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Aids e terapia antirretroviral: percepções de pessoas que vivem com HIV
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-10-22) Formenton, Yaisa França; Ogata, Márcia Niituma; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3274294833403570; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9720418588709046
Mainly due to the advent of antirretroviral therapy, HIV/AIDS has assumed characteristics of chronic disease. On the one hand, organic recovery and increased life life expectancy are experienced, and on the other, the adverse effects of medications. Allied to the biological issue are the psychosocial dimensions linked to the diferente factors related to the syndrome in the social context, mainly in the epidemiological aspects and in the structuring and development of the STD/AIDS Program in the country. Understanding how the person living with HIV perceives the disease itself can be an important ally in treatment since, when aiming at changes in health practices, it is necessary to think about them in their objective and subjective dimensions. This study aim to analyze the perception of HIV/AIDS among people living with the disease using antirretroviral therapy. It is na exploratory and descriptive study that uses the qualitative approach of the analytical type. The study was developed in a Specialized Care Servie in a city in the interior os São Paulo State. The studied subjects were people with HIV, aged 18 year or older, that use the health service and were using antirretroviral therapy. The 43 participants answered two questionnaries – socioeconomic and clinical free recalls in order to analyze the perception of AIDS and antirretroviral therapy. The analysis was performed using the four-frame board technique with the support of the OpenEvoc software. In the perception of HIV/AIDS, aspects of the onset of the syndrome related to the disease and prejudice remain, permeated by aspects of coping that may indicate the possibility of introducing more positive aspects to the perception. In the perception of antirretroviral therapy, cognitions are perceived essentially related to the need to use drugs and a demand for regular daily organization of ingestion of these drugs permeated by the possibility of improving the health condition and the side effects faced during treatment. This scenario brings up the discution of the directions that brazilian public policies on AIDS have invested their strenghts, highlighting the need to rescue the notion of solidarity and to face with courage the social scars that AIDS has imprinted in our society.
As comunidades tradicionais do Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses: um estudo sobre os antigos e os novos conflitos que estão se estabelecendo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-10-22) Castro, Regis Vercauteren de Souza; Mariano, Neusa de Fátima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5003743301847104; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7068335035567079
Throughout history, natural resources have been used in an uncontrolled manner, without any concerns about their finitude. With the start of society for the exhaustion of these resources, it was necessary to conserve biodiversity, this occurred through the creation of Conservation Units. UC's are managed in Brazil by the National System of Conservation Units (SNUC), which through ICMBio and IBAMA create, manage and maintain these UC's. Except for the fact that these protected areas guarantee the maintenance, conservation and protection of biodiversity, many of them were created in offices and have brought with them problems and conflicts since the moment of their creation, since the realization of these areas did not take into account that there were people residing within these locations for centuries, developing their traditional way of life geared to their livelihood, thus transforming this area into a place with socio-environmental exclusions and conflicts. This exclusionary model of conservation calls for the removal of any resident residing within these UC's, especially those of Integral Protection, such as the Lençóis Maranhenses National Park (PNLM), which has about 17 communities within the territory, which develop conflicting activities such as agriculture , livestock, fishing, but destined for their subsistence. Since the creation of the PNLM, these communities have suffered from the limitations to their traditional land use imposed by legislation through ICMBio. As most of the time these protected areas are linked to beautiful natural landscapes, the tourist exploitation of these areas takes place, being a factor that brings with it several other models of conflicts such as: more expropriation of populations, contradictions between these communities, real estate speculation among others . With the PNLM of Lençóis Maranhão, we can identify all the problems that happen within a UC that has traditional communities. However, the tourist capital is increasingly aiming to take over this Conservation Unit, currently two projects have the intention of transforming the area into a major tourist pole, linking it to two other Conservation Units that extend through Maranhão, Piauí and Ceará, one of the projects is the Federal Senate Bill 465/2018 which aims to reduce the limits of the Park for the exploration of activities related to Tourism in the region, excluding traditional communities from the limits of the Park and the other process that is already underway. progress is to grant it to the private sector. The problem is that neither the problems that always occur within the UC's, such as the resettlement of these populations, have never been resolved, now others arise that will lead to a more intensive worsening of the traditional communities there.
Diagnóstico da fauna (aves, répteis, anfíbios e mamíferos) do município de Araraquara, São Paulo, Brasil, como subsídio para conservação e o manejo da diversidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-10-22) Barbosa, João Henrique; Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8430800139843867
The fragmentation and loss of habitats in the interior of the state of Sao Paulo in the last 50 years is probably the greatest threat to wildlife. In addition, only 1.5% of these fragments have data on their biodiversity. The objective of this work was to systematize and diagnose the fauna situation in the municipality of Araraquara-SP and to produce educational and informative material on the fauna of Araraquara-SP. The databases of the work performed by the city's environmental sectors in the period from 2013 to 2019 were used. Through them, there was an increase in the number of calls to wild animals in the urban environment, from 49 calls in 2013 to 418 in 2019. It was possible to identify a concentration of cases between September and February (72% to 85% of cases), the rainiest months of the year having a direct relationship with the reproductive period of the species. In 62% of the cases attended, rescue action was required, where 78% was immediately released; 17% referred to veterinary clinics and zoos; and 5% died, whose causes vary: being run over (54%); attack by domestic animals (22%); shock with panes of glasses (10%); direct or indirect poisoning (5%); and unknown causes (9%). In the other 38% of the consultations, guidance and awareness were provided. Among the rescued species, there is a predominance of Didelphis albiventris what can be inferred to be an early synanthropy process. A list was made up of 274 species of birds, 60 mammals, 34 reptiles, and 17 amphibians distributed in 38 orders and 104 families, of these 62 are threatened at the state level, 6 nationally, 9 by IUCN, and 83 in CITES appendices. With this information, 4000 units of the booklet entitled “Fauna de Araraquara” were made with a list of species, 60 photographs, texts about the municipality, and maps of the sampled areas. It was printed by the municipality and launched on June 5, 2019, in celebration of World Environment Day. It was delivered to all public schools in Araraquara and the region as well as being made available online to the entire population. The next steps are to maintain field collections with biannual publications, including other groups such as the ichthyofauna and invertebrates that were not included in this study, and to evaluate the use of the booklet as an instrument of environmental education.