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Desempenho motor, alcance e habilidades exploratórias em lactentes com risco biológico e risco ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27) Rohr, Liz Araújo; Cabral, Thais Invenção; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2400104905073029; Tudella, Eloisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3205557082216934
Objectives: To verify the influence of biological and environmental risk factors in gross motor performance, reaching skills and exploratory abilities in infants at 6 months of age. Methods: This is a blind cross-sectional study. Methodological procedures are described for each outcome. (1) Motor performance (MP): 80 infants at six months of age (193.85 ± 9.08 days) of both sexes (39 boys and 41 girls) were included. MP was assessed using Alberta Infant Motor Scale. Biological and environmental characteristics were obtained using a questionnaire directed to parents. The following biological factors were investigated: gestational age, birth weight, birth length, while socioeconomic status (SES) was considered the environmental factor. (2) Reaching: Participated in this study 62 infants at six months of age divided into three independent groups: Group 1 (G1), 28 full-terms with no risk factors; Group 2 (G2), 19 full-terms classified as low SES and no biological risk; Group 3 (G3), 15 very preterm infants at six months corrected age and without low SES. Reaching was measured through kinematic analysis using the Qualisys® system, and the following variables were analyzed: straightness index, deceleration time, movement unit, reaching duration, mean and peak velocity. Furthermore, we analyzed proximal and distal reaching adjustments. (3) Exploratory behavior: Participated in this study 64 infants at six months of age, divided in three independent groups (G1, n=28; G2, n= 21; G3, n=15), as it was described for the reaching outcome (G1, n=28; G2, n= 21; G3, n=15). The exploratory behavior was coded as: fingering, mouthing, waving, tapping, banging, transferring, rotating, alternating, and squeezing. These actions were assessed with two types of toys: a malleable and a rigid. Results: (1) Chi-square test showed a significant association between socioeconomic status and motor performance (p = 0.0013), whereby infants with low socioeconomic status performed worse. However, multiple regression analysis showed associations between motor performance socioeconomic status (β=0.256; p=0.024) and birth weight (β=0.184; p=0.010). (2) Infants from G2 presented reaching duration (p = 0.032, Cohen’s f = 0.349) and movement unit (p = 0.033, Cohen’s f = 0.351) significantly higher than G3. Horizontal hand orientation was moderately associated with infants at environmental risk (p=0.031; Cramer’s V=0.30). (3) There was a significant difference between G2 vs G3 for fingering (p = 0.005), between G1 vs G3 for waving (p = 0.041) and between G1 vs G2 (p = 0.003) and G2 vs G3 (p=0,046) for transferring, to the malleable object. To the rigid object, there was a difference between G1 vs G3 for waving (p = 0.018) and between G2 vs G3 for transferring (p = 0.019). In addition, infants from G2 performed a lower total of abilities when compared to infants from G1, both for the malleable (p = 0.014) and the rigid toy (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Our results suggest that low SES has a greater influence on motor performance of infants at six months. Additionally, infants of low socioeconomic status perform less functional reaching movements than very preterm infants at six months corrected age. Regarding to exploratory behavior, each risk factor may influence manual exploration in a different way and infants with low socioeconomic seem to be at greater disadvantage than preterm infants. Based on these results, we highlighted that low-cost public health strategies are needed, providing to infants who have some risk factor, better opportunities of development.
A influência da música na habilidade de reconhecimento de expressões faciais da emoção em idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27) Amaral, Júlia Fernandes do; Costa-Guarisco, Letícia Pimenta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9170509383468366; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9854003297710580
Recognition of facial emotions is a cognitive skill, also known as social cognition. Music, in turn, has the ability to evoke and transmit feelings, thus creating a context that can influence the perception of emotions. Despite several studies carried out on the recognition of facial emotions, little is known about the influence of music on this skill. Therefore, this study evaluated the influence of music on the ability to recognize facial expressions of emotions. Through the Penn Emotion Recognition Test, the ability to recognize facial expression of emotion was assessed in 20 healthy elderly people in two moments, the first being baseline and the second called retest, in which the participants performed the test while listening to a song. The participants were organized into two groups according to the music presented in the retest: sad group, composed of 10 participants who underwent the retest while listening to the sad music; and a happy group composed of 10 participants who performed the retest while listening to happy music. The influence of music was verified in each group by emotion and level of intensity of emotion through statistical tests. There were no statistically significant changes between baseline and retest conditions in any group studied. However, when evaluating the responses qualitatively, there is a trend towards greater recognition of facial expressions under musical stimulus. Music did not influence the recognition of facial expressions of emotion in the elderly.
Fundamentos teórico-filosóficos nos cadernos “Por Uma Educação do Campo”
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27) Luna, Junior Cesar; Bezerra Neto, Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4809080593333472; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6635581536141136
From the 1990s onwards, rural social movements, in particular the Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST) together with the Pastoral Land Commission (CPT) started a fundamental discussion in which they sought to understand the new scenario of categorical irruption of rural education. In this perspective, this thesis was developed in the Study and Research Group on Rural Education (GEPEC), in the Doctoral Course in Education at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), and its guiding theme is the theoretical-philosophical basis of this movement so important to national education. The question is: from a Marxist theoretical-philosophical point of view, is there coherence (convergences and divergences) about its understanding and application/use among the members of the “For an Rural Education” movement contained in its seven books? Is there coherence about the criticisms directed to the Marxist theoretical-philosophical foundation, in opposition to a supposed theoretical-philosophical eclecticism that supports the pedagogical orientation of Rural Education? The hypothesis is that the movement "For a Rural Education", in its eagerness to help emancipate rural people through education, contributed little ideologically to their emancipation, in the mold of Marxism, but rather brought it closer to an adjustment to capitalism. In our research, we obtained confirmation of this hypothesis after a thorough analysis of the philosophical concepts highlighted in the referred books.
Análise de biomarcadores morfológicos em girinos de rã-touro, Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802), expostos a nanotubos de carbono de parede múltipla e ao seu surfactante isolado Pluronic TM F-127
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27) Dal Medico, Samuel Espinosa; Salla, Raquel Fernanda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1738422158151824; Costa, Monica Jones; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0578970203313985; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1264850955996766
This work assessed the hepatic effect of carbon nanotubes (CNT) [10 mg.L-1] (NT group; n=9) associated with Pluronictm F-127 (0,1%), as well as its isolated effect (ST group; n=9), by the analysis of hepatic biomarkers in bullfrog tadpoles, Lithobates catesbeianus (SHAW, 1802), after 96h of exposure. The melanomacrophage cells area (A.MMC), sinusoidal area (A.SINUS), parenchymal area (A.HP), and the number of hepatocytes (C.HP) were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The percentage of area occupied by lipids (A.SB) were assessed using a histochemistry technique (Sudan Black). We observed a reduction of the A.SINUS (P<0,001) for ST and NT groups compared to the CT group (n=9), as well as for the C.HP (P<0,001). In the latter, we also observed differences (P<0,001) between the ST and NT groups. For A.SB, were observed differences among all the groups (CT
A adesão dos municípios na implementação do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar: uma análise exploratória no Sudoeste Paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27) Lopes Junior, Edmilson Carlos de Almeida; Montebello, Adriana Estela Sanjuan; Grigoletto, Fábio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326971138357942; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2398917544592259; Marjotta-Maistro, Marta Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3987280258617095; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153959955410220
The National School Feeding Program, responsible for feeding more than 40 million schoolchildren across the national territory, defined, in 2009, a mini-mum of 30% of all resources transferred to states and municipalities by the Na-tional Education Development Fund for the purchase of food produced by fam-ily farmers, with the aim of promoting the development of that category at a lo-cal level. However, the program has faced operational barriers. Twelve years after the implementation of Law 11.947/2009, many municipalities are still un-able to reach the minimum values, and many other even do not acquire any value. This work purposes to identify conditioning factors of the adherence to the purchase of family agriculture by the municipalities. To this end, we divided the work into article-chapters, trying to understand the various spheres of the execution of the program. The first article presents a history of changes in the legal regulatory framework since the implementation of Law 11.947/2009, seek-ing to understand how they allowed, or not, the greater applicability of the law. The second article provides an overview of the program's execution in the state of São Paulo, using the intermediate regions and municipalities of the state as a spatial reference, where an exploratory analysis of the influence of the pres-ence of family farming in the region and the size of the municipalities is carried out. Finally, the third article conducts an exploratory analysis of the construc-tion of public calls in the São Paulo's Southwest region, identifying the tech-nical challenges of preparing this purchase instrument. This work made it pos-sible to identify constraints and obstacles to the applicability of the purchase of foodstuffs from family farming and to design a research agenda for the analy-sis of state capacities in the application of school income as a tool to promote family farming.
Uma análise discursiva de normativas oficiais argentinas sobre o ensino de português língua estrangeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27) Moraes, Camila Ribeiro Corrêa de; Brito, Luiz André Neves de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6863292359239733; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5496819045609424
La elección de los idiomas que enseñará el sistema educativo de un país no es una cuestión de azar, sino que refleja cuestiones políticas, históricas, económicas, sociales, etc. Debido al interés por la enseñanza del portugués como lengua extranjera (PLE), investigamos los discursos presentes en la normativa oficial del Estado argentino relacionados con esta enseñanza. A la luz del Análisis del Discurso francés (AD), y movilizando conceptos como archivo, memoria discursiva y condiciones de producción, analizamos los significados presentes en estos documentos oficiales, relacionándolos con el exterior. Para ello, el mapeo de las normativas y su posterior análisis se estructuró en un fragmento de discursos oficiales producidos por distintas instancias del Estado argentino sobre la enseñanza del portugués, obtenidos a través de una investigación documental realizada en el Portal Oficial del Estado argentino. Con esta búsqueda se encontró una gran cantidad de documentos normativos de diversas clases, como leyes, protocolos y convenios, los cuales se relacionan en mayor o menor grado con la enseñanza de PLE. Entre los resultados encontrados por la búsqueda que fueron descritos y analizados se encuentran las Leyes argentinas n. 12.766, que tratan de la inclusión del portugués en los planes de estudio de las instituciones públicas para la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras en la educación secundaria; Ley n. 23.981, que aprueba el tratado suscripto para la Constitución de un Mercado Común del Sur (Mercosur), en que los idiomas oficiales son el español y el portugués; Ley n. 25.181, que aprueba el Convenio de Cooperación Educativa suscripto entre Argentina y Brasil, que abarca en uno de sus artículos la enseñanza de idiomas y la Creación de Cátedras de Portugués y Español en los respectivos países; y la Ley n. 26.468, cuyo principal objetivo es la inclusión obligatoria de una propuesta curricular para la enseñanza de PLE en las escuelas secundarias pertenecientes al sistema educativo nacional. En conformidad con los fundamentos teóricos de esta investigación y a través del análisis, se evidencian algunos aspectos de las condiciones de producción de estas normas y de qué manera algunas de las Leyes pueden ser consideradas discursos de rupturareestructuración de memorias discursivas ya estabilizadas, considerándose así acontecimientos discursivos.
Capitalismo de vigilância e produção de subjetividade por meio de algoritmos: uma análise discursivo-mediológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27) Ferreira, Ana Elisa Sobral Caetano da Silva; Salgado, Luciana Salazar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5206927424265495; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0322712366911621
The beginning of Google, as a company in 1998, was not only a milestone in the way of hierarchizing information on the World Wide Web, but it also introduced evidence of how computer programming would have a deep impact on the future of humanity. Such impacts have surpassed the limits of the on-line experience and laid the foundations for a mutation in the capitalist system called by Shoshana Zuboff (2019) “surveillance capitalism”. The goal of this study, which the methodology perspective is discursive-midiological (SALGADO; OLIVA, 2019), is to reflect on how this mutation interferes with the subject interpellation process (PÊCHEUX, 2014a [1975]), considering the production of subjectivities (BRUNO, 2004) and the algorithmic direction. The central hypothesis debated throughout this thesis is that the subject-data position (FARIA, 2016) interferes with the individual's path of the subject-browser position (ROMÃO; MOREIRA, 2008) both online and offline. That is, for the first time in history, the advent of artificial intelligence (IA) allowed a computational language to create profiles of its users, by collecting data and thus directing future choices. The corpus, composed of diverse examples of discursive genres (MAINGUENEAU, 2008b), points to a discourse formation that seeks to stabilize the imagery neutrality of digital technology, silencing the process of naturalization of extraction practices, data mining, and behavior modulation (SILVEIRA, 2017) typical of surveillance capitalism. Such practices destabilize meanings connected to the imagery of free speech and democracy rooted in American values expressed in the United States Constitution, a document that influenced several countries in the constitution of their laws.
Estudo sobre o efeito da densidade de plantas e espaçamento entre linhas na cultura do milho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27) Costa, Thiago Marques; Afférri, Flávio Sérgio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4868650342029685; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9403772336960483
Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the world’s most important crops its cultivation has great economic importance, and for the population’s food. In Brazil, the cereal has great relevance for several productive sectors and presents excellent production indexes due to its variety and adaptability to the conditions of the country. Several technologies have been approached in order to optimize the profitability and productivity of corn. The spatial arrangement and reduced spacing between lines are methodologies adopted for manipulating the distribution of plants and which may impact the characteristics of interest to the crop. Increments of agronomic performance and positive response in production are found in experiments with studies of densities and spacing. Studies have shown increases in the interception of solar radiation, better use of the energy resource in the canopy, reduced competitiveness and better use of natural resources in the management of the distance between plants. It was found that a reduction in the spacing between lines of corn in the studies used, a trend of positive effect on crop productivity.
Necessidades de saúde de gestantes de alto risco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27) Marski, Bruna de Souza Lima; Wernet, Monika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6056127658896265; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4749107550534372
Pregnancy is a common event in the life cycle of many women and its evolution happens most of the time without adversity. However, a portion of the pregnant women may be more likely to have an unfavorable evolution for their health and / or have a fetus, constituting the group called high-risk pregnancy. Despite the indications and the improvement in the increase in maternal death in recent years, Brazil still presents expressive numbers. Its causes can be the result of complications that occur during pregnancy or after pregnancy and childbirth, and most complications that occur during pregnancy are preventable and treatable. As a strategy to reduce maternal mortality, there is a recommendation for return, more return and assertiveness, with welcoming and individualized actions according to the needs of each pregnant woman. The present study aims to discuss, in the light of the Health Needs Taxonomy proposed by Matsumoto and Cecílio, the needs of women who were pregnant at high risk and the proportion of recommendations for the reception of these women and their needs. It constituted a study with a qualitative approach, carried out from March 2018 to March 2020, in a city in the interior of São Paulo. Documentary research was the selected methodological strategy and for the understanding of the data obtained, we opted for content analysis in the thematic modality proposed by Bardin. Documents analyzed were the transcription of biweekly home visits to 17 high-risk pregnant women carried out during the prenatal period and field notes by visiting nurses. It was possible to establish a translating discussion of the health needs of high-risk pregnant women from three thematic units, as well as to make professional recommendations: ‘HIGH RISK MANAGEMENT: PREPARING THE CONDITION’; ‘INFORMATIONAL NEED TO FOLLOW WITH PREGNANCY’; ‘SOCIAL SUPPORT NETWORK: THE NEED FOR ITS STRENGTHENING AND CONSIDERATION’. They reflect incipient health care for high-risk pregnant women, with clinical practice reduced to a biological dimension. Emerging needs emerge to embrace the emotional demand for the elaboration of pregnancy and the diagnosis of high risk; needs for informational reception to achieve good health conditions; needs to recognize their socio-historical and family context, and needs for professional interventions and management of the different care technologies. The context unveiled by the study allows the review of clinical practices and signals recommendations to professionals for care displaced from the reduced clinic based on dialogic bets.
Formação e atuação em coensino dos egressos de licenciatura em educação especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27) Stopa, Paula Cristina; Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9534605602964726
This study problematizes the initial training of Special Education teachers and the acting model based on co-teaching or collaborative teaching. The theoretical framework adopted in this study is based on the tripod: legal frameworks of the Special Education policy in Brazil; background on the training of specialized teachers for school inclusion; and the concept of Co-teaching or Collaborative Teaching as a Model for Provision of Services provided to PAEE students, as presented in the Special Education literature. The general objective was to analyze and evaluate the Degree courses in Special Education (LEEsp), in the aspect of training for acting in Co-teaching, understanding the training experiences provided and the perspective of professionals who graduated from Degree courses in Special Education. The specific objectives were: i. Analyze training experiences in the curriculum of LEEsp courses; ii. Identify the space of professional performance, in co-teaching, of graduates in LEEsp; iii. To analyze the influence of training bases in Co-teaching on the performance of professionals who graduated from LEEsp courses; and iv. Identify and analyze the training experiences lived and how they contributed to the training of professionals who graduated from LEEsp. The design involved a descriptive research study with a qualitative focus, having as context two LEEsp courses (Federal University of Santa Maria and Federal University of São Carlos) and involved 51 Special Education teachers graduated from LEEsp courses. The study took place in the following stages: 1) Survey with 51 professors who graduated from both courses, with collections via Google Form; 2) Study on formative and acting experiences in Co-teaching, based on semi-structured interviews with 17 participants; 3) Documentary study of the political pedagogical projects of the LEEsp courses. The results involve analysis of the training experiences contained in the LEEsp course curriculum; the spaces of professional performance in co-teaching of graduates in LEEsp; the influence of training bases in Co-teaching on the performance of professionals who graduated from LEEsp courses; and how the training experiences lived contributed to the training of professionals who graduated from LEEsp. It was concluded that the curriculum has provided training for the collaborative work articulated between the Special Educator and the common Educator, demonstrating that the courses have revised the acting models of this professional, changing the vision of training the special educator to work only in extra care common class with promising results. It was observed that the initial training enabled changes in the interviewees' lives, positively impacting the construction of the professionals' identity. However, the performance in Collaborative Education still appears limited due to the extra-class specialized educational service model that has been prioritized by the national policy on Special Education since the mid 2000s.
Tradução e adaptação cultural da “Family Meaning of Nursing-Home Visits Scale/Escala de Significado Familiar de Visitas a Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos” para o contexto brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27) Andrade, Larissa de; Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7395879552721664; Inouye, Keika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4603726339645796
Introduction: The demand for services provided by Long-Term Institutions for the Elderly (LTCIs) grows with the aging of the population. These spaces can represent a positive alternative of protection, protection and security, or a negative one that symbolizes the abandonment of a loved one. In the context of LSIEs, one of the ways to maintain the family bond is through family visits. Recently, a scale was built and validated in Taiwan in order to understand the meaning attributed by families to visiting institutionalized elderly people, called the Family Meaning of Nursing - Home Visits Scale (FMNHVS). The availability of this instrument in Brazil is justified by the increasing number of elderly people living in LSIE and the importance of family ties that directly affect the biopsychosocial conditions of the elderly. Objective: To translate and culturally adapt the FMNHV scale to the Brazilian context. Materials and methods: This is a methodological study, in which the steps recommended in the international literature were followed, which are: initial translation, synthesis of translations, back translation, review by a committee of judges and pre-test. Results: The initial translation was performed by two professional translators with experience in scientific texts in the health field. The synthesis of the translations was carried out through a meeting between members of the research group and the translators for a consensus on the differences found. The back-translation consisted of translating the FMNHVS back to the original language and submitting it to the original author for consideration. After approval and consensus with the author, a committee of six judges reviewed and compared all translations performed. There was an agreement of 83% for all items and a version for the pre-test was reached in Brazil. The pre-test stage consisted of applying the instrument to a sample of family members of institutionalized elderly in order to assess all the items on the scale, in terms of clarity and understanding of the questions, in order to identify errors and adapt to the context. Brazilian. Conclusion: The instrument was considered clear and understandable and no changes were necessary. The Brazilian version of the FMNHVS was translated and culturally adapted to the Brazilian context.