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Left ventricular geometry in COPD patients: are there associations with airflow limitation, functional capacity, and grip strength?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09) Heubel, Alessandro Domingues; Roscani, Meliza Goi; Kabbach, Erika Zavaglia; Agnoleto, Aline Galvão; Camargo, Patrícia Faria; Santos, Polliana Batista dos; Silva, Audrey Borghi; Mendes, Renata Gonçalves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0268406461810882; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1298051150234135; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4456979306195044; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6832121138848128; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8975177658472167; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9224940191005426; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9634590922242052
Estudo da distribuição dos reforços em muros portantes de solos reforçados com geossintéticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-01) Mafia, Guilherme de Avila; Portelinha, Fernando Henrique Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0791082339645058; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9605526363956508
Geosynthetic-reinforced structures have been applied to compose bridge abutments carrying loads from bridge structures. In this application, reinforced soil structures have been constructed using reduced spacing between geosynthetic reinforcements in comparison to the conventional reinforced soil walls. Therefore, there are many issues when using this technique that must be assessed to provide cost saving and proper performances mainly regarding the reinforcement arrangements inside the reinforced soil mass. The present study evaluates the performance of a load-carrying geosynthetic reinforced soil structure using different arrangements of reinforcements. A numerical simulation using a finite element modeling was conducted with the computational program Plaxis 8.2. Different methods for the stiffening of the GRS structure were adopted including: (1) use of significantly rigid geosynthetics with relatively high vertical spacing between reinforcements; (2) use of reduced spacing between reinforcements but with less rigid reinforcements; (3) use of secondary reinforcements with reduced lengths. In addition, the use of non-uniform configuration of reinforcements were also assessed in the present study. Results show that using rigid geosynthetics with high vertical spacing led to an improvement on the structure performance but limited to a certain value of secant stiffness. Using a remarkably high stiffness geosynthetic not necessarily resulted in very low settlements and deformation. The use of reduced vertical spacing between relatively flexible reinforcements demonstrated a significant improvement in performance similar to that obtained with larger spacing but higher reinforcement stiffness. However, this approach led to lower levels of loads mobilized by reinforcements. Regarding the use non-uniform configurations of reinforcements, the use of high stiffness reinforcements at a third of the structure height (from the top) was sufficient to reduced settlements and lateral deformations to acceptable levels. On the other hand, the reduced vertical spacing must be applied to the half of the height. However, use significantly lower stiffness of geosynthetic reinforcement, leading to a considerable cost savings. The use of secondary reinforcements replacing the reduced vertical spacing technique (half of wall height) demonstrated to be similar efficient to improve the structure performance.
Análise da alfabetização científica no ensino de fitoterápicos por meio de uma sequência didática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-02) Fernandes Neto, Larissa Soares; Lupetti, Karina Omuro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198051111079064; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2193551911085295
The use of herbal medicines as a form of treatment or complement to health care is a practice that is quite present in the world population. In Brazil, the difficult access of people to health services, the high cost of industrialized medicines and the idea of using natural products that are less harmful, contribute to the growing demand for herbal medicines. However, caution is necessary, as medicinal plants have chemical substances that can cause unexpected reactions and drug interactions, which implies information and care with their administration. As they are over-the-counter products, they are subject to self-medication and pharmaceutical guidance, and it is necessary updated scientific information about their safety and effectiveness by professionals. This project have aimed to promote scientific literacy involving herbal medicines and their concepts. With the application of a planned and selected didactic sequence with varied resources, such as expository and dialogued classes, experimental, text discussion and research, for students of the technical course of pharmacy at ETEC Francisco Garcia in Mococa/SP. Data collection was performed using observational and participatory methodology, and the analysis of the research was carried out based on qualitative analysis. The students have shown learning of the contents, identification of technical-scientific terms, and development of criticality and were encouraged to seek continuous scientific updating, which promoted the training of professionals able to the job market and capable of proposing improvements around them.
A influência do treinamento físico em ratos espontaneamente hipertensos tratados com dexametasona: contribuição dos microRNAs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-02) Herrera, Naiara Araújo; Cardoso, Sandra Lia do Amaral; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2030708742766455; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0539590036930541
Hypertension (HT) is a multifactorial disease characterized by elevated and sustained blood pressure (BP), which can be primary or secondary. Dexamethasone (DEX) is a synthetic glucocorticoid and its chronic use causes hypertension. Hypertension exacerbation induced by DEX on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) could increase mortality risk. Microvascular rarefaction is present in both primary and DEX-induced hypertension and it is associated with angiogenic/apoptotic pathway unbalance. More recently, microRNA has been considered important in determining the genesis of spontaneous hypertension, however, their role in DEX-induced hypertension in SHR has not been investigated. Conversely, physical training (T) has been recommended as a co-adjuvant for the HT treatment. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether physical training is able to attenuate blood pressure increase in SHR treated with DEX and whether if this effect is associated with changes in microRNA related to microcirculation . Normotensive (Wistar) and hypertensive (SHR) rats underwent 8 weeks of T on a treadmill (60% of maximum capacity, 5 days a week, 1 hour a day) or kept sedentary. During 14 days, after 8 weeks of physical training, animals were treated with DEX (50µg / kg of body weight per day, s.c.) or saline. Blood pressure measurement and spectral analysis were performed after DEX treatment. Subsequently, tibialis anterior muscle and left ventricle were removed and processed for capillary density and capillary-to-fiber ratio evaluation, as well as VEGF, AKT, p-AKT, eNOS, Bcl-2, capase-3-cleaved proteins levels and microRNA-16, 21, 126, 155, 221 and 222 expression. In Wistar rats, DEX increased blood pressure (+27%), caused an autonomic imbalance to the heart, reduced capillary density and capillary-to-fiber ratio on tibialis anterior muscle associated with VEGF, p-AKT / AKT, Bcl-2 reduction and caspase-3-cleaved increase. Training attenuated blood pressure (-10%) increase and autonomic imbalance to the heart and prevented capillary density and capillary-to-fiber ratio reduction on tibialis anterior muscle associated with microRNA 126 increase and with a better balance between VEGF, p-AKT/AKT, Bcl-2 and caspase-3-cleaved levels. In SHRs, training reduced blood pressure and increased tibialis anterior muscle and left ventricle capillary density and capillary-to-fiber ratio. Thus, exercise training attenuates hypertension induced by DEX in Wistar rats due to autonomic imbalance attenuation and microcirculation rarefaction prevention associated with microRNA 126 increase. T, per se, induced myocardium angiogenesis associated with microRNA 126 increase, regardless DEX treatment. In addition, T reduced H in SHR, regardless DEX treatment, due to autonomic balance and microcirculation improvement. DEX did not exacerbate hemodynamic and microcirculation alteration already present in SHR.
Bolhas especulativas e toxicidade no mercado futuro de milho brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-03) Souza, Gabriela Beatriz de; Cruz Júnior, José César; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0086426315229286; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0012418931320572; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2091-5405; Silva Júnior, Geraldo Edmundo; Capitani, Daniel Henrique Dario; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5138808982229139; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7108245336327043
Speculative bubbles and toxicity in the Brazilian corn market are presented as the object of research in this study. In the face of the continuous expansion in corn production in Brazil and in the world, speculators have found in the commodity futures markets an investment alternative that is unrelated to the traditional sectors of the financial market, causing a “financialization” of commodities. In view of this, this work proposed to analyze whether such movements caused speculative bubbles in the Brazilian corn futures market. For this purpose, the settlement prices of the contract with maturity in September 2019 were used, as it is the most liquid compared to the others, traded on the B3 futures and commodities exchange. The BSADF test was used to identify the moments when prices have moved away from their fundamental values. In addition, aiming to understand how the presence of informed agents cause an imbalance in the market, making the flow of business toxic, a metric based on turnover, the VPIN, was applied to intraday prices. To understand the origins of bubble formation in the corn futures market, a logit binomial model was estimated. A total of 25 days with presence of bubbles were identified in the period, concentrated in October 2018 and in the months of April and May 2019. In view of the low volume of negotiations, results for the VPIN were obtained only after the month of March. The results of the logit model indicate that the variables VPIN, risk and spread are determining factors in the emergence of rational bubbles that periodically collapse. Since the presence of bubbles combined with a toxic flow of orders reduces the efficiency of the future market in offering protection in times of high volatility, it is of great importance that agents, generally producers, can identify price disturbances and what reasons away from their fundamental values.
O processo de expansão urbana e seus impactos na Estação Ecológica de Ribeirão Preto, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-03) Abreu, Emanoele Lima; Saquy, Sammy Dutra; Fernandes, Pedro Henrique de Godoy; Jesus, Silvia Cristina de; Catojo, Adriana Maria Zalla; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1167798136607835; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-1368
Embora os instrumentos normativos de planejamento urbano incluam a avaliação de impacto ambiental, há uma flexibilização dessas leis devido a interesses públicos e privados que têm objetivos contrários às políticas ambientais. No município de Ribeirão Preto, a produção de café e cana-de-açúcar tem contribuído para a fragmentação da vegetação nativa, reduzida a 6% da área municipal (4.200 ha). A Estação Ecológica de Ribeirão Preto (EERP) é o maior remanescente nativo (155 ha) e sofre pressões por estar localizada no meio urbano. Este trabalho investigou a pressão urbana na Zona de Amortecimento (ZA) e sua relação com as mudanças no Plano Diretor (PD) e leis complementares. Os mapas de cobertura da terra (2010 e 2017) também foram analisados com o objetivo de quantificar a conversão de florestas nativas para usos antrópicos, mostrando uma intensa expansão urbana na ZA no período analisado. Por outro lado, a legislação urbanística-ambiental municipal evoluiu, visto que a MP anterior (datada de 1995) abordou o meio ambiente de maneira específica mas foi modificada na lei de 2018, que tenta integrar o zoneamento urbano à zona de amortecimento a fim de tornar o uso do solo compatível com o Plano de Manejo da EERP.
Influência da adição de cério na resistência à corrosão e efeito de memória de forma em ligas Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni-(Ce)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-03) Baroni, Luis Felipe Sverzut; Sordi, Vitor Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8364164402481940; Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3337645782698117
The interest in scientific and technological development of Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni shape memory alloys is increasing in the last years. The improvement of key properties of theses alloys should enable its use in different applications, such as prestressing concrete structures in civil engineering area. In this context, the present work assesses the cerium (Ce) addition to determine its possible benefits in enhancing both corrosion protection in alkaline media and shape memory effect (SME). The studied experimental alloys were subjected to 0.18%, 0.42% and 0.96% (wt%) of Ce addition, and results were compared to a standard Ce-free alloy. The characterization of such alloys reveals that Ce addition is responsible for a grain size reduction as well as the increase and morphological change in second phase particles. The discussion of the results correlates these microstructural modifications with electrochemical results and SME. Regarding corrosion properties, all samples presented similar passive behaviors in simulated pore solution in absence of chloride ions. When Cl- was added, the sample with 0.18% was the only one to maintain its passivity while other samples showed a major increase in passive corrosion density, indicating a worse stability of the passive film. Pit potential and EIS results showed that the addition of 0.18% of Ce was sufficient to enhance corrosion protection by both changing MnS inclusion morphology and increasing the surface film corrosion protection properties, although it was not high enough to promote oxide, sulfides and intermetallic particles that increases localized corrosion appearance. In terms of shape recovery ratio, an increase in samples with 0.18% and 0.42% of Ce was observed, although there was a reduction in sample with 0.96%. The reduction might be explained by the inhomogeneous microstructure due to the formation of coarse inclusion particles. Finally, the sample with 0.42% presented the best SME results.
Efeito do treinamento resistido sobre o coeficiente de controle de fluxo (FCC) da cadeia respiratória mitocondrial do músculo gastrocnêmio de ratas ovariectomizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-03) Scarlato, Gabriel Carlos Goulart; Shiguemoto, Gilberto Eiji; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9885031162656978; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8582739519903360
Introduction: Menopause is a marked naturalistic process of female aging, resulting from the progressive decrease in the production of the main ovarian sex hormones permanently. The drop in the production of ovarian estrogens has a negative effect on the striated skeletal muscle system, making women more susceptible to developing sarcopenia. In search of knowledge about the phenomena that occur in the post-menopausal period and their mechanisms of action, models of ovarian removal in rats (OVX) are widely used as an experimental model of menopause induction, effectively reproducing the deleterious effects observed in menopause. The number of studies that have investigated the effect on the functioning of the electron transport chain (CTE) and its relationship with ANT-1 gene expression in OVX rats is limited, as well as the effects of resistance training (TR) intervention in this context. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of resistance training on the functioning of protein complexes in the respiratory chain during coupled and uncoupled breathing in the experimental model of ovariectomized rats, as well as the ANT-1 gene expression. Materials and Methods: In this study, 40 adult Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 4 experimental groups: INT-SED, INT-TR, OVX-SED and OVX-TR. Ovariectomy was performed in the 13th week of life of these animals. The RT model performed was the stair climbing, lasting 22 weeks. The body tissues of interest were analyzed after euthanasia, which occurred 48 hours after the last training session. Oxygen consumption (O2) and mitochondrial respiratory parameters were performed on tissue biopsy of the Gastrocnemius muscle using the High Resolution Respirometry technique (Oroboros®). The titrations to establish the Flow Control Coefficient (FCC) were performed at ANT, at the Phosphate Exchanger and at the ATP-Synthase. Results: Ovarietomy negatively affected the functioning efficiency of ANT-1 and ATP synthase in the sedentary group (OVX-SED). Regarding oxygen consumption, in the coupled respiratory state (E3) there was a significant decrease in the consumption of the OVX-SED group compared to the other 3 groups, an effect reversed by the resistance training adopted in the study; both trained groups obtained excellent FCC values and oxygen consumption at E3. Conclusion: We conclude that ovariectomy promotes a decrease in the efficiency of the FCC of ANT and ATP-Synthase of the gastrocnemius muscle of sedentary OVX rats, as well as promoting a decrease in oxygen consumption at E3. An RT program is potentially capable of preventing these harmful responses and maintaining mitochondrial function in physiological conditions.
Envolvimento de neurotransmissões angiotensinérgicas no núcleo medial da amídala nas respostas cardiovasculares e ansiogênica ao estresse de restrição em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-04) Costa-Ferreira, Willian; Crestani, Carlos Cesar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1117432571971568; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1826719696228199
Limbic structures participate in the control of physiological responses related to stress, and the medial amigdaloid nucleus (MeA) has been demonstrated as an area of the central nervous system involved in the control these responses. The angiotensin II, acting on the AT1 receptor, has been shown to be an important signaling mechanism in the central nervous system involved in the etiology of behavioral changes and in the physiological adjustments observed during aversive situations, whereas the AT2 receptor and the angiotensin 1-7/Mas receptor neutranmission acts as a mechanism against regulation of the AT1 receptor. Thus, the hypothesis of our work was that cardiovascular and anxiogenic changes to restraint stress (RS) are modulated by angiotensin II/ AT1 receptor, AT2 and angiotensin 1-7 / Mas receptor neurotransmission in the AMe. In the characterization the role of angiotensinergic neurotransmissions in the MeA in the baroreflex control activity in non-stressed animals indicated that the AT2 receptor in MeA plays an inhibitory role in the tachycardia reflex response, but without affecting bradycardia reflex; whereas the Mas receptor has a facilitating influence on both tachycardia and bradycardia reflex. In experiments on cardiovascular function of exposure to a 10-days of RS, this protocol caused an increase in arterial pressure baseline, facilitated tachycardic reflex and impaired spontaneous baroreflex activity. The animals treated with losartan attenuated tachycardia reflex, whereas the other changes were not affected by treatments. In the experiment comparing the effects of the MeA pharmacological treatments with angiotensinergic receptors agonists and antagonists on cardiovascular responses during an acute session and the 10th RS session, we found that repeated exposure to RS abolished facilitation of tachycardic response caused by the treatment of the MeA with angiotensin II and losartan in acute stressed animals. The tachycardic reduction caused by A-779 and the pressor response in animals treated with PD123319 in animals that were acutely stressed, was inhibited after repeated exposure to RS. In addition, repeated exposure to RS reversed the reduction in tachycardic response caused by MeA treatment with PD123319 seen in acutely stressed animals. Was not observed effect on facilitation of the tachycardic response after repeated exposure to RS by angiontensin 1-7 microinjection in the MeA. The reduction in the skin's tail temperature was greater in chronically stressed animals, and only treatment with PD123319 inhibited this facilitation. In the anxiogenic response, animals that went through an acute session showed behavioral of the anxiogenic type, and treatments with angiotensin II, losartan and angiotensin 1-7 inhibited this effect. Anxiogenic effect was also observed 24h after the 9th restraint session, and without additional five minutes after the 10th restraint session. In addition, the pharmacological treatments of the MeA did not cause any behavioral changes in the EPM in animals repeatedly exposed to RS. Finally, we identified that repeated exposure to RS increased the expression of the AT1 receptor and decreased the expression of the Mas receptor in the MeA. In short, our data support an involvement of RAS present in MeA in the control of cardiovascular and behavioral responses to stress, and this control seems to beinfluenced by previous experience with the stressor.
O sentido de pertença de adolescentes ao ambiente escolar e sua interface com o apoio social e a saúde mental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-04) Lourenço, Mariana Santos De Giorgio; Cid, Maria Fernanda Barboza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8595043315867424; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0860411681732717
The sense of belonging has been discussed by several authors as one of the basic needs of human beings, involving cognitive, emotional, behavioral, health and well-being processes. It can be understood from a sociological perspective, which involves social organization in groups, and from a psychological perspective, where the debate about the sense of belonging comes from an individual's internal affective process, in a relationship between himself and others. Regarding the sense of belonging of adolescents, there is a growing interest studying the topic, focusing on the school context, which have shown relationships between the feeling of belonging to the school and the engagement in academic activities and social relations. However, there are few Brazilian studies about this subject but there are signs indicating the need for further investigations that expand the understanding of this phenomenon, relating it to other factors such as the perceived social support, mental health and social participation of this population, especially in the school environment. In this sense, the present study aimed to identify the sense of belonging of adolescents in relation to the school context and to investigate possible relationships between the sense of belonging, social support and mental health, with the specific objectives: a) understand the adolescents' perception about how they feel in the different activities and dynamics performed in the school context; b) understand the perception of adolescents regarding how they feel in the school environment; and c) identify which elements the adolescents perceive as facilitators and hinders of their sense of belonging at school. The study was carried out with 171 adolescents from 13 to 15 years old, enrolled in the 8th and 9th years of the Elementary School of Public Schools in Sorocaba, a city in the interior of São Paulo State. For this, a quantitative and qualitative methodology was used, with the application of four instruments for data collection, namely: 1) Sociodemographic characterization form; 2) Flexible tool ‘What works for you? Difficulties and support at school’; 3) Social Support Appraisals - SSA; and 4) Skills and Difficulties Questionnaire - SDQ. The analysis of the quantitative data was performed using descriptive and correlational statistics and the qualitative data obtained in the open questions of the questionnaire ‘What works for you? Difficulties and support at school 'were analyzed using the Categorical Analysis, based on parameters previously established from the theoretical framework used. The results obtained show that 48.5% of the participants report feeling part of the school always or normally. 35.7% say that they sometimes feel part of it. About the facilities they find and that help in the sense of belonging to school, the adolescents mention the respectful relationship with colleagues and employees, having the support of friends, participating in exhibitions, works and cultural presentations, as well as organizing and participating in parties and events, participate in school projects and the recognition they receive from teachers and staff. In relation to the difficulties, the adolescents addressed the open questions and pointed out issues such as the relationship with colleagues, teachers or employees, bullying and individual difficulties, such as shyness, learning problems and those related to mental health. Regarding the statistical analyzes of correlation carried out, it was found that the more social support the participants perceive, the more they feel they belong to the school and the less they have difficulties related to mental health. The study advances the knowledge produced about the feeling of belonging, in general, focusing on the adolescent population linked to the school context, indeed, in Brazil the study of this theme is incipient. It also advances by valuing the voice of the adolescents themselves in the debate, which present paths that can be considered in the development of participatory strategies to be implemented in different schools, aiming at fostering more teaching-learning and citizen training processes effective and less harmful to the mental health of this population and that, therefore, favor the feeling of belonging.
Promoção de saúde mental para jovens pré-vestibulandos, utilizando ciclo de intervenções psicoeducacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-08) Freitas, Stephane de Paiva; Bleicher, Taís; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9075358493860166; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5228954763137512
The study aimed to discuss the influences of psychoeducational interventions on the prevalence of common mental disorders aiming the promotion of mental health in pre-university students. The research scenario was a non-profit course focused on university entrance exam in the city of São Carlos (SP). Two 18-year-old female students participated. Data collection was done based on the response to the Self Report Questionnaire 20 (SRQ-20), focal group and semi-structured interviews. Analysis were made using the theoretical frameworks of Public Health and Content Analysis. The results indicated the inseparability of the cultural, social, financial, educational deficit and development dimensions as triggers and / or maintainers of psychological suffering in this phase. Both cited the intervention as one of the mechanisms that promote teaching and mental health when added to specific pre- university classes, religion and psychotherapy. It was concluded, therefore, the importance of intersectoral actions and universal access to higher education for this public, as well as a greater number of participants in future studies.
Avaliação dos efeitos da exposição aguda aos agrotóxicos 2,4 D e Fipronil em brânquias de Danio rerio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-09) Viana, Natália Prudêncio; Souza, Iara da Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5391583114634391; Fernandes, Marisa Narciso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5830175882626889
The pesticides used in monocultures have the main function of reducing losses during the production process. These compounds can affect a wide spectrum of plant and animal species, inducing from biochemical and morphological changes to bioconcentration in tissues, which can lead to the death of these organisms. Thus, biochemical and histological analyzes of bioindicator organisms become effective tools for determining the impact of these substances. In this work the fish Danio rerio, a biological model used worldwide in toxicological tests, was chosen to assess the impact of concentrations of environmental relevance of two pesticides used in sugarcane monocultures in Brazil, fipronil and 2,4-D, tested alone and in mixture. Fipronil and 2,4-D bioconcentrate in the body of D. rerio, with a bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 1,092 for fipronil, 1,373 for 2,4-D alone; in mixture, BCF presented values of 1.261 and 1.005 for the insecticide and herbicide, respectively. Gills of fish exposed to fipronil showed a decrease in catalase activity and increased when exposed to the herbicide. In mixture, there was an increase in the activity of glutathione-S-transferase in samples of gills and of the whole body, in addition to the increase observed in the activity of acetylcholinesterase in D. rerio muscle. The gills of the exposed fish had histopathological changes and an increase in the fractional area of the chloride cells. The results obtained show responses of D. rerio when exposed to the insecticide and herbicide for 96 h, indicating that pesticides pose a risk to fish health in environmentally relevant concentrations.
Proposição de lista de avaliação de dispositivos visuais em canteiros de obras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-09) Abid Neto, Said; Serra, Sheyla Mara Baptista; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8528385567782505; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2518458198541153
The objective of visual management is commonly related to the increase in visual communication, whose consequence is an increase in transparency. As a result, losses can be reduced, and productivity increased. However, visual management is still relatively limited in industrial assembly construction sites. Moreover, there is a lack of understanding on how to evaluate the visual devices used in this context. Therefore, this study aims to develop a method to evaluate the visual devices present in an industrial assembly construction site. This research proposes applying an evaluation list for visual devices at construction sites based on Galsworth’s taxonomy (1997), dividing visual devices into four categories of level of control, namely: indicators, flags, controllers, and guarantors. In addition, it proposes a taxonomy related to the purpose of the device, namely: space, organization and movement, production and health, safety, and environment. The proposed evaluation list was applied to five different industrial assembly construction sites of a given company. The adopted methodological approach was Design Science Research and developed the artifact. Furthermore, the practical knowledge obtained through visits to construction sites was also employed. The results showed that applying the evaluation list on construction sites is feasible, but it depends on the evaluator’s skill and understanding of the visual devices. Nevertheless, the practical situations can be related to best practices, serving as a parameter for the continuous improvement of the company as well as for application in other construction companies. The study's main contribution was elaborating the proposed evaluation list, which can be used both by researchers and companies that intend to evaluate the visual devices used in construction sites. In addition, the classification of visual devices regarding their taxonomy and the results of the evaluations of visual devices in the studied sites stand out as theoretical contributions.
Intuitive: modelo conceitual para workflows de ETL
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-09) Portes, Ana Célia Ribeiro Bizigato; Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9091259735091455
The information domain is seen as a competitive differential in the most varied business areas, such as health, agribusiness, telecommunications, logistics, and government agencies. The correct and updated information is a valuable subsidy for corporative strategic decisions. Additionally, nowadays, huge volumes of data are generated at high speed and in various formats. In this context, research has been made to propose new models, architectures, processes, and algorithms that can contribute to transforming data into useful information for strategic decision making. In this scenario, a data warehousing environment plays a key role. The environment contains the data warehouse (DW), a huge repository with data that serves as a basis for responding to OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) queries. In a data warehousing environment, the ETL process is used to extract raw data from different data sources and to transform, clean, and integrate that data, loading to the DW. The ETL process is used for first data loading and, also for refreshing the data in the DW. This master's research investigated the best practices in conceptual modeling for ETL workflows and, as a result, proposes a new model, called “Intuitive”. The Intuitive Model adds simplicity, agility, clarity, and consistency to the modeling stage and can contribute to the improvement of construction and maintenance of ETL workflows. Theoretical analysis activities and practical experiments were performed with the users’ participation in order to validate the Intuitive Model. Such steps allowed us to evaluate that the elements of the Intuitive Model are sufficient to represent clearly several regular ETL scenarios showing advantages in comparison with the main related work in the state of the art.
Efeito da temperatura, do grau de trofia e do surfactante Dodecil Sulfato de Sódio nos crescimentos de Egeria densa (Planch) e de Chara sp. (Linnaeus)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-09) Wanderley, Emmanuelle Leite; Santino, Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2356641063223397; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6156324318541780
There is growing concern about the ecological impacts caused by human actions. We can mention the use of surfactants, where their presence in the aquatic ecosystem affects the quality of the water, and in addition to this we have the increase in water temperature, as a consequence of global warming, which determines the speed of the metabolic processes in the aquatic biota. In this context, this study evaluated the growth and physiological responses of two aquatic macrophytes (Egeria densa and Chara sp.) Under the effect of two concentrations (0.5 and 8.0 mg / L) of the sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant (DSS), at two temperatures (25 and 27 ºC) and in eutrophic and oligotrophic growth media. The accumulated length, the growth constant (µ), the daily growth rate, the temperature coefficient (Q10), the doubling time (td), the number, contributions and the emergence time of the shoots were evaluated. The physiological analyzes of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, carotenoid) and antioxidants (anthocyanin and flavonoid) were carried out on the fresh biomass of Chara sp. and E. densa. Significant differences in growth (p < 0.0001) between the different treatments (control and DSS) were identified for both macrophytes. The increase of 2 ºC promoted greater accumulated growth in E. densa in eutrophic medium. For Chara sp. the thermal variation of 2 ºC, did not alter its accumulated growth in eutrophic medium. Plants grown in the medium enriched with nutrients and with the presence of DSS developed better when compared to the oligotrophic medium. The highest growth constant (µ) for Chara sp. occurred at 25 ° C and for E. densa at 27 ° C, both in eutrophic medium. Regarding the doubling time (dt), the highest was registered for E. densa, in the treatments with DSS, at 25 ºC (eutrophic). Q10 was higher (6.36) between the eutrophic medium temperatures for E. densa. For Chara sp., Q10 was 1.2 and 1.28 in the eutrophic and oligotrophic media, respectively. The treatments at 25 and 27 ºC (eutrophic) were responsible for the largest number and contributions of shoots in Chara sp. and E. densa, respectively. Chara sp. presented a continuous process of formation and loss of shoots; the number of sprouts and their contributions in relation to the growth medium and temperature were significant. The time of emergence varies between treatments, and for E. densa the variation occurred between 7 to 27 days, and for Chara sp., the period was between 3 and 7 days. Physiologically, the plants adapted to the presence of the DSS; variations in the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments and antioxidants were observed, with growth in oligotrophic medium (25 and 27 ºC), with the highest concentrations of pigments and antioxidants in both macrophytes. These results showed that the presence of DSS, combined with temperature and culture medium, influence the growth parameters of E. densa and Chara sp., without causing early senescence and consequent death of these species. There was adaptation, of both species, in relation to the variations of the possible DSS interferents, temperature and degree of trophic state of the medium in the growth.
Perspectivas e estratégias para melhoria da educação em engenharia de materiais brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-10) Marcos, Leonardo Pollettini; Leiva, Daniel Rodrigo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6576844591900987; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5861228475056157
Engineering Education (EE) has greatly expanded in Brazil over the last decades and, over the last few years, some criticisms to the Brazilian EE started to gain traction. A reform to the national guidelines for engineering curricula, as well as financial support by CAPES for selected institutional projects targeting the improvement of engineering education were issued as national policies. Naturally, all these aspects extend to Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) education as well. Considering this context, this dissertation focused on identifying the current shortcomings of MSE education in Brazil and at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), on constructing an overview about the state of EE research around the world and on connecting these shortcomings to the institutions that research them, resulting on a strategic overview of partnerships that would particularly benefit MSE education in Brazil. In order to do so, bibliometrics were employed, and public data from the Questionário do Estudante, UFSCar’s students and internal quality evaluations were investigated. It was verified that the current shortcomings include, among other aspects: the lack of variety on the instructional and assessment methods employed by institutions, the lack of student support, low female representation and a low development of soft skills. On the worldwide research on EE topics, it was verified that the US is the country with the largest scientific output on the field and should be recognized as an international reference, and that there is a wide breadth of topics covered by EE research. Finally, a few institutions were identified for strategic partnerships on a few specific topics, while other institutions presented themselves as strategic for any of the topics related to the shortcomings, due to their great scientific output in the field — notably Purdue University and Virginia Tech, both US-based.
Desenvolvimento e avaliação de dispositivo com fluxos rotacionais para a formação de nanofibras poliméricas pelo processo de fiação por sopro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-10) Dulcini, Sérgio Luiz; Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917; Marconcini, José Manoel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5373845785326215; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4805911661605884
The spinning of polymeric fibers, with micrometric and nanometric dimensions, has many technical advantages and cost benefits. The techniques known as Electrospinning and Solution Blow Spinning (SBS) have been extensively investigated because they allow production at room temperature and enable the manufacture of a greater variety of nonwovens with regard to their morphology and chemical composition as well as fiber diameter. For this reason, many researchers have sought to further understand this technology. Recent studies have been conducted on SBS with a view to increasing its productivity and controlling its processes, given that this technique allows the production of micrometric and nanometric fibers without using electric fields. The applications of nonwovens, i.e., fabrics with no orderly weave, depend on their final morphology, so it is important to understand the process of fiber formation. Published studies on SBS use linear turbulent flows to drag the polymeric solution. Changes in the process are limited to what happens in the environment after the solution is released. So far, no researchers have investigated the rotational flow inside the SBS device and at the tube outlet. Other applications have indicated that the angular velocity can assist in stretching the solution. The methodology used in this thesis consisted of electronic images and high speed cameras in addition to statistical analysis of the nanofiber diameters. The results showed a significant reduction in the average diameter of the nanofibers produced with this rotational deviceIn this study, using the biodegradable polymer poly(lactic acid) (PLA) solubilized in Dimethylcarbonate (DMC).
Contradualismos no Opará: Lideranças Tuxá no Comitê da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio São Francisco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-10) Ramos, Gustavo Moreira; Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2613610736105324
This is an ethnography whose protagonist is a relationship - and aren't all ethnographies about relationships? - which, in turn, is made up of so many others, namely: among the Tuxá, indigenous people from the Bahian sertão of Brazil directly affected by the construction of the Itaparica Dam in 1988, and Opará, a watercourse that white people name São Francisco river. The reason for placing them, the relations between Tuxá and Opará, in this leading role is justified by one of their leaders, Dinamam Tuxá, who predicted the ultimate event: “If Opará dies, indigenous peoples will also die”. The analytical focus is on the participation of Tuxá leaders as indigenous representatives in the São Francisco River Basin Committee, a state agency of consultative and deliberative character responsible for the management of the waters of the São Francisco river basin. The objective is to ethnograph the efforts of the leaders to maintain Opará alived and, thus, the Tuxá themselves, since there will be no Tuxá people without Opará. That said, this dissertation is an analytical description of leadership ways of resistance. Unlike the forces in the state agency that strive to stop indigenous participation through the imposition of different types of simplifications and separations, these indigenous leadearships carry out their actions in the Commitee creating alliances and engagements, including basilar elements of the western world imagination, especially what they call white people scientific knowledge codes. Indigenous ways of resistance that are not restricted to a mere impulse of reaction, but that widen and deepen, like the river waters themselves, towards the creation of possibilities to produce concrete political actions. Therefore, it is a matter of presenting how these indigenous leaders move between the dams imposed on the ways of life of their people through actions in this water management Committee, which operates by building dams and establishing dualisms with the objective of carrying out separations between elements and relationships that are inseparable from a Tuxá perspective, among them: Politics and Science, Land and Water and, mainly, Tuxá and Opará.
Seleção sexual e a ordem Odonata: uma abordagem teórica e experimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-10) Pestana, Gabrielle Cristina; Ferreira, Rhainer Guillermo Nascimento; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2440863332849994; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6363707133266300
Sexual Selection theory was proposed by Darwin in 1871 and, thenceforth, has been widely discussed and tested in several taxonomic groups. Complementary hypotheses were formulated by different researchers aiming to understand the mechanisms and evolutionary processes related to sexual secondary characters and reproductive behaviors. Insects of the order Odonata, also known as dragonflies and damselflies, are used as models due to the presence of coloring patterns on the body and wings that act as sexual ornaments, and the diversity of behaviors related to reproduction. Thus, studies on the use of sexual traits before and after copulation, in different mating systems, are carried out with different species in this group. In this context, the present dissertation is focused in evolutionary models of sexual selection in odonates as study models. The first part contains two chapters: the first is a review of the mechanisms, costs and some hypotheses related to sexual selection, mainly related to the presence and function of sexual ornaments in males; and the second chapter, a scientometric analysis of published studies on the role of male sexual ornamentation and the different sperm competition strategies. The results of the scientometric analysis showed a difference in pre- and post-mating studies, in relation to the years in which there is a greatest number of publications with these themes, countries where the studies were developed, species analyzed and main authors. In the second part of this dissertation an observational study was carried out in order to verify the relationship between pre- and post-mating sexual traits, analyzing wing pigmentation proportion, sperm viability, total number of sperm, muscle mass, fat reserve and body size in two species: H. longipes and H. rosea. The results were discussed based on two hypotheses of sexual selection: the sperm competition game, which proposes a trade-off between sexual traits; and the fertility-linked phenotype, which predicts that the male sexual ornament co-vary with the individual's fertility. The results obtained suggest that both hypotheses can be corroborated, since males of H. longipes, presented a trade-off between the traits evaluated, while males of H. rosea presented a positive relationship between these traits.
Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on linear and nonlinear dynamics of heart rate variability in patients with heart failure
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-10) Goulart, Cássia da Luz; Caruso, Flávia Rossi; Arêas, Guilherme Peixoto Tinoco; Santos, Polliana Batista dos; Camargo, Patrícia Faria; Carvalho Junior, Luiz Carlos Soares de; Roscani, Meliza Goi; Mendes, Renata Gonçalves; Silva, Audrey Borghi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9790656360225486; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7119400854907214; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0833133191438250; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9224940191005426; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8975177658472167; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7342560022121661; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1298051150234135; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9634590922242052; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895