agricultural system have led to a significant loss of forest biomass and soil organic matter, releasing C into the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide CO_2, methane CH_4, among other greenhouse gases. Computational models for soil carbon balance were created to evaluate the effect of conventional and conservationist management practices on soil C reservoir. However, most of these models were developed for climate and soil conditions in temperate regions, thus requiring adaptations to Brazilian soil and climate conditions. The objective of this work is to adapt the CQESTR model in a more robust and modern programming language, making its use available for the most current operational systems, Linux and Mac OS, besides Windows. This model was chosen because of its accuracy, simplicity and the need for few input parameters, besides allowing to simulate carbon stocks in the soil at a depth of 3 m. The updated model, in the Python language, was developed by applying object oriented programming techniques. In order to evaluate the new structure of the model, data were used from the systems: no-tillage and conventional tillage with disc plowing, heavy harrowing and scarification, on wheat and soybean crop rotation in the experimental field of Embrapa Soybean in Londrina/PR. The results of the Python model presented similarities to those of the original model, although inaccuracies were found in the second, such as the change in thermal time for simulations with double agricultural rotation per year and the lack of one day in the leap year. The update allows to simulate more than two crops per year, along with leap year implementation in decomposition processes. It also allows to read data from .xlsx and .xls files, making this procedure more agile and easy for the user compared to the original program. The web interface modernized the use of the model, allowing its use in any operational system. The interface in Python will facilitate future updates to the CQESTR model.
A atenção à crise nos centros de atenção psicossocial infantojuvenis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Moura, Beatriz Rocha; Matsukura, Thelma Simões; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5611215381682164; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3204971784599545
Attention to the crisis is one of the main objectives of the CAPS service, besides one of greatest challenges of Brazilian Psychiatric Reform. Crisis is a complex experience, which involves not only the subject in psychic suffering, but their contexts of life and social relations. Seeking to understand how this care has been offered to child and youth population, this study aimed to identify which strategies on care for crisis situations are offered by the CAPSij teams, in addition to understanding the demands and daily life of families and adolescents experiencing crisis situations. This is a qualitative and exploratory study, in which a questionnaire for managers and a semi-structured interview guide for family members were used for data collection. Participated in the study six managers and twelve family members of children or adolescents associated to six CAPSij from a particular region of São Paulo city. For the analysis of questionnaires data was used categorization stage of Content Analysis technique and for interviews data Collective Subject Discourse method. The results indicate that the majority of adolescents experience several crises and hospitalizations, with a routine restricted to the house, the CAPSij and the school, for those who attend it. Besides, they exhibit a significant limitation in social relations. Relatives mean crises as an incomprehensible and unpredictable phenomenon and demonstrate an experience marked by intense suffering and important impacts on their daily lives. In relation to the crisis conceptions presented by the teams, there is a tendency towards a psychosocial conception, recognizing the inseparability between the singular and collective dimensions of the crisis. On the other hand, aspects of psychiatric conception are still present in the discourse of the teams, relating the crisis to causing acute symptoms. Among the main care strategies offered by CAPSij in crisis situations are the immediate reception to the user, daytime reception, family support, referrals to the network, intensification of the singular therapeutic project and team's evaluation and intervention. These results reinforce the extent to which crisis situations require immediate care actions and point out the importance of investing in the bond and therapeutic relationship as the main working tools in this field. The CAPSij have been presented as an important support to families, but the results also reveal gaps for more effective care, such as operating hours of the CAPSij II and absence of a hospital rear in RAPS for children and adolescents. Among the main equipments activated by the teams, in crisis situations, are the CAPSij III and General Hospitals. The CAPSij III is presented in this study as a powerful strategy to reception of crisis of children and adolescents, enabling more humanized interventions and avoiding hospitalizations. It is pointed out the need for greater attention to the families and involvement in territorial actions as fundamental care strategies for crisis situations. Also, it is is emphasized the demand for the expansion of investments in CAPSij, as well as in all points of the RAPS in order to guarantee improvements in attention to crisis of children and adolescents, being of extreme urgency the problematization of these issues in the public policies of mental health to population.
Propriedades magnéticas de BiMn2O5 e Fe3O2BO3
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Fier, Igor; Oliveira, Adilson Jesus Aparecido de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4640148190073166; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0892199197684001
In this work, an exploration of the synthesis and magnetoelectric properties of single-crystals of BiMn2O5 and a systematic study of the magnetic properties of Fe3O2BO3 are presented. Despite the unlike composition, both materials share the same Pbam crystalline structure at room temperature and feature the coexistence of mixed valence sites of the transition metal ions. They also present a strong T^2 contribution of the specific heat at low temperatures. Magnetic frustration is also an important feature from where several of the remarkable physical properties of these materials arise. Macroscopic single-crystals of BiMn2O5 were synthesized by the flux method, whose quality was attested by the magnetic signature, just as found in literature. BiMn2O5 undergoes an antiferromagnetic transition around 40 K, which is correlated to the observation of magnetoelectric coupling. Such property was explored by means of high-sensitivity magnetic measurements with simultaneous application of electric field in one of the crystalline axes, revealing a shift of the magnetization vs. temperature data below 40 K. This is the first report of the direct measurement of magnetoelectric coupling on this material. The slight shift of the magnetization vs. magnetic field isotherms below ≈ 30 K suggests a trend for the incommensurate magnetic ordering that was observed in all RMn2O5, except for R = Bi. Fe3O2BO3 belongs to a family of materials that contain, in general, metallic ions located inside oxygen octahedra and boron ions in the center of oxygen triangles. For this reason, the crystalline structures in which boron coordinates in a triangular fashion tend to rearrange into substructures such as tapes, ladders or planes. Such arrangement gives these materials a strong anisotropy on the exchange interactions, from which several unconventional magnetic properties and low-dimensionality arise. A study of the magnetization at the paramagnetic phase under small applied magnetic fields allowed for the observation of a behavior like what Anderson and Hasegawa have suggested for the double-exchange interaction. A study of the angular dependence also allowed for the separation of the magnetic contribution of each sublattice to the net magnetization of the material. Specific heat measurements under magnetic field allowed for the correlation of each peak to its respective sublattice contribution.
Recordando sobre o brincar na infância de professores participantes de um processo de formação lúdica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Ferroni, Carla de Oliveira; Sommerhalder, Aline; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4775432120371947
The present research addresses teachers’ childhood memories theme. The educational investigation took as theoretical input authors, such as: Brougère (2010); Nóvoa (2015); Souza, (2006); Josso (2004); Kishimoto (2006). It had as a research question: What do the playful memories of teachers’ childhood reveal in a practice formation? The general objective of the research was to understand memories - memories about playing in childhood, from the perspective of teachers participating in a recreational practice training. Bringing memories to life - memories of teachers or future teachers, specifically their ludic memories directed towards the valuation of personal experiences in processes of teacher training that act with children or will do it in the future. It is also considered that playing is not present in daily pedagogical practices in childhood education contexts or early years of elementary school or when it is present it is sometimes lived sporadically, in a mechanized and overly directed way. The research had a qualitative approach, being descriptive and exploratory and considered as a case study. It was inspired by the approach to life stories. It was carried out through a bibliographical study and field research, and included five subjects (teachers or future teachers) of a university extension project entitled: Ludic Teacher Training: building knowledge and practice of pedagogical practice. The field research data collection was done through autobiographical writings (written narratives) collected throughout the action of teacher training. Conversation circles were also held - oral narrative, throughout the training practice. The data were organized and analyzed in a qualitative perspective, based on the chosen theoretical framework and inspired by content analysis. Among the results it was highlighted: the learning acquired through the experiences that takes place throughout the life of these participants, as the childhood experiences lived in relation to play nurtures the constitution of being a teacher. In addition, playing is not a pedagogical practice valued in processes of teacher training, especially for those who will practice teaching with children.
Después del “Redoble por Rancas”: tierra, minería y memoria de un pueblo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Flores Bordais, Lourdes Eddy; Silva, Maria Aparecida de Moraes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6792025643983370; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3652422058504084
This master's thesis presents the historical relationship between the San Antonio de Rancas Peasant Community, located in the Pasco region, in the Central Andes of Peru, with the mining companies that operated and operate in the region from the early years of the 20th century until today. Its title refers to the novel published by Manuel Scorza in 1970 that narrates the peasant organization to recover their communal lands enclosed and privatized by the mining company, since our historical research covers the events after the Massacre of Huayllacancha (1960) until today. Based on the expropriation of land and being, it seeks to account for the contradictory features that mark this relationship and open new horizons in the lives of the people of Rancas. How the Ranqueños, after a direct struggle against mining, would have partially sacrificed their relationship with the land as a natural laboratory and cultural foundation and would have given way to strengthening entrepreneurial and individualistic values sympathetic to mining in the region. Supported by a deep socio-historical analysis, we intend to account for these changes that oscillate between integration and resistance to mining expansion. We maintain that the main source of resistance is mediated by historical memory in the Community; while, in a contradictory manner, the character of its integration into mining capitalism increasingly threatens the non-capitalist forms that maintained for centuries the validity of the common. Finally, we made a general observation from the theoretical complex of Bolívar Echeverría. The method used is oral history and documentary analysis.
Experiências emocionais e aprendizagens de mentoras no Programa de Formação Online de Mentores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Massetto, Débora Cristina; Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250195451890332; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3331023967028359
The research has as purpose to investigate, to describe and to analyze the professional learning and emotional experiences of experienced teachers - future mentors expressed during their participation in an online training program. In addition, a professional teacher development program was developed, via the internet, at the UFSCar Portal of Teachers (www.portaldosprofessores.ufscar.br), entitled Programa de Formação Online de Mentores (PFOM). The program focused on the mentors formation, i.e., teachers, pedagogical coordinators, school directors and in-service teaching supervisors accompanying beginning teachers, helping them to minimize the typical difficulties of this stage of the career in their schools or teaching networks. Specifically, it was investigated and understood, together with the experienced teachers, the learning and knowledge produced in the process of building identity as mentors throughout their participation in the Program, and how they helped in the mentoring of beginner teachers; it was analyzed the emotional experiences of the experienced teachers and how they interfered in their work, in the construction of their identity as a mentor and in the construction of the knowledge necessary to act in a new role. The theoretical framework concentrated on the learning literature and professional development of teaching, knowledge base for teaching, human development ecology, mentoring programs, emotional experience and written narratives which have as main authors: Shulman, Garcia, Mizukami, Bronfenbrenner, Freire et al. A constructive-collaborative approach to research and intervention was adopted and the main instruments of data collection were written narratives elaborated by the participants. Data analysis was performed based on the bioecological theory systems model. These analyzes were made through studies of multiple cases derived from the professional learning and the emotional experiences of mentors: a Triad (experienced teacherbeginner teachers) and two dyads (experienced teacher-beginner). The analyzes indicated that the inclusion of experienced teachers in a new context (PFOM) and the systematic accompagnement with the beginners proved to be a potentially relevant strategy for the construction of professional knowledge related to the role of teacher trainers. Additionally, it was evidenced the emotional dimension of mentoring, revealed by the positive and negative emotional experiences associated with mentoring job. While the online training context, the PFOM has proved to be a promising pedagogical tool in the continuing education and a possibility to support the professional development of teachers in different phases of the career. An important contribution of the present study to the educational area was to involve different subjects - researchers, tutors and teachers, in different stages of the career, in developmental processes caused by the insertion in a new context, PFOM, with its own activities, such as the study and theoretical deepening, mentoring, mentoring, demonstrating and considering that, at different levels, they learn and construct different types of knowledge.
Controle postural durante o movimento sentado para de pé em crianças e adolescentes com síndrome de Down e fatores biopsicossociais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Oliveira, Maria Fernanda Pauletti; Campos, Ana Carolina de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5292093208120940; Rocha, Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2035754554780009; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7000319476957480
Down syndrome (DS) is a health condition that causes changes in neuromotor, sensory, cognitive and musculoskeletal, compromising postural control and adaptive success in tasks. The health condition of the individual according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) model results from the relationship between the integrity of body functions and structures, capacity to perform functional activities and social participation, as well as the influence of contextual factors. Acknowledging the importance of evaluating all ICF domains to understand postural control in DS and the possible interactions between them motivated Study I, titled "Postural control in children and adolescents with Down syndrome and relations with the dimensions of the International Classification of Functioning - A Systematic Review". This study aimed to understand postural control in children and adolescents with DS, to verify the methods used in the literature considering the ICF dimensions, to evaluate the quality of the studies, and to describe the main results. Changes in postural control in individuals with DS and a lack of research addressing postural control in DS during dynamic activities and postural transfers, such as the to sit to stand movement (STS) were found. There was also a lack of studies addressing the relations between the ICF domains. These findings motivated the study II - "Postural oscillation during sit to stand movement and associations with biopsychosocial aspects in children and adolescents with Down syndrome". The study sought to compare the postural oscillation during the execution of the STS movement in children and adolescents with DS and with typical individuals of 7 to 14 years of age (mean 10,23 ±2,36) of both sexes, based on the analysis of the behavior of the pressure center (CoP). It also aimed to identify specific disabilities in body structure and function, limitations in activities and participation, and contextual factors that would be associated with the performance of the STS movement. We found that children and adolescents with DS had postural oscillation that was greater and faster than their typical peers during STS movement. The main predictors of postural oscillation in this movement were hypotonia and quadriceps muscle strength. It was also noted that gross motor function, functional balance and the characteristics of the domestic environment were related to body structure and function components, such as hypotonia, quadriceps muscle strength, and postural oscillation during STS movement. Thus, it is important to consider all ICF domains in therapeutic approaches to obtain a biopsychosocial panorama of an individual.
A construção de um modelo multirreferencial para a coordenação de projetos coletivos em um Núcleo de Economia Solidária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Rufo, Carla Renata; Machado, Maria Lúcia Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5703683100332513; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1236918325192969
There is an apparent consensus that the economic and political transformations of neoliberalism have created an unstable social framework in Brazil since the 1990s, which aggravated impoverishment and social exclusion, allowing a new economy, based on the structuring of several associative forms of enterprise solidarity, gained more space as an alternative of resistance to this new cycle. The Technological Incubators of Popular Cooperatives (ITCPs) appear as a practice of university extension with the purpose of assisting these enterprises in their activities, acting as spaces for studies, research and development of social technologies aimed at the organization of work focused on self-management and playing an important role in the construction and collective resignification of knowledge. This thesis focuses on this theme by looking at the studies of science, technology and society (ECTS) with the aim of contributing to the dialogical construction of knowledge and knowledges aimed at the coordination of collective projects that are non-neutral and transdisciplinary in a Nucleus of Solidarity economy. Using an existential and integral action research, it was proposed the development of a spiral process that allowed the permanent reflection on the action with the actors truly involved in their emotional, sensorial, imaginative and rational integrality, for the development of a multireferential model on new practices for the coordination of projects in the Nucleus, the whole process being planned and conducted by a collective researcher, composed of people interested and willing to promote change. The hypothesis that guided the spiral process is that although the Core understood the importance of coordinating collective projects in a non-neutral and transdisciplinary way, how to do it still needed reflections to support it, which was in fact confirmed throughout the process. As evaluation of the process it was observed that there was good participation and collaboration of the members of the Nucleus; the formative aspects allowed to broaden the reflection of the participants on the theme and contributed in the construction of new knowledge on the coordination of collective projects not only conceived as ideal. The changes in the posture and everyday language of the participants also made it possible to note that not only was the debate established, but that conditions were created for it to remain. From the results of this action research, the strategic device developed for its conduct proved versatile to be applied in other contexts or with other questions; even if the multi-reference model built by the Nucleus is not generalized, it is possible that its elements serve as a starting point for further discussions in other spaces. It is hoped that reporting on the use of such a challenging research-action methodology will also contribute to other researchers in future directions.
Sentidos atribuídos às relações formativas no âmbito do Programa Professor Aprendiz
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Martins, Maísa Aparecida Ruiz; Sant'Ana, Izabella Mendes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7860235863062183; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8169801410886516
This research had as objective to know the formative process that is established in the relationship between a regent teacher and a trainee of the Teacher Apprentice Program, in the city of Sorocaba. Specific objectives were defined: to investigate how the participants understand the Teacher Apprentice Program and to understand the meanings attributed to the formative experiences evidenced in this relationship throughout the process. For this, the research was based on historical-dialectical materialism and historical-cultural theory, especially from the concept of meaning for Vygotsky, using as methodological strategies semi-structured interviews, participant observation and recording in field journals . The results indicated that: a) the senses attributed by the regent teacher, as the educating student although they highlight positive aspects, such as the possibility of constructing knowledge about teaching, also point to the absence of time / space for studies and reflections about teaching , configuring itself as a relation of teaching-learning close to the technical rationality; b) the formative relationship investigated presents weaknesses as it is not favored in the discussion, the participation in institutional formative spaces and the accomplishment of joint planning, especially between the two participants; c) there was a deviation from the role of the educating student, demonstrating that their role or function is altered to meet the demands and lack of human resources existing in the school context, and d) no training was offered to the students, educators, teachers and managers by the Secretary of Education, as set out in the official guidelines of said Program. It is concluded that there are difficulties in the implementation of the Teacher Apprentice Program, which points to the need for adaptations and evaluation of its processes, in order to collaborate in the initial and continuous formation of educators.
Desenvolvimento e aplicação de ferramentas bioinformáticas para a biologia da conservação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Congrains, Karla Verónica Chávez Rodríguez de; Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1889742406493210
The analysis of demographic and genetic data is recommended for the success of conservation programs. The integration of this information to generate guidelines for establishing self-sustaining populations and retain the greatest amount of genetic diversity is one of the major objectives of ex situ conservation programs. However, the lack of free and easy-to-use programs developed for conservation purposes are rare. The development of high-level programming languages such as Python and R allows researchers, outside the area of computing, to create their own programs. In this work, three computational tools were developed: STRR, PedmineR, and HetRank. These programs aim to assist in studies of biodiversity conservation. They were designed to aid in the analysis of genetic and demographic data. In such a way, STRR evaluates the quality of the panel of microsatellite markers, and brings a filtering makes indications about the possible use of it. PedmineR facilitates the estimation of demographic and genetic parameters based on pedigree data allowing the incorporation of the panel of microsatellite markers. HetRank predicts individual heterozygosity for the offspring of reproductive mates, been a useful tool for captive breeding programs. The use of these tools in the study of the captive population of the golden-faced lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) shows the applicability and easy use of them, having outlined a methodology that can be repeated in the study of other species.
Produção de ficocianina por Aphanothece microscopica Nägeli a partir de vinhaça de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26) Morais, Dayane Vanessa; Bastos, Reinaldo Gaspar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9329363278429665; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5112705832865276
Microalgae cultivation has a great diversity of applications. Pigments produced by microalgae are largely used in many industries, such as food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics. Phycobiliproteins are photosynthetic pigments that capture around 50% of the light needed to maintain the metabolism of cyanobacteria. A big advantage for the use of microorganisms to produce pigments is that they can assimilate low-cost energy sources, including wastewaters. In this context, the present work proposed to evaluate the production of phycocyanin by Aphanothece microscopica Nägeli, through its cultivation in vinasse, an effluent generated abundantly in Brazil. The mixotrophic cultivation of A. microscopica in BG11 medium supplemented with vinasse showed superior performance than the photoautotrophic growth, in terms of phycocyanin accumulation, with specific rate of production (μP) and maximum productivity (Prodmax) of 9.86 mg phycocyanin mg biomass/h and 0.0047 mg phycocyanin/L/h, respectively. For the heterotrophic cultivation, the highest phycocyanin production occurred after 6 hours, with μP and Prodmax of 22.59 mg phycocyanin/mg biomass/h and 0.0067 mg phycocyanin/L/h, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found for wide ranges of pH, inoculum and salinity tested. The conditions which had the highest and lowest performance relative to μPmax were selected for further experiments on a benchtop bioreactor. The condition with the highest μPmax showed maximum productivity of 49.18 mg phycocyanin/mg biomass/h, and the lowest, 33.83 mg phycocyanin/mg biomass. Phycocyanin extraction with hydrochloric acid 12 mol/L was the most efficient method, yielding up to 5,6 times more phycocyanin than sonication with glass pearls and phosphate buffer extractions . A. microscopica biomass contained 4.6% of proteins and 6.38% of lipids. Those results show that vinasse can be used as a supplement for the production of phycocyanin by A. microscopica.