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Impactos do tipo de manejo de plantas invasoras nos microrganismos do solo em plantio de restauração florestal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-03)
Parré, Fernando Martins
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Loiola, Priscilla de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691455603546958
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Monquero, Patricia Andrea
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2766526793830455
The impact of invasive species management in forest restoration systems affects the communities of microorganisms in the soil and litter. They are fundamental for carrying out ecosystem functions, which guarantee the regeneration and functioning of ecosystems. The objective of this research was to test whether there was a difference between the quantity and activity of soil microorganism communities in the mechanical and chemical treatments of invasive plants in a forest restoration plantation, comparing them with each other and with a forest restoration plantation, over 11 months. We performed soil and litter collections in a restoration plantation submitted to two invasive plant management treatments: mechanical control (brushcutter) and chemical control (periodic use of glyphosate and clethodim), and in a forest fragment. We carried out analyzes of soil microbial carbon biomass (BMC) and basal soil respiration (RBS), calculated the soil metabolic coefficient (qCO2) and quantified the soil microorganisms using qPCR in real time. To measure the litter decomposition´s rate, we installed litter bags that were evaluated for 11 months. Through analysis of variance, t tests and mixed models, we verified that there is a difference between the areas subjected to mechanical or chemical control of invasive plants and that these areas differ, in some situations, from the preserved forest. In the restoration areas, there was an initial peak of activity in the soil microorganism communities, in response to the disturbance caused by the managements. In the qPCR analysis, the amount of bacteria in the soil was lower in chemical treatment than in mechanical treatment. The peak of activity in response to treatment was less pronounced for mechanical treatment compared to chemical treatment, analyzing the RBS, BMC and qCO2 curves. Twenty days after both treatments, there was a decrease in indicative variables of microbial activity in the soil. The mechanical treatment indicated rebalancing of the activity curves in mean values above zero at the end of the study, while the chemical treatment, which also showed this tendency to rebalance the curves, had mean values close to zero, indicating almost inactivity of the community at the end of the same period. These results indicate that chemical treatment was harmful to soil microbiological communities in the long term, with mechanical treatment ending with values more similar to those of the forest fragment. The decomposition rates of the mechanical treatment and the fragment were similar. The chemical treatment ended with the lowest volume of litter decomposed in the studied period. The chemical management of invasive plants was harmful to soil microorganism communities, leading to a lower decomposition rate. Thus, the use of mechanical management of invasive plants is less aggressive to soil microbial communities and positively influences the speed of soil biota regeneration, promoting forest restoration more efficiently.
Os impactos socioeconômicos da prática de atividades físicas no Brasil: uma análise sobre renda e defasagem idade-série.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-03)
Davinha, Ana Helena Nallin
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Ferro, Andrea Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3432809140419477
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7003656891869538
The practice of physical activities has become a source of ample debates both in the academic environment and in the daily life of individuals, with respect to their benefits to physical and mental health. Despite this, little has been discussed in these two spheres regarding the socioeconomic impacts of physical activity practice. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the practice of physical activities as an economic problem, insofar as it affects the health and quality of life (well-being) of individuals, consequently causing impacts on their productivity and ability to earn income. For adults (those between 18 and 65 years old), we analysed the relationship between physical activity practice and individual income earning. As for school-aged individuals (adolescents, aged 15 to 17 years old), as physical activity, besides being included in the school hours, also impacts their physical and metal well-being, we analysed the impacts of the practice of physical activities on the academic performance of adolescents, that is, on their age-grade gap. In order to do so, the statistical-econometric methodology was used as a way of analyzing and evaluating these relations, using the Heckman equation for income and count data models for the age-grade gap. The results on income show that physical activity practice (PAP) not only can lead to positive impacts on the individuals' health stock, but can also affect their income earnings, becoming a socioeconomic issue that affects the quality of life of individuals through many means. Thus, we find that the practice of any kind of physical activity out of the work hours increases the individual’s income earnings by 10.2% (IV-Probit IV-GMM) to 12.3% (BP IV-GMM), on average. This result was obtained while controlling the estimations for selection bias and for the presence of endogeneity between PAP and the individual's occupational situation and income. These PAP impacts vary across sexes and throughout age groups, so that PAP displays greater impacts on men’s income earnings, and an inverted U-shaped behavior across age groups, similar to the very impacts of age and experience on income (MINCER, 1958; SCHULTZ, 1961). As for the age-grade gap, the effects of PAP on the academic performance of adolescents were quite different for boys and girls: while, for the girls, the fact of participating on out-of-school hours PAP reduces their age-grade gap by 24.8%, or 0.281 years (around 3.4 months), on average, for the boys, the PAP was, in most cases, statistically zero in terms of affecting AGG. Even more, considering exclusively those boys regularly attending school, the NBRM MEs point out to a positive effect of participating on PAP on their age-grade gap, so that it negatively affects the academic performance of these boys.
Perspectiva materna sobre variáveis familiares e serviços oferecidos aos filhos com síndrome de Down e/ou autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-03)
Spinazola, Cariza de Cássia
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Cia, Fabiana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5999108571365402
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0508285970778426
This research was divided into two studies, the aims of these studies are: 1: (a) identifying and comparing the needs, the social support and the parent satisfaction of preschool children aged zero to six and elementary school aged six to nine with Down´s syndrome and autism; (b) identifying and comparing the family system of preschool children aged zero to six and of elementary school aged six to nine with Down´s syndrome or autism; (c) describing and comparing the families opinion about the services offered to their preschool children from zero to six years old with Down´s syndrome and (d) correlating the variables. The aim of study 2 was: to identify and compare the needs, the social support and the parental satisfaction of children with Down´s syndrome or autism. The mothers were divided into two groups, G1 (EI) consisting of 20 mothers of children with Down´s syndrome or autism matriculated in early childhood education and G2 (EF) mothers of children with Down´s syndrome or autism matriculated in elementary school until the third year. Contact with the mothers through five municipal schools for early childhood and elementary school and three groups for the families. The tools used in this study were: Family system characterization questionnaire, Family needs questionnaire, Social support questionnaire, Parental satisfaction questionnaire and a semi-structured interview script. The data collected were quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative data were used to make a comparison between the groups using the t-test, and the qualitative data were analyzed though elaboration of categories. It was used Person´s correlation test to correlate the quantitative data. Correspondingly, the comparison between the groups demonstrated that G1 (EI) showed higher information requirements on how to deal with their children, a greater number of people to count on a higher level of satisfaction with the support received. G2 (EF) showed greater need for time to speak with the children´s therapists and teachers. When it comes to school services, in both groups there are still children who do not receive special education assistance and, in most cases, the school does not accomplish referrals to public services or answer parents´ questions. In terms of support networks, both groups indicated the need for specialized professionals and financial backing. For services, most mothers appeal to private institutions or/and associate public and private. It was also related as a positive point in the majority of attention and the manner professionals deal with children at school. When comparing study 2, it was demonstrated that mothers of children with DS, in comparison with the mothers of children with autism, presented a greater need for information about the way the child grows and develops. Still, the mothers of children with autism had needs in issues involving explaining their children´s situation and paying expenses for therapists and other services. The data highlight the importance of more effective support networks for families of children matriculated in public school system and provide relevant subsides for public policies, programs and actions, especially at the municipal level.
Paleobiology of the Itajaí Basin (Ediacaran, Santa Catarina, Brazil): evolutionary, paleoecological and taphonomical implications
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-04)
Becker Kerber, Bruno
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Paim, Paulo Sergio Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8591350653509881
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Pacheco, Mírian Liza Alves Forancelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3481327026891705
New studies on the geologic history of Earth are increasingly revealing the complex relationships among evolutionary patterns, diversification of major groups, and environmental changes. In the fossil record of the Ediacaran Period (635–541 Ma), the appearance of macroscopically complex organisms and animals resulted in major modifications in the environment, setting the stage for the subsequent “Cambrian explosion” and the development of Phanerozoic-style ecosystems. The Ediacaran biota can be found in several localities throughout the world, and researchers on this subject are able now to divide it in mainly three Assemblages: Avalon, White Sea and Nama. Compared to other deposits around the world, studies on South American Ediacaran fossils are still in their early stages, but already show a great potential to understand the evolution of early complex life. In this context, this work aimed to investigate the taxonomy, taphonomy and age of the poorly known fossils from the Itajaí Basin (Santa Catarina, southern Brazil), as well as its relationships to other coeval fossiliferous strata. For that, a multi-approach investigation was conducted, using diverse techniques, such as: stereomicroscopic investigation; petrography; U/Pb radiometric dating (SHRIMP); scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDS); computerized microtomography (µCT); and Raman and infrared spectroscopy. The results of this work are presented here in three main published and/or submitted articles regarding: [I] the description of the Itajaí Biota and its age; [II] the taphonomic characteristics of the ‘Ediacaran-style’ preservation at the Itajaí Basin; and [III] the nature of microbial filaments. In Article 1, it is reported the presence of Ediacaran soft-bodied organisms, such as Palaeopascichnus, discoidal forms (Aspidella and Nimbia), as well as abundant microbial mat features (e.g., reticulated tufts, Arumberia, and wrinkles). Moreover, the age of the Itajaí Basin is further constrained by U/Pb radiometric dating of volcanic tuffs, giving a depositional age ca. 563 Ma and setting this Ediacaran biota as one of the oldest in Gondwana. In Article 2, it is presented a detailed investigation on the microbial filaments and their possible affinities with giant filamentous sulfide-oxidizing bacteria, such as the modern Beggiatoa. This has great implications for understanding the biotic and geochemical context during Ediacaran times. In Article 3, it is provided a model to the fossilization mechanisms of the Itajaí Basin, in which the micro and macrofossils would have been preserved by volcanic and microbial activity. This work shows for the first time robust evidences for the role of clay authigenesis in the early diagenesis of fossils. In sum, this thesis provides a comprehensive take on the paleobiology, taphonomy, and age of the Ediacaran Itajaí Biota, showing that these deposits are of key importance in studies on early macroscopic complex lifeforms of the fossil record.
Análise físico-química, compostos fenólicos, capacidade antioxidante, carotenoides totais e vitamina c da polpa, casca e semente da fruta gabiroba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-05)
Pasquotto, Ieda
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Mello, Beatriz Camargo Barros de Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0561319136884757
Gabiroba (Campomanesia xanthocarpa) is a fruit of the Myrtaceae family, native to the Atlantic Forest and Brazilian cerrado. It is widely used in folk medicine and consumed fresh in the form of liquors and juices. This work aimed to evaluate the physicochemical composition and some biochemical properties of gabiroba proven in the interior of the state of São Paulo. The fruits were harvested in the city of Campina do Monte Alegre (SP) manually and randomly. Physicochemical analyzes, proximate composition of the different parts of the fruits (peel, pulp and seed) were carried out and the extracts obtained by shaking and ultrasound were analyzed in relation to their content of total phenolic compounds, total carotenoids, vitamin C and antioxidant capacity. Their physical and chemical characteristics of the fractions were evaluated for the parameters longitudinal and transverse diameter (mm), mass (g) and pulp yield (%). For the preparation of the samples, the fruits were selected, sanitized, separated, crushed and frozen and they were evaluated for the levels of chemical composition and bioactive compounds. Regarding the proximate composition, the fractions showed high levels of moisture and fibers and the results showed high levels of phenolic compounds and vitamin C in addition to high antioxidant capacity, demonstrating the great potential of the fruit to be marketed and consumed in different ways.
Desenvolvimento de visibilidade na cadeia de suprimentos: um modelo conceitual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-05)
Gallo, Igor Sant'Ana
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Silva, Andrea Lago da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2380499339281186
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6593833743474046
The increasing dynamism and environment complexity demand more responsive supply chains, but the technology development allowed companies to take full advantage of supply chain visibility to cope with sudden changes. To develop visibility, it is necessary to identify which information the company should exchange and what factors might impact its value. This research proposes the term visibility dimension to refer to the type of information that can be exchanged to improve supply chain visibility and influential characteristics to organization’s social and operating characteristics that can influence the value of a certain visibility dimension. Through the lenses of Contingency Theory and Social Capital Theory, this research presents how influential characteristics impact the development of supply chain visibility. The fit between the visibility dimensions and categories of influential characteristics is defined as visibility configurations. To do so, a systematic literature review was performed to identify the main dimensions, categories of characteristics, and links between a type of information and an influential characteristic. The second part of this project followed a Q-sort method to test if the characteristics and types of information were correctly labeled into the categories of characteristics and visibility dimensions, respectively. The results showed that the visibility dimensions had a high agreement between the judges, but the characteristics part did not. Although the second part of the questionnaire presented some problems, the characteristics that had low agreement could be verified through one of the theoretical lenses or past researches on the topic, so the items were theoretically validated. This research presents contributions to both practitioners and researchers. For practitioners, this research provided an actionable framework to develop visibility and provided guidelines on how to determine which visibility dimension should be developed. For the literature, this research provided two contributions. First, a formal definition of visibility dimensions, a synthesis of the approaches to develop visibility available in the literature. Second, a theory grounded analysis on how influential characteristics impact the development of supply chain visibility and propose the first version of the visibility configurations that might explain the conflicting results regarding some influential characteristics. This research was exploratory, so future researches might validate the configurations proposed and consider the impacts the categories of characteristics have on each other. Researchers should also consider the impact of the visibility dimensions on the categories to provide a more accurate picture of how influential characteristics impact the development of visibility.
PT e social-democracia: analisando a trajetória e os governos petistas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-05)
Beker, Matheus Haruo
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Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2219251557152890
This research aims to answer the following question: does the Workers Party act as a social democratic party? The objective is to assess whether the party had social democratic characteristics in its party trajectory and in the policies implemented while it was in the federal government. To contemplate this objective, we will employ the study of social democracy characteristics and the trajectory of its parties relating these aspects to the PT trajectory and its actions in front of the executive. Our analysis concludes that the purpose and the way in which the PT ruled, along with the analysis of PT's trajectory, indicate that the party has sufficiently social-democratic elements, although not fully satisfying the social-democratic ideal type. A secondary objective is to discuss the methodology regarding the study of social democratic parties, mobilizing different elements from that used by traditional literature and making notes on a different methodology. Studying and understanding the ideology that guided the PT during the government is of great value to political science since the party has constituted itself as the main left force in Brazil in recent decades, thus the expected contribution is to assist future studies in understanding the Brazilian political system and the strategies employed by PT in the past, present and future.
Formação de professores no curso pré-vestibular da UFSCar do campus São Carlos: uma perspectiva política da docência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-08)
Varaneis, Geovanna da Silva
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Carnio, Michel Pisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0198207700485715
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3237249133186172
Traditionally, teacher training in Brazil is more concerned with mastering the contents that are “transmitted” to students than with the critical thinking about the social role of the contents or even with different conceptions of learning which permeate the educational process. In Brazil, higher education institutions are responsible for the training of teachers in pedagogy and in undergraduate courses, other spaces however can contribute to this formation as is the case of popular pre-university entrance courses. In order to collaborate with reflections on the work marks in the Pre-university entrance course at the Federal University of São Carlos (cursinho UFSCar/São Carlos) for teacher training the present work sought to understand the conceptions of teachers who are part of this group of teachers regarding the social function education and the conceptions of teaching and learning that permeate their practices, using textual discursive analysis of the semi-structured changes carried out with four teachers who work at cursinho UFSCar/São Carlos. It was observed that in general such teachers understand the emancipatory and social transformation potential of education being able to recognize and position themselves about the social context, inequalities and injustices present in the lives of their students, in addition in their performance at the classroom they seek to develop critical thinking in students, relating whenever possible the specific content with political, cultural, social issues, among others. However, something common among teachers is that sometimes, although they seem to recognize the importance of critical thinking and to develop such a skill in their students, in practice, they are not very successful, because of their somewhat mistaken view of their practice in addition to having little time to work on an extensive curriculum. In this way is very present the concept of content restricted to its conceptual and pragmatic aspects, which goes back to the Brazilian tradition deeply ingrained to consider that the formation of a critical human being can be achieved through concepts and technical using school exercise training. We conclude that cursinho UFSCar/São Carlos has a positive contribution to the critical and political education of these teachers. However, it is necessary to care for didactic-pedagogical elements that enable a better articulation between theory and practice in the training activities that are developed at cursinho UFSCar/São Carlos, studying the possibility of partnerships with teachers, research groups or even other projects in the educational field.
O bibliotecário no Exército Brasileiro: satisfação e motivação para o trabalho militar do profissional da informação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-09)
Oliveira, Júlio Cesar Pinto de
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Lizarelli, Fabiane Letícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4525431419326559
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7126939657970861
This Dissertation presents and contextualizes the themes "Motivation" and "Job Satisfaction", correlating the Librarian with the Army. Its general objective is to identify which are the most motivating factors and their relationship with satisfaction for the military work of the librarian in the Brazilian Army, observing the differences between the stabilized and the temporary. It explains, in general lines, the “Brazilian Army”, presenting a brief history, its constitutional mission, the characteristics of the military and the career plan, giving greater emphasis to the professionals who have stability, provided by the approval in public competition, and to those who they have a temporary work contract of a maximum of eight years, due to the simplified selection process they carried out. He explains that the librarian became part of the Army's stable career in 2012, currently counting on nine professionals. It also indicates that there are twenty-six temporary librarians. It presents the Army Integrated Library Network (BIE Network) and its importance for the Army Librarian. It presents details of the librarian profession, such as characteristics of the bachelor in Librarianship and the elements that are guided by the International Federation Library Association (IFLA) to compose the curricula of undergraduate courses, in addition to highlighting the professional's skills. After conducting a Systematic Bibliographic Review (RBS) in scientific databases, studies were identified that relate “motivation and military service” and “motivation and librarian work”. Motivational theories were explained, with greater emphasis, the Two Factor Theory, by Frederick Herzberg, from 1959. Through a questionnaire built from previous studies that used this Theory as a theoretical framework, collected perceptions about work, routine and motivations for working in the military as a librarian, highlighting the factors that produce the greatest satisfaction. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics; hierarchical groupings (cluster); Mann-Whitney non-parametric test; and Spearman correlation. The survey results indicate that there is little variation in motivation and satisfaction with military work between stabilized and temporary librarians, except for two variables (one linked to the relationship with peers and one linked to the job itself). In both variables there was a significant difference (at the level of 5%) in motivation between the groups, showing that stabilized librarians have higher levels of motivation for military work than temporary librarians. Finally, it highlights that the profile of the military librarian is predominantly female, between thirty and thirty-nine years old, who concluded, at least, a specialization course lato sensu, who identifies strictly military activities as demotivating and who perceives professional recognition, remuneration and relationships with subordinates, the most valuable motivational factors for obtaining satisfaction in military work.
Propostas de modelos de soluções de problemas fundiários a partir de dados dos órgãos públicos da cidade de São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-09)
Chacur, Rachel Lopes Queiroz
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Monteiro, Luzia Cristina Antoniossi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2890278808923978
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Oliveira, Celso Maran de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9911833172043700
This thesis addresses the issue of litigiousness in legal actions of urban land conflicts and proposes models for their solutions, in public and delegated bodies. The objectives were to identify and analyze institutionalized urban land conflicts distributed in public agencies in the Municipality of São Carlos - SP, map the geographical location and suggest Mediation models. The method used was the quanti-qualitative approach, with descriptive analysis of data, with observation and action of empirical research, in the transversal line, in the period of five years (2013/2017) of the processes of the database of the State Public Ministry, Justice State and Federal Justice of the adopted local constituency. The Excell platform was used to tabulate the data into previously prepared categories, for subjects of interest to the urban theme, composing a set of results from the judicial proceedings, of each body. This new methodological procedure demonstrated a logical sequence of the data collection steps of the procedural rite, in each public agency, with its specificities presented, discussed and contemplates the deepening of subjects, with the advantage of arriving at the diagnosis of the effectiveness of the processes and efficiency of the institutional management. To register the location of the occurrence of each conflict, the Geographic Information System platform was used, which represents the union of hardware and software capable of storing, analyzing and processing georeferenced data, containing digital files in raster format (images of satellite) or vector (points, lines or polygons), with the support of using Google Earth software online and Google Earth PRO, for the production of mosaics, with the manual drawing of random cutouts from cartography. The results show the diffusion of environmental and urban illegality in the study area, showing the need for changes in theoretical property paradigms, a new conflict theory and models for resolving environmental and land tenure conflicts, in order to avoid litigious impoundment in public bodies, extrapolating to the administrative sphere of solutions to land problems. The implementation of this methodology optimizes the internal and external communication of information on binding acts of the computerized system between public judicial and extrajudicial bodies. It provides multiple forms of real estate legalization solutions and price equations for land regularization services through registries. It presents new forms and classifications of administrative, environmental, community and land tenure, in its pure, mixed or hybrid character, depending on the complexity of solving the land problem pending conflict resolution. It proposes inverted and cyclical scales of popular participation in the systemic axes of the phases of conflict solution processing. The new structural and complex diagram enables shared inter-federative governance by deconcentrating public services and decentralizing protocols and their regulation. This new vision of alternative mechanisms reduces litigation and favors public policies for local urban land regularization, with potential for employment in all brazilian cities.
Efeitos da temperatura e da contaminação de rejeitos da mineração no crescimento e na fisiologia de Ricciocarpos natans (L.) Corda
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-10)
Gimenes, Luana Lorca Sartoris
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Freschi, Gian Paulo Giovanni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7759622872412835
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Santino, Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2356641063223397
In recent years, the contamination of Brazilian water resources by metals contained in mining waste has become frequent and, in addition, another environmental factor that must also be considered, concomitantly, is the increase in the global temperature of the planet caused by global warming. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the toxicity of three metals (Al, Mn and Zn) in bioassays containing different concentrations of individual metals and in combinations in the growth in biomass and width and in the physiological responses of Ricciocarpos natans under two temperatures, in addition to evaluate the growth and physiological changes of individuals exposed to water contaminated by mining waste, and to evaluate the percentage of removal efficiency of metals from the test solution. Samples of water contaminated by mining waste from the dam burst in Mariana (MG) in 2015 were collected and the metals determined. The treatments included healthy individuals of R. natans (n = 10, ± 0.5 cm wide) exposed for 30 days (5 repetitions), 12/12 photoperiod, to the metal concentrations found in the tailings (Al = 1.5 mg L-1; Mn and Zn = 0.7 mg L-1) and in two higher concentrations (Al = 2.5 and 5.0 mg L-1; Mn and Zn = 1.5 and 3.0 mg L- 1) at temperatures of 25 ºC and 27 ºC. Twice a week, the plants of all treatments had their fresh masses determined gravimetrically and the width measured. The fresh masses accumulated from the macrophytes during the sampling period were adjusted to the logistic model. Physiological analyzes of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, carotenoids), antioxidants (anthocyanin and flavonoid) and oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage) were performed once a week. The growth and physiological responses of the macrophyte R. natans were affected by exposure to the concentrations of the metals Al, Mn and Zn. The growth coefficients and the doubling time changed with the addition of the metals. The growth kinetics for the mixture of metals indicated that the higher the combined concentrations, the greater the damage to the growth and physiology of the macrophyte, as necrosis in plant tissues occurred faster. In water contaminated by the tailings, the individuals of R. natans also showed impaired growth since the beginning of the experiments. The increase in temperature by 2 ° C (27 ° C) together with exposure to metals negatively influenced the growth of R. natans, since for most of the bioassays it was not possible to observe an increase in biomass or even width. In general, metals inhibit plant growth by around 50% of biomass production. The present study contributes to the understanding of the impacts that can occur by metals contained in mining tailings and the increase in temperature in aquatic ecosystems in the growth and physiology of aquatic macrophytes.
Experiências de fãs de K-pop em shows no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-10)
Anjos, Mayumi Nagasawa dos
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Ferragi, Cesar Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8059661338196579
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7945273584749808
This paper will present a synthesis of Korean pop culture, known as Hallyu and one of its key elements, K-pop. The musical style is gaining popularity among young people from all over the world and, especially, in Brazil. With the increase of fans passionate about the contagious music and vibrant colors of the well choreographed clips, the demand for live performances grows in Brazil. But when trying to produce K-pop shows in the country, the gap between South Korea and Brazil is perceived, be it a geographical, cultural and economic distance. However we see achievements of these shows in Brazil. And in these, they present some difficulties for the fans. In reports by the author and K-pop fans, there seems to be a gap between the fan experience outside the venue and inside. In this way, some fans organize themselves in the so-called fanbases, to mobilize themselves in favor of a greater good, bringing convenience, engagement and creating bonds of friendship between the community that lives so far from their beloved idols.
A aplicação foliar de Mo e Co atenua o desbalanço de N em maracujazeiro?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-10)
Nuncio-Junior, Rodrigo Antonio
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Baron, Daniel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2054014705484176
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5958497776845479
Knowledge about the nutritional balance at initial phenological stage is mandatory to circumvent limitations on the nutritional availabilities required by the plant species. However, little is elucidated to passion fruit [Passiflora edulis Sims. f. flavicarpa Degener] about nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) deprivation stress to initial growth phenological stages. Our hypothesis tested the benefits of foliar application (spray) of molybdenum (Mo) and cobalt (Co) under different availability (N %) from a single source of nitrogen (NO3-) in the contents of photosynthetic pigments and plant growth during the initial phenological stage of development. The essential mineral elements were supplied with the Hoagland and Arnon nº01 nutrient solution, which is deprived of NH4+. The treatments employed were low, moderate and high supplies of mineral elements (25%, 50% and 100% N) combined with the absence / presence of Co and Mo spray. The experiment was conducted in a factorial scheme with a completely randomized design and the data of growth and plant production (dry matter content and photosynthetic pigments) were analyzed by ANOVA and ANCOVA, respectively. Plant growth measures in response to treatments were studied using the ‘Scott-Knott’ procedure, and significant effects and interactions were explored by average post hoc comparisons (Tukey test). From the results, we observed that the spray of Co and Mo reduced the discrepancies between the plant growth in different availability of N. In addition, we verified that the content of photosynthetic pigments was higher with low supply of nutrients (25% N) without Co and Mo spray, which enables us to reject our null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis. Thus, we conclude that the combined foliar application of Mo and Co in different availability of N attenuated plant stress due to NO3- deficiency and NH4+ deprivation during the early stage of vegetative development of young plants of P. edulis in nursery.
Plasticidade morfológica em microalgas verdes do gênero Ankistrodesmus induzida por compostos liberados por Daphnia magna
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-12)
Andolfato, Nathan Eugeni
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Freitas, Emanuela Cristina de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8601993745082402
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Bagatini, Inessa Lacativa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3904631503604006
Phenotypic plasticity in phytoplankton can be a defense mechanism against predation, directly affecting primary producers and consumers and the food chain of aquatic ecosystems. However, morphological plasticity as a defensive mechanism is an observed induced defense in only a few groups of microalgae. Some studies have documented that the defense induced in phytoplankton can be triggered merely by the presence of products released by herbivorous microcrustaceans, the kairomones, even in the absence of the predator. However, rare studies address predation-induced morphological plasticity in the cosmopolitan green microalgae of the family Selenastraceae. In this study, we evaluated the morphological variation (length and width) in 4 different species of 8 strains of microalgae of the genus Ankistrodesmus under the effect of kairomones by a cladoceran, Daphnia magna. The results showed that the presence of kairomones released by the predator induced an increase in the length and width of the cells of most strains of Ankistrodesmus. The width increased more sharply than the length, which may be related to the orientation of cell intake by the predator. As reported in another study for an A. falcatus strain, we found no colony maintenance or cell aggregation as an important morphological plasticity. However, the results suggest that a single strain of A. fusiformis (CCMA-UFSCar 605) produced colonies in the presence of kairomones excreted by the cladoceran. Despite the differences in time, intensity of response and type of induced change, all 8 strains (4 species) of the genus Ankistrodesmus studied showed some type of phenotypic plasticity in the presence of the predator's kairomones. This is the first report of changes in Ankistrodemus cell size under the influence of zooplankton predation (kairomones). The results are important to understand the ecology of these microalgae and highlight the importance of ecological studies for a better description of the taxonomic characteristics of the coccoid green microalgae.
Modelos de Lévy de atividade infinita
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-12)
Almeida, Danila Maria Silva Fernandes de
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Pinto Júnior, Dorival Leão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9633241446303620
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8804513851154838
In this work, we present a class of pure jump Lévy processes A, with internal filtration and Itô-Lévy decomposition and we established an explicit forms for martingale representation, main component of our process. Furthermore, we propose an optimal Itô-Meyer formula for a Lévy functional and Euler-Maruyama approach scheme for a path-dependent SDE driven by A Lévy process. For that, first, we close A by a Poisson process composed of Ae , that we proved to converge strongly in B2 to A, when e ↓ 0. This result is fundamental to show that, given a supermartingale Snell envelope S, we can approach it through an imbedded discrete structure , which is the sequence of value processes, associated with S.
Fluxo de curvatura média e self-shrinkers
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-12)
Vitti, Mannaim Gennaro
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Barreto, Alexandre Paiva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3369766702725474
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6766665423506228
Mean curvature flow is a geometric flow that rises when evolving a hipersurface in the direction of its normal vector field with velocity at each point equal to the mean curvature at the very same point. As it is an evolution flow, a natural question to ask is if it becomes singular (either by losing smoothness or by degenerating). We will see that this is no rare case, so another question that we might ask is regarding the asymptotic behaviour of this evolution or, in other words, what are the hypersurfaces "shapes" when their flow approaches being singular. In his paper of 1990 "Asymptotic behaviour for singularities of the mean curvature flow", Gerard Huisken proved his monotonicity formula and, through that, under certain hypothesis, Huisken concluded that the Self Shrinkers are the hypersurfaces that models the asymptotic behaviour of the flow. This work will discuss all these questions, prove the existence and uniqueness of the mean curvature flow and will also classify the self shrinkers embedded in R3 that have a constant norm of second fundamental form.
Estudo da fisiologia do crescimento, produção de biomoléculas e fotossíntese em 30 espécies de microalgas verdes de água doce
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-12)
Camargo, Eduardo Caffagni de
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Lombardi, Ana Teresa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1351715221998491
Studies on the physiology and photosynthesis of microalgae are an essential contribution to projects aimed at carbon fixation and biomass production for commercial purposes. Green microalgae (Chlorophyta stricto sensu) comprise a vast diversity of species, yet few of them have been massively cultured. The present research aimed at screening 30 species of Chlorophyta for their growth, photochemical performance, primary production and ability to accumulate biomolecules (chlorophyll, carotenoids, proteins and carbohydrates). All cultures were kept under controlled laboratory conditions. The results showed that Chlorella sorokiniana stood out in virtually every analyzed aspect. Muriella decolor presented a significant growth rate and cell density. The accumulation of total carotenoids was substantial in Monoraphidium griffithii, Chlorolobion braunii and Curvastrum pantanale. New information was found regarding protein productivity in Hariotina reticulata and Chlorolobion lunulatum. C. lunulatum, C. pantanale, H. reticulata, Scenedesmus quadricauda and Desmodesmus spinosus are potential carbohydrate producers. The evaluation of different photochemical parameters and the estimation of the microalgae’s gross primary production (PB) were carried out through Pulse-Amplitude-Modulation (PAM) fluorometry, the main assessment tool applied in this research. C. sorokiniana, D. spinosus and D. communis stood out in terms of PB. As a consequence, they are potential organisms for carbon mitigation. Inferring PB based only on the algae’s specific growth rate, as we initially hypothesized, was found not to be possible, since both variables are moderately correlated. Nonetheless, a strong correlation between PB (under in vivo conditions) and total carbohydrate productivity was observed. Using in vivo samples was considered a more appropriate way of quantifying PB rather than adding a chlorophyll-a extraction step to the same method, since it affects the samples integrity, thus compromising the interpretation of physiological data. This study thereby provides a solid basis for researchers interested in carbon mitigation and potential biotechnological applications involving the 30 strains investigated.
Reorganização societária como forma de alavancar as atividades de pequenos produtores rurais brasileiros: um ensaio comparativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-14)
Costa, Ana Raquel Fontanetta
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Carraro, Nilton Cezar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1772319008243508
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Ramos, Paulo Henrique Bertucci
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0148103598149034
Brazilian agribusiness alone represents 21% of the Brazilian Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which is the sum of all the wealth produced in one year. Naturally, the demand for capital is equal to or even greater than other sectors due to some peculiarities, such as the time to obtain a complete cycle of production, which in this sector is called a harvest, and most properties can achieve two harvests a year. Therefore, it can be said that the operating cycle is over six months, demonstrating that the financial cycle is also long. Based on the need to generate resources and the need to leverage agricultural activities, especially small ones, this work aims to demonstrate how corporate reorganization can help small rural producers to acquire financial and material resources less cheaply. To this end, a synthesis of Brazilian agribusiness was carried out to demonstrate its composition and the level of participation in the economy, as well as a quick overview of the current technological stage employed, in addition to the number of entrepreneurs that exist in this sector. The following act demonstrated how the financial market operates concerning capital lending in Brazil and how corporate reorganizations can effectively assist economic activities, thus allowing a comparison between onerous and non-onerous capital, reaching the considerations that agribusiness suffers from a very large administrative restructuring and how most of these enterprises are raising funds does not favor their development. Therefore, this work opens up the opportunity for further studies with discussions linked to points that have now been highlighted.
Uma análise crítica da BNCC na área de Língua Portuguesa a partir das contribuições de Freire
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-15)
Fraga, Lídice Tiede
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Silva, Antonio Fernando Gouvêa da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9621931288117213
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6328648167892042
ABSTRACT FRAGA, Lídice Tiede. A Critical Analysis of the BNCC in the Portuguese Language Area from the Contributions of Freire. 2020. 89 p. (Master´s Degree in Education) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos [Federal University of São Carlos], Sorocaba campus, Sorocaba/SP, 2020. The objective of this research was to seek to understand the Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) [National Common Curricular Base] of the Portuguese Language for the final years of Elementary School, through the comparison between the general intentions of the BNCC and the specific area, using the categories of Bakhtinian and Freirean analysis: dialogism and dialogicity, and their conceptual and meaning unfolding. The objective of this work was also to investigate to what extent this document, which guides the construction of federal, state and municipal curricular, presents a theoretical-methodological discourse consistent with the contextualized concept of teaching for the adoption of a critical-dialogical pedagogical reference, committed to the construction of knowledge based on the reality of students and the voices of communities. Thus, through a qualitative approach, the analysis of the document was based on the theoretical-methodological framework of historical-dialectic materialism and Dialogical Discourse Analysis (DDA). In order to carry out the analysis, a theoretical construction was made about the history of national curriculum policies, critical and non-critical curricular conceptions, specific curriculum history of Portuguese language and explanation of the assumptions of Bakhtinians and Freireans, markers of the analytical categories listed. Still with regard to the realization of the analysis, the discourses of parts of the BNCC - general and specific part - on which the categories focused, were confronted in order to verify the enunciative coherence and whether, effectively, the basis is committed to its own educational project, based on ethical, political and aesthetic principles, of building a just society through a process of teaching and learning contextualized and dialogical. Within this perspective, this work has evidenced an internal discursive incoherence regarding the categories with radical -dialog.
Utilização de zebrafish para validação de programa computacional aplicado à análise cardíaca após administração de medicamentos cardiotônicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-15)
Motheo, Stéphanie Ferguson
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Borra, Ricardo Carneiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5655362515357840
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0867406777638908
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a vertebrate widely used as a model for laboratory tests, due to its high fertility, practical handling and low cost. The cardiac characteristics of this species, as well, as the easy absorption of substances present in the water by the tissues of different organs, makes it an excellent model for cardiotoxicity studies. Thus, the present study aims to validate a program (CardioCount v2.0) capable of detecting cardiac changes like, intervals of cardiac contraction and contraction patterns in zebrafish larvae. For this, four substances (dopamine, atropine, adrenaline and haloperidol) were selected, to which zebrafish larvae were exposed in different concentrations. Through filming, the 60 larvae with 96 hpf were anesthetized by immersion of 0.7 M tricaine methanesulfonat, filmed and analyzed for variations in heart rate, entropy and possible cardiotoxicity, with 1% DMSO as control. Tests performed with dopamine showed a significant change in the concentration of 2.5 µM with respect to entropy; in the case of adrenaline, all doses resulted in an increase in HR except for 1.0 µM; with respect to atropine, at the dose of 2.50 µM there was an increase in entropy and, in the test with haloperidol, there was a greater dispersion of effects and a greater dependence on the concentration value, with a decrease in heart rate at doses of 2, 5 and 20 µM and in changing entropy with concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 µM. The analysis based on cardiac frequency and entropy parameters quantified in zebrafish larvae, using the computer program CardioCount v.2.0 allowed to quickly and accurately detect cardiological effects of the following drugs: dopamine, adrenaline, atropine and haloperidol.