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A química do perfume: uma proposta CTS para o ensino de química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-12) Bressan, Paula Daniela; Milaré, Tathiane; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4030661520659155; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0368558940749240
It is not new that perfumes are objects of desire for many people, and it is also no accident that the culture of perfumes is very old and still generates many profits. They arose with the main intention of pleasing the Gods in offerings and religious temples, however, due to their great repercussion among citizens during the offerings, tributes and in the temples, they soon started to serve mainly men and women, which enabled a series of advances, and artisanal techniques, which were small in the beginning, in order to extract essential oils and produce perfumes. As our society grows and develops, this production was gradually transferred to large industries, the ones we know today. Through this theme, this work appears as a CTS proposal to the teaching of Chemistry, since the subject of perfumery transcends time, growing and developing socially. For this, the work has the incentive of this CTS perspective to promote interdisciplinarity by relating concepts from different areas, with a focus on chemistry. Therefore, priority was given to the theoretical foundation on the approach itself, the history of perfumery and, finally, materials were proposed to complete the entire experience of this monograph, making relations between the theory and practice of “Chemistry of perfume”.
Desmistificando a raridade da formação de híbridos férteis em animais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-12) Conceição, Samantha dos Santos; Medeiros, Ane Hackbart de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6315858319851377; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9710323284680472
The emergence and formation of species is an area of great interest in the scientific knowledge of genetics, conservation biology and evolution. One of the most validated conceptions in relation to the formation of species is the factor of isolation barriers, in which populations that mate naturally with each other are reproductively isolated from other groups. In this work, a bibliographical survey of the theories involving natural hybridity or interspecific reproduction between animals and consequences for species was carried out. It can be seen that this type of hybridization with the formation of fertile intermediates occurs frequently, and can be observed, for example, in the species of sea turtles Eretmochelys imbricata and Caretta caretta belonging to the Brazilian coast. In addition, from this hybridity they have not shown reproductive differences in relation to their parents and are reported in a relatively high incidence. The same occurs with the species of gulls Laurus glaucescens and L. occidentalis, belonging to a certain hybrid zone of North America, in which it is researched that their specimens of intermediaries will be as fertile as their parents. In other studies, bird species Pyriglena Atra and P. leucoptera that, despite the fertility of their intermediaries, highlighted results that are still inconclusive on the consequences of this reproduction. It was also possible to evaluate researches where hybridism can have negative consequences for the species involved, as occurred with species of marmosets Callithrix sp. found in Brazil where, due to anthropic actions, they shared the same habitat and a reproduction between them generated an ecological disturbance. In this way, the results obtained through the present bibliographic survey demonstrate that it is necessary to reevaluate as assumptions about species from natural hybridity, demystifying the rarity of the event in nature, in order to build a focus on fertility and evolutionary productivity in order to contribute with correlated studies of genetics and evolution of species.
Manipulação das condições ambientais em culturas de Kirchneriella contorta: efeitos na fotossíntese e no rendimento de biomoléculas de valor agregado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-12) Aoyagi, Leonardo Murilo; Lombardi, Ana Teresa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9746665028917006
Microalgae are a natural source of valuable products and have the potential to be applied in several productive sectors. Among the wide range of biomolecules that synthesize, carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, including carotenoids, are important in health human. Allied to the potentiality of microalgae as biomolecule producers, we have to its production can occur in areas that do not compete with food production and yet, as photosynthetic beings that are, fix CO2, a greenhouse gas. Given the plasticity physiological of the microalgae, techniques of manipulation of its biochemical composition have been proposals for the increase of biomolecules. In this study we investigated the physiology of microalgae Kirchneriella contorta under different concentrations of copper and in two colors of light (diodes light emitters - LED), red and blue. In a first step, under white light we define a range of copper concentration that would not cause a change in the growth rate and in the second stage, crops grown in these concentrations were exposed to white light (control), blue and red. The population density and rates of growth, photosynthetic parameters (PhytoPAM) and concentration of chlorophyll biomolecules a, carotenoids, proteins and carbohydrates. The results showed that the photosynthetic apparatus was sensitive to changes in the quality of light and the presence of copper. From 1.4x10-8 mol L-1 of Cu2+ there was an increase in non photochemical NPQ dissipation, which led to the overcoming of stress, keeping photosynthetic yields similar to control. Chlorophylls biomolecules a and b, carbohydrates and proteins showed higher productivity in intermediate concentrations of copper in the first 48 h of cultivation under white light. Under light blue and at a concentration of 3.8x10-9 mol L-1 of Cu2+ free there was an increase of 50% in the productivity of carotenoids and carbohydrates and 30% of proteins. Growth rates have always remained similar to control, regardless of light quality or concentration of copper. We have shown that, if supplied in the correct quantity, copper can stimulate productivity of biomolecules, and that this productivity can be magnified by synergism by combination with blue LED. This duo proved to be a great tool for biochemical manipulation and growth of Kirchneriella contorta. This study is a contribution to microalgae biotechnology and understanding of the physiology and effects of copper and blue and red light in the microalgae, K. contorta a fresh water Chlorophyta.
Fotocatálises e metodologias sintéticas via formação de complexos Doador-Aceptor de Elétrons (EDA)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-12) Villela, Lucas Facuri; Oliveira, Kleber Thiago de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3759761373942891; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3987620822848614
Chemical transformations promoted by the irradiation of light have aroused the interest of the synthetic community since the beginning of the 20th century. However, due to the lack of appropriate technologies to perform photoinduced transformations, photochemistry and photocatalysis remained in the perception of many chemists as a specialized technique, with few practical applications and on large scale. Currently, with the development of new photochemical methods and the emergence of new technologies that have facilitated access to different sources of irradiation, the interest in investing in photochemical transformations has reappeared in search of more efficient methodologies that employ milder conditions. Thus, in recent years as an alternative to the commonly used photocatalytic methods, organic reactions induced by visible light via the formation of EDA complexes have received great attention due to their synthetic potential to promote a wide variety of chemical transformations involving the formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds.
Os efeitos das tecnologias digitais aplicadas ao food service: fatores determinantes na experiência do cliente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-12) Correa, Gabriele Moreira; Assuaga, Giovanna Corrêa; Fiorini, Paula de Camargo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8321834215728086; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8352017926374777; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7018452612739461
The implementation of digital technologies is a trend that has been growing in the food services sector outside the home in Brazil. In order to understand this scenario, this work aimed to identify and analyze the factors that impact the experience of customers with the use of digital technologies in the food service sector. A quantitative research approach was adopted, in which data were collected through a survey questionnaire. The sample consisted of consumers who have already attended food service establishments that use some of the following self-service technologies: digital menus, available on mobile devices coupled in the center of the table and /or self-service totems. The results showed that most customers had positive experiences with the use of digital technologies in food service, where the factors considered most important in the research were speed and efficiency and ease and simplicity. Despite the positive experiences, the interviewees showed low willingness to face queues or pay more in restaurants that use self-service technologies and, most did not consider fun and pleasure relevant to their experience, making them the least important factors identified in this study. With the realization of this research, it was possible to clarify the impact factors in the consumer experience with technological applications in food service, bringing theoretical contributions, by exploring a topic little addressed in the Brazilian context, and managerial, by serving as a basis for making decisions about the implementation of new digital technologies of self-service, as well as for understanding the preferences and expectations of customers.
Populações tradicionais e onças: uma análise sobre os conflitos entre grandes felinos (Carnivora:Felidae) e comunidades quilombolas do Vale do Ribeira e suas implicações conservacionistas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-12) Santos, Giovanna Hemy Takano dos; Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7038618610241236
The predation of domestic herds by jaguars (Panthera onca) and pumas (Puma concolor) is a reality in rural areas in several properties, including in the quilombola remnants of Vale do Ribeira. This fact generates high economic losses at the place and ends up being one of the reasons for these species to be pursued and hunted. As a result, the negative feeling about the jaguars and the persecution of them intensifies, which makes conservationist actions difficult to protect these great predators. Therefore, the present work investigated, from a qualitative analysis of the bibliographic review and semi-structured characteristics, in relation to the conflict between the big cats and the quilombola communities of Vale do Ribeira. The survey of the discussion brought different aspects that encompass the theme of human-fauna conflicts. The main points were as perceptions about this fauna group, which, mostly negative; as possible measures and proposals to alleviate the conflict; and the importance of having more efficient means for communication between the different agents (researchers, quilombolas and conservation professionals), considering the way of life of these local populations and their historical and cultural dimensions.
Desafios e perspectivas na comercialização de produtos provenientes de sistemas agroflorestais no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-12) Mira, Pamela Mattar; Ramos Filho, Luiz Octavio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0194484031523826; Franco, Fernando Silveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3218633711361955; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8602530149679297
For family farming, the flow of production has been one of the biggest bottlenecks within the productive rural units. Agroforestry systems are becoming a relevant alternative for food production in family farming, but not only, is the commercialization of products from agroforestry also relevant to guarantee the permanence of families in the countryside. This work aimed to characterize the main commercialization channels of family farmers in the state of São Paulo that produce from SAFs and to understand the stimuli and challenges of rural producers, and how they are socially and economically related through agroforestry production and marketing. Through documentary analysis, reports of visits to the properties, semi-structured interviews and free audios collected during visits by Embrapa Meio Ambiente in the SEISAF macro-project during the years 2017 and 2018. As part of the results, 3 experiences with positive perspectives were chosen from individual challenges. The analyzes showed that short sales channels are potent in generating income, in agrobiodiversity, in changing the perception of families in relation to SAFs and the production unit as a whole, in addition to bringing important elements to the issue of commercialization and to strengthening the small-scale ecological-based agriculture.
Como a massa foliar específica pode determinar as taxas de crescimento relativo de espécies arbóreas tropicais no início do desenvolvimento das plantas?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-12) Amorim, João Francisco Ribeiro de Campos; Souza, Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5216112068627151; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7610565223969829
Changes in land use through deforestation and forest degradation have resulted in great losses of biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services and recognition of the importance of forests has resulted in several actions for their restoration. Plant growth rates can be strongly related to the leaf area per dry mass unit (SLA) which reflects the photosynthetic capacity per leaf area unit. However, other crown attributes such as the projection area of the crown, the surface area of the crown and the number of leaves can contribute to the photosynthetic capacity of the plants and thus influence the growth rates. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of SLA and the attributes of the crown on the growth rates of the plants of eleven tropical tree species reintroduced in a degraded area. For each species, five individuals were marked for growth monitoring over a year, measuring the total number of leaves, three crown measures (height, largest diameter of the crown and the orthogonal diameter to the largest diameter). From each individual, two expanded leaves were collected to estimate the SLA. The leaves were photographed, to estimate the leaf area, and weighed (fresh mass), and then left in the greenhouse, to estimate the dry mass. SLA is the ratio of the leaf area to the dry mass. Five models were evaluated to determine the influence of crown attributes on the relationship between SLA and the growth rates in height of the plants: (I) - considering only the SLA; (II) - AMF × SLA; (III) - CPA × SLA; (IV) - CSA × SLA and (V) - SM. The choice of models was made according to the corrected Akaike criterion. Model III, the relationship between RGR and SLA x CPA, was the one that best explained the growth rate of individuals, followed by model IV, showing that the larger the leaf area, the crown projection area and the crown surface area, the higher the relative growth rate of the species. In addition, model V showed that large seed plants produce small CPA and CSA, compromising the RGR.
Diagnóstico do cooperativismo agropecuário no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-12) Santos, Sara Raquel de Barros; Montebello, Adriana Estela Sanjuan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326971138357942; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0063186144969164
This work aims to analyze the panorama of agricultural cooperatives in Brazil and its regions through the following variables: number of agricultural establishments; number of agricultural establishments organized in associations; number of agricultural establishments organized into cooperatives; technical guidance; use of fertilizers and pesticides. The research methodology is quantitative based on the collection and tabular analysis of secondary data present in the IBGE database based on data from the Agricultural Census of 2006 and 2017, where it was found that the regions that are most associated with cooperatives are the South, Southeast and Midwest regions and, consequently, are the ones that most benefit from this association. The Northeast and North regions, on the other hand, are those that least associate with cooperatives and those that least benefit from cooperatives. The data pointed out the need for incentives for the Northeast and North regions to associate more closely with cooperatives in order to strengthen agriculture in these regions. In addition, it was possible to observe a strong relationship between cooperatives and technical assistance, considering that the regions that most associated themselves with cooperatives were also the ones that received the most technical guidance and, consequently, those that used fertilizers and pesticides the most.
Caracterização da cultura organizacional em uma organização internacional de estudantes: o caso da AIESEC em São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-12) Rodrigues, Giovana; Rachid, Alessandra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6981682198988902; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8361958595954458
The research’s goal is to analyze AIESEC’s organizational culture, an International Non-Governmental Organization (INGO) formed by students between 18 and 30 years old. The methodological approach used is based on interviews with members, documentary research, informal conversations with active and inactive members and visit to the physical space. The collected information is organized mainly following the proposal of two authors: Fleury (2012) and Schein (2004). It is possible to observe that issues connected to both Assumptions About External Adaptation Issues and Managing Internal Integration are well defined and broadcast throughout AIESEC. Besides that, by the perspective adopted by Cameron and Quinn (2006), the organization embraces several characteristics associated to the type of organization called “Clan”, however, it also has characteristics assigned to other types of organization. Lastly, it is notable that the organization presents characteristics identified by Boli and Thomas (1997) as typical of INGOs. However, the lack of references about the topic narrow a further research about it.
Análise de fatores determinantes na decisão de compra online: reflexões sobre o impacto da pandemia no comportamento do consumidor brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-12) Cavalcanti, Leonardo José Elias; Doneux, Nicolas Franco; Fiorini, Paula de Camargo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8321834215728086; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0257339769238017
The virtual channels for sales have become increasingly relevant for customers and companies. In this regard, the global coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) situation during the year 2020 has led to significant changes in consumption habits, in particular, the migration to shopping in the online world. Thus, it is important to understand the aspects that affect purchase decisions in virtual stores. The objective of this research was to verify the factors that influence Brazilian consumers' online purchasing decisions and to analyze the impacts of the pandemic on online shopping behavior. To achieve this, a quantitative approach was adopted, through the application of a survey. The results found concern to the behavior of the customers of virtual stores, as well as their expectations and perceptions. From the study, it was found that among the main factors in the purchase decision on the virtual channel are ‘trust in the store’ and ‘product/service quality’. Regarding the impacts of the pandemic, there was an increase in the frequency of purchases through the internet and some changes in consumer behavior. Therefore, this work adds to the literature findings on the most relevant factors in the online purchase decision of Brazilian consumers, as well as reflections on changes in online shopping behavior during the pandemic period. In addition, it provides insights to managers for strategic decisions related to the digital market, both for those who want to enter the online channel and for companies already present in the digital world that need to understand their audience to properly adapt their online strategy.