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Desenvolvimento de software para simulação do sequestro de carbono no solo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Castro, Fernando Henrique
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Milori, Débora Marcondes Bastos Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7400112076142555
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Villas Boas, Paulino Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0846037359934643
Climate change is a global issue aggravated by the accumulation of carbon (C) in the atmosphere due to anthropogenic actions. Since the discovery of fossil fuel, its burning has been the main emitter of C to the atmosphere, contributing to raise of Earth's temperature. There are also other sources of C emissions with significant participation in climate change, such as land use change. For centuries, deforestation, burning and poor soil management in the agricultural system have led to a significant loss of forest biomass and soil organic matter, releasing C into the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide CO_2, methane CH_4, among other greenhouse gases. Computational models for soil carbon balance were created to evaluate the effect of conventional and conservationist management practices on soil C reservoir. However, most of these models were developed for climate and soil conditions in temperate regions, thus requiring adaptations to Brazilian soil and climate conditions. The objective of this work is to adapt the CQESTR model in a more robust and modern programming language, making its use available for the most current operational systems, Linux and Mac OS, besides Windows. This model was chosen because of its accuracy, simplicity and the need for few input parameters, besides allowing to simulate carbon stocks in the soil at a depth of 3 m. The updated model, in the Python language, was developed by applying object oriented programming techniques. In order to evaluate the new structure of the model, data were used from the systems: no-tillage and conventional tillage with disc plowing, heavy harrowing and scarification, on wheat and soybean crop rotation in the experimental field of Embrapa Soybean in Londrina/PR. The results of the Python model presented similarities to those of the original model, although inaccuracies were found in the second, such as the change in thermal time for simulations with double agricultural rotation per year and the lack of one day in the leap year. The update allows to simulate more than two crops per year, along with leap year implementation in decomposition processes. It also allows to read data from .xlsx and .xls files, making this procedure more agile and easy for the user compared to the original program. The web interface modernized the use of the model, allowing its use in any operational system. The interface in Python will facilitate future updates to the CQESTR model.
Características agronômicas, físico-químicas e sensoriais de linhagens de pimenta Biquinho cultivadas em sistema orgânico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Santos, Adriano Sebastião dos
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Sala, Fernando César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6771975466075202
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Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470912236544684
The pipper “Biquinho” is more and more valued in the consumer market, being attractive mainly for the taste and for its use as canned, jam, sauces and dry spices. Despite the great demand of the market, there are few cultivars available for production in organic systems, where there are few information on the agronomic, physical-chemical and sensorial characteristics for these cultivars of interest to producers and consumers. The objective of this research was to evaluate the agronomic performance, physico-chemical and sensorial characteristics of a cultivar BRS Moema and two lineages 37701 and 313605 of pipper “Biquinho” (Capsicum chinense) cultivated in an organic production system. The color, pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity, phenolics and ascorbic acid were analyzed for the agronomic parameters, height, colony diameter, chlorophyll, numbers of floral buds, leaves, flowers and fruits and the possible differences and sensorial preference among the cultivars. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, consisting of three treatments and six blocks. It was verified that the best agronomic results 105 days after planting were obtained for cultivar BRS Moema (height, chlorophyll, diameter of the neck, leaves and fruits) and lineage 37701 (flower buds, chlorophyll and flowers). For the physico-chemical analyzes, the 37701 and 313605 strains obtained better results between pH, titratable acidity and phenolic compounds. For the cultivar BRS Moema, it presented a superior value for ascorbic acid and soluble solids. The instrumental color analysis showed that there was a difference between the parameter L, * a, * b, Croma and Hue among the samples. For the sensory analyzes there was difference for the attributes size, spicy aroma, crisp texture and preference between the samples, it was verified that the lines 37701 and 313605 have a higher preference, probably related to the spicy aroma attributes and the crunchy texture of the sample.
Transtorno cognitivo e síndrome metabólica em idosos usuários da atenção básica do Sistema Único de Saúde em uma cidade do interior de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Araújo, Renata Bezerra
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Vale, Francisco de Assis Carvalho do
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7135183635933470
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6899183396587473
The etiology of Cognitive Disorder (Cognitive Disorder) is complex. The discussion about the influence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) with genetic and environmental factors, linked to lifestyle has gained notoriety. The objective of this dissertation was to investigate associations between MS and TC in elderly users of Basic Health Units in the city of São Carlos, in the state of São Paulo. It was a cross-sectional, quantitative, correlational study. 200 participants ≥ 65 years of age were evaluated. Instruments: Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised Version (ACE-R), Functional Activities Questionnaire (QAF), Memory Complaint Scale (EQM A and B), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Classification Criteria Economics Brazil (CCEB) and sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire prepared for the study.
Estudo da microestrutura e resistência à corrosão de ligas binárias Ni-Nb solidificadas rapidamente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Martinez Orozco, Katherine Judith
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Della Rovere, Carlos Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606
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Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453
The The aim of this work is to study the microstructure and corrosion resistance of rapidly solidified binary Ni-xNb alloys (x= 10, 20, 30, 40, 45, 52 e 57 wt%), additionally the microstructure of the Ni-52Nb alloy, prepared through gas atomization forming process. High-purity elements (99,9 wt% Nb and 99,9 wt% Ni) were used for the pre-alloyed ingots prepared in copper mold by arc melting furnace, and commercial quality materials for the Ni-52Nb alloy by gas atomization process, this alloy was selected owing to their glass forming ability. These Ni-Nb alloys could be employed as coating, deposited by means of remelting laser processes, such as laser cladding. Besides, there is little evidence in literature about their microstructural morphology. Characterization was performed through: Microhardness Vickers test, Potenciodynamic Polarization, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) together with Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Focused Ion Beam (FIB). Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was performed for the Ni-20Nb sample in order to confirm the formation Ni8Nb metastable phase. An increase in hardness values were observed with the increasing of Nb content (between 70 HV and 860 HV). Potenciodynamic Polarization curves showed an important increase in passivation values of the alloys with as function of Nb content, improving significantly the pitting corrosion resistance when compare with commercial superalloys as Inconel 625. Alloys solidified in arc melting furnace showed marked variation in their microstructure as function of Nb content. The metastable phase Ni8Nb was identified as showing needle-like morphology, which is not reported in literature appearing in Ni-Nb binary alloys, secondary phases Ni3Nb and Ni6Nb7 were also observed. Atomized powder of Ni-52Nb alloy obtained was sieved in different sizes (between 45 and 250 μm), and amorphization was observed to occurred along the all range of sizes.
Mudanças climáticas e ciclagem de carbono na decomposição aeróbia e anaeróbia de Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vellozo) Verdecourt
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Grando, Mariana Soares
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Bianchini Junior, Irineu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389
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Santino, Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2356641063223397
Aquatic macrophytes are key organisms in freshwater environments, as they are intrinsically linked to primary productivity, nutrient and carbon cycling and detritus formation in these environments. The temperature is one of the major factors that act directly in the detritus decomposition, performing functions in the enzymatic metabolism of the decomposing microorganisms. The hypothesis tested in the present study was that the labile and refractory macrophyte fractions are positively influenced by the increase in temperature at 2ºC during the detritus decomposition of Myriophyllum aquaticum. Thus, this study compared the aerobic and anaerobic decomposition of M. aquaticum at two temperatures (21 and 23ºC). In the laboratory, were set up decomposition chambers (n = 252), containing entire, particulate and dissolved detritus of the macrophyte, and water from the Monjolinho Reservoir. On each sampling day, the contents of the chambers were fractionated into particulate organic matter (MOP) and dissolved organic matter (MOD), which was subsequently converted into carbon basis. Carbon basis mass loss, temporal variations of pH, electrical conductivity and aromatization degree of the dissolved fraction in the decomposition chambers were evaluated according to detritus type, temperature and dissolved oxygen availability. With the obtained results, a mathematical model of first order was applied and it was possible to verified that: (i) from the kinetic model used, the particulate organic carbon (COP) presented two distinct fractions, a labile/soluble (COPLS) and a refractory (COPR); (ii) the labile content decayed faster than the refractory; (iii) there was formation of dissolved refractory substances (e.g. humic compounds) for all treatments; (iv) the increase in temperature at 2ºC positively influenced the mass loss of the labile/soluble and refractory fraction of the entire, particulate and dissolved detritus; (v) the global Q10 was higher in anaerobic condition; (vi) about pH, there were significant differences (p <0.05) between entire aerobic treatment at 21ºC and 23ºC and (vii) for electrical conductivity, there were significant differences for most of all treatments.
Aspectos jurídicos da inteligência competitiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Coxe, Rodrigo Antonio Garcia
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Hoffmann, Wanda Aparecida Machado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609135667093837
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1109126743884473
The incessant search for competitiveness, due to the factors related to economic globalization, required companies to know the environment in which they operate, in order to make strategic decisions possible. The emergence of new technologies and ease of access to information have further boosted this process. As a result, companies began to seek data from various sources on the performance of their competitors, including information on products, processes and markets. However, companies are not always aware of the legal implications that can affect this process and therefore some studies mention the need to be attentive to these aspects, being that of these, few explicitly in the legal scope, what are the issues that must be punctually considered in the process of applying Competitive Intelligence (CI) and its activities. This research uses the Cycle of CI elaborated through the Manual of IC of 2004, elaborated by the team of the Nucleus of Technological Information in Materials - NIT / Materials of the UFSCar. Thus, this study verified whether the systematic process involved in the CI cycle is in accordance with what determines the legal order. Thus, specific objectives include: investigating, from a bibliographic and documentary survey, the legal aspects of HF and analyzing each of the activities involved in the phases of HF cycle under this same perspective. Methodologically, the research is classified as theoretical and qualitative, adopting an interdisciplinary approach, and based on a bibliographic review of the themes involved, which will facilitate the study of legal aspects related to HF. Legal aspects focused on all phases of the ICC, as well as on all related activities, and their non-observance showed the existence of legal, administrative, civil and criminal implications that could harm the activity. On the other hand, technical compliance with the same legal aspects brings a framework of the activity to the current legislation, and it is even possible for a legal professional to become the team responsible for the CI activity, ensuring even more that this activity is aligned ethical, legal and legal rules.
Efeito das enzimas recombinantes de Schistosoma mansoni Hipoxantina-Guanina Fosforibosiltransferase (HGPRT) e Purina Nucleosídeo Fosforilase (PNP) no tratamento da esquistossomose experimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Fragelli, Bruna Dias de Lima
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Pereira, Humberto D'Muniz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8681619250791832
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Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806
Schistosomiasis is a disease that affects a large number of people in 78 countries. The number of cases has increased in recent years and there is no vaccine and new drugs, a worrying aspect, since there is loss of sensitivity to the drug used, Praziquantel. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the recombinant enzymes of S. mansoni Hypoxanthine-Guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) and Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase (PNP) and the MIX of the two enzymes in the treatment of schistosomiasis in the murine model. Female mice of the Balb / c strain were infected with cercariae and treated intraperitoneally with 3 doses of 100 μg of the proteins at 10 day intervals from the 28th day of infection. Egg numbers were counted in the feces on the 48th and 54th days after infection by the Kato-Katz method. On the 55th day after infection, adult worms were retaken from the hepatic and mesenteric intestinal system, global and differential counts of LCP and blood cells. Cytokines IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in plasma were also quantified, as well as the production of antibodies of the IgG2a and IgE classes. For the analysis of the granulomas and deposition of collagen histological laminae of the liver were made. Our results demonstrate that treatment with the HGPRT enzyme appears to stimulate the production of IL-4 and IL-10 cytokines and promoted significant reduction of liver granulomas in infected and treated animals. Treatment with the PNP enzyme was able to reduce the number of worms in the liver and in the mesenteric vessels of the intestine. The PNP and MIX enzyme treatment were able to reduce the number of eggs in the faeces and negatively modulate the number of eosinophils in the PCL and in the blood. Therefore, treatment with the recombinant enzymes of S. mansoni HGPRT and PNP seems to contribute to the control and reduction of pathophysiological aspects of schistosomiasis, contributing to the reduction of morbidity associated with schistosomiasis in the murine model.
Uma análise semântico-pragmática das construções condicional-concessivas no português do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Cavaguti, Ana Paula
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Conde, Dirceu Cleber
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2630773088169073
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3283246757715190
This research is based on Formal Semantics assumptions and its main goal is to describe the concessive conditional clauses in Brazilian Portuguese. König (1985, 1986) and König and Van Der Van Der Auwera (1988) assert that the concessive conditional clauses share semantic values with the conditional and concessive clauses. In this work, we assume that the concessive conditionals clauses represent a distinct category with specific properties that distinguish them from conditional and concessive clauses. In this research, we propose to investigate: (i) the logical relations and their values of truth that manifested in the concessive conditionals clauses; (ii) the operators that express the concessive conditional meaning; (iii) the features of modality proposed by Kratzer (1981, 2010); (iv) the order of the concessive conditionals clauses in relation to the main clause, (v) the verbal tenses correlations of the both clauses and (vi) identify the type of content suggested that is manifested in the concessive-conditionals. Regarding to item (i), the concessive conditionals clauses can be represented by the logical form (p ˅ ¬p) → q. In relation to the truth conditions, the truth value of p was identified on the basis of the disjunction that manifests in p, that this proposition can be true in two distinct worlds; q is always true in all accessible worlds. With respect to goal in (ii), we identified that, beyond the concessive conditional adverbial clauses, there are non-canonical structures that can also convey, pragmatically, the concessive conditional value. Concerning modality features in (iii), it was found that the modal strength of necessity is determined by the indicative mode; the modal basis may be given by an buletic, deontic, epistemic or teleological conversational background. The ordering of the worlds varies according to the information of the nuclear sentence. With respect to item (iv), it was found that only in the sentences beginning with ACID nem se/nem que, the inversion of the order of the adverbial sentence in relation to the nuclear sentence, interferes in the polarity of the nuclear sentence. In other adverbial constructions, we can change the sentences, without prejudice to meaning. In constructions with adversative ACIDs, the clause initiated with this operator is always follows to the asynthetic sentence. Toward relation of tense verbs - (v) that configures the concessive conditional, it was identified that in the clause in which there is the possibility operator can be expressed with the subjunctive (explicit or not) or with the gerund, and the nuclear, with the indicative mode. Concerning goal in (vi), it has been proved by tests that the secondary content that manifests itself in this type of construction is a conventional implicature, triggered by ACIDs, according to Bach (1999).
Estudo da produção de pigmento por linhagem endofítica de Talaromyces minioluteus / Penicillium minioluteum em diferentes temperaturas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Sousa, Marina Del Bianco
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Baptista-Neto, Álvaro de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3135081161167616
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Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6244428434217018
In view of the risks offered by synthetic pigments to humans and the environment, as well as the growing global interest in healthier and more natural products, the study and interest in the production and use of natural pigments has become increasingly attractive due to less harmful to human health and nature. A promising alternative source for obtaining natural pigments are microorganisms, among them are filamentous fungi, since they have a high productivity and are capable of synthesizing compounds with a wide range of colors. In this context, the present work aimed to evaluate the production of red pigment by the fungus Talaromyces minioluteus/Penicillium minioluteum in submerged cultures under different temperatures. Initially, a microbiological screening of fungal colonies was carried out using a plating methodology, in order to isolate the endophytic strain of Talaromyces minioluteus/Penicillium minioluteum. After obtaining and isolating the species in question, 8 different culture media were analyzed in order to obtain the most favorable for the red pigment production. Submerged cultures in shaken flasks conducted at 28 °C, 250 rpm for 120 hours, showed that the most successful medium to obtain a high production of red pigment was SABORAUD medium (medium 4) with a final pigment concentration of approximately 23.07 AU (Absorbance Unities) for a wavelength of 500 nm. Submerged fermentations using the SABORAUD medium were carried out in a rotating incubator at 250 rpm at temperatures of 20, 24, 28 and 32 °C. Subsequently, cultures were carried out in 4 L benchtop bioreactors of useful capacity at 400 rpm and 0.5 vvm under the same temperature conditions in order to validate the results obtained in a rotary incubator. As a result, the highest red pigment yields were observed at 24 °C, with absorbance values at 500 nm (ABS500) and approximate red pigment concentration of 41.40 AU and 8.07 gpigment/L, respectively. Evaluated the effect of temperature on the red pigment synthesis process, three extraction routines were performed, which routine 3 was used in samples of 20, 24 and 28°C in order to obtain a ratio between absorbance (ABS500) and pigment concentration (gpigment/L). Finally, using the Contois cell growth model, two kinetic modeling of the process was proposed, Modeling A being characterized by assuming glucose as the only limiting substrate and the pigment as a product not associated with growth, and Modeling B characterized for presuming the production of pigment via a precursor from the consumption of the nitrogen source. Both presented satisfactory results, however, Modeling B was the most adequate to describe the behavior of the bioprocess. Thus, the results obtained in this work show the potential of the endophytic fungus Talaromyces minioluteus / Penicillium minioluteum to obtain the red pigment via cultures submerged at different temperatures.
Leitura e inteligibilidade da fala em crianças usuárias de implante coclear
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Lucchesi, Fernando Del Mando
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Almeida-Verdu, Ana Claudia Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3777028853675653
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Souza, Deisy das Graças de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419
Children with prelingual hearing impairment find in the cochlear implant an important alternative for rehabilitation and social integration through listener and oral repertoires. However, during the rehabilitation process, many of these children may face difficulties learning discriminative repertories that are important for improving device usage. Despite the good development of listening skills, predicted by broadly studied variables, the scientific literature points to difficulties in producing intelligible vocal responses – that is, responses with point-to-point correspondence to verbal community conventions – and in the network of relations that describe reading and writing. Specifically concerning oral production, there is consistent data suggesting that these children present responses that are more intelligible during reading tasks than during picture naming tasks. Recent studies point to the interdependence between reading and naming responses through the conceptual and methodological foundations of the equivalence relations paradigm. This paradigm enables multiple exemplar instruction (of stimulus control and response topography) and transfer of control from printed words to pictures. The current work presents three chapters with three distinct studies on this topic: Chapter 1 brings a systematic literature review of verbal repertoire interventions on implanted persons. Most studies focus on the evaluation and prediction of cochlear implanted users’ performance. Results point to the need of greater investment in the planning and evaluation of intervention programs that target the repertoires involved in reading, writing, listening and speaking, indicating positive effects of programmed and individualized teaching. The second chapter describes a pilot study that assessed the effects of a program that teaches reading and writing using multiple picture naming probes with a single subject. This methodological refinement allowed the assessment of how the teaching program affected the quality of the child’s vocal responses as well as possible additional effects of the multiple probes, creating a context to extend the investigation to the study described in Chapter 3. This last study was characterized by exposing four hearing impaired implanted children to the teaching program with multiple figure-naming and word-reading probes between sets of stimuli and training sessions, in a multiple baseline design. This study replicates and expands previous studies by using a refined methodology that increased the quality of participants’ vocal verbal responses for naming pictures and reading words. The discussion highlights the importance of a solid foundation of knowledge on teaching and learning processes in order to obtain better performance with cochlear implants and point future directions for intervention studies.
Plano Nacional de Educação – PNE 2014-2024: cidadania no papel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Robazzini, Alexandre Toledo
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Vilela, Denise Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8155152145332951
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8434442780582380
Citizenship, the central theme of this research, is a concept associated with life in society and, therefore, is shaped according to the needs of each age. In order to understand the concept of citizenship, in the field of human, social, moral and juridical relations, fundamental points of the variations of these significations are sought before and after modern industrial societies. To delimit the approach, the objective is to discuss how and what notion of Citizenship has been used in the official discourse of the Brazilian State, specifically the notion of citizenship present in the National Education Plan - PNE 2014-2024. To do so, the first step is to present a panorama of meanings of the concept of citizenship and its relations with educational development. These meanings will be the basis for our analysis.
Estudo da interação molecular de retrovírus endógenos humanos e antígenos da mielina com anticorpos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Luca, Vanessa de
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Leite, Fabio de Lima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5490031389817518
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3585508432934278
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating and autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. There is evidence that demyelination may be related to the production of autoreactive antibodies against myelin sheath proteins, particularly the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). Despite the etiology of MS remains unknown, it might be due to a sum of factors, such as immune system disruption, genetic susceptibility, and environmental factors, of which viral infections are included as proposed viral triggers for the disease. Therefore, human endogenous retrovirus type W (HERV-W) has been studied in MS, from the detection of proteins of the HERV-W envelope gene in patients with the disease. Infections from viruses may be responsible for triggering autoimmunity in MS through molecular mimicry, which consists in the cross-recognition of the immune system, which begins to recognize self-components as antigens because of the similarity to infectious agents. Due to the relevance of etiological aspects to the comprehension of the mechanisms of action of the diseases, the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) was used to investigate the molecular mimicry theory in MS. For this, MOG peptide sequences similar to HERV-W protein were analyzed.These peptide sequences were subjected to the interaction with anti-HERV-W antibodies applying atomic force spectroscopy and optical detection with silver nanoparticles, aiming to evaluate the molecular interaction and the possible occurrence of molecular mimicry. The obtained results are promising and have revealed the molecular recognition and cross-reactivity of the anti-HERV-W antibody with specific HERV-W and MOG epitopes.
Minorias sociais e seus obstáculos à representação no legislativo brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Castro, Leonardo Aires de
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Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7840982484537748
This work aims to analyze the obstacles to access to political representation of Brazilian social minorities in the House of Representatives. By social minorities, it is understood historically subordinated groups that present compared to other social segments notorious social and representative inequality, namely: women, nonwhites and lower social classes. The focus of the analysis are the 2014 elections and unsatisfactory acquisition according to the logic of descriptive representation of seats in the House of Representatives and 2010 and 2006 Legislatures as the elect and their votes on matters concerning the correction of inequality factors of representative. The project asks if historical conditions of inequality about economic, racial and gender in Brazilian society explain the maintaining status quo with regard to access to social representation of minorities in the House of Representatives. We start from the hypothesis that historical-structural conditions of inequality of these groups hinder representative access because affect negatively on the electoral competition of these actors. Beside these conditions, oligarchies represented in the legislative act to maintain this process of exclusion, in the dealings of subjects that aim to correct or improve institutional mechanisms.
Produção de ficocianina por Aphanothece microscopica Nägeli a partir de vinhaça de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Morais, Dayane Vanessa
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Bastos, Reinaldo Gaspar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9329363278429665
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5112705832865276
Microalgae cultivation has a great diversity of applications. Pigments produced by microalgae are largely used in many industries, such as food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics. Phycobiliproteins are photosynthetic pigments that capture around 50% of the light needed to maintain the metabolism of cyanobacteria. A big advantage for the use of microorganisms to produce pigments is that they can assimilate low-cost energy sources, including wastewaters. In this context, the present work proposed to evaluate the production of phycocyanin by Aphanothece microscopica Nägeli, through its cultivation in vinasse, an effluent generated abundantly in Brazil. The mixotrophic cultivation of A. microscopica in BG11 medium supplemented with vinasse showed superior performance than the photoautotrophic growth, in terms of phycocyanin accumulation, with specific rate of production (μP) and maximum productivity (Prodmax) of 9.86 mg phycocyanin mg biomass/h and 0.0047 mg phycocyanin/L/h, respectively. For the heterotrophic cultivation, the highest phycocyanin production occurred after 6 hours, with μP and Prodmax of 22.59 mg phycocyanin/mg biomass/h and 0.0067 mg phycocyanin/L/h, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found for wide ranges of pH, inoculum and salinity tested. The conditions which had the highest and lowest performance relative to μPmax were selected for further experiments on a benchtop bioreactor. The condition with the highest μPmax showed maximum productivity of 49.18 mg phycocyanin/mg biomass/h, and the lowest, 33.83 mg phycocyanin/mg biomass. Phycocyanin extraction with hydrochloric acid 12 mol/L was the most efficient method, yielding up to 5,6 times more phycocyanin than sonication with glass pearls and phosphate buffer extractions . A. microscopica biomass contained 4.6% of proteins and 6.38% of lipids. Those results show that vinasse can be used as a supplement for the production of phycocyanin by A. microscopica.
Desenvolvimento e aplicação de ferramentas bioinformáticas para a biologia da conservação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Congrains, Karla Verónica Chávez Rodríguez de
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1889742406493210
The analysis of demographic and genetic data is recommended for the success of conservation programs. The integration of this information to generate guidelines for establishing self-sustaining populations and retain the greatest amount of genetic diversity is one of the major objectives of ex situ conservation programs. However, the lack of free and easy-to-use programs developed for conservation purposes are rare. The development of high-level programming languages such as Python and R allows researchers, outside the area of computing, to create their own programs. In this work, three computational tools were developed: STRR, PedmineR, and HetRank. These programs aim to assist in studies of biodiversity conservation. They were designed to aid in the analysis of genetic and demographic data. In such a way, STRR evaluates the quality of the panel of microsatellite markers, and brings a filtering makes indications about the possible use of it. PedmineR facilitates the estimation of demographic and genetic parameters based on pedigree data allowing the incorporation of the panel of microsatellite markers. HetRank predicts individual heterozygosity for the offspring of reproductive mates, been a useful tool for captive breeding programs. The use of these tools in the study of the captive population of the golden-faced lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) shows the applicability and easy use of them, having outlined a methodology that can be repeated in the study of other species.
Controle postural durante o movimento sentado para de pé em crianças e adolescentes com síndrome de Down e fatores biopsicossociais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Oliveira, Maria Fernanda Pauletti
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Campos, Ana Carolina de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5292093208120940
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Rocha, Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2035754554780009
Down syndrome (DS) is a health condition that causes changes in neuromotor, sensory, cognitive and musculoskeletal, compromising postural control and adaptive success in tasks. The health condition of the individual according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) model results from the relationship between the integrity of body functions and structures, capacity to perform functional activities and social participation, as well as the influence of contextual factors. Acknowledging the importance of evaluating all ICF domains to understand postural control in DS and the possible interactions between them motivated Study I, titled "Postural control in children and adolescents with Down syndrome and relations with the dimensions of the International Classification of Functioning - A Systematic Review". This study aimed to understand postural control in children and adolescents with DS, to verify the methods used in the literature considering the ICF dimensions, to evaluate the quality of the studies, and to describe the main results. Changes in postural control in individuals with DS and a lack of research addressing postural control in DS during dynamic activities and postural transfers, such as the to sit to stand movement (STS) were found. There was also a lack of studies addressing the relations between the ICF domains. These findings motivated the study II - "Postural oscillation during sit to stand movement and associations with biopsychosocial aspects in children and adolescents with Down syndrome". The study sought to compare the postural oscillation during the execution of the STS movement in children and adolescents with DS and with typical individuals of 7 to 14 years of age (mean 10,23 ±2,36) of both sexes, based on the analysis of the behavior of the pressure center (CoP). It also aimed to identify specific disabilities in body structure and function, limitations in activities and participation, and contextual factors that would be associated with the performance of the STS movement. We found that children and adolescents with DS had postural oscillation that was greater and faster than their typical peers during STS movement. The main predictors of postural oscillation in this movement were hypotonia and quadriceps muscle strength. It was also noted that gross motor function, functional balance and the characteristics of the domestic environment were related to body structure and function components, such as hypotonia, quadriceps muscle strength, and postural oscillation during STS movement. Thus, it is important to consider all ICF domains in therapeutic approaches to obtain a biopsychosocial panorama of an individual.
Avaliação da capacitação de psicólogos para usarem o programa dos 3Es com cuidadores familiares de idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Ferreira, Camila Rafael
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Barham, Elizabeth Joan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3514026422949214
There is need for qualified professionals who can offer psychoeducational programs that are effective in helping those who care for an elderly family member who has Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Based on evidence from three prior studies, it appears that the “3Cs Program” (3CP) leads to a significant reduction in caregivers’ perceptions of burden. The 3CP aims to help caregivers better: comprehend dementia and strategies that can facilitate caregiving, cope with the demands using constructive strategies, and collaborate with the care recipient to improve this relationship and to be more involved in daily activities. The 3CP is offered individually and in-person, concluded in an average of 8 to 10, one-hour sessions. However, in prior studies, the 3CP was always offered by the same person. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the replicability of the program. Accordingly, 15 Psychology practicum students participated in a theoretical and practice-based professional-development program to use the 3CP, to evaluate whether they would obtain results similar to those observed in previous studies. The professional-development program had two modules, one theoretical (34 hours) and the other practical (32 hours), that were evaluated using a quasi-experimental, pre and post-test study design. The objective of the Theoretical Module was to help the students study the theoretical foundations of 3CP and to develop their skills for assisting the caregivers (via the preparation of summaries of readings, lectures, the simulation of each session, and hypothetical tests). The objective of the Practical Module was for the students to use the 3CP, with supervision, applying the knowledge and skills learned in the Theoretical Module and adapting the 3CP to the context of each caregiver. The students (individually or in pairs) worked with 24 caregivers. To evaluate the effects of the Theoretical Module, the students completed a knowledge-based test and a program-satisfaction scale. To evaluate the impacts of the entire professional-development program on the students’ ability to use the 3CP, the caregivers completed instruments before and after the intervention program to measure: (a) their knowledge of concepts related to the intervention program, (b) use of coping strategies, as well as their perceptions of: (c) the quality of their relationship with their dependent, elderly relative, (d) burden, and (e) the elderly relative’s problem-behaviors. On the last day, they also answered questions about the impacts of the intervention program on their lives. The students’ attendance during the theoretical module was 95.5%, and they showed significant gains in their knowledge of program-related concepts (t(14) = 17.873; p < 0.001; g = 5.49). The caregivers also increased their knowledge of 3CP concepts (t(23) = 10.878; p < 0.001; d = 2.22), and their perceptions of burden were significantly reduced (t(23) = -2.201; p = 0.038; d = 0.45). Thus, the professional-development program was just as effective as in the three previous studies. In future research, it will be important to confirm these findings and verify if the results are the same when this professional-development program is offered to practicing psychologists or health professionals from other areas.
Recordando sobre o brincar na infância de professores participantes de um processo de formação lúdica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Ferroni, Carla de Oliveira
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Sommerhalder, Aline
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4775432120371947
The present research addresses teachers’ childhood memories theme. The educational investigation took as theoretical input authors, such as: Brougère (2010); Nóvoa (2015); Souza, (2006); Josso (2004); Kishimoto (2006). It had as a research question: What do the playful memories of teachers’ childhood reveal in a practice formation? The general objective of the research was to understand memories - memories about playing in childhood, from the perspective of teachers participating in a recreational practice training. Bringing memories to life - memories of teachers or future teachers, specifically their ludic memories directed towards the valuation of personal experiences in processes of teacher training that act with children or will do it in the future. It is also considered that playing is not present in daily pedagogical practices in childhood education contexts or early years of elementary school or when it is present it is sometimes lived sporadically, in a mechanized and overly directed way. The research had a qualitative approach, being descriptive and exploratory and considered as a case study. It was inspired by the approach to life stories. It was carried out through a bibliographical study and field research, and included five subjects (teachers or future teachers) of a university extension project entitled: Ludic Teacher Training: building knowledge and practice of pedagogical practice. The field research data collection was done through autobiographical writings (written narratives) collected throughout the action of teacher training. Conversation circles were also held - oral narrative, throughout the training practice. The data were organized and analyzed in a qualitative perspective, based on the chosen theoretical framework and inspired by content analysis. Among the results it was highlighted: the learning acquired through the experiences that takes place throughout the life of these participants, as the childhood experiences lived in relation to play nurtures the constitution of being a teacher. In addition, playing is not a pedagogical practice valued in processes of teacher training, especially for those who will practice teaching with children.
Experiências emocionais e aprendizagens de mentoras no Programa de Formação Online de Mentores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Massetto, Débora Cristina
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Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250195451890332
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3331023967028359
The research has as purpose to investigate, to describe and to analyze the professional learning and emotional experiences of experienced teachers - future mentors expressed during their participation in an online training program. In addition, a professional teacher development program was developed, via the internet, at the UFSCar Portal of Teachers (www.portaldosprofessores.ufscar.br), entitled Programa de Formação Online de Mentores (PFOM). The program focused on the mentors formation, i.e., teachers, pedagogical coordinators, school directors and in-service teaching supervisors accompanying beginning teachers, helping them to minimize the typical difficulties of this stage of the career in their schools or teaching networks. Specifically, it was investigated and understood, together with the experienced teachers, the learning and knowledge produced in the process of building identity as mentors throughout their participation in the Program, and how they helped in the mentoring of beginner teachers; it was analyzed the emotional experiences of the experienced teachers and how they interfered in their work, in the construction of their identity as a mentor and in the construction of the knowledge necessary to act in a new role. The theoretical framework concentrated on the learning literature and professional development of teaching, knowledge base for teaching, human development ecology, mentoring programs, emotional experience and written narratives which have as main authors: Shulman, Garcia, Mizukami, Bronfenbrenner, Freire et al. A constructive-collaborative approach to research and intervention was adopted and the main instruments of data collection were written narratives elaborated by the participants. Data analysis was performed based on the bioecological theory systems model. These analyzes were made through studies of multiple cases derived from the professional learning and the emotional experiences of mentors: a Triad (experienced teacherbeginner teachers) and two dyads (experienced teacher-beginner). The analyzes indicated that the inclusion of experienced teachers in a new context (PFOM) and the systematic accompagnement with the beginners proved to be a potentially relevant strategy for the construction of professional knowledge related to the role of teacher trainers. Additionally, it was evidenced the emotional dimension of mentoring, revealed by the positive and negative emotional experiences associated with mentoring job. While the online training context, the PFOM has proved to be a promising pedagogical tool in the continuing education and a possibility to support the professional development of teachers in different phases of the career. An important contribution of the present study to the educational area was to involve different subjects - researchers, tutors and teachers, in different stages of the career, in developmental processes caused by the insertion in a new context, PFOM, with its own activities, such as the study and theoretical deepening, mentoring, mentoring, demonstrating and considering that, at different levels, they learn and construct different types of knowledge.
Después del “Redoble por Rancas”: tierra, minería y memoria de un pueblo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-26)
Flores Bordais, Lourdes Eddy
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Silva, Maria Aparecida de Moraes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6792025643983370
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3652422058504084
This master's thesis presents the historical relationship between the San Antonio de Rancas Peasant Community, located in the Pasco region, in the Central Andes of Peru, with the mining companies that operated and operate in the region from the early years of the 20th century until today. Its title refers to the novel published by Manuel Scorza in 1970 that narrates the peasant organization to recover their communal lands enclosed and privatized by the mining company, since our historical research covers the events after the Massacre of Huayllacancha (1960) until today. Based on the expropriation of land and being, it seeks to account for the contradictory features that mark this relationship and open new horizons in the lives of the people of Rancas. How the Ranqueños, after a direct struggle against mining, would have partially sacrificed their relationship with the land as a natural laboratory and cultural foundation and would have given way to strengthening entrepreneurial and individualistic values sympathetic to mining in the region. Supported by a deep socio-historical analysis, we intend to account for these changes that oscillate between integration and resistance to mining expansion. We maintain that the main source of resistance is mediated by historical memory in the Community; while, in a contradictory manner, the character of its integration into mining capitalism increasingly threatens the non-capitalist forms that maintained for centuries the validity of the common. Finally, we made a general observation from the theoretical complex of Bolívar Echeverría. The method used is oral history and documentary analysis.