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A Tradução da Mandinga: processo de reinterpretação da capoeira em São Paulo durante a ditadura militar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-05)
Batalha, Ettore Schimid
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Silvério, Valter Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421231847055027
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1542775348336316
Capoeira is a cultural / sports practice that carries various elements of African diasporic experience in Brazilian society, and constitutes a field of dispute where different struggles that divide the Brazilian society are played. In orality, musicality and corporeality, it is characterized as a black popular culture that responds to the various historical moments. The research aims to understand the reinterpretations that emerged in the São Paulo capoeira from 1964 to 1978, when the masters reinterpreted the practice as a Brazilian martial art. These creations decisively influenced the projection of capoeira, with its presentation at the Festival of Black Arts in Dakar - Senegal in 1966; his recognition as a national sport in 1972 and; the creation of the Paulista Federation of Capoeira in 1974. The qualitative dissertation, using oral history as the main research tool, developed participant observations and open interviews with the masters of capoeira identified as relevant in the process approached. Based on the African Diaspora Studies, Cultural Studies and Postcolonial Studies, the analysis aims to study the identity processes of the cut-off period, with a radical historicization. Also used were works on capoeira, military dictatorship, documents, videos and photos to assist in the historical reconstruction of the period. The work shows that the leaderships, crossed by the practice of capoeira and the process of migration, reinsert their social condition when translating capoeira as a sport in the cut out period. This movement resulted in a field of convergence, culminating in the organization of capoeira as a trade, with championships and theatrical spectacles, permeated by political alliances. These alliances, loaded with ritual reinterpretations and Cultural Translation of Bahian capoeira, will place a tension between the identity constructions of Brazilian society in the historical period cut. These identities, disputed and played inside the capoeira, will result in the emergence of the Capoeira denominated Contemporary.
Estudo da deformação plástica severa por junção por laminação assimétrica acumulada (JLAA) do alumínio AA1050
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-05)
Godoi, Renan Pereira de
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Rubert, José Benaque
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1726311467903505
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Kliauga, Andrea Madeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3527528295399928
Aluminum alloys are widely used in the automotive and aerospace industries due to some characteristics such as low density and high corrosion resistance, but their low tensile strength restricts a number of applications. The grain size is considered as a key factor that affects the mechanical behavior of metallic materials and the well-known Hall-Petch equation shows an improvement of strength through reduction in the average grain size. The process of severe plastic deformation (SPD) stands out precisely in the grain refinement, making it possible to obtain ultrafine grains, with average diameter between 100 to 1000nm. Among the SPD processes, the accumulative roll bonding (ARB) has an advantage over the others in aspects like productivity and volume of produced material. The use of ARB to improve the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys has been extensively studied, but some usual problems from conventional rolling persist, like the highly oriented texture that is inappropriate to conformability. The asymmetric rolling (AR) is able to solve this inconvenient texture, but it does not achieve the degree of strain needed to obtain a homogeneous fine-grained structure. In order to solve these problems, the accumulative asymmetric roll bonding (AARB) was proposed. This process aims to combine the good grain refinement achieved in the ARB with the modification on texture yielded by AR. In this work, AA1050 aluminum samples were submitted to 4, 6 and 10 AARB cycles at 350 and 400oC, that is in the range of hot thermomechanical processing. The samples were mechanically characterized by Vickers microhardness and tensile tests. The microstructures of the samples were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (EBSD and failure analysis), and x-ray diffraction. The results of the characterizations showed a good quality of junction for all samples analyzed. The highest tensile strength values were obtained for the sample submitted to 6 cycles at 350 ° C. The improvement in strength was attributed to the grain refinement driven by dynamic recrystallization, yielding ultrafine grains in the range of 600 to 1000nm. The texture intensity was reduced and changed to shear components, at the same time the same yield and elongation was achieved in the rolling and the transverse directions, which indicates an improvement in the formability properties of the material.
Síntese de micro / nanopartículas de óxido de cálcio por queima de alginato usando via verde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-05)
Araújo, Patrícia dos Santos
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Waldman, Walter Ruggeri
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0616238673458322
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0941361933718898
The present study describes the synthesis of micro / nanoparticle by the method of combustion of alginate associated with ions through gelling, verifying if the properties of the metallic oxides can be influenced by gelation conditions and mechanism of degradation from different conditions of thermal treatment. Experiments were carried out with Sodium and Calcium alginate in thermogravimetric analysis, with a heating rate of 10 °C.min-1 and 50 °C.min-1 in atmosphere of synthetic air and with the burning of the calcium alginate in the oven muffle with heating rate of 10 ° C.min-1 and 20 ° C.min-1 and 15 minutes isotherm at the end of the process. Samples were collected at intermediate temperatures and at the end of degradation. The obtained samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, infrared vibrational spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. It was verified through the obtained thermoanalytical curves that the degradation process can be divided into three main stages, and the sodium alginate yielded - at the end of the degradation - a residue percentage higher than that obtained in the burning of the calcium alginate under the same conditions. Samples observed by scanning electron microscopy presented porous structures, micro and nanometric particles size. In the study of diffraction, it was observed that during the burning phases, the material changed from a predominantly amorphous structure, to form crystalline structures such as Ca(OH)2, CaCO3 in the calcite phase and CaO in the final stages. These results demonstrate the potential of the project in controlling the final product obtained by the combustion method to obtain metal oxide particles according to the characteristics desired for certain applications.
Redes, relações e subgrupos: uma análise da estrutura relacional das empresas do setor automotivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-05)
Ferreira, Augusto Squarsado
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Sacomano Neto, Mário
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0000793038362058
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3362756983776927
The research seeks to show and analyze among 20 major automakers in the global automotive industry, how the actors are organized concerning the network topology and how central they are, assessed by the indegree centrality regarding their structural position. Furthermore, two hypotheses will be proposed, and analyzes of similarities will be made through correlations tests between the actors’ both production, revenue and profit performance attributes and indegree centrality values. In order to accomplish this, we collected 1359 relationships of four specific governance structures from 2011, 2012 and 2013 mainly from the Automotive News magazine guide, and we arranged them in edge lists observing particularly the money flow for each arc. The algorithm called the Louvain method identified cohesive subgroups, and the indegree centrality algorithm counted the money flow. The results show a network structure characterized by communities, as well as moderate to strong similarities between the actors and the subgroups formed by them with their respective revenue and the money flow for the three years accounted here.
Espectro absolutamente contínuo do operador Laplaciano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-06)
Mamani, Carlos Ronal Mamani
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Verri, Alessandra Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8794549732815622
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7491471460040429
Let $\Omega$ be a periodic waveguide in $\mathbb R^3$, we denote by $-\Delta_\Omega^D$ and $-\Delta_\Omega^N$ the Dirichlet and Neumann Laplacian operators in $\Omega$, respectively. In this work we study the absolutely continuous spectrum of $-\Delta_\Omega^j$, $j \in \{D,N\}$, on the condition that the diameter of the cross section of $\Omega$ is thin enough. Furthermore, we investigate the existence and location of band gaps in the spectrum $\sigma(-\Delta_\Omega^j)$, $j \in \{D,N\}$. On the other hand, we also consider the case where $\Omega$ is a twisting waveguide (bounded or unbounded) and not necessarily periodic. In this situation, by considering the Neumann Laplacian operator $-\Delta_\Omega^N$ in $\Omega$, our goal is to find the effective operator when $\Omega$ is ``squeezed''. However, since in this process there are divergent eigenvalues, we consider $-\Delta_\Omega^N$ acting in specific subspaces of the initial Hilbert space. The strategy is interesting because we find different effective operators in each situation. In the case where $\Omega$ is periodically twisted and thin enough, we obtain information on the absolutely continuous spectrum of $-\Delta_\Omega^N$ (restricted to that subspaces) and existence and location of band gaps in its structure.
Estudos da expressão e da função do gene sintase de quitina em Atta sexdens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-06)
Moreira, Ariele Cristina
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Souza, Dulce Helena Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428955299526003
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1371170514618038
In Brazil, leaf-cutting ants belonging to the genus Atta and Acromyrmex and are considered as pests in agricultural and forestry regions that can lead to great economic losses. The aim of this work was to identify the transcripsts sequence that codify to chitin synthase in Atta sexdens (AsCHS), which has been described as the main enzyme in the metabolism of chitin synthesis. Evaluate the gene expression of AsCHS during insect developmental stage (larva, pupa and medium worker) and different body parts from medium worker (head, mesosome and worker without gaster), validate reference genes for quantitative PCR (qPCR) and evaluate the gene function by gene silencing through RNAi-mediated. The sequence coding to AsCHS was amplified by PCR based on conserved regions for insect CHSs, since the genome of that ant is not available. Two isoforms, from alternative splicing of the same gene were identified and sequenced. For gene expression analysis through qPCR, the reference gene for A. sexdens were determined, ef1-alpha and rpl18 for developmental stages and rpl18 and ef1-beta for different body parts from medium worker. The AsCHS is expressed in a different level during ant development, being pupa the developmental stage with the highest level of transcripts and the mesosome and worker without gaster, among the body parts from medium worker. The gene function was evaluated by gene silencing through RNAi-mediated in pupae. A reduction of 18 % of the CHS transcripts level was verified 168 h (7 days) after the injection of 300 ng of siRNA for AsCHS compared to the controls, resulting in pupae with morphological changes and an almost 50 % of ant’s mortality. This result show that AsCHS is an important enzyme for the development of A. sexdens. To the best of our knoledge, this is the first work to use the RNA interference techniques and quantification of transcripts by qPCR in leaf-cutting ants.
Mulher, palavra e poder: construções discursivas do feminino em campanhas eleitorais para a presidência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-06)
Bittencourt, Joseane Silva
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Piovezani Filho, Carlos Félix
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1677609008094603
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6911523671744381
Dans ce travail, nous nous proposons d’analyser la constitution de l’image des femmes politiques qui ont concouru pour les élections présidentielles au Brésil depuis 1989, en particulier dans leur propagande électorale télévisée (HGPE). Ce travail est basé sur l'analyse du discours qui associe la pensée de Michel Pêcheux et Michel Foucault, et des contributions d'études dans les divers domaines, tels que les Études de Genre, le Histoire, les Études Sociales et l'Anthropologie Culturelle. Notre travail vise à identifier comment la formation historique des discours a mobilisé la formulation et la circulation des énoncés des femmes et sur les femmes politiques et comment la conjonction de ces trois instances – la constitution, la formulation et la circulation – a produit certains effets de sens à partir de ce que vous dites et la façon dont ils parlent des candidats et de ce qu'il dit et la façon que vous parlez à votre égard. Notre hypothèse est qu'il y a une récurrence mais aussi une déstabilisation des sens, des préjugés et les stéréotypes que “naturalisent” la condition féminine, inscrit à un degré plus ou moins, tant dans les dits des candidats que dans les formulations de leurs alliés et de leurs adversaires, qu’il a produire des effets dysphoriques et euphoriques à propos de ces candidatures, conformément aux positions idéologiques de son énonciateurs. Nous avons établi trois objectifs spécifiques pour notre travail: i) présenter et discuter des conditions de possibilité qui ont fait émerger les questions de genre dans les espaces de recherche, notamment en relation avec la langue et la politique; ii) identifier et décrire les énoncés qui circulent dans la mémoire collective sur la femme et de sa condition féminine; iii) identifier, décrire et analyser comment les usages, les propriétés et les effets du langage, du corps et de la voix sont utilisés pour la construction discursive de l'image des femmes politiques et de leur condition féminine dans la campagne électorale. Nous avons constitué un jeu de données à partir de la production de l'émission de télévision les campagnes brésiliennes des candidats à la présidence du Brésil, qui sont: Lívia Maria Lêdo Pio de Abreu, candidate du Parti Nacionaliste (PN), dans les élections de 1989; Thereza Tinajero Ruiz, candidate du Parti Nacional du Travail (PTN) dans les élections de 1998; Ana Maria Rangel, candidate du Partido Républicain Progressiste (PRP) et Heloísa Helena, candidate du Parti Socialisme e Liberté (PSOL), le deux candidates dans les élections de 2006; Marina Silva, candidate du Partido Verde (PV) dans les élections de 2010 et du Parti Socialiste Bresilien (PSB) dans les élections de 2014; Luciana Genro, candidat dans les élections de 2014 du Parti Socialisme e Liberté (PSOL); et Dilma Rousseff, candidat du Parti dos Travailleurs (PT) dans les élections de 2010 e 2014.
Análise dos parâmetros de sustentabilidade em dois campi de universidades federais: UNIFESP e UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-06)
Rodrigues, Suelen Cristiane
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Cardoso, André Coimbra Felix
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5070278488167612
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4438661698075090
The concern about sustainability, a comprehensive and multidisciplinary theme, it is effective in several areas of knowledge and in different sectors of society, since everyone, directly or indirectly, contributes to the degradation of the environment. Facing this responsibility, Public Institutions of Higher Education, which have an essential role in sustainable development, must invest in innovative solutions and seek the path of good practices to mitigate the environmental and socioeconomic damages caused by their infrastructure. Thus, the objective of the research is to evaluate the sustainability practices adopted by two Brazilian public universities. In this regard, a study of qualitative nature, with exploratory and descriptive character, was developed. The theoretical-conceptual background was made through the bibliographic review of the themes: sustainable development, universities within sustainable development, the sustainability practices contained in Brazilian universities, the Campus Verde concept and the restrictions of this model. There was the data gathering through the documentary analysis of the Institutional Development Plan, Infrastructure Master Plans, Sustainable Logistics Management Plan and Pedagogical Project of the universities. Furthermore, sustainability parameters were defined by means of a sketch deployment model composed of levels, based on the experiences of university campuses and the methodological proposals of analysis developed by researchers of the area. And for the analysis of practices with the F.O.F.A. application. The results indicated that the two universities planned actions in the established model categories, however, the superficiality of some proposals was verified, since gaps were identified between what was idealized in the variables and what effectively was implemented due to bureaucratic, budgetary and cultural barriers that present to be overcome. The study made it possible to understand that, despite the efforts undertaken by the evaluated institutions ,the sustainability practices are being gradually incorporated into the daily life of the university, and there are now specific and technical actions, such as practices for waste management in campuses and the research and extension projects that express the concern of the university with social issues, both actions directed by entrepreneurs committed to the environmental theme, indicating that there is a long way to be traversed for the effectiveness of sustainability in the university environment.
Comparação entre a moldagem por injeção e a manufatura aditiva utilizando materiais poliméricos reciclados: um estudo de acv
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-06)
Garcia, Fabricio Leon
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Silva, Diogo Aparecido Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1101747760784249
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Moris, Virgínia Aparecida da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1101036108950133
With society increasing concern regarding the environmental impacts generated by production processes and products, it has been growing the necessity for studies that analyze new technological alternatives of the manufacturing towards cleaner production. With the recent technological advance, additive manufacturing (AM) deserves some attention, which has been gaining space in the industries due to the possibility of working with pieces of different geometric shapes, and distributing the production along the value chain. In this context, a comparative analysis was performed between two manufacturing processes, one conventional (CM), injection molding, and another additive (Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM)), to evaluate their potential environmental impacts, identifying the main environmental hotspots and analyzing the influence of the infill through the AM on the environmental performance of the process. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology was adopted, which has an holistic profile, and it allows a powerful evaluation of the environmental performance of a process or product. In order to carry out the study, pieces of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) recycled from waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) were produced on both processes. The results indicate a lower environmental impact of the AM when it is aimed to produce a batch size smaller than 14 pieces, and above 50 pieces the CM generated less impact, for the global warming potential (GWP) and Cumulative energy demand (CED). In order to better analyze the processes, the UPLCI (Unit Process Life Cycle Inventory) methodology was adopted, which resulted in an impact assessment layered by each mode of operation / process step of the equipment studied. For the AM, the printing stage was the one that contributed the most for generating impacts. In CM, the main factors responsible for generating impacts were the injection phase, followed by the consumption of raw material. Mechanical tensile tests were carried out with the pieces obtained by the AM with different infills (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). It was possible to observe that, even with 100% filling, the printed parts presented a mechanical performance lower than those made from the CM. In addition, when the values obtained for the tensile strength and the generated impact (GWP) were analyzed for each infill of the pieces obtained by the AM, it was observed that the pieces with 100% of filling obtained the best relation between better mechanical properties and lower environmental impact.
Simpatria entre duas espécies de peixes invertívoras de Bertioga (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-06)
Silva, Victoria Pinheiro Gonçalves da
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Peret, Alberto Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0995579236780271
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2467512665618438
The objective of this work was to verify the feeding overlap between two caracids fishes, Hollandichthys multifasciatus and Mimagoniates microlepis, in 11 coastal streams in Bertioga (SP), as well as to describe the diet of both species and verify the occurrence of seasonal and spatial variation over a year. The sampling sites are located in the municipality of Bertioga (SP). The samplings were monthly done from may/2016 to april/2017 with the aid of electric fishing. The specimens collected were anesthetized and dissected, in which the stomachs were removed and stored in ependorf for future analysis. The food items were divided into 17 categories according to their origin: allochthonous, autochthonous and unknown. The frequency of occurrence and volume of each item ingested was combined to form the food index. Bray-Curtis similarity, followed by clustering, was used to identify spatial-temporal variations in fish diet. A redundancy analysis was used to verify the influence of environmental data on the items consumed. The Morisita index was calculated to identify the degree of food overlap between the two species. Both species demonstrated an invertivore feeding habit with tendency to terrestrial invertivory. The sazonal variation observed for H. multifasciatus and M. microlepis occurred in the volume of adult terrestrial insects ingested. Also, a diet shift was observed among streams, the fishes category became the most consumed by H. multifasciatus in streams 5 and Decapoda in streams 7 and 11, and M. microlepis fed large quantities of immature aquatics insects in strems 5 and 9. The RDA showed that environmental variables that best explained the axes and influencied the most in the diet composition were gravel and litter. The food overlap, in gerenal, was moderate between periods, streams and stretches, except strems 3, 4 and 10 which presented high overlap.
Uma abordagem de desenvolvimento solo de aplicações utilizando princípios ágeis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-06)
Previato, Erick Vansim
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Beder, Delano Medeiros
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5845245549777383
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5498805766404590
The application development market has been growing over the years, thereby, companies always seek to use development methodologies that increase productivity and team interaction, decrease the cost and development time, without losing the quality of the final product. In addition, several people try to work in this market, but does not have the necessary resources to hire a team. Thinking about this scenario, this paper proposes a study of the solo development methodologies that follow agile principles, and also proposes a new approach to solo development. As a result, is presented if it is possible to adopt agile methodologies in solo software development. It is also showed a new development approach based on agile Scrum and XP methodologies, but adapted for individual use. In order to validate a proposal, two pilot projects were developed for the implementation of the methodology, and the results of this application are explored in order to know whether such an approach is viable or not.
Uma nova caracterização dos Espaços de Sobolev W^{1,p}(R^n)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-06)
Elias, Thaysa Fernanda
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Picon, Tiago Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7853908129934448
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3548604476984039
In this work we will present a new characterization of the Sobolev space W^{1,1}(\R^n) and also we give another proof of the characterization of the Sobolev space W^{1,p}(\R^n), 1
Leitura e relações dialógicas em fóruns escolares de discussão.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-09)
Lacerda, Noara Pedrosa
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Moura, Maria Isabel de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7089011529083708
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3573972672710421
Cette recherche a eu aide financière du Capes, avec la bourse d'étude doutoral dans le pays lui-même, pendant la période de septembre 2014 à février 2018. Lecture et relations dialógicas dans des forums scolaires de discussion c'est un travail de reconnaissance d'elle et de l'autre dans la procédure de lecture dans la salle de leçon. Une recherche qui a observé et a cherché comprendre la constitution du sujet lecteur inséré dans une pratique d'enseignement de lecture particulière au temps et l'espace de dire contemporain, donc, aussi est la perception de la pratique lectrice sous la polarisation de l'acte responsable et d'une place de alteridade, de constitution. L'étude il présente une réflexion sur la pratique lectrice, à partir d'une expérience de lecture avec l'oeuvre « Amour dans des Temps de Blog » de Vinícius Champs, dans deux forums scolaires de discussion, d'afférent au projet de lecture officielle l'école (Projet Littéraire Lecture et Société) et autre (Sujets Lecteurs) afférent au désir de faire différent de l'élève lui-même, peut-être une envie dire transgresseur et, au-dessus de tout, constitutif de sens. Dans ce contexte, Bakhtin et les compréhensions de leur cercle d'étude sont sauvées, non comme un arsenal théorique, mais comme une lecture qui permet de différents regards sur le sujet lecteur et les pratiques d'enseignement et la lecture. Pour cette fin, nous cherchons les conceptions d'acte responsable, le sujet, la langue et l'exotópia présents dans Bakhtin (1986, 2010, 2011), les perceptions sur lecture et enseigne des cadeaux dans Ponzio (2010, 2011), Petrilli (2013), Geraldi (2010.2012.2013.2015) ; outre l'idée de bien symbolique soulevée par (Bourdiue 2011). D'autres studieux de la langue dûment ont été faits référence dans le texte et ils également ont contribué avec le mot lancé par ce travail. Aussi nous reportons aux documents officiels signés ou non par MEC et leur enregistrement dans l'enseignement de langue portugaise et dans les pratiques génériques de lecture au Brésil (PCN, LDB, SAEB). Pour réaliser la recherche, nous utilisons la méthode de commentaire et d'analyse de postagens des lecteurs (élèves et enseignant), sujets nous forums de Lecture (officiel et parallèle), ainsi que des manuels indiqués à l'enseignant et aux élèves pour la réalisation des activités des propositions par Projeto Littéraire de Lecture. À partir des discussions nous des forums et dans la procédure d'expérience avec la lecture dans cet espace, quelques hypothèses ont été construits, autre desconstruída sur laquelle doit ou ne pas être incorporée aux leçons de lecture, toujours dans le but de rendre cette pratique cohérente aux changements sócio-históricas et aux nécessités comunicativas incorporées dans le monde « réel » par jeunes étudiants ou par le marché lui-même de consommation : lecture est acte sensible, est pratique sociale, est interaction, est possibilité de alteridade, est événement et comme tel doit être compris dans la singularité essentielle qui lui contient. La constitution du sujet lecteur et la lecture, tant qu'événement, nous ont montré le désir de dire cadeau dans chaque postagem et ont permis le caractère singulier de cette recherche, outre élargir tout qui s'est dit sur lecture dans les salles de leçon.
Logística reversa de pneus inservíveis: modelo de otimização para decisões estratégicas e táticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-10)
Burgos Meneses, Jorge Michael
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Ferreira, Deisemara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0245267028273903
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Toso, Eli Angela Vitor
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6663631731115739
The accumulation of waste tires is a problem of great concern worldwide, as these are non-biodegradable and low compressibility solid waste, which cause different damage to the environment and public health. In Brazil, there are laws that establish targets for the environmentally appropriate disposal of waste tires, and make tire producers and importers responsible for this activity. The tire reverse network in Brazil consists of disposal points, called ecopoints, intermediate centers, where take place tire sorting and grinding activities, and processing plants, where take place different recycling or value recovery activities. Currently, the tire producers and importers carry out the collection of waste tires, at the request of the ecopoints when they reach an established quantity. For collection planning are not considered critical information as: the ecopoints inventory capacity; the capacity and availability of intermediate centers and processing plants; and forecasts of the amount of waste tires. Reverse logistics of tires involves high transport costs, since the shape of the tires makes it difficult to compaction of the load and there is a great geographical dispersion of the ecopoints. In this sense, the opening of sorting and grinding centers can bring economic benefits by reducing transport costs and generating revenues from the sale of the steel removed from the crushed tires and the sale of reusable tires. In this research, a mathematical programming model is proposed to support the planning decisions of reverse tire logistics in Brazil, considering both strategic-level decisions (location and dimensioning of intermediate centers); and tactical-level decisions (vehicle fleet sizing, material flow between points, quantities of tires to be sorted, crushed, stocked, marketed on the secondary market and disposed in each period of time). For the computational experiments, 40 instances were considered based on real data from the State of São Paulo (Brazil). The results show that the proposed model adequately represents the reverse network and provides good solutions for the strategic and tactical decisions involved in network planning. Several heuristic methods have been developed as solution alternatives for cases where the exact methods are not efficient. The heuristics are able to find good quality solutions with low computational time. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is performed in order to show the impact of the variation of parameters such as the sale price of reusable tires in the secondary market, transportation costs and disposal costs.
A Operação Lava-Jato nas páginas de opinião da Folha de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-10)
Geraldini, Bernardo Fogli Serpa
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Azevedo, Fernando Antonio Farias de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6291864794986993
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0037451689199303
The mass media are a central element of the contemporary political life, and newspapers, in Brazil, are important mainly because of their ability to set the agenda of other media. In this sense, Folha de S. Paulo has a leading role not only because of its leadership in printed circulation, but also because of its growing virtual audience. Since 2014, its agenda has come to include the coverage of “Operação Lava-Jato” (literally, Operation Car Wash), an investigation carried out by the Brazilian Federal Police in order to inquire into corruption schemes. The object of this research is the editorial section of the Folha de S. Paulo, and the objective is to understand how the operation was portrayed by the newspaper. Thus, due to the importance of this investigation in the Brazilian political scenario, we sought to understand how the Folha de S. Paulo characterized both the operation and the political actors involved in it. To this end, the newspapers’ editorials published throughout almost four years were analyzed. The main method used was framework analysis. In terms of frequency of mentions, the results show that the newspaper initially highlighted individuals associated with the Brazilian Workers’ Party that were involved in the scandals, a highlight that was lessened after the impeachment that took place in 2016. In terms of the frameworks, it was found that at first the operation was praised, after which it was seen as a force disturbant to the political system and from which arose abuse of authority. It was found that the “antipetismo” (bias against the Workers’ Party), already pointed out by other researches, was present under different configurations in the editorials. In addition, it was noted that the Folha de S. Paulo did not embrace the opportunity to hold a debate on the institutional conditions that favor transgressions of the kind investigated by the operation in question.
Fisiologia e Estética: elementos de uma antropologia em Diderot
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-12)
Alves Junior, José Carlos
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Nascimento, Luís Fernandes dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3654785629696808
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2596821689900698
This study analyzes the relationships between physiology and aesthetics in some of Diderot's works, deeming itself certain elements of an anthropology. The proposal consists in investigating how these relationships are characterized by complex operations concerning the sensitive perceptions, in which the scopes of sciences and arts intertwine. In this perspective, the study sought to examine the way by which Diderot develops an aesthetics-philosophical thought relating the physical instance to the psychic, moreover, presenting a physiological conception of the sensations which emphasize the notions of harmony and internal order as operator elements amid the concept of fine-arts. In order to explain these psycho-physiological operations, Diderot reappraises the notions of nature, science, and art following an investigative approach made possible by the advances of the medical and natural sciences, somehow distancing himself from mechanistic assumptions of that time. For this purpose, Diderot elaborates some reflections from precise elements which are obtained in the field of the arts, although finds them in analogies, metaphors, hypotheses, and conjectures that are extracted from the scientific scope. Thus, those procedures evidence the complex phenomena that compose the cerebral activities, as well as indicating certain interactions between the nervous system and some specific organs. In such investigative paths, a tension is found between the psycho-physical constitution and life in society, consequently revealing a dramatic aspect of the human existence inscribed in the boundaries of the imaginary and the experience.
Indexicais descritivos: uma investigação semântico-pragmática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-13)
Dal Ava, Felipe Manca
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Basso, Renato Miguel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6984826176670527
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7742680273594369
In this dissertation, we will present a general introduction with some of the main ideas involving indexicals, and briefly touching the problem of their descriptive readings (descriptive indexicals). We will focus, in particular, on the general characteristics of Kaplanian theory (1989) and see some alternate theories (Hunter, Nunberg, Elbourne, etc.) that might add up and define how indexicals might behave. Soon after it, in the first chapter, we will present Kaplan's theory (1989) in its details, focusing mainly on the indexicals; specially on how Kaplanian functions (character and content) works, as well as scope and limitations of this kind of approach. In the second chapter, the longest of our work, we will highlight the main alternatives to Kaplanian theory, notably those that might consider descriptive readings of indexicals as viable. We will explore each one of those alternatives (Nunberg, Elbourne, Hunter, Kijania-Placek, Sæbø) and work with different examples and possible solutions to this linguistic problem. In the third and final chapter, we will take into account all theories presented and consider their advantages and disadvantages when dealing with descriptive indexicals.
O mentir pró-social em escolares: influências de idade, contexto social e consequências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-13)
Arruda, Daiane Araujo de
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Souza, Débora de Hollanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3640676759708745
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7956042101555316
Lying with the purpose of gaining social acceptance is called prosocial lying. It serves to avoid embarrassment, to preserve privacy and affective bonds or even to escape from an embarrassing situation. Recent studies on prosocial lying have shown that children's assessments of this behavior vary depending on the social environment in which the interaction occurs and on the consequences of lying. Following this direction, the goal of the present study was to investigate how 7-, 9- and 11-years-old children evaluate prosocial lying in two experiments. In both experiments, participants heard stories during which the protagonist would either tell a prosocial lie; tell the truth and hurt the feelings of one friend; slander; or praise a friend. After hearing each story, children were asked to rate how good or bad the character's behavior was. In Experiment 1, participants heard eight stories, four taking place in a public setting and four in a private setting, thus creating a possibility to analyze whether children take into account the environment or social context to assess the behavior of others. In Experiment 2, children also heard eight stories; in four of them, the choice of the character would bring an important consequence to the other person in the future, whereas in the other four stories, for the consequence would be provided in the present moment. Sixty-nine children aged 7, 9 and 11 participated in Experiment 1; in Experiment 2, 72 children from the same three age groups. Results from Experiment 1 show that older children, more specifically 11-year-olds, considered that a blunt truth is better when spoken in a private setting than in a public setting, but there was no effect of environment when they evaluated prosocial lying. In Experiment 2, 11-year-olds rated a blunt truth more positively than a prosocial lie, however, the consequence of the choice made did not affect their assessments. Nevertheless, 11-year-olds rated more negatively lying when the consequence came later than when the consequence immediately followed the interaction, suggesting that these children were thinking about the possibility of the listener having problems later. The present work makes an important contribution to research on prosocial lying and, more comprehensively, research on moral development and cultural effects, in particular, by providing new evidence on the role of contextual variables for moral evaluation of lies and truths in a sample of Brazilian children.
Espectroscopia Raman amplificada por superfície associada à cromatografia em camada delgada para análise de amostras alimentícias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-13)
Soares, Frederico Luis Felipe
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Carneiro, Renato Lajarim
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8065852319463976
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1064620847107189
Surface enhancement Raman spectroscopy (SERS) presents the advantages of conventional Raman spectroscopy with the possibility to detect compounds in low levels due to the enhancement on Raman intensity, generated by the molecule-nanoparticle system. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a fast and easy separation technique, that can be coupled to several analytical techniques in order to identify compounds. TLC-SERS is a relatively new technique, with only a few works published; however it presents the advantages of both techniques synergically. The use of nanoparticles adsorbed onto the TLC plate enables to obtain Raman spectra of the separated compounds even in low concentrations. Therefore, this work proposes the use of TLC-SERS in three different application of food interest: product authentication, food safety and stability studies. 1) In product authentication, it was analyzed Pilsner beer samples in order to obtain pattern recognition related to brand and brewery. Samples were prepared in TLC plates and sprayed with gold nanoparticle to promote SERS analysis regarding the elution line of the target analytes. The obtained results were compared by two chemometric methods of data decomposition and signal recovering: multivariate curve resolution (MCR) and independent component analysis (ICA). From the obtained chromatographic peaks was possible to perform fingerprint analysis and identify clustering pattern concerning sample brand and brewery location. 2) As food safety application, the aim was to develop and optimize an analytical methodology to quantify two veterinary drugs (sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) in bovine milk. Central composite design was applied evaluating NaCl concentration and nanoparticles pre-concentration to optimize the analytical signal. The hyperspectral images obtained from TLC-SERS were processed using different chemometric methods. For trimethoprim, it was obtained recoveries of 82 – 112% in milk samples. Due to the high complexity of the samples, it was not possible to obtain reliable quantitative values for sulfamethoxazole. 3) For the stability study, it was kinetically assessed one red wine sample under different degradation conditions. For this, it was used a 2³ design of experiments varying pH, dissolved O2 and the presence of anti-oxidant agent. Samples were left in three stocking temperatures (4, 24 and 40 °C) and evaluated during 45 days. SERS chromatograms were analyzed using ICA, and from the chromatographic profile, it was possible to perform ANOVA-PCA where it was identified temperature and the presence of anti-oxidant agent as the most significant variables.
Valorización de los residuos de la industria cervecera para utilización como biosorbente.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-13)
Aldana, Carolina Estefania Duque
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Camargo, Luciana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6238603150964753
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Waldman, Walter Ruggeri
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0616238673458322
The high costs of removing heavy metals and their toxic compounds has in recent decades, led to the demand for new and more efficient methods that are not only able to be removed but also recycled and reused since many of these metals have important industrial applications. In this search for sustainability, research has been done about the use of agricultural waste as absorbent, these lignocellulosic materials were found to be effective adsorbents of metal ions, which, chemically modified in most cases, increase their adsorption capacity. The present work used the two main residues of the brewing industry as a biosorbent: the barley bagasse biomass in three different sizes C80, C200 and C250 μm, and the biomass of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, FUS05. The SEM/EDS and FTIR analysis showed the rough texture of the samples and the presences of hydroxyl groups, alcohols groups, some methyl aliphatic groups, and amino bands on the material, respectively. However, the FTIR analysis after adsorption did not show significant changes in the functional groups. The data of Cu removal using C250 and FUS05 particles were found the best fit for a pseudo-second order while using the C80 and C200 particles did not show a good fit in either of the two kinetic models used (pseudo-first and pseudo-second order). Regarding the equilibrium study, the data were found best fit both C80 and C200 particles to Freundlich model and the biomass of S. cerevisiae was better adjusted to the Langmuir model, thus ordering the material according to its level of efficiency was found: FUS05> C80> C200> C250. These results demonstrate the potential of this material as a biosorbent of Cu (II) ions in solution. Finally, in terms of the material's applicability, the C80 particle was used in an artificial effluent, getting a copper removal higher than 50% although the experimental data were not fitted to any kinetic model under study.