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Enhancing solar flare forecasting: a multi-class and multi-label classification approach to handle imbalanced time series
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-21)
Discola Junior, Sérgio Luisir
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Fernandes, Marcio Merino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7278634019537967
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2273792806455594
Solar flares are huge releases of energy from the Sun. They are categorized in five levels according to their potential damage to Earth (A, B, C, M, and X) and may produce strong impacts to communication systems, threatening human activities dependent on satellites and GPS. Therefore, predicting it in advance may reduce their negative impacts. However, solar flare forecasting has significant challenges: (a) the sequence of data influences the phenomena and should be tracked; (b) the features and intervals that cause and influence the phenomena are not defined; (c) the forecasting should be performed in an affordable time; (d) the data is highly imbalanced, (e) adjacent classes are sometimes difficult to distinguish, (f) the majority approaches perform binary forecasting (aggregating solar flare classes), instead of multi-class, as actually required. This work proposed a method that tackles these challenges simultaneously, being different from previous works, which tend to handle a challenge per time. First, we aimed to forecast the X-ray levels expected for the next few days. We proposed the SeMiner method that allows the labels prediction given past observations. SeMiner processes X-ray time series into sequences employing the new Series-to-Sequence (SS) al- gorithm through a sliding window approach configured by a domain specialist. This method allows to consider the sequence of instances in the mining process, handling challenge (a). Next, feature selection is employed in order to determine which interval of data in the time series, most influences the forecasting process, handling challenge (b). Then, the processed sequences are submitted to a traditional classifier to generate a model that predicts future X-ray levels. SeMiner reached 73% of accuracy for a 2-day forecast, 71% and 79%, respec- tively for True Positive and True Negative Rates. Second, we parallelized SS to increase its performance, in order to tackle issue (c), by implementing it in CUDA platform. This implementation allowed a speedup of 4.36 in its time processing due to the distribution of the processing among the GPUs (Graphics Processing Unit). Third, we improved SeMiner to tackle the remaining challenges by developing a new method called Ensemble of classifiers for imbalanced datasets (ECID). For each solar flare class, ECID employs a stratified random sampling for training binary-class base inducers, strength- ening their sensitivity to a given class in a very imbalanced scenario, which tackled issue (d). Using a modified bootstrap approach, an aggregation method combines the inducers results, enabling a multi-class and multi-label forecasting and thus, handling the issue of adjacent classes (challenge (e)). The results showed that ECID is well-suited for forecasting solar flares, achieving a maximum mean of True Positive Rate (TPR) of 91% and a Precision of 97%, in a time horizon of one day.
Análise da demanda de vagas de estacionamento na Universidade Federal de São Carlos - Campus São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-24)
Krauser, Guilherme de Almeida
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Hirosue, Fernando Hideki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4091598921285700
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8848491611175375
The demand for parking spaces at the Federal University of São Carlos increases year after year with the inclusion of an increasing number of courses and students enrolled in on-site undergraduate and graduate programs. The analysis of this demand can be done considering the UFSCar campus as a Travel Generator Hub, since, based on that, it is possible to characterize the types of trips attracted to this establishment. This enables the use of methods (such as the CET (1983) or the ITE (2008)) that specifically preach about travel demand in higher education institutions. Still looking at the current situation of vacancies offered on campus, a study is needed to determine if they, in general, meet specifications dictated by transit agencies in Brazil. This study is also related to the arrangement of parking spaces. Vehicles parked on the São Carlos campus were counted on five different dates to define the critical demand and, in a later stage, the value obtained was compared with the number of spaces that the Nunes Method (2005) dictates to be necessary. The current deficit is approximately one thousand vacancies, showing that now and in a ten-year horizon, the demand will not be met. A comparison was also made with other existing methods: that of CET (1983) has the number of spaces met, while those of DENATRAN (2001) and São Carlos (2011) do not.
"Nós fizemos uma eleição...": regularidades e rememorações de erros pela lente da Rede Globo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-24)
Fabbri Junior, Duílio
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Sargentini, Vanice Maria Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1406919572611392
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7077279316581959
This thesis brings as an analytical gesture a look at the errors and regularities of the discourse of Rede Globo, one of the largest communication media in the world. The corpus of analysis is the commemorative series for the 50 years of the broadcasting, exhibited in the Jornal Nacional in April 2015, with extension to the site Memória Globo. The general objectives were to investigate how the errors in coverage in the area of politics were constituted during the series' placement, as well as to identify and problematize the discursive characteristics of remembrance, celebration and memory in the official history constructed by the broadcaster. We sought to outline the discursive processes that support supposed apologies for two facts: the coverage of the manifestation by Diretas Já in 1984 and the edition of the debate between Fernando Collor de Melo and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, in 1989. In search of regularities and dispersions, the discourses of the Rede Globo about the error in on-line and off-line platforms were investigated. Such approaches were compared with coverage of the broadcaster in 2018, during the national majority elections. The theoretical-methodological body is Discourse Analysis, based on the discursive order of Michel Foucault, in dialogue with Michel Pêcheux and Franco-Brazilian authors. The analysis showed that Rede Globo uses the same strategies in the past and the present, tough with different effects, depending on the conditions of production and the material supports, repeating ways to excuse errors, considering the political and social effects of its performance and discourses put into circulation.
Programa EAD "Vida Independente" para familiares de jovens e adultos com deficiência intelectual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-24)
Zutião, Patricia
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Almeida, Maria Amélia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0316944549621648
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0128895328177900
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the online program "Independent Life", which was implemented with families of young people and adults with intellectual disabilities. 10 relatives and their children / relatives, young people / adults with intellectual disabilities aged 17 to 39 years participated in the program. The program was offered in the Distance Learning modality, had national coverage (at least one participant from each geographic region) and had theoretical and practical activities, in which, in addition the discussing of relevant topics, family members planned and implemented teaching of an adaptive activity for young people / adults with intellectual disabilities. Six instruments were used to collect data: initial questionnaire; Support Intensity Scale; Learning Record Protocol; Protocol for the Evaluation of Skills Taught to Youth / Adults with Intellectual Disabilities; Follow-up questionnaire e; Social Validity Questionnaire. The data were analyzed in a qualitative and quantitative way, considering the performance of relatives in the Independent Living Program; performance of young people with ID; and Social Validity of the Study. The data demonstrate that the program was effective in teaching and learning family members of young people / adults with Intellectual Disabilities. Family members demonstrated upward performance in theoretical activities and, in practices, it can be seen that, through the concepts learned, they modified their attitudes and forms of teaching towards their children / family members with intellectual disabilities, providing support only when necessary, which resulted in increasing independence, and consequently decreasing the intensity of support. Such skills learned by young people / adults with intellectual disabilities can help their independence in carrying out other activities of the same or other areas of those that were taught during the program. In general, family members were satisfied with the program and highlighted its importance in their lives and that of their families. Such skills learned by young people / adults with intellectual disabilities can help their independence in carrying out other activities in the same or other areas of those that were taught during the program. In general, family members were satisfied with the program and highlighted its importance in their lives and for their family. It is considered that more programs like this, planned for family members of young people and adults with intellectual disabilities, should be proposed, in order to assist them in the way of teaching, among other things.
Identificação automática de equivalência de conceitos em diferentes idiomas para aprendizado sem fim
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-24)
Marino, Silvio Carlos
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Hruschka Júnior, Estevam Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2097340857065853
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5788922136217687
Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to a machine capable of systematizing and automating tasks that require intelligence when performed by humans. With AI it may be possible to create a decision-making process with an ever-smaller margin of error. In this sense, the project Read the Web and an endless learning computing system called NELL (Never- Ending Language Learning) were created. NELL performs an endless learning process to learn how to read the web better and better. With the success of obtaining knowledge in English, the system was modeled to learn how to extract facts from web pages in other languages, such as Portuguese, French and Spanish. However, the knowledge learned in the different languages is not directly related. Therefore, the main motivation of the research is to develop a mechanism capable of transferring knowledge from one base to another, using machine learning to automatically tell if concepts learned in different languages are the same. The results of the experiments, with the use of neural networks, C4.5 and XGBoost as a model of machine learning, show a significant gain in comparison with the simple use of dictionaries.
O elogio do logos em Gorgias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-25)
Simoni, Luca dos Santos
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Galgano, Nicola Stefano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0264905850746909
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Souza, Eliane Christina de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5658382257368048
This work aims to discuss how, by an articulation between tree essays of Górgias, "On Nature", "Encomium of Helen" and "Defense of Palamedes", we can see logos as a central but even so problematic concept meaning, depending on the circumstances, "Speech\ lenguage" and "word". From the tree thesis enunciated on the essay "On Nature" we will try to show how the gorgian concept of logos can allow us to build an immage of lenguage wich,having a relativistic pattern, is unable to say the being of things: its dominium isn't the one of the knowledge of the Thruth but the one of the human relations giving priority on the action of the speech on the subjectivity of the ones who are listening, aiming create a belief through persuation. The central paragraphs of the Helena fit in this speculative cenario, when Gorgias shows logos as an instrument of persuation and ilusion by the fact of doxa being the only intelectual instance reachable by the man .
O impacto da invasão por Hedychium coronarium J. König (Zingiberaceae) em áreas ripárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-25)
Zanatta, Mariane Patrezi
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Boschi, Raquel Stucchi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5774095142035730
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Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138
Riparian environments are increasingly being modified by human activities and this causes changes in vegetation dynamics. Native species are being replaced by exotic and invasive ones. Impacts of plant invasions in these environments include changes in ecosystem processes, organic matter entry, nutrient cycling, microbial communities, decomposition, and soil attributes. We evaluated the impact of Hedychium coronarium on litter biomass production, nutrient cycling and decomposition in invaded and noninvaded areas. In addition, we have looked at general trends in research on plant invasions in riparian environments in last decades. The one-year study in two distinct riparian environments showed that litter production does not differ between invaded and non-invaded areas. Moreover, this production is not uniform throughout the year, and there is an increase in the dry season. The impact of H. coronarium invasion on litter and soil nutrients depends on the ecological context of the environment and soil attributes, mainly the texture; in nitrogen-poor soils with a sandy clay loam texture, H. coronarium appears to increase the total N concentration in the soil. In the decomposition, our results showed a significant effect of the environmental treatment (non-invaded area) and the interaction between the seasonal treatment and the type of detritus (higher decomposition in dry season with vegetal species and dry season with mixed detritus too). We also found a higher amount of organic matter (OM) in the non-invaded area. In addition, studies with invasion in riparian environments are recent, this topic had an increase in a number of publications only in 2007. We conclude that to better understand the invasion of H. coronarium in riparian environments it is necessary to consider the species in each context and environment of invasion; besides the importance of studying the soil in these types of studies.
Processo integrado de eletrocoagulação e cultivo mixotrófico de Desmodesmus subspicatus em vinhaça de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-25)
Saavedra, Mauricio Daniel Montaño
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Concha, Viktor Oswaldo Cárdenas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0661599261187131
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Bastos, Reinaldo Gaspar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9329363278429665
Brazil is the largest sugarcane ethanol biofuel producer of the world. The productive process generates a considerable quantity of vinasse, its main wastewater. Therefore, the vinasse disposal is one of the major challenges involved in the ethanol production. Although fertirrigation is permitted by environmental legislation, such volume is limited and the remaining vinasse needs to be treated for its disposal into the environment. Microalgae cultivation has been considered a promising vinasse treatment, because its biomass could be an interesting source of valuable bioproducts. However, due to the physicochemical characteristics of vinasse (high turbidity and acid pH), it would be advantageous to perform a pretreatment process in order to adequate the effluent as a culture medium and to allow better light incidence in it. By this way, the objective of the research was to evaluate the integrated process of electrocoagulation with subsequent Desmodesmus subspicatus microalgae mixotrophic culture in sugarcane vinasse. For this purpose, several electrocoagulation experiments were carried out with raw vinasse in a laboratory electrolytic reactor, evaluating the influence of the electrode material (aluminum or iron), spacing between plates (1-3 cm), current density (2.2-20.0 mA cm-2), agitation (0-680 rpm) and sludge separation method (sedimentation or filtration). The electrocoagulation results indicated high turbidity removal and pH adequation, from initially acid vinasse (vinasse pH ≈ 4) to values up to standard BG11 medium (BG11 pH ≈ 7.4) in all experimental conditions, which allowed direct culture of D. subspicatus without any additional treatment. At optimized conditions (aluminum electrodes spaced 1 cm, 6.1 mA cm-2 and 430 rpm) and using filtration for sludge separation, it was obtained 99.8, 40.3 and 55.5 turbidity, total organic carbon and total nitrogen removal. It was dosed dosage of 1.6 g L-1 of Al+3 by the electrolysis, which represented an electric consumption of 8.0 kWh m-3 and a process cost of R$ 14.10 m-3. The cultivation of D. subspicatus in the pre-treated vinasse showed better results using aluminum electrodes in relation to iron. The vinasse clarification achieved by the electrocoagulation process potentiated the microalga growth, achieving a higher productivity in mixotrophic cultivation (10.0 x106 cell mL-1 day-1) than heterotrophic cultivation (3.5 x106 cell mL-1 day-1). The total organic carbon and total nitrogen removal reached by the integrated process was 69.6 and 80.9%, respectively. The biomass characterization showed a lipid and protein content of 8.6 and 25.3%, respectively. It was obtained high lipid and protein productivities (75.3 and 208.2 mg L-1 day-1, respectively). Therefore, it was concluded that the integrated electrocoagulation process with subsequent D. subspicatus mixotrophic cultivation in sugarcane vinasse was technically feasible and would allow microalgae biomass, lipids and proteins production, and simultaneously, vinasse treatment.
Contribuição para determinação do módulo de deformação à compressão de aparelhos de apoio elastoméricos simples
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-25)
Merlos, Renata Soares
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Ferreira, Marcelo de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4199122391532470
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2768059855317468
The elastomers, also known as neoprene, have been widely used in the precast concrete constructions in Brazil, due to its good performance in connections subjected to compression. Thus elastomeric bearing pads are the most commonly used today, their behavior on compressed elements is complex. This complexity of behavior derives mainly from the difference in the properties of the elastomer relative to other commonly used materials and from the variation of stresses and deformations of the elastomers as the compression stresses are increased. In this sense, this study aimed to characterize, through an experimental program, the behavior to the simple compression of the plain elastomeric bearing pads, through the experimental determination of the tangent compression modulus of deformation (modulus of elasticity) and the compression stiffness of these elements. Through the experimental program proposed in this study, as well as the analysis of the tests results, it was confirmed that the calibration of the equation established by NBR 9062: 2017 was satisfactory to evaluate the deformability of the plain elastomeric bearing pads. Furthermore, the tests can be used to verify the conformity of the shear modulus values obtained experimentally, relative to the values indicative of correspondence with the Shore A hardness and, therefore, the quality control of the elastomer. Also, it was possible to adequacy a procedure that could be reproduced with simple equipment, that is, hydraulic actuator with constant force application. Finally, it was found that the higher the speed of application of the load in the test, the greater the rigidity obtained for a plain elastomeric bearing pad.
Reconhecendo a geometria espacial: uma proposta de ensino a partir de atividades contextualizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-25)
Moraes, Lucas Garcia de
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Noel Filho, Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5234064498436000
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4307145163578435
The inspiration for this work comes from the observation in the difficulties of the majority of the students of the CEEJA in finding the literal sense of the study of the spatial geometry. In order to contribute to the development of the necessary skills to better understand the geometric concepts, we restructure a workshop a workshop related to the theme, giving it a new focus and searching through it, analyze the development of the participating students with the intent to respond the following question: do the practical activities bring significant results in the Youth and Adult Education of the CEEJA? All the elaboration of this work was carried out in agreement with the PCN, the resolution SE 75/2018 that regulates on the organization of the EJA courses, in the State Centers of Education of Youths and Adults, besides the internal rules of the CEEJA - Votorantim, place where all this happened. We carried out a survey on the profile of the students enrolled, as well as an analysis of the work already done in the place. The research on the profile of the students was carried out during the year of 208 in the act of enrollment of each one of them and the group that integrated the workshop was formed by students who registered by their own will, all the way when we arrived at the mark of 32 enrolled, we closed the inscriptions so that a very large group did not form, since this could hinder our analysis. The data collection was according to the devolution of the requested tasks to the students and we ended up making a comparison with the final results obtained by these students with the results of another group of students who did not participate in the workshop.
Estrutura e interpretação de situações-problema em matemática: uma análise baseada na semântica formal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-25)
Agostini, Tainara Duro
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Conde, Dirceu Cleber
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2630773088169073
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5722724183192283
This dissertation investigates the difficulty of interpreting mathematical story problems, considering the semantic relations established between the natural language in statements and the meaning in the mathematical language. The research was divided into two moments: firstly it has been a contact with four students of the junior school in order to understand how they have interpreted and how they related the meaning and reference in situations considered as simpler; secondly it has been the analysis of six story problem of three differentiated junior school years books with the thematic percentage. In this way, we had investigated the difficulties that occasionally arise in the interpretation of the statements of story problems, since the solution requires a logical-formal thought constitutive of the mathematical language. In order to avoid common sense, we have searched to understand and to analyze the various linguistic and structural reasons and aspects, which cause challenges, as well as competent individuals in mother tongue and mathematics. In addition, we had noticed that there was remarkable importance in the construction and form of the commands, sometimes composed by questions and others by imperative sentences, since they are always in search of a fulfillment to his x. Thus, some linguistic phenomena students can deal with in the wrong way, such as synonymy, paraphrase and logical entailment, have been worked on and can also be used in the interpretative process of the utterance. The analysis was based, firstly, on the questionnaire applied to some students, so that later it was possible to examine the statements of textbooks with a closer look.
O Superior Tribunal de Justiça em três atos: a política e os discursos na preparação, criação e consolidação da corte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-26)
Policarpo, Douglas
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Noronha, Eduardo Garuti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6908348693613769
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4331316213054804
This research analyzes the construction of political discourses that involved the creation of the Superior Court of Justice [Superior Tribunal de Justiça – STJ]. The analysis takes place on the last three major moments of judicial reform, that is, during the political clashes that occurred at the time of the Constitutional Amendment nº 7 of 1977, during the National Constituent Assembly of 1987-88 and, finally, in the 1992 to 2004, the year in which the constitutional amendment nº 45 was promulgated. The historical evolution of the federal justice system and the Federal Supreme Court in the periods prior to the origin of the Superior Court of Justice in 1988, in order to study as did the elaboration of the ideational discourses of these actors with the other powers of the Republic and in the political struggles prior to the completion of the reforms. In continuation, and already constituted the STJ, it examines how this Court and its ministers used the ideational constructions to occupy and gain spaces of power next to the own members of the judiciary and in the debates with the other actors, seeking a greater legitimacy and importance in the national scenario. From the analysis of shorthand notes, primary documents and interviews, the research concluded that historically the political demands moderated the Judiciary to the wills and articulations of the other powers, especially to the Executive. Since the ideational or discursive constructions, over time, specifically protected the interests of the Supreme Court, when structural and organizational changes engendered at the 1987-88 Constitutional Assembly. This political game made possible the creation of the Superior Court of Justice [STJ], which took over much of the attributions and influence of the Supreme Court and launched a new actor who was much more attentive to political issues and articulated in the occupation of spaces and influence with the other powers and the society. Finally, it was also noted that although the efforts of the members of the STJ to obtain political gains they have not been able to undertake the institutional changes towards its most notorious respectability and importance as court responsible for the last word in the interpretation in the infraconstitutional law.
Desempenho de lima ácida Tahiti sobre diferentes porta-enxertos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-26)
Bettini, Bruna Aparecida
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Cristofani-Yaly, Mariângela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7829946393687571
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Schinor, Evandro Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2162760988837984
The Tahiti acid lime, popularly known in Brazil as Tahiti acid lime, is one of the most produced fruits in the state of São Paulo, with the northwest region as the main producer pole. However, there are many losses due to the large number of diseases and pests. To reduce these losses, the genetic variability of rootstocks in the market is of extreme importance. The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of the Tahiti acid lime in different rootstocks. The experiment was conducted at the Paulista Agency of Technology of Agribusiness, located in the municipality of Pindorama, São Paulo, Brazil, in March 2013, with spacing of 7.0 m x 4.0 m, in a randomized block with three replicates and one plant per plot. The vegetative development, plant phenology and production, physicochemical characteristics of fruits, post-harvest fruit durability, canopy/rootstock compatibility, drought tolerance, detection of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), causal agent of Huanglongbing (HLB), were evaluated in a Tahiti acid lime (IAC-5), grafted on thirteen citrandarins, hybrids of Sunki mandarin x Poncirus trifoliate (H), Rangpur lime Citrus limonia (L.) Osbeck (RL), Poncirus trifoliata Flying Dragon (FD) and Sunki mandarin (SM). The rootstocks H14, H47, H135, H152, FD and SM induced the smallest size in plants of Tahiti acid lime, while the rootstocks H5, H10, H42, H70, H73, H121, H145, H150, H173 and RL a larger size. Consequently, the ones that induced smaller size to Tahiti acid lime scion were the most susceptible to the water deficit. The rootstocks H10 and H121 provided higher productivity of Tahiti acid lime fruit, being similar to the RL, but when we consider the adjusted spacing, besides these mentioned rootstocks, the rootstocks H70, H73, H150, H5, H152 and H42showed also good productivity. For the phenology, rootstocks induced fruits precociously and belatedly. In the physico-chemical evaluation, there was only statistical difference for the total soluble solids and ratio, where rootstocks H14, FD and SM were the ones that provided higher total soluble solids content to Tahiti acidic fruit and H173 the highest value of ratio. For post-harvest durability the Tahiti acid lime fruits grafted on the rootstock H10 obtained good characteristics and could be stored up to 47 days without loss of quality. The Tahiti acid lime was compatible with all rootstock studied and citrandarin 14 was the only one that showed late onset of HLB symptoms in Tahiti acid lime plants grafted on it. Therefore, citrandarins may be considered as new alternative rootstocks for the Tahiti acid lime.
Técnicas de reconhecimento de imagem para incorporação em ferramentas de auxílio a deficientes visuais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-26)
Alboy, Renan Galeane
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Fernandes, Marcio Merino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7278634019537967
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1911195660230875
Visual impairment can cause many limitations to a person, which includes working in basic home duties, professional activities, and also changing the way the world is perceived by him or her. The advent of new technologies allows the design and exploration of new kinds of aid devices for the visually impaired. Image recognition techniques have long been used as a tool to compensate or complement human visual limitations. More recently, advances in machine learning techniques, such as deep learning, have offered new possibilities to build aid tools devices that can play a significant role in reducing the limitations suffered by blind people. This work presents the results related to the development of an image recognition module to be used as part of an existing embedded aid tool for visually impaired people. The module is based on convolutional neural networks, and is initially targeted to the recognition of the state of indoor home objects.
Produção de fitomassa e acúmulo de nutrientes por espécies adubadeiras em um Sistema Agroflorestal Sucessional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-26)
Santos, Rafael Virginio dos
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Gisloti, Laura Jane
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5715506346353409
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Franco, Fernando Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3218633711361955
The inclusion of “fertilizer” species in Successional Agroforestry Systems (SAFS) may reduce the use of fertilizers and pesticides. The species called “fertilizers” in this work promote improvements in the physicochemical, water and biological properties of soils, reducing production costs and contributing to the lower dependence of farmers on time and space. This paper aims to answer the following question: What is the contribution of “fertilizer” species to nutrient cycling in a Successional Agroforestry System. The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of Aerial Phytomass (FA) and the nutrient accumulation of four species destined for green manure (fertilizers) in a SAFS, from September 2017 to July 2018, in the Settlement Luiz Beltrame, in Gália, SP. The treatments were four species: Musa paradisiaca L. cv BRS Tropical, T2 - Cajanus cajan Mill sp. cv broad bean; T3 - Inga striata Benth. and 4 - Megathyrsus maximus Jacq., Cv mombaça. The species Musa paradisiaca produced higher amount of FA and accumulated more nutrients during the evaluated period when compared to the other species. The species Cajanus cajan Mill sp., Inga striata Benth. and Megathyrsus maximus Jacq. did not differ regarding the accumulation of P and Mn in AF. Also for the accumulation of CO the species Inga striata Benth. and Megathyrsus maximus Jacq. did not differ from each other.
Representações sociais e interculturalidade: um estudo documental sobre elementos provocadores e roteiros de interação do exame Celpe-Bras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-26)
Negri, Marcia Fanti
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Viana, Nelson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252579012192711
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0126666263989130
This study investigated social representations of Brazil that may be present in Provoking Elements2 and Interactional Scripts of the oral part in Celpe-Bras Exam through the perspective of interculturality (KRAMSCH, 2011; BARBOSA, 2015; VIANA E PAIVA, 2017; WALSH,2010; CANDAU,2010; FLEURI,2003). Furthermore, the analysis and interpretation of representations in this research aim to shed light on possible suggestions for the process of teaching Portuguese as a Foreign Language (PFL), considering washback effect (SCARAMUCCI, 1995, 1999; and MOUTINHO, 2006) as pivotal. The grounding theory that supports the analysis and discussion is the Theory of Social Representations (MOSCOVICI, 2015, 1988; JODELET, 2008; MARKOVÁ, 2017) in convergence of theories of interculturality and interaction (GOFFMAN, 1967; DUNCAN & FISKE,2015; LEFFA, 2006; ELLIS, 1984; MCNAMARA & ROEVER, 2010; MOSCOVICI, 2015). Methodology-wise, this study is characterized as interpretative documentary (SCOTT, 1990; LE GOFF, 1996; BAILEY, 2008) under the paradigm of qualitative research. The temporal corpus snippet revealed that few provoking elements conveyed social representations of Brazil and/or Brazilian people, or somehow favored the articulation of social representations through the interactional script. Mostly, provoking elements and interaction scripts showed representations of Brazil and/or Brazilian people that referred to potential generalizations regarding Brazil(ians). Moreover, seldom did the questions in the interactional script seem to guide the discussion through an intercultural perspective. Finally, the discussion of social representations of Brazil under the perspective of interculturality favored reflection upon the learning and teaching processes, considering its dimensions of material production, evaluation, as well as PFL teacher education and public policies for the area.
O presidencialismo de coalizão no Brasil: limites ou continuidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-26)
Mendes, José Eduardo da Silva
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Carvalho, Joelson Gonçalves de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0141039743607067
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527076567529015
The period of President Dilma Rousseff's second term of office (2015-2016) has brought to light innumerable imbrications in the national political scene, resulting in multiple effects on Brazilian sociability such as ideological polarization, insecurity in institutions, discrediting politics, , the instability and pressure that permeates the current political atmosphere, consolidated with the impeachment of 2016, reverberate cautious warnings of undemocratic thinking, provoking the need for rational reflections on the events that happened in the period. In this context, relevant discussion refers to the contribution to the crisis given by the institutional model itself, the so-called coalition presidentialism. Analyzing this political-institutional arrangement adopted in Brazil, in the light of the governments of the Workers Party (PT) and the Party of the Brazilian Democratic Movement (PMDB), it aims to demonstrate that, despite the historical criticisms related to the mechanisms used by the institutional engineering in force in the country, the political imbalance presents part of the reasoning outside the scope of the institutions. Thus, institutional aspects that reflect to a great extent the regular functioning of the decision-making relations involving the Executive and Legislative branches will be highlighted, listing hypotheses that signal this predominantly extra-institutional character of the crisis.
Contribuições da escala de intensidade de apoio ao planejamento e prática do professor para jovens com síndrome de down
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-26)
Freitas, Polyane Gabrielle de
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Galvani, Márcia Duarte
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6866106661255961
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8191656635809227
Teaching planning is configured as an extremely important stage in the pedagogical practice of the teacher and in the teaching-learning process of students with intellectual disabilities. In this context, the Support Intensity Scale is a tool that can assist in the preparation of teaching planning, as it allows the identification of students' needs. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the applicability of a teaching plan based on adaptive behaviors on the scale of support intensity for young people with Down syndrome and, as specific objectives: (a) evaluate the intensity of support in behaviors adaptations of young people with Down syndrome; (b) describe the teacher's routine and pedagogical practice; (c) apply, in collaboration with the teacher, a teaching plan given the need for support; (d) evaluate the applicability of this planning according to the teacher's perspective and implications for pedagogical practice. The study followed a qualitative approach, of the action-research type. A Special Education teacher participated in the study, two young people with Down syndrome, being: a young man with 21 years of age and his father; a 19-year-old girl and her mother. The study was carried out at a Special Education school in a medium-sized city in the interior of the state of São Paulo. The following instruments were used: a classroom observation protocol; an initial semi-structured interview for a teacher; a semi-structured interview script for parents; a semi-structured interview for parents with information about young people with Down syndrome; a Support Intensity Scale - SIS for young people and a final semi-structured interview for the teacher. The data obtained were organized and analyzed in a qualitative way grouped into four categories: (a) pedagogical practice and the teacher's teaching planning; (b) the need for support in the adaptive behaviors of young people with Down syndrome; (c) preparation and application of teaching planning based on the need for support; (d) evaluation of the applicability of teaching planning from the teacher's perspective. As a result, it was found that the area in which young people with Down syndrome needed greater support was the adaptive area of lifelong learning and, furthermore, after the teaching planning developed with the teacher, it was possible to perceive positive changes in the involvement in the proposed activities, interaction with colleagues, teacher and researcher. As for teaching planning based on the SIS Scale, it was found that it can assist in the teacher's pedagogical practice, since it allowed greater centralization in the needs of young people with Down syndrome. Accordingly, it is expected that this study will serve as an example of good practices, as well as an indication for the use of the Support Intensity Scale - SIS as a tool for teaching planning. It was concluded, therefore, that teaching planning based on the SIS Scale achieved favorable effects on the learning of young people with Down syndrome in the investigated reality, thus being able to have its results considered in future research and interventions.
Formação e prática pedagógica de professores da EJA junto a estudantes com deficiência intelectual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-26)
Tassinari, Ana Maria
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Campos, Juliane Aparecida de Paula Perez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3169299095370522
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9239293467958080
This study aimed at analyzing the formation and acting of Adult Education teachers regarding intellectually disabled students. As specific objectives, this study aimed at: (a) characterizing the formation of Adult Education teachers and their knowledge about special education; (b) identifying the demands of Adult Education teachers concerning their acting with intellectually disabled students; (c) developing a formation program for Adult Education teachers, aiming at a reflexive process of the teaching practice in an inclusive context. In order to do so, we relied on the systematization of the collaborative action research with qualitative approach. This study was held in a municipality of the northern region of the State of São Paulo. Participated in this research seven Adult Education teachers who act in Elementary School and work with intellectually disabled students. Based on the intended objectives, the data collection was organized in three phases: characterization of the pedagogical practice, identification of the teachers’ demands and Reflexive Formation. The instuments used for collecting data developed by the researcher were: (a) observation script in class, (b) semistructured interview script for Adult Education teachers acting with intellectually disabled students, (c) field diary, (d) virtual classroom, and (e) reflexive formation. With the collected data, we used the category content analysis technique, which were analyzed and organized. The results show aspects related to: Adult Education teachers formation and knowledge in special education; teachers’ conception and experience about inclusion in Adult Education; organization and teaching in Adult Education with intellectually disabled students; and contributions of reflexive formation for teaching. Results showed that teachers do not feel prepared to inclusion because of the lack of a theoretical, technical and methodological preparation. Also, they support of specialized professionals to monitor and guide students, persisting, still, in a traditional practice, with expository lessons, using practices which are not proper to inclusion. About reflexive formation, teachers indicate contributions of the formative process to teaching reflexion, specially regarding practices and perceptions with intellectually disabled students.
Estudo sobre dor lombar crônica e depressão de idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-27)
Donatti, Ariel
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Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081
;
Inouye, Keika
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052
Population ageing causes an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases and functionality impairment. The depressive symptoms and chronic lumbar pain have been affecting a growing number of senior persons and have become important subjects of investigation. In that sense, this study was designed to determine the relationship between the intensity of the lumbar pain, the impairment generated by that pain and the presence of depressive symptoms in senior persons who are independent in their basic daily activities. The character of the study was descriptive, qualitative and cross-sectional. We analyzed a sample of independent elderly persons suffering from chronic lumbar pain (n=46) registered at the Family Health Units (Unidades Saúde da Família) in the municipality of São Carlos, São Paulo state. The following items were use to collect data: Elderly Characterization Record, Multidimensional Pain Assessment Scale - EMADOR (MPAS), Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire and the Geriatric Depression Scale - GDS. The data collected were input into a databank in the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows to perform descriptive analyses and a Spearman correlational analysis. The National Health Council ethic guidelines regarding research with human beings were fully respected. Most senior persons describe their lumbar pain as painful, persistently and uncomfortably. The results indicate that more intense pain negatively affects appetite, interpersonal relationships and mobility. The correlational analyses have demonstrated a significant relationship between the intensity of the lumbar pain and the number of depressive symptoms with a weak and directly proportional magnitude (rho=0.302, p=0.041). Besides, we observed a significant relationship between the number of disabilities/ limitations caused by the lumbar pain and the number of depressive symptoms with a moderate and directly proportional magnitude (rho=0.403, p=0.005).