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Avaliação da legislação brasileira do uso conjugado de água de chuva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-28)
Maebara, Andre Kazunori
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Barreto, Douglas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369326190168139
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3269661904318428
With the growth of cities and the great urban concentration, problems like the lack of water and urban drainage begin to occur. To reduce this problem, the use of rainwater begins to be proposed in legislation with the objective of rational use of drinking water and the reduction or control of floods. The importance of the study of municipal laws, together with the norms, is justified in order to identify and standardize the parameters and guidelines that allow the combined use of rainwater, considering retention and utilization. The objective of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of applying municipal legislation for the retention and utilization of rainwater in urban lots by means of the identification of the guidelines contained in the laws and the respective parameterization with the technical standards. Through the bibliographical survey of the legislation, the study was made to elucidate the important points and parameters, making the comparison between laws and norms applying the parameters in different typologies of houses for the cities of São Paulo and São José do Rio Preto, and also the scales, according to legislation to verify if they meet the demand and retention of rainwater. Among the nine parameters analyzed, only three of them, the dimensioning, the use of rainwater and the application of the legislations, are presented in detail, the remaining parameters are just mentioned. In the sizing the equations contained in the laws use variables such as impermeable area of coverage and terrain. There is also the rainfall index and rainfall, but are used as constants. For the sizing according to the standard, variables such as rainfall index and demand are used. The potential for utilization has been shown that for large reservoir volumes it is biased towards the detention of rainwater, although, with large reservoir volumes, the rainwater harvesting system can make both the use of rainwater when water in the lot. Finally, even in the case of rainwater retention legislation, it is possible to make use of it according to the law.
Diversidade e descolonização do currículo do ensino superior: diálogos Brasil e Estados Unidos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-30)
Santos, Fernanda Vieira da Silva
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Rodrigues, Tatiane Cosentino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8361431964064731
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2007812280080118
This paper is a result of a research entitled "Knowledge, research and innovation in teacher education for ethnic-racial development in higher education: questionings and contributions of the ethnic-racial and cultural matrices of African and Afro-descendant knowledge", from the Center for Studies Afro-Brazilians (NEAB) of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), in which this project is the result of the Academic Development Program Abdias Nascimento, for the grant of the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento do Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Thus, the study is divided into three sections: First, a Abdias Nascimento’s biography, second a review literature from data bases: Institute of Educational Sciences (ERIC) and Electronic Scientific Library (SCIELO), and the history of Higher Education in Brazil and United States ; Finishing with reflexions about higher education and race relations. There are also the Appendices on the implementation of the Academic Development Program Abdias Nascimento, with a perspective on the dissemination of race relations during this internship. Throughout the paper it was presented historical syntheses on the challenges of the black population to get access to Higher Education
Ensino de relações nome-objeto e aprendizagem de relações emergentes por bebês
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-04-30)
Souza, Leylanne Martins Ribeiro de
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Gil, Maria Stella Coutinho de Alcântara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1673770301699940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1985095548807586
The studies reported in this dissertation specifically addressed the population of toddlers, aged between 14 and 25 months age. The studies investigated the teaching of name-object relations in tasks of auditory-visual conditional discrimination, and the emergence and stability of new name-object relations in toddlers. Study 1 verified for seven children, aged between 18 and 22 months, the establishment of relations between words and objects using discrimination probes – which evaluated the sample-S+ relation – after the emergence of a conditional relation in responding by exclusion. Emergence of conditional relations was verified with exclusion probes and establishment of emergent relations was tested through discrimination probes. Six out of seven children responded by exclusion. One participant responded to the stimuli from the discrimination probes after ten trials: one exclusion trial and nine subsequent trials, similar to exclusion trials, and maintained consistent responses in the follow-up between two and six days. Study 2 carried out with 19 children between 14 and 25 months old, evaluated learning of name-object relations, after emergence of the conditional relation in responding by exclusion, through discrimination probes, and compared the performance of the participants in the discrimination probes with the performance on the learning and naming probes. Six out of 19 participants responded by exclusion. Discrimination probes attested learning of two nameobject relations by three participants. One participant’s responses were consistent with learning two relations after taught emergent name-object relations. In Study 3 we tried to identify the variables that could cause the errors occurred in the teaching of name-object conditional discriminations defined for the 19 children who participated in Study 2. All children had the repertoire evaluated by the Inventário Portage Operacionalizado (IPO) on four occasions: the first at the beginning of the data collection and the last one immediately before the closing of the research participation. For the analysis of the data, two types of procedure were performed: categorization of participants' performance in the different stimulus arrangements of matchingto-sample (MTS with one, two and three stimuli comparison); and comparison of the median of the IPO results of the group of children in relation to the overall score and in the areas of Cognition and Language. The analyzes suggest that there was a lack of prerequisite behaviors for the selection of the correct stimulus in the MTS tasks as an explanatory possibility for the occurrence of errors. The three studies provided evidence difficulties and potentialities of the procedures when destined to toddlers with the purpose of teaching and the maintenance of emergent relations by exclusion.
Produção de fenóis voláteis por isolados de Dekkera bruxellensis da fermentação etanólica e efeitos sobre uma linhagem industrial de Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-02)
Silva, Lincon Felipe Lima
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Ganga Muñoz, María Angélica
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Ceccato-Antonini, Sandra Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7600793543184032
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6770132100603523
One of the main contaminant yeast is Dekkera bruxellensis being known its ability to produce volatile phenolic compounds such as 4-vinylphenol (4-VP) and 4-ethylphenol (4-EP) from hydroxycinnamic acids through the activity of the enzymes cumarate decarboxylase (CD) and vinylphenol reductase (VR), respectively. Hydroxycinnamic acids are present in the sugarcane juice as well as molasses and, thus, 4-EF could be synthesized during Brazilian ethanol fermentation conditions and act as metabolism inhibitors of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The objective of this work was initially quantify the specific activities of the enzymes CD and VR of three strains of D. bruxellensis isolated from the ethanolic fermentation and two industrial strains of S. cerevisiae (PE-2 and CAT-1). Following the production of 4-EP in fermentations with and without cell recycle utilizing molasses and sugarcane juice as fermentation media by the strains of D. bruxellensis and one industrial strain of S. cerevisiae (PE-2) was evaluated. The effect of p-coumaric acid, 4-VP and 4-EP on the growth of S. cerevisiae PE-2 was also evaluated in semi-synthetic medium. The D. bruxellensis strains showed maximum specific enzymatic activity (U/mg protein) CD of 184.44 up to 215.52 and VR of 101.94 up to 154.26. Although the S. cerevisiae strains also showed CD and VR enzymatic activities, that there was no 4-EP production under fermentation conditions. The fermentative tests without cell recycle showed that the highest values for 4-VP and 4-EP occurred after 24 h during the exponential phase of growth and were stable until 72 h of fermentation in sugarcane juice and molasses. Comparatively the concentrations of 4-EP were higher in the fermentations with cell recycle especially in molasses, with D. bruxellensis CCA077 being the largest producer, 9.47 mg/L, in the first 12-h fermentative cycle already. There was no inhibitory effect of p-coumaric acid, 4-VP and 4-EP at concentrations of 4 to 20 mg/L, 2 to 10 mg/L and 3 to 15 mg/L, respectively, on the maximum specific growth rate of the S. cerevisiae PE-2 strain.
Estudo químico e ecológico de Escovopsis spp., invasor do jardim de fungos de formigas cortadeiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-02)
Santos, Ana Carolina Alves do
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Vieira, Paulo Cezar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8923844563320377
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6169045230374129
Microorganisms associated to leaf cutting ants comprise an important source of antifungal and antibacterial compounds due to the environment they are inserted in. The fungal garden is composed by a complex microbial network in which, can be found, at least, a mutualistic fungus (Leucoagaricus gongylophorus), a specialized parasite (Escovopsis spp.), symbionts actinomycetes (Pseudonocardia and Streptomyces spp.) and many other microbes with still unknown ecological functions. Among these, we highlight the fungi belonging to the genus Escovopsis, due to their ability to bring nests to death when infected. In spite of its potential to produce antimicrobial agents, until now there is no reports about the chemical mediators produced by Escovopsis that are involved in this ecological relationship. Thus, aiming to better understanding the chemical-ecology of Escovopsis spp., two species from this genus (E. microspora and E. weberi) were investigated on their metabolomics and chemical-ecology aspects. Through metabolomics studies, it was possible to isolate and identify several secondary metabolites such as anthraquinones, aza-anthraquinones, polyketides, diketopiperazines, terpene-indole alkaloid, among others. On the other hand, coculture experiments between E. weberi and L. gongylophorus led to the isolation and identification of two compounds (melinacidin IV and shearinine D) which are upregulated in the presence of the symbiont fungus. Despite the fact they don’t display antifungal activity against L. gongylophorus, these metabolites inhibit the growth of bacteria responsible for the nest protection (Pseudonocardia spp.). Therefore, these substances may play a role in the ecological war between the microorganisms living in the leaf-cutting ants fungal garden.
A matemática e o futebol: aprendendo matemática com as cobranças de pênaltis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-02)
Zola, Fausto Lombardo
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Caetano, Paulo Antônio Silvani
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0370219014539994
In this work, having as a guideline the football penalty kicks, is presented the idealization, the development, the application and the results analysis of a didactic sequence in order to teach and recover some mathematical concepts. As final product a penalty simulator in GeoGebra and five activity sheets were obtained, which were applied in two classes of the second year of high school in a private school in Bebedouro/SP.
Microplanejamento de estradas florestais por meio de geotecnologias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-02)
Américo, Carla
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Thiersch, Claudio Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8791966697254106
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Valente, Roberta Averna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1582627535733911
Forest roads, when are not well structured and allocated, can become potential sources of environmental impacts, mainly related to water dynamics and sediment production. The environmental analyses subsidize the land-use planning which contributes to the control of the undesirable geodynamic processes as the erosion. In this context, the study aimed at the definition of critical areas to forest roads allocation, considering relief, hydrography, and soil characteristics of a landscape (i.e. forest farm of study). We mapped these aspects, that supported the following criteria map generation: slope, erodibility, distance to the flow accumulation water, and aspect. Some criteria were aggregated through Weighted Linear Combination (WLC), a Multicriteria Method (MCE), producing the final map of critical areas to allocated roads, which had its accuracy verified by ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis. According to the mapping, the farm was classified in the following levels of criticality: 39,46% high, 29,68% average, 15,61% low, 10,90% very high, 4,14% very low, 0,14% extremely low, and 0,06% extremely high. Yet the roads currently located in the area were classified as the following criticality levels: 37,79% high; 21,78% average; 17,43% low, 15,23% very high; 6,97% very low, 0,43% extremely low, and 0,36% extremely high. The ROC analysis showed a statistically significant accuracy of the mapping, indicating that the criteria represented the critical characteristics of the landscape. We concluded that WLC method can be used in the forest road network planning, considering the critical aspects of the landscape, ensuring its soil and water conservation.
Impactos da mudança do uso e cobertura do solo na emissão de óxido nitroso e abundância de bactérias desnitrificantes no solo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-03)
Nishisaka, Caroline Sayuri
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Carmo, Janaina Braga do
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8627099224335903
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Navarrete, Acacio Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2264331242602494
Agriculture is responsible for 80% of nitrous oxide emissions on earth's atmosphere, the most potential greenhouse gas among the three main gases (CO2, CH4 and N2O). Citriculture and silviculture play an important role on Brazilian economics due to the high demand of orange and wood products for exportation. Thus, in order to get a better understand about the role of those cultures on N2O emission, this research aims to evaluate N2O emissions from Citrus sinensis and Eucalyptus spp. crops, adjacent forests of each agriculture field were used as control. Citrus and eucalyptus sites are located in Sorocaba and Salto de Pirapora municipality, both in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. In each agriculture field and adjacent forest, eight static chambers were randomly installed, and gas sample were collected during dry and wet region season. Soil samples were collected in each field of study from five random sampling points, for further physicochemical, molecular analysis and microcosm incubation. Gas samples were collected from microcosm after moisture adjustment in 70% of field capacity. All gas samples were analyzed by gas chromatography technique. The number of copies of genes related to denitrifying process (nirK, nirS e nosZ) was determined by quantitative real time PCR. Seasonality had significant (P<0.05) influence on N2O emission in field, and N2O fluxes in incubated soil. It was observed positive correlation among dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration on soil, soil and plant residue total carbon and nitrogen content and N2O emissions. High nirK, nirS and nosZ gene abundance was found on soil collected during wet season, comparing to those collected on dry season, in both field and microcosm, which was correlated with DOC content and soil moisture. However, there were not significant differences on genes abundance comparisons between cultivated soils and adjacent forests. In conclusion, the seasonality has influence in both N2O emission and denitrifying bacteria abundance present in citrus- and eucalyptus-cultivated soils, mainly through the effects on soil and plant residue physicochemical characteristics, especially those related to COD and soil moisture.
O uso de resíduo de construção civil como substituto de agregados naturais em concretos: avaliação de alguns parâmetros de durabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-03)
Nanya, Carolina Shimomura
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Capuzzo, Valdirene Maria Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9977729587548984
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Ferreira, Fernanda Giannotti da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329487394818763
The concern about the environmental impacts generated by the construction industry, which traditionally requires large quantities of raw materials and usually generate a large amount of waste, motivated the development of the Solid Waste National Policy that regulates and seek for sustainable solutions that can mitigate these effects. Additionally to this is the increased inspection of waste disposal and the interest of construction companies in reducing their costs, so the use of the recycled aggregate in the production of conventional concrete, appears as an alternative source of raw material. The research was developed with the objective of studying the influence of the use of recycled aggregates of construction and demolition waste in concrete submitted to different aggressive agents. The study presents the granulometric and physical characteristics of fine and coarse aggregates, being the recycled coarse aggregates were obtained from the process of recycling waste from the construction industry and collected at the provider Sand Beautiful View, located in Sobradinho, northern region of Brasília. After the characterization of the materials, the concrete test specimens were dosed by mass, with the substitution of the recycled aggregates in volume, in five replacement contents of the coarse recycled aggregate (0%, 30%, 50%, 70% e 100%). The water cement ratio considered was 0,55 and it was considered an additional amount of water obtained from tests of absorption with the recycled aggregate. In order to maintain the workability it was used superplasticizer additive. It was analyzed the following properties: compressive strength, diametric compression tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, absorption of water by capillarity, water absorption, voids index and specific mass, depth of ions chloride, carbonation and electrical resistivity. The results showed the feasibility of the use of the recycled coarse aggregate in the concrete production, considering the mechanical properties of the concretes, since it complies with the requirements specified in NBR 12655: 2015, and also the durability, since the results indicate low (CEB 192) and moderate (COST 509) risk of corrosion, and the depth of penetration of chloride ions as well as the carbonation did not exceed the concrete cover thickness. The substitution content of 30% of recycled aggregate presented better results from a mechanical and durability point of view and present to be the ideal replacement contend for the construction and demolition waste.
Alfabetização científica por meio da gastronomia molecular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-04)
Bernardo, Antonio Rogério
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Lupetti, Karina Omuro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198051111079064
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5791478260729953
Molecular gastronomy is the science that studies physical and chemical processes involved in Culinary, with the purpose of optimizing the preparation and use of food, as well as standardizing the outcome of recipes, as cooks/scientists can predict better results for their dishes based on scientific theories. Scientific literacy is the understanding of science and the ways that scientific knowledge can be handled in order to promote ethics, reflection and expansion of individual skills for daily application. In this work, molecular gastronomy helped introduce students to the scientific literacy process, both by bringing science closer to their reality and by approaching topics that are relevant for teaching several science branches, such as: fermentation, thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, solutions, molecular interactions etc. The molecular gastronomy experiences took place at the State School Orlando da Costa Telles in the town of Ibaté, State of São Paulo, with ten high school students, having the goal of analyzing their scientific literacy through molecular gastronomy and evaluating its efficiency. As a concrete result, a recipe book was prepared in the course of the experiences, containing all scientific conclusions discussed in the classes. This book is also availabe for use by teachers in future practical classes. By the end of this work, it could be observed that most of the students felt encouraged to participate actively and reflectively in the scientific practics and showed understanding of culinary processes, which suggests that they had acquired scientific literacy to the extent of comprehending individual and collective impacts caused by science and technology.
Pré-posicionamento e aquisição de suprimentos na cadeia humanitária brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-04)
Pérez, Andrés Felipe García
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Toso, Eli Angela Vitor
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6663631731115739
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Alem Junior, Douglas José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0744448264150067
In the Brazilian humanitarian chain, product flows from the private sector to victims of disasters are only allowed on the hypothesis that a bidding process with the public sphere was carried out. The proposal of this work is a mixed-integer linear programming approach, for the supply of aid in disaster areas via acquisition and / or pre-positioning, with the purpose of integrating location of deposits decisions and evaluating the trade-off between the aids bought before and after the disaster, from the agreements between suppliers and the Brazilian Civil Defense. Location of deposits is treated under a localization approach of maximum coverage with the time of attendance to the victims being a limiting factor. Beyond location of deposits, is also considered its size to be opened. There are considered restrictions of geographical and product fairness, for a fair distribution of a budget available, common in the governmental scope. Results shows the need to maintain strategic stocks in certain Brazilians states, guaranteeing time satisfaction in emergencies products according to the stablished parameters.
Reflexões sobre os verbos 'gustar' e 'gostar': expressão de sentimentos por chilenos e brasileiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-04)
Silva, Laís Denise Alexandre Marcolino da
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Yokota, Rosa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9230517686993400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6327030598320767
La proximidad entre lenguas puede llevar al uso inadecuado em lengua extranjera en contextos específicos, y generar fallos en la comunicación entre los interlocutores o hasta malentendidos. En el contexto brasileño, aprendices de español como lengua extranjera (E/LE) se deparan con tal situación, a causa de la 'transparencia engañosa', en las palabras de Kulikowski; González (1999), existente entre las lenguas portuguesa y española. La referida 'transparencia' puede ser observada de manera más específica en los verbos 'gostar' y 'gustar', objetos de estudio del presente trabajo.
Dinâmicas territoriais e os corredores verdes como modelos de estruturação espacial urbana: abordagens inter-relacionais na cidade de Araraquara-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-04)
Menzori, Ivan Damasco
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Falcoski, Luiz Antonio Nigro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3200660670856698
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5370542802488644
In Brazil, the appropriation of city by the urban-legal order is inserted in a scenario of recurring conflicts of interest. Practices of city production reveal experiences with economic interests strongly linked to the dynamics of urban growth. The establishment of this scenario favored the practices of capital reproduction through real estate speculation, in which urban sprawl provides new urbanized peripheries, which invade the greenbelts while reserving well-located, empty or underused urban voids, for the extraction of capital gains. Thus, new urbanized areas, even more distant, draw the boundaries for the urban territory and the reproduction of real estate capital, fragmenting the urban vegetation and compromising its environmental functions. In this theme and context, the intent of this research is associated to contributing to the knowledge of the territorial dynamics, with an integrated and transdisciplinary approach, in the ambit of the urban environmental planning of Araraquara city. The analyzes contemplated the urban environmental zoning of the 2005 Master Plan (PD) and its compact and sustainable city production strategies, as well as detailed analyzes of land use and land cover of urban green infrastructures represented by Ecological Integration Corridors (Ciecos), of the urban evolution of Araraquara, and the urban insertion of Special Areas of Social Interest (AEIS), in order to provide comparisons and diagnoses between the current situation of the aforementioned elements with the most up-to-date physical bases, representative of the most notable environmental vulnerabilities. The results indicate that since 2014, with the revocation followed by a review of the master plan, several areas of environmental control had their parameters changed, or suffered considerable reductions, turning irresolute the land use and land cover guidelines. Moreover, analyzes show expansionist strategies towards an extremely peripheral, environmentally vulnerable region characterized by gentrification and socio-spatial segregation through clusters of low-income social housing units, antagonizing the precepts of the City Statute. Regarding the Ciecos’ mapping, it was identified that 81.6% of the Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs) and 59.6% of Ciecos did not present characteristics of recent anthropic use. And the transdisciplinary analyzes on the territorial dynamics, focusing on the Ciecos as an open space system and green infrastructure, continued to show the current conjuncture of the territory within several fields of knowledge in Urban Engineering, listing the main socio-environmental weaknesses and threats of the urban context, as well as strengths and opportunities intrinsic to the Ciecos, that can incite a course correction as powerful agents of change and a source of progress in the urban life.
Modelos preditivos para LGD
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-04)
Silva, João Flávio Andrade
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Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2309570131364286
Financial institutions willing to use the advanced Internal Ratings Based (IRB) need to develop methods to estimate the LGD (Loss Given Default) risk component. Proposals for PD (Probability of default) modeling have been presented since the 1950s, in contrast, LGD’s forecast has received more attention only after the publication of the Basel II Accord. LGD also has a small literature, compared to PD, and there is no efficient method in terms of accuracy and interpretation such as logistic regression for PD. Regression models for LGD play a key role in the risk management of financial institutions, due to their importance this work proposes a methodology to quantify the LGD risk component. Considering the characteristics reported on the distribution of LGD and in the flexible form that the beta distribution may assume, we propose a methodology for estimation of LGD using the zero inflated bimodal beta regression model. We developed the zero inflated bimodal beta distribution, presented some properties, including moments, defined estimators via maximum likelihood and constructed the regression model for this probabilistic model, presented asymptotic confidence intervals and hypothesis test for this model, as well as selection criteria of models, we performed a simulation study to evaluate the performance of the maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of the zero inflated bimodal beta distribution. For comparison with our proposal we selected the beta regression models and inflated beta regression, which are more usual approaches, and the SVR algorithm, due to the significant superiority reported in other studies.
Vão-se os anéis, ficam os dedos: reconfiguração da elite empresarial brasileira pós financeirização econômica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-04)
Julian, Erica Ambiel
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Donadone, Julio César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643906508178259
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5243693744850673
In Brazil, the elite helped building policies. In order to get benefits for different sectors, the agents seek ways to get some power spaces, integrating influence spaces or occupying some strategic positions and chairs, such as councils, elected offices and class representation. This construction of specific policies for certain sectors is done with the direct or indirect help from the opinion of their most outstanding representatives. Understanding how elite influence the government actions is important to project the influence of the elite in the state political formation. In relation to the economic elite, it is possible to verify this assertion by observing the relation between the business people and the political groups. The entrepreneurs become relevant agents upon the national political thought, boosting the country’s directions, advising the governments that focus on development, creating discourses on behalf of economic interests. By analysing how they act in the political scenario, it is possible to perceive that the action is adapted to the context, distinguishing the ways of operating the relations between political and economic spaces according to the temporary cut. Therefore, it is possible to see that, almost in an instinctive form, the economic elite, or business people, use different entries to the political environment to defend their interests. In this work, we will explore how the economic elite have access to the political elite or to the entries to the political field. Gerdau is a one-hundred-year familiar company that, after the financialization of its operations and a bigger internationalization, has suffered organizational changes that have resulted in a significantly changing in its management staff. Gerdau has one of the most recognized representatives of the corporate class in the country, Jorge Gerdau Johannpeter, who takes part in the organization evolution and has already been director and president and, currently, is an advisor to the Group. In observing his biography, it is possible to understand that the agent's form of action, coming from the economic elite that transfers capital to the political field, is modified according to the institutional changes that politics imposes on the nation state. This conclusion was obtained after the data collection, found through the media collection made available by the Brazilian Digital Library (Hemeroteca Digital Brasileira da FundaçãoBiblioteca Nacional) and other sources.
Subsídios para o Programa de Monitoramento e Gestão do Uso Público do Parque Natural Morro do Osso, Porto Alegre, RS.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-07)
Nascimento, Cristina Alves
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Canto-Silva, Celson Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0403780115544325
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Toppa, Rogério Hartung
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0673898572494729
The Morro do Osso Natural Park is a Conservation Unit located in the middle of the intense urbanization of Porto Alegre, capital of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The area is rich in conserved environments and of fundamental importance for the native flora and fauna, being open to visitation. However, there are no studies dealing with the impacts that this current and past use causes on the trails. Considering this, this study aimed to generate subsidies for the elaboration of the Public Use Monitoring and Management Program of the area, with the specific objectives of characterizing the visitor profile and the visitors of its Environmental Education Trail and evaluating impact indicators of public use in the their trails. Were analyzed the Park Service records, between 2006 and 2015, and applied 125 questionnaires, between June 2015 and May 2016. he area has seen a significant increase in the number of visitors scheduled in the last decade, ranging from 693 in 2006 to 2,114 in 2015. The main category of visitors was educational institutions, predominantly of fundamental level and public. The visitors are mostly female and under 15 years old, being characterized as elementary school students. They live in Porto Alegre, but they visit the area for the first time, usually with their educational institution, the main source of publicity of the Park. Cultural and educational activities are the most practiced, evidencing the link of the actions developed in the trail with the formal Environmental Education. In addition, between June 2015 and June 2016, the determination initial monitoring and evaluation of effectiveness of use of four indicators in the Park: solid residues, trail width, visible erosion and unofficial trails. The solid residues, visible erosion and unofficial trails indicators presented low standards on both trails. The trail width was normal on the Fonte Trail and big on the Eixo Central Trail. No indicators were corrected by the number of visitors. The trail width and visible erosion indicators sented correlation with climatic factors. It was therefore concluded that possibly the public use of the Park is not generating significant impacts on its trails, so that the conservation of the environment is being maintained through the resilience capacity of the ecosystem itself. It is suggested that the impacts monitoring used in this study be maintained, being the survey presented here defined as the initial monitoring of the Monitoring and Public Use Program of the Morro do Osso Natural Park.. The visitation management proved to be a good example at the national level, given the existence of detailed historical data, an interpretative interpretive script and management actions to mitigate negative impacts. However, the need to characterize the profile and perceptions of visitors of whole Park, important to understand the potentialities and problems of the area. It is suggested that the impacts monitoring used in this study be maintained, being the survey presented here defined as the initial monitoring of the Monitoring and Public Use Program of the Morro do Osso Natural Park. Thus, these results will serve as subsidies for future actions of public use of the Park.
Impactos causados às populações do Bairro da Serra, Iporanga e Apiaí devido ao fechamento das cavernas turísticas do PETAR (2008) na visão dos stakeholders
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-07)
Borsanelli, Francesca Antoniella
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Neiman, Zysman
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6435341856481082
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Lobo, Heros Augusto Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9405961078398915
Since the 1960s, the Upper Ribeira State Tourist Park - PETAR - receives visitation in its caves. However, the combination of factors, such as the delicate environment, fragile management and vulnerable security culminated in a civil action, which embargoed the visitation in the tourist caves of the Park, between February and April 2008. After these 2 months, it was resumed. In this scenario, the present work presents the results of a research on the closure of the tourist caves of PETAR, based on the analysis of the content of the stakeholders' opinions. Its main objective was to identify the positive and negative impacts caused to surrounding communities brought by the closure. It also investigates changes in tourist flow and visitor profile, as well as possible improvements in the park's public use, after 2008.The results show that the most relevant positive impacts were greater public use planning, more safety for the visitor and more effectiveness in environmental conservation. The most comprehensive negative impacts were the financial losses, which affected, mainly, the community of the bairro da Serra; and also the emergence of a market reserve, which monopolizes local tourism development, concentrating the gains on the hand of few people. The tourist flow has grown considerably since 2015 and there have been changes in the visitor profile. It was concluded that there are two streams of views on the organization of public use in PETAR after 2008. Some of the stakeholders argued that is more organized and on the other hand, others argue that it is less organized. This relates more to the season when the tour was held, low season or extended holidays. The surrounding community apparently overcame the caves ban and came back to believing in tourism. The best alternative to the surrounding community is currently investing in new attractions outside the park, in order to vent the tourism in the long holidays also decoupling tourism in the region, especially the Park. In addition, it is concluded that the implementation of Speleological Management Plans may be among the measures that would avoid or mitigate much of the negative impacts felt since 2008.
Processo de Produção de Ilustração Biológica para Conservação de Megaxenarthra: Myrmecophaga tridactyla (Linneaus, 1758) e Priodontes maximus (Kerr, 1792)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-07)
Busana, Pedro Rodrigues
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Desbiez, Arnaud Léonard Jean
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1343726040328032
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Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950
Biological illustration is a tool of graphic representation of phenomena and components of the Biological Sciencesthat is considered to be part of scientific illustration. In addition to its already well-known use in taxonomy, paleontology and medical sciensces, it can be applied in the elaboration of materials for scientific dissemination and environmental education, being an important ally for conservation biology. This work aimed to answer the question "how can illustration help endangered species?", using as a model Myrmecophaga tridactyla (Linnaeus, 1758) and Priodontes maximus (Kerr, 1792), both considered vulnerable species according to the IUCN. Asurvey gathering reference material for each species (photographs, illustrations and videos) was initially carried out. Animals were also observed at zoos, breeding grounds and at their natural environment). Andsemi-structured interviews with specialists in each species(biologists, veterinarians, zootechnicians and keepers) was also used to collect data. The valuation of the opinions of different professionals directed the content to be illustrated critically, focusing on issues related to habitat loss, unique morphology representation and description of the behavioral aspects related to both parental care and self-maintenance. The drawings were made using realistic techniqueswith bothpencil on paper and digital painting, aiming at the general public as the target audience. In the future these drawings will be made available to the institutions participating in this study and used on books, signs and other didactic materials to be usedin environmental education and conservation of the species portrayed. The use of interviews and direct observations to guide illustration based science communication proved to be decisive in creatinga contemplative link of the researcher with its organisms of study, avoiding distortions of the speech or of the nature of the animals.We hope with this to shorten the gap between the knowledge produced by the scientific community and the society in general and to enhance the participation of scientific illustrations in conservation biology.
Hidrogéis magneto-reponsivos para liberação estimulada de fármacos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-08)
Bortolin, Adriel
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Oliveira, Cauê Ribeiro de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5321313558714462
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6389000762427080
Nanocomposite hydrogels modified with polysaccharides, minerals clay and magnetic nanoparticles of iron oxide functionalized with polymeric material were developed, allowing higher interaction between the nanoparticles and the hydrogel matrix. The nanocomposites were synthesized with small amounts of magnetic nanoparticles (0.5 - 2.0% w/w) and in all proportions magnetic properties were observed, as visibly by interaction with a magnet and experimentally through VSM analysis. The materials were subjected to several characterizations applying constant magnetic field of 0.23 Tesla. The magnetic field influenced directly all the properties of the nanocomposite materials, increasing the rate of water absorption and release of the active principle present in the structure (streptomycin), up to 5 times faster than the active material without application of magnetic field. Release tests on bacterial cultures also showed the bactericidal efficiency of the hydrogels loaded with streptomycin, where with the application of the magnetic field there was an average increase of 16.4 % in the inhibition radius of the bacteria studied. The release mechanism for hydrogels follows a pseudo-2nd order model, indicating the interaction between the active and specific sites of the hydrogel, and rearrangements may occur in the release mechanism. Magnetic hydrogels presented a pulsatile release behavior with the application of the field whose intensity was directly related to the concentration of nanoparticles used in the synthesis of hydrogels. Thus, the obtained hydrogels present characteristics that make possible the application in responsive systems of drugs release.
Corpo e espírito: representações da homossexualidade no espiritismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-05-09)
Guimarães, Fernando Augusto de Souza
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Souza, André Ricardo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7016915324466152
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9081757614929729
The aim of this research was analyzed the way which spiritist theory, by the belief in reincarnation and immortality of the spirit, explain a sexual diversity. The analysis took by goal the specificity which the homosexuality is understood. Therefore, it was compared the representations on the homosexuality in two dimensions of the spiritism: institutional level and the religious base. The consideration on institutional dimension it was from some literary works concerned with this topic and, mainly, at the discourse of Andrei Moreira, ex-president of the Associação Médico-Espírita de Minas Gerais (AME-MG), in his book: A homossexualidade sob a ótica do espírito imortal. Subsequently, the research became turned to the way which members of two spiritist centers in the state of São Paulo, Centro Espírita Amor e Caridade e Centro Espírita Casa do Caminho, precisely in the cities of Bauru and São Carlos, deal with the question about sexuality. Starting from the hypothesis of great majority of brasilians, incluing spiritists, aren’t receptive to individuals LGBT (lesbians, gays, bisexuals and transgenders), this research has as its core the approach the contrast between the acceptance discourse in the institutional level which the limited degree of real acceptance of this sexualities in the context of the interior state of São Paulo. Based on the foundations of Michel Foucault and the proposals of queer studies, were taken as a basis of spiritist discourse about sexuality, further then Andrei Moreira’s book, the following ones: Homossexualidade, reencarnação e vida mental by Walter Barcelos; Vida e Sexo by Francisco Cândido Xavier saying by Emanuel spirit and Além do azul e do rosa – recortes terapêuticos sobre a homossexualidade à luz da doutrina espírita, wrote by Gibson Bastos and Sexo e Consciência, wrote by Divaldo Franco, Encontro com a paz e a saúde e Constelação familiar, by Divaldo Franco saying by Joanna Ângelis spirit, and last Sexo e sexualidade de Regis de Moraes. After that, semi-structured interviews were conduct with some national and international spiritist leaders. This data were cross-referenced with the results through semi-structured interviews with representatives of both centers with data collected in field work. Finally, in terms of conclusion, this work introduce the way which the believes in reincarnation and immortality of spirit enable the comprehension of homosexuality as natural and normal, in addition it was possible contribute which a greater understanding of the dynamics of functioning of the spiritist movement