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Efeitos da temperatura e da contaminação de rejeitos da mineração no crescimento e na fisiologia de Ricciocarpos natans (L.) Corda
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-10)
Gimenes, Luana Lorca Sartoris
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Freschi, Gian Paulo Giovanni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7759622872412835
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Santino, Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2356641063223397
In recent years, the contamination of Brazilian water resources by metals contained in mining waste has become frequent and, in addition, another environmental factor that must also be considered, concomitantly, is the increase in the global temperature of the planet caused by global warming. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the toxicity of three metals (Al, Mn and Zn) in bioassays containing different concentrations of individual metals and in combinations in the growth in biomass and width and in the physiological responses of Ricciocarpos natans under two temperatures, in addition to evaluate the growth and physiological changes of individuals exposed to water contaminated by mining waste, and to evaluate the percentage of removal efficiency of metals from the test solution. Samples of water contaminated by mining waste from the dam burst in Mariana (MG) in 2015 were collected and the metals determined. The treatments included healthy individuals of R. natans (n = 10, ± 0.5 cm wide) exposed for 30 days (5 repetitions), 12/12 photoperiod, to the metal concentrations found in the tailings (Al = 1.5 mg L-1; Mn and Zn = 0.7 mg L-1) and in two higher concentrations (Al = 2.5 and 5.0 mg L-1; Mn and Zn = 1.5 and 3.0 mg L- 1) at temperatures of 25 ºC and 27 ºC. Twice a week, the plants of all treatments had their fresh masses determined gravimetrically and the width measured. The fresh masses accumulated from the macrophytes during the sampling period were adjusted to the logistic model. Physiological analyzes of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, carotenoids), antioxidants (anthocyanin and flavonoid) and oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage) were performed once a week. The growth and physiological responses of the macrophyte R. natans were affected by exposure to the concentrations of the metals Al, Mn and Zn. The growth coefficients and the doubling time changed with the addition of the metals. The growth kinetics for the mixture of metals indicated that the higher the combined concentrations, the greater the damage to the growth and physiology of the macrophyte, as necrosis in plant tissues occurred faster. In water contaminated by the tailings, the individuals of R. natans also showed impaired growth since the beginning of the experiments. The increase in temperature by 2 ° C (27 ° C) together with exposure to metals negatively influenced the growth of R. natans, since for most of the bioassays it was not possible to observe an increase in biomass or even width. In general, metals inhibit plant growth by around 50% of biomass production. The present study contributes to the understanding of the impacts that can occur by metals contained in mining tailings and the increase in temperature in aquatic ecosystems in the growth and physiology of aquatic macrophytes.
Experiências de fãs de K-pop em shows no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-10)
Anjos, Mayumi Nagasawa dos
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Ferragi, Cesar Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8059661338196579
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7945273584749808
This paper will present a synthesis of Korean pop culture, known as Hallyu and one of its key elements, K-pop. The musical style is gaining popularity among young people from all over the world and, especially, in Brazil. With the increase of fans passionate about the contagious music and vibrant colors of the well choreographed clips, the demand for live performances grows in Brazil. But when trying to produce K-pop shows in the country, the gap between South Korea and Brazil is perceived, be it a geographical, cultural and economic distance. However we see achievements of these shows in Brazil. And in these, they present some difficulties for the fans. In reports by the author and K-pop fans, there seems to be a gap between the fan experience outside the venue and inside. In this way, some fans organize themselves in the so-called fanbases, to mobilize themselves in favor of a greater good, bringing convenience, engagement and creating bonds of friendship between the community that lives so far from their beloved idols.
A aplicação foliar de Mo e Co atenua o desbalanço de N em maracujazeiro?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-10)
Nuncio-Junior, Rodrigo Antonio
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Baron, Daniel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2054014705484176
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5958497776845479
Knowledge about the nutritional balance at initial phenological stage is mandatory to circumvent limitations on the nutritional availabilities required by the plant species. However, little is elucidated to passion fruit [Passiflora edulis Sims. f. flavicarpa Degener] about nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) deprivation stress to initial growth phenological stages. Our hypothesis tested the benefits of foliar application (spray) of molybdenum (Mo) and cobalt (Co) under different availability (N %) from a single source of nitrogen (NO3-) in the contents of photosynthetic pigments and plant growth during the initial phenological stage of development. The essential mineral elements were supplied with the Hoagland and Arnon nº01 nutrient solution, which is deprived of NH4+. The treatments employed were low, moderate and high supplies of mineral elements (25%, 50% and 100% N) combined with the absence / presence of Co and Mo spray. The experiment was conducted in a factorial scheme with a completely randomized design and the data of growth and plant production (dry matter content and photosynthetic pigments) were analyzed by ANOVA and ANCOVA, respectively. Plant growth measures in response to treatments were studied using the ‘Scott-Knott’ procedure, and significant effects and interactions were explored by average post hoc comparisons (Tukey test). From the results, we observed that the spray of Co and Mo reduced the discrepancies between the plant growth in different availability of N. In addition, we verified that the content of photosynthetic pigments was higher with low supply of nutrients (25% N) without Co and Mo spray, which enables us to reject our null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis. Thus, we conclude that the combined foliar application of Mo and Co in different availability of N attenuated plant stress due to NO3- deficiency and NH4+ deprivation during the early stage of vegetative development of young plants of P. edulis in nursery.
Plasticidade morfológica em microalgas verdes do gênero Ankistrodesmus induzida por compostos liberados por Daphnia magna
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-12)
Andolfato, Nathan Eugeni
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Freitas, Emanuela Cristina de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8601993745082402
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Bagatini, Inessa Lacativa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3904631503604006
Phenotypic plasticity in phytoplankton can be a defense mechanism against predation, directly affecting primary producers and consumers and the food chain of aquatic ecosystems. However, morphological plasticity as a defensive mechanism is an observed induced defense in only a few groups of microalgae. Some studies have documented that the defense induced in phytoplankton can be triggered merely by the presence of products released by herbivorous microcrustaceans, the kairomones, even in the absence of the predator. However, rare studies address predation-induced morphological plasticity in the cosmopolitan green microalgae of the family Selenastraceae. In this study, we evaluated the morphological variation (length and width) in 4 different species of 8 strains of microalgae of the genus Ankistrodesmus under the effect of kairomones by a cladoceran, Daphnia magna. The results showed that the presence of kairomones released by the predator induced an increase in the length and width of the cells of most strains of Ankistrodesmus. The width increased more sharply than the length, which may be related to the orientation of cell intake by the predator. As reported in another study for an A. falcatus strain, we found no colony maintenance or cell aggregation as an important morphological plasticity. However, the results suggest that a single strain of A. fusiformis (CCMA-UFSCar 605) produced colonies in the presence of kairomones excreted by the cladoceran. Despite the differences in time, intensity of response and type of induced change, all 8 strains (4 species) of the genus Ankistrodesmus studied showed some type of phenotypic plasticity in the presence of the predator's kairomones. This is the first report of changes in Ankistrodemus cell size under the influence of zooplankton predation (kairomones). The results are important to understand the ecology of these microalgae and highlight the importance of ecological studies for a better description of the taxonomic characteristics of the coccoid green microalgae.
Modelos de Lévy de atividade infinita
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-12)
Almeida, Danila Maria Silva Fernandes de
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Pinto Júnior, Dorival Leão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9633241446303620
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8804513851154838
In this work, we present a class of pure jump Lévy processes A, with internal filtration and Itô-Lévy decomposition and we established an explicit forms for martingale representation, main component of our process. Furthermore, we propose an optimal Itô-Meyer formula for a Lévy functional and Euler-Maruyama approach scheme for a path-dependent SDE driven by A Lévy process. For that, first, we close A by a Poisson process composed of Ae , that we proved to converge strongly in B2 to A, when e ↓ 0. This result is fundamental to show that, given a supermartingale Snell envelope S, we can approach it through an imbedded discrete structure , which is the sequence of value processes, associated with S.
Fluxo de curvatura média e self-shrinkers
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-12)
Vitti, Mannaim Gennaro
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Barreto, Alexandre Paiva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3369766702725474
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6766665423506228
Mean curvature flow is a geometric flow that rises when evolving a hipersurface in the direction of its normal vector field with velocity at each point equal to the mean curvature at the very same point. As it is an evolution flow, a natural question to ask is if it becomes singular (either by losing smoothness or by degenerating). We will see that this is no rare case, so another question that we might ask is regarding the asymptotic behaviour of this evolution or, in other words, what are the hypersurfaces "shapes" when their flow approaches being singular. In his paper of 1990 "Asymptotic behaviour for singularities of the mean curvature flow", Gerard Huisken proved his monotonicity formula and, through that, under certain hypothesis, Huisken concluded that the Self Shrinkers are the hypersurfaces that models the asymptotic behaviour of the flow. This work will discuss all these questions, prove the existence and uniqueness of the mean curvature flow and will also classify the self shrinkers embedded in R3 that have a constant norm of second fundamental form.
Estudo da fisiologia do crescimento, produção de biomoléculas e fotossíntese em 30 espécies de microalgas verdes de água doce
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-12)
Camargo, Eduardo Caffagni de
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Lombardi, Ana Teresa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1351715221998491
Studies on the physiology and photosynthesis of microalgae are an essential contribution to projects aimed at carbon fixation and biomass production for commercial purposes. Green microalgae (Chlorophyta stricto sensu) comprise a vast diversity of species, yet few of them have been massively cultured. The present research aimed at screening 30 species of Chlorophyta for their growth, photochemical performance, primary production and ability to accumulate biomolecules (chlorophyll, carotenoids, proteins and carbohydrates). All cultures were kept under controlled laboratory conditions. The results showed that Chlorella sorokiniana stood out in virtually every analyzed aspect. Muriella decolor presented a significant growth rate and cell density. The accumulation of total carotenoids was substantial in Monoraphidium griffithii, Chlorolobion braunii and Curvastrum pantanale. New information was found regarding protein productivity in Hariotina reticulata and Chlorolobion lunulatum. C. lunulatum, C. pantanale, H. reticulata, Scenedesmus quadricauda and Desmodesmus spinosus are potential carbohydrate producers. The evaluation of different photochemical parameters and the estimation of the microalgae’s gross primary production (PB) were carried out through Pulse-Amplitude-Modulation (PAM) fluorometry, the main assessment tool applied in this research. C. sorokiniana, D. spinosus and D. communis stood out in terms of PB. As a consequence, they are potential organisms for carbon mitigation. Inferring PB based only on the algae’s specific growth rate, as we initially hypothesized, was found not to be possible, since both variables are moderately correlated. Nonetheless, a strong correlation between PB (under in vivo conditions) and total carbohydrate productivity was observed. Using in vivo samples was considered a more appropriate way of quantifying PB rather than adding a chlorophyll-a extraction step to the same method, since it affects the samples integrity, thus compromising the interpretation of physiological data. This study thereby provides a solid basis for researchers interested in carbon mitigation and potential biotechnological applications involving the 30 strains investigated.
Reorganização societária como forma de alavancar as atividades de pequenos produtores rurais brasileiros: um ensaio comparativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-14)
Costa, Ana Raquel Fontanetta
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Carraro, Nilton Cezar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1772319008243508
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Ramos, Paulo Henrique Bertucci
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0148103598149034
Brazilian agribusiness alone represents 21% of the Brazilian Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which is the sum of all the wealth produced in one year. Naturally, the demand for capital is equal to or even greater than other sectors due to some peculiarities, such as the time to obtain a complete cycle of production, which in this sector is called a harvest, and most properties can achieve two harvests a year. Therefore, it can be said that the operating cycle is over six months, demonstrating that the financial cycle is also long. Based on the need to generate resources and the need to leverage agricultural activities, especially small ones, this work aims to demonstrate how corporate reorganization can help small rural producers to acquire financial and material resources less cheaply. To this end, a synthesis of Brazilian agribusiness was carried out to demonstrate its composition and the level of participation in the economy, as well as a quick overview of the current technological stage employed, in addition to the number of entrepreneurs that exist in this sector. The following act demonstrated how the financial market operates concerning capital lending in Brazil and how corporate reorganizations can effectively assist economic activities, thus allowing a comparison between onerous and non-onerous capital, reaching the considerations that agribusiness suffers from a very large administrative restructuring and how most of these enterprises are raising funds does not favor their development. Therefore, this work opens up the opportunity for further studies with discussions linked to points that have now been highlighted.
Uma análise crítica da BNCC na área de Língua Portuguesa a partir das contribuições de Freire
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-15)
Fraga, Lídice Tiede
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Silva, Antonio Fernando Gouvêa da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9621931288117213
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6328648167892042
ABSTRACT FRAGA, Lídice Tiede. A Critical Analysis of the BNCC in the Portuguese Language Area from the Contributions of Freire. 2020. 89 p. (Master´s Degree in Education) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos [Federal University of São Carlos], Sorocaba campus, Sorocaba/SP, 2020. The objective of this research was to seek to understand the Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) [National Common Curricular Base] of the Portuguese Language for the final years of Elementary School, through the comparison between the general intentions of the BNCC and the specific area, using the categories of Bakhtinian and Freirean analysis: dialogism and dialogicity, and their conceptual and meaning unfolding. The objective of this work was also to investigate to what extent this document, which guides the construction of federal, state and municipal curricular, presents a theoretical-methodological discourse consistent with the contextualized concept of teaching for the adoption of a critical-dialogical pedagogical reference, committed to the construction of knowledge based on the reality of students and the voices of communities. Thus, through a qualitative approach, the analysis of the document was based on the theoretical-methodological framework of historical-dialectic materialism and Dialogical Discourse Analysis (DDA). In order to carry out the analysis, a theoretical construction was made about the history of national curriculum policies, critical and non-critical curricular conceptions, specific curriculum history of Portuguese language and explanation of the assumptions of Bakhtinians and Freireans, markers of the analytical categories listed. Still with regard to the realization of the analysis, the discourses of parts of the BNCC - general and specific part - on which the categories focused, were confronted in order to verify the enunciative coherence and whether, effectively, the basis is committed to its own educational project, based on ethical, political and aesthetic principles, of building a just society through a process of teaching and learning contextualized and dialogical. Within this perspective, this work has evidenced an internal discursive incoherence regarding the categories with radical -dialog.
Utilização de zebrafish para validação de programa computacional aplicado à análise cardíaca após administração de medicamentos cardiotônicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-15)
Motheo, Stéphanie Ferguson
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Borra, Ricardo Carneiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5655362515357840
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0867406777638908
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a vertebrate widely used as a model for laboratory tests, due to its high fertility, practical handling and low cost. The cardiac characteristics of this species, as well, as the easy absorption of substances present in the water by the tissues of different organs, makes it an excellent model for cardiotoxicity studies. Thus, the present study aims to validate a program (CardioCount v2.0) capable of detecting cardiac changes like, intervals of cardiac contraction and contraction patterns in zebrafish larvae. For this, four substances (dopamine, atropine, adrenaline and haloperidol) were selected, to which zebrafish larvae were exposed in different concentrations. Through filming, the 60 larvae with 96 hpf were anesthetized by immersion of 0.7 M tricaine methanesulfonat, filmed and analyzed for variations in heart rate, entropy and possible cardiotoxicity, with 1% DMSO as control. Tests performed with dopamine showed a significant change in the concentration of 2.5 µM with respect to entropy; in the case of adrenaline, all doses resulted in an increase in HR except for 1.0 µM; with respect to atropine, at the dose of 2.50 µM there was an increase in entropy and, in the test with haloperidol, there was a greater dispersion of effects and a greater dependence on the concentration value, with a decrease in heart rate at doses of 2, 5 and 20 µM and in changing entropy with concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 µM. The analysis based on cardiac frequency and entropy parameters quantified in zebrafish larvae, using the computer program CardioCount v.2.0 allowed to quickly and accurately detect cardiological effects of the following drugs: dopamine, adrenaline, atropine and haloperidol.
Avaliação do desempenho de cultivares de alface em sistema hidropônico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-15)
Henrique, Allan Gabriel Soares
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Bianchini, Flávio Gabriel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4178478588502700
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2710403044098165
This paper’s main goal was to evaluate the performance of different lettuce cultivars in a hydroponic cultivation system. The lettuces were divided in two groups, "crespa" and "americana", where the cultivars Milena, Palmas, Gran Rapids, Lucy Brow, Delicia Americana and Mayumi were studied. The lettuce seedlings were cultivated in 288 cell trays in a protect environment. The experiment took place in Piraju – SP, in the production area in Chácara Pingo de Ouro. After the seedling production, the plants were transplanted to the nursery stage, where they stayed for 14 days until the transplantion to the final stage and then harvest. After the harvest, the number of leaves, total weight of fresh mass, length and total weight of the roots’ fresh mass and stalk length were measured. Then it was possible to realize that the cultivars of crespa’s group were superior in number of leaves, and Milena and Palmas varieties stood out. The stalk length of the varieties of americana’s group was lower than crespa’s group, specially the Lucy Brown variety. The roots length of the cultivars Milena and Lucy Brow showed the biggest length, and both were statistically equal. The last evaluated variable, the fresh mass of aerial part, the Lucy Brown variety was superior than the others, weighing on average 416,6 grams, followed by Palmas from crespa’s group, 407,0 grams.
Regulação e governança participativa no Brasil: processos, práticas e atores nas agências reguladoras de saneamento básico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-16)
Oliva, Gustavo Martins de
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Vargas, Marcelo Coutinho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8869018482093008
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0309557662423084
This research analyzes political and institutional elements of the regulation of public basic sanitation services. Evaluates the quality of an essential component of governance – participatory dimension – from two complementary approaches: the implementation level of structures and practices aimed at the participation of stakeholders and the presence of actors in the arenas of participation promoted by the regulatory agencies. To measure the level of participatory governance, a survey was applied with the agencies, based on the composite indicators of a project developed by the OECD - Indicators of Regulatory Policy and Governance (iREG), and to identify the actors present in the arenas for participation, public consultations, hearings and councils existing at the agencies were analyzed. Given the data collected, the research sought to verify the correlation between the level of participatory governance and the presence of actors in the regulatory process, such as those that represent the environmental protection, health promotion, defense of consumers and access by low-income communities to basic sanitation services. It is, therefore, a matter of verifying whether the implementation of participation structures and practices in the agencies promotes the inclusion of these actors and interests in the regulatory process. The research is characterized as a cross-sectional observational study and used comparative and statistical methods. It sought to verify similarities and differences between the Sanitation Regulatory Agencies, using the year 2018 as a period, and making causal inferences through statistical tests.
Kafka educador: um estudo sobre a frieza formativa por meio das narrativas animais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-18)
Telles, Rodrigo Ferreira
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Gomes, Luiz Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4768579559449929
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0240286771650323
This doutoral thesis stablishes a dialog between education and literature to aim enlarge the perspectives over academic training. We live in a time with easy access to the information and several scientific and technological advances that could indicate overcoming inequality and social injustices. However, what is observed is a growing apathy, insensitivity and coldness that unviables the perceptions of the contradictions that organize society. Thus, we could discuss the following problem: how can we think education inside a context that coldness impacts the formation process and the indifference in one another? Aiming analysing the aesthetic-formative potencial of Franz Kafka literature, as a way to overpass this coldness. Analysing Franz Kafka writings bounds animality thematic, that can be understood as a questioning to the human being that refuses coldness practices. Kafka, tension rationality and imagination, expand a perception over reality, revealing his contradictions and paradoxes. This research has a bibliographic nature to analyse the texts “Letter to his Father” (Brief an den Vater), “The Metamorphosis” (Die Verwandlung), "The Burrow" (Der Bau), and "A Report to an Academy" (Ein Bericht für eine Akademie), for the purpose to show elements that allow comprehend human formation. The analysis is done about a dialog between the authors of Critical Theory of Society, with Max Horkheimer, Walter Benjamin, Theodor Adorno, Andreas Gruschka and commentators, Günther Anders, Elias Canetti, Gustav Janouch, Ernest Pawel, Michael Löwy and Modesto Carone. Through a constelatory proceeding, this paper presents formative categories, that emerge from Kafka`s work, and collaborate to resist to formative coldness; analysing authoritary practices that cooperates to feed coldness; points out how the lack of sensibilization process caused by coldness can end in forgetting the other; refletes the life limits that adapts to cultural and economia organization, without recognizing the contradictions caused by coldness; discusses the loss of empty experiences and scars of a pathologic time made by coldness. This way this thesis demonstrates as a result, that Kafkas literature contribute to a construction of an anti-authoritarian education, that worth the dialog and break the formative hardness that generates insensitivity and coldness; collaborates in the production of an education of sensitivity and gives greater attention to life and differences; encourages resistance to a mediocre life that adapts to social injustices; values memory as a way of not forgetting past tragedies. From the Kafkaesque writings, we can enlarge our understanding of formative categories, such as: authority, sensitivity, emancipation, memory, which are central to the creation of educational paths and which allow us to break with cold practices.
Classificação etnopedológica dos solos e relação com a capacidade de uso das terras agrícolas no município de Campina do Monte Alegre - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-18)
Fernandes, Amanda Augusta
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Vilela, Laíze Aparecida Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8984427782760103
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7253432884344960
Integrating empirical and scientific knowledge on the soil enables the construction of a more comprehensive thought, since both local and scientific knowledge are complementary. Thus, this research aimed to identify and qualify the empirical knowledge of farmers in the municipality of Campina do Monte Alegre-SP on the classification and agricultural use of soils and to relate it to the Brazilian Soil Classification System and to the classification of land use capacity. In order to carry out the ethnopedological research, 20 agricultural areas were sampled and 17 farmers interviewed. The methodology consisted of the following steps: 1) preparation of the semi-structured script and conducting the interviews; 2) sampling and morphological description of the soils; 3) systematization and content analysis of the interviews; 4) elaboration of maps. It was found that the main ethnopedological attributes used by farmers were color, texture, consistency, fertility, acidity, organic matter and indicator plants. For the formal classification, the Brazilian Soils Classification System was used as a reference. Five ethnopedological classes and their respective soil classes were raised “Terra Vermelha or Campo” (Ferralsols and Lixisols); “Terra Roxa” (Nitisols); “Terra Branca” (Plinthsols and Gleysols); “Terra de Areia” (Lixisols, Acrisols or Alisols) and the ethnopedological class “Terra de Cultura” (Chernozems). The ethnopedological classes “Terra Vermelha or Campo” and “Terra Roxa” prodominated in the agricultural areas visited, they were classified by classes and subclasses II e,s and III e,s of land use capacity, according to the manual for utility surveying and land classification in the use capacity system.
Concentração bancária no Brasil: trajetórias e conversão de capitais dos conselheiros administrativos dos cinco maiores bancos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-18)
Vila, Marcio Luis
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Sacomano Neto, Mário
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0000793038362058
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141344966428327
This research analyzed banking concentration in Brazil after the Plano Real implementation in 1994, and how the five largest banks (financial groups) increased their market share, after the insertion of government programs for the privatization of state banks and the restructuring of financial institutions. The trajectory and the capital of board members fromthe five major banks were also evaluated. The objective of research was to analyze longitudinally the banking concentration in Brazil from the Plano Real, to identify the professional trajectory of the directors and what capitals were invested during their careers, as well as the conversion of these capitals, according to Bourdieu's theory. This study used qualitative methodological approach, the research took place through documents analysis, historical and descriptive, with use of prosopography as an investigation technique. Were used data from the five largest financial groups operating in the Brazilian territory, namely: Banco do Brasil, Caixa Econômica Federal, Itaú-Unibanco, Bradesco and Santander, as well as the members of respective Boards of Directors. The main results of the research show the three private banks in the study have expanded their leadership positions through mergers and acquisitions, while state-owned banks, having the government seal, managed to keep up with the largest private banks. The Plano Real and the 2008 Financial Crisis were the biggest tests the banks faced, and as a result we saw an increase in equity and net income surpassing historical series. Regarding the trajectory of the Board members, three types were identified, namely: “De carreira”, a trajectory in which the professionals worked for a lifetime in the institution; “Familiar”, are the professional heirs of the founding families; and “De Mercado”, where most professionals located, are specialists / technicians with long experience in other institutions.
Influence of Bobbin Tool Friction Stir Welding (BT-FSW) variants on the microstructure and properties of AA2060 and AA2196 aluminum alloys
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-18)
Carvalho, Joana Amaral de
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Zepon, Guilherme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614
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Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
In order to reduce total costs in aircrafts production, operation and maintenance, materials and processing techniques have been continuously further optimized. In this scenario, aluminum-lithium alloys have been studied due to its mechanical properties, low density and higher fatigue crack growth resistance compared to others aluminum alloys and steels. However, joining technologies usually applied in these alloys present limitations regarding uniformity, energy input and production costs. Since welding processes may not require any material additions such as rivets used in the mechanical fastening techniques conventionally used in joining aircrafts parts, it can contribute in saving structural weight. The aim of this research is to compare and understand the effect of two different methods of bobbin tool friction stir welding (BT-FSW), Self-Reacting BT-FSW (SRBT-FSW) and Stationary (upper) Shoulder BT-FSW (SSuBT-FSW) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 3 mm thick aluminum-lithium alloys ( AA2060 and AA2196) plates in butt joint. In addition, the study of the influence of energy input on bobbin tool friction stir welding (BT-FSW) was evaluated to understand the effect of the parameters on the alloys. Defect free welds have been produced featuring a high-quality surface finish on the stationary side. In general, the self-reacting variant enabled welding with faster welding speeds than the SSuBT-FSW technique, which was the reason for lower energy input on SRBT-FSW. The influence of the processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of different regions of the produced joint was evaluated by means of optical microscopy (OM), hardness testing and tensile testing. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed to evaluate the influence of variants on precipitate evolution. Superior results were achieved welding AA2060 and AA2196 using SRBT-FSW- low energy input, reaching up to 78% of ultimate tensile strength of base metal.
Caracterização de azeites de oliva produzidos no Brasil e monitoramento da sua qualidade oxidativa durante o armazenamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-19)
Berto, Bruna Maira
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Pereira, Gustavo das Graças
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6055750211001915
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1785960773537442
Olive oil stands out among lipid sources due to its appreciated sensory characteristics and for the beneficial health effects linked to its consumption. However, during the storage and/or use of this oil, together with the formation of oxidation products, the loss of compounds with bioactive properties can occur. Therefore, the objective of this work is to characterize olive oils of national origin and to monitor their oxidative degradation during storage. The experimental part of the work was divided into three stages. The first consisted of characterizing two olive oil samples produced in Brazil (AO SP and AO RS) in terms of identity and quality parameters. After characterization, these samples were subjected to oxidation under usual storage conditions (room temperature) for 6 months. Samples were collected at different time intervals and analyzed for oxidative and quality parameters. In the last stage, a shelf-life study of one of the olive oil samples was conducted. Results allowed the identification of the majority and minority components present in the two samples of national olive oil evaluated in the present work. The main differences observed were that the AO SP sample had a higher oleic acid content, but lower in palmitic acid than the AO RS sample. Regarding the quality parameters, both national oils met the specifications of national legislation. From the oxidation procedure at room temperature, it was possible to observe that both commercial olive oils deteriorated rapidly, mainly due to the high formation of hydroperoxides. Finally, changes in oxidative and quality parameters were lower in the shelf-life study compared to oxidation conducted with exposure to air and light.
Diamante dopado com boro como um possível suporte de eletrocatalisador de PEMFC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-19)
Mattoso, Samuel Henrique
;
Rocha Filho, Romeu Cardozo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5200717413563550
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7021437753063259
Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are promising candidates for the green conversion of hydrogen into electric energy. A considerable problem pre-venting the large-scale applications of PEMFCs is the inadequate durability of the supported electrocatalyst layer. Carbon blacks (CBs) such as Vulcan XC-72 are commonly used as the carbon support, however its stability is limiting for long term PEMFC use. CB in the cathode is oxidized in the PEMFC start and stop cycles, detaching the Pt nanoparticles and promoting their agglomeration, which leads to performance loss. This degradation is due to the high potentials caused by fuel starvation and to the accelerated corrosion rate induced by the Pt catalysts. Boron-doped diamond (BDD) has interesting properties, such as high chemical and thermal stability, that make it desirable as a PEMFC electrocatalyst support material. The most widespread method for producing BDD is chemical vapor dep-osition (CVD), since it is efficient in dopant control and makes diamond with consistent characteristics. The physicochemical and electrical properties of BDD are affected by the amount of non-diamond carbon (NDC) present in the diamond matrix, by the grain size and by the boron doping. All of this in turn are controlled by the CVD conditions that are employed, such as source gas mixture ratios and deposition pressure/power. BDD can be synthesized as a film or a powder; the latter is most wanted for energy applications as it has a higher surface area. BDD particles can be synthesized by a core-shell approach, in which a powder sub-strate, such as nanodiamond or glassy carbon, is coated with a layer of BDD. The BDD overlayer can be observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which allows the assessment of the particles’ morphology. Raman spectroscopy is widely used for evaluation of the BDD microstructure, as BDD materials have a wide range of Raman spectra that correlate with the amount of NDC, grain size and defect density. SEM and Raman spectroscopy enable the distinction of sp2 and sp3 bonded carbon domains, which allows the correlation of the BDD mate- 6 rials’ microstructure with the observed electrochemical properties. These proper-ties can be evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, in which redox peaks may be ob-served due to the presence of NDC. Additionally, redox probes such as [Fe(CN)6]3–/4– can be used, with the electrochemical response being sensitive to the surface or electronic properties of BDD. Anodic polarization is used to analyze the stability of the powders, as less-stable powders show more extensive oxida-tion. Finally, it is possible to attach Pt nanoparticles to BDD to test their viability as electrocatalyst support. After attachment of the Pt nanoparticles, it is possible to evaluate the performance and durability of the potential BDD supports with the previously mentioned electrochemical techniques and with accelerated long-term stability tests.
Mulheres da aroeira e o trabalho associado: ações organizativas de extrativistas em Piaçabuçu, Alagoas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-19)
Maciel, Kleciane Nunes
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Barbosa, Luciano Celso Brandão Guerreiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7328141879157135
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Bergamasco, Sonia Maria Pessoa Pereira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8863899187043019
The present dissertation had as general objective to identify the actions of women's organizational strategies and socioeconomic reproduction strategies of the “Associação Aroeira” in the municipality of Piaçabuçu, Alagoas, in the context of associated work. It is a study case, characterized with an exploratory and descriptive research, whose approach used is the quali-quantitative. The methodological path was based on the semi-structured interview, documentary research and direct observation. The data collected were analyzed primarily from the qualitative analysis. The results of this investigation indicate that the social organization of women extractivists was fundamental for the construction of a self-managed scio-productive system, which in turn, still has problems inherent to self-management that must be overcome to reach higher levels of cooperativism and strengthening organizational. However, associated work presents itself as a strategy for the socioeconomic reproduction of extractivist women in the “Associação Aroeira” expanding job opportunities and creation of income, mainly promoting greater social engagement, the achievement of gains in they self-esteem, financial independence and the autonomy of women. Therefore, it is concluded that associativism enabled the satisfaction of needs inherent in the living conditions of rural women so important regarding the improvement of the income level and economic conditions. The practice ecological aspects of the extraction of aroeira and the accumulation of knowledge of the activity in the region have also made it possible for these women to be immersed in an environment that generates a situation of greater sustainability. This one factor is essential for conserving local biodiversity and structuring the adopted socio-productive system.
Análise das caraterísticas do abstencionista eleitoral nas eleições nacionais, revisão ao nível municipal no período de 2018
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-19)
Di Domenico, Nicol Andrea
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Milanese, Juan Pablo
;
http://scienti.colciencias.gov.co:8081/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000481033
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Ribeiro, Pedro José Floriano
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6336151484882362
Colombia es un país que se ha encontrado en situación de conflicto armado interno desde hace más de 50 años, escenarios que han sucedido de la mano de los procesos de construcción del estado, incidiendo naturalmente en la formación del ciudadano político, lo cual visto desde la óptica de participación electoral ha generado un impacto el cual no puede ser catalogado como negativo, hoy por hoy con la implementación de los Acuerdos de paz ha quedado en evidencia que la indiferencia de los ciudadanos frente a los procesos democráticos del país está influenciado por variables que van más allá del conflicto, en los sesenta (60) años que los colombianos han elegido al cuerpo ejecutivo mediante elecciones los índices de abstencionismo han fluctuado entre el 40% y el 66% lo que nos deja a puertas de preguntar ¿Cuáles son las razones del abstencionismo electoral en Colombia después de los acuerdos de paz del 2016?, por tanto este trabajo de investigación busco esclarecer las características de los tipos diferentes de perfiles de los no votantes colombianos, con base al análisis de las elecciones presidenciales del 2018, observado desde el nivel municipal, concluyendo que algunas de las razones de los altos índices de abstencionismo electoral y el perfil de ese abstencionista están directamente relacionadas con variables de tipo demográfico entre ellas vivir en zonas rurales, traduciendo esto en una desafección política producto de la baja influencia nacional en los sectores más alejados