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Cadeias estocásticas de memória ilimitada com aplicação na neurociência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-21) Ferreira, Ricardo Felipe; Gallo, Alexsandro Giacomo Grimbert; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4037274656833325; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2355076087945221
Stochastic chains with unbounded memory are a natural generalization of Markov chains, in the sense that the transition probabilities may depend on the whole past. These process, introduced independently by Onicescu and Mihoc in 1935 and Doeblin and Fortet in 1937, have been receiving increasing attention in the probabilistic literature, because they form a class richer than the Markov chains and have practical capabilities modelling of scientific data in several areas, from biology to linguistics. In this work, we use them to model interactions between spike trains. Our main goal is to develop new mathematical results about stochastic chains with unbounded memory. First, we study conditions that guarantee the existence and uniqueness of stationary chains compatible with a discontinuous family of transition probabilities. Then, we address the understanding of the phenomenology of spike trains and we propose to use directed information to quantify the information flow from one neuron to another. In this occasion, we fix concentration bounds for directed information estimation.
“Como é no seu país?” Estudo autoetnográfico de uma prática pedagógica em Português Língua de Acolhimento para mulheres migrantes no Brasil: implicações para a formação de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-21) Bottura, Eleonora Bambozzi; Paula, Sandra Regina Buttros Gattolin de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9228036521343293; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7573267318068355
This doctoral thesis consists of an autoethnographic doing and writing of my lived experiences as a teacher of Portuguese Welcoming Language (PWLg) in an exclusive course for vulnerable immigrant and refugee women in Brazil. The choice for the methodological approach derives from the inevitable and necessary outcome of my practice as a teacher and researcher. Teaching PWLg is linked directly to the context of contemporary migrations and it is constituted by strong social, humanitarian and political functions, aiming at the integration of migrants in Brazilian society. The complexity of the context when it comes to its didactic-pedagogical field relying on transformative practices and social justice; and the need for investigating teachers Education and practice require an autoethnographic perspective. The approximation of PWLg to autoethnography is developed along the whole thesis. PWLg is presented, as well as the discussions about migrant women and their higher vulnerability that strongly influences the learning process, therefore, their integration in society. Emotions emerging from the relation students-teacher and its relation to autoethnography itself are also articulated. Thus, I search for addressing teaching locality and contingency through wider lenses for doing research. The bond with subjectivity is enhanced, by exposing subject/object of research, recognizing and auto investigating my own pedagogical practice and its possible implications for Teachers Education critically. In this sense, data are discussed and presented, thereby the unveiling of dilemmas, frustrations and emotions that contributed for generating high tension as I engaged weekly in the encounters with participants. The tension turning point has given me some reorientations for practice and research in PWLg, thus, transforming them. There are compelling evidences for discussion of interculturality and identities. From the data it is possible to discuss the possibility of an intersectional perspective for helping teachers addressing and dealing with categories of gender and race in their teaching practices. Also, it seems to be paramount for the teachers to be aware of the reasons why migrant women are more vulnerable and to rethink teachers’ practices and education when it comes to gender. Emotions seem to reveal an enriching path for comprehending a more sensitivity to context, aligned to the emotional dimension already considered by PWLg concept. Finally, I defend the implications for teachers’ education considering the teacher as a researcher, moved by affect and availability for critical self-interrogation and more sensible to contexts needs. I expect that this thesis sensitizes teacher for the idiosyncrasies involved in teaching-learning PWLg, which can cause serious dizziness, disestablishing fundamental issues of their professional identities. I also desire that this study may represent one of the possibilities for exploring autoethnography potentialities, by contributing to its productions and meanings in the field of Applied Linguistics in Brazil.