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Desempenho motor, alcance e habilidades exploratórias em lactentes com risco biológico e risco ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27)
Rohr, Liz Araújo
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Cabral, Thais Invenção
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2400104905073029
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Tudella, Eloisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219
Objectives: To verify the influence of biological and environmental risk factors in gross motor performance, reaching skills and exploratory abilities in infants at 6 months of age. Methods: This is a blind cross-sectional study. Methodological procedures are described for each outcome. (1) Motor performance (MP): 80 infants at six months of age (193.85 ± 9.08 days) of both sexes (39 boys and 41 girls) were included. MP was assessed using Alberta Infant Motor Scale. Biological and environmental characteristics were obtained using a questionnaire directed to parents. The following biological factors were investigated: gestational age, birth weight, birth length, while socioeconomic status (SES) was considered the environmental factor. (2) Reaching: Participated in this study 62 infants at six months of age divided into three independent groups: Group 1 (G1), 28 full-terms with no risk factors; Group 2 (G2), 19 full-terms classified as low SES and no biological risk; Group 3 (G3), 15 very preterm infants at six months corrected age and without low SES. Reaching was measured through kinematic analysis using the Qualisys® system, and the following variables were analyzed: straightness index, deceleration time, movement unit, reaching duration, mean and peak velocity. Furthermore, we analyzed proximal and distal reaching adjustments. (3) Exploratory behavior: Participated in this study 64 infants at six months of age, divided in three independent groups (G1, n=28; G2, n= 21; G3, n=15), as it was described for the reaching outcome (G1, n=28; G2, n= 21; G3, n=15). The exploratory behavior was coded as: fingering, mouthing, waving, tapping, banging, transferring, rotating, alternating, and squeezing. These actions were assessed with two types of toys: a malleable and a rigid. Results: (1) Chi-square test showed a significant association between socioeconomic status and motor performance (p = 0.0013), whereby infants with low socioeconomic status performed worse. However, multiple regression analysis showed associations between motor performance socioeconomic status (β=0.256; p=0.024) and birth weight (β=0.184; p=0.010). (2) Infants from G2 presented reaching duration (p = 0.032, Cohen’s f = 0.349) and movement unit (p = 0.033, Cohen’s f = 0.351) significantly higher than G3. Horizontal hand orientation was moderately associated with infants at environmental risk (p=0.031; Cramer’s V=0.30). (3) There was a significant difference between G2 vs G3 for fingering (p = 0.005), between G1 vs G3 for waving (p = 0.041) and between G1 vs G2 (p = 0.003) and G2 vs G3 (p=0,046) for transferring, to the malleable object. To the rigid object, there was a difference between G1 vs G3 for waving (p = 0.018) and between G2 vs G3 for transferring (p = 0.019). In addition, infants from G2 performed a lower total of abilities when compared to infants from G1, both for the malleable (p = 0.014) and the rigid toy (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Our results suggest that low SES has a greater influence on motor performance of infants at six months. Additionally, infants of low socioeconomic status perform less functional reaching movements than very preterm infants at six months corrected age. Regarding to exploratory behavior, each risk factor may influence manual exploration in a different way and infants with low socioeconomic seem to be at greater disadvantage than preterm infants. Based on these results, we highlighted that low-cost public health strategies are needed, providing to infants who have some risk factor, better opportunities of development.
Tradução e adaptação cultural da “Family Meaning of Nursing-Home Visits Scale/Escala de Significado Familiar de Visitas a Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos” para o contexto brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27)
Andrade, Larissa de
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Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7395879552721664
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Inouye, Keika
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052
Introduction: The demand for services provided by Long-Term Institutions for the Elderly (LTCIs) grows with the aging of the population. These spaces can represent a positive alternative of protection, protection and security, or a negative one that symbolizes the abandonment of a loved one. In the context of LSIEs, one of the ways to maintain the family bond is through family visits. Recently, a scale was built and validated in Taiwan in order to understand the meaning attributed by families to visiting institutionalized elderly people, called the Family Meaning of Nursing - Home Visits Scale (FMNHVS). The availability of this instrument in Brazil is justified by the increasing number of elderly people living in LSIE and the importance of family ties that directly affect the biopsychosocial conditions of the elderly. Objective: To translate and culturally adapt the FMNHV scale to the Brazilian context. Materials and methods: This is a methodological study, in which the steps recommended in the international literature were followed, which are: initial translation, synthesis of translations, back translation, review by a committee of judges and pre-test. Results: The initial translation was performed by two professional translators with experience in scientific texts in the health field. The synthesis of the translations was carried out through a meeting between members of the research group and the translators for a consensus on the differences found. The back-translation consisted of translating the FMNHVS back to the original language and submitting it to the original author for consideration. After approval and consensus with the author, a committee of six judges reviewed and compared all translations performed. There was an agreement of 83% for all items and a version for the pre-test was reached in Brazil. The pre-test stage consisted of applying the instrument to a sample of family members of institutionalized elderly in order to assess all the items on the scale, in terms of clarity and understanding of the questions, in order to identify errors and adapt to the context. Brazilian. Conclusion: The instrument was considered clear and understandable and no changes were necessary. The Brazilian version of the FMNHVS was translated and culturally adapted to the Brazilian context.
Análise de biomarcadores morfológicos em girinos de rã-touro, Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802), expostos a nanotubos de carbono de parede múltipla e ao seu surfactante isolado Pluronic TM F-127
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27)
Dal Medico, Samuel Espinosa
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Salla, Raquel Fernanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1738422158151824
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Costa, Monica Jones
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0578970203313985
This work assessed the hepatic effect of carbon nanotubes (CNT) [10 mg.L-1] (NT group; n=9) associated with Pluronictm F-127 (0,1%), as well as its isolated effect (ST group; n=9), by the analysis of hepatic biomarkers in bullfrog tadpoles, Lithobates catesbeianus (SHAW, 1802), after 96h of exposure. The melanomacrophage cells area (A.MMC), sinusoidal area (A.SINUS), parenchymal area (A.HP), and the number of hepatocytes (C.HP) were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The percentage of area occupied by lipids (A.SB) were assessed using a histochemistry technique (Sudan Black). We observed a reduction of the A.SINUS (P<0,001) for ST and NT groups compared to the CT group (n=9), as well as for the C.HP (P<0,001). In the latter, we also observed differences (P<0,001) between the ST and NT groups. For A.SB, were observed differences among all the groups (CT
Fundamentos teórico-filosóficos nos cadernos “Por Uma Educação do Campo”
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27)
Luna, Junior Cesar
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Bezerra Neto, Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4809080593333472
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6635581536141136
From the 1990s onwards, rural social movements, in particular the Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST) together with the Pastoral Land Commission (CPT) started a fundamental discussion in which they sought to understand the new scenario of categorical irruption of rural education. In this perspective, this thesis was developed in the Study and Research Group on Rural Education (GEPEC), in the Doctoral Course in Education at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), and its guiding theme is the theoretical-philosophical basis of this movement so important to national education. The question is: from a Marxist theoretical-philosophical point of view, is there coherence (convergences and divergences) about its understanding and application/use among the members of the “For an Rural Education” movement contained in its seven books? Is there coherence about the criticisms directed to the Marxist theoretical-philosophical foundation, in opposition to a supposed theoretical-philosophical eclecticism that supports the pedagogical orientation of Rural Education? The hypothesis is that the movement "For a Rural Education", in its eagerness to help emancipate rural people through education, contributed little ideologically to their emancipation, in the mold of Marxism, but rather brought it closer to an adjustment to capitalism. In our research, we obtained confirmation of this hypothesis after a thorough analysis of the philosophical concepts highlighted in the referred books.
A influência da música na habilidade de reconhecimento de expressões faciais da emoção em idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27)
Amaral, Júlia Fernandes do
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Costa-Guarisco, Letícia Pimenta
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9170509383468366
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9854003297710580
Recognition of facial emotions is a cognitive skill, also known as social cognition. Music, in turn, has the ability to evoke and transmit feelings, thus creating a context that can influence the perception of emotions. Despite several studies carried out on the recognition of facial emotions, little is known about the influence of music on this skill. Therefore, this study evaluated the influence of music on the ability to recognize facial expressions of emotions. Through the Penn Emotion Recognition Test, the ability to recognize facial expression of emotion was assessed in 20 healthy elderly people in two moments, the first being baseline and the second called retest, in which the participants performed the test while listening to a song. The participants were organized into two groups according to the music presented in the retest: sad group, composed of 10 participants who underwent the retest while listening to the sad music; and a happy group composed of 10 participants who performed the retest while listening to happy music. The influence of music was verified in each group by emotion and level of intensity of emotion through statistical tests. There were no statistically significant changes between baseline and retest conditions in any group studied. However, when evaluating the responses qualitatively, there is a trend towards greater recognition of facial expressions under musical stimulus. Music did not influence the recognition of facial expressions of emotion in the elderly.
Estudo sobre o efeito da densidade de plantas e espaçamento entre linhas na cultura do milho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27)
Costa, Thiago Marques
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Afférri, Flávio Sérgio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4868650342029685
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9403772336960483
Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the world’s most important crops its cultivation has great economic importance, and for the population’s food. In Brazil, the cereal has great relevance for several productive sectors and presents excellent production indexes due to its variety and adaptability to the conditions of the country. Several technologies have been approached in order to optimize the profitability and productivity of corn. The spatial arrangement and reduced spacing between lines are methodologies adopted for manipulating the distribution of plants and which may impact the characteristics of interest to the crop. Increments of agronomic performance and positive response in production are found in experiments with studies of densities and spacing. Studies have shown increases in the interception of solar radiation, better use of the energy resource in the canopy, reduced competitiveness and better use of natural resources in the management of the distance between plants. It was found that a reduction in the spacing between lines of corn in the studies used, a trend of positive effect on crop productivity.
Necessidades de saúde de gestantes de alto risco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27)
Marski, Bruna de Souza Lima
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Wernet, Monika
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6056127658896265
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4749107550534372
Pregnancy is a common event in the life cycle of many women and its evolution happens most of the time without adversity. However, a portion of the pregnant women may be more likely to have an unfavorable evolution for their health and / or have a fetus, constituting the group called high-risk pregnancy. Despite the indications and the improvement in the increase in maternal death in recent years, Brazil still presents expressive numbers. Its causes can be the result of complications that occur during pregnancy or after pregnancy and childbirth, and most complications that occur during pregnancy are preventable and treatable. As a strategy to reduce maternal mortality, there is a recommendation for return, more return and assertiveness, with welcoming and individualized actions according to the needs of each pregnant woman. The present study aims to discuss, in the light of the Health Needs Taxonomy proposed by Matsumoto and Cecílio, the needs of women who were pregnant at high risk and the proportion of recommendations for the reception of these women and their needs. It constituted a study with a qualitative approach, carried out from March 2018 to March 2020, in a city in the interior of São Paulo. Documentary research was the selected methodological strategy and for the understanding of the data obtained, we opted for content analysis in the thematic modality proposed by Bardin. Documents analyzed were the transcription of biweekly home visits to 17 high-risk pregnant women carried out during the prenatal period and field notes by visiting nurses. It was possible to establish a translating discussion of the health needs of high-risk pregnant women from three thematic units, as well as to make professional recommendations: ‘HIGH RISK MANAGEMENT: PREPARING THE CONDITION’; ‘INFORMATIONAL NEED TO FOLLOW WITH PREGNANCY’; ‘SOCIAL SUPPORT NETWORK: THE NEED FOR ITS STRENGTHENING AND CONSIDERATION’. They reflect incipient health care for high-risk pregnant women, with clinical practice reduced to a biological dimension. Emerging needs emerge to embrace the emotional demand for the elaboration of pregnancy and the diagnosis of high risk; needs for informational reception to achieve good health conditions; needs to recognize their socio-historical and family context, and needs for professional interventions and management of the different care technologies. The context unveiled by the study allows the review of clinical practices and signals recommendations to professionals for care displaced from the reduced clinic based on dialogic bets.
A adesão dos municípios na implementação do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar: uma análise exploratória no Sudoeste Paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27)
Lopes Junior, Edmilson Carlos de Almeida
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Montebello, Adriana Estela Sanjuan
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Grigoletto, Fábio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326971138357942
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2398917544592259
The National School Feeding Program, responsible for feeding more than 40 million schoolchildren across the national territory, defined, in 2009, a mini-mum of 30% of all resources transferred to states and municipalities by the Na-tional Education Development Fund for the purchase of food produced by fam-ily farmers, with the aim of promoting the development of that category at a lo-cal level. However, the program has faced operational barriers. Twelve years after the implementation of Law 11.947/2009, many municipalities are still un-able to reach the minimum values, and many other even do not acquire any value. This work purposes to identify conditioning factors of the adherence to the purchase of family agriculture by the municipalities. To this end, we divided the work into article-chapters, trying to understand the various spheres of the execution of the program. The first article presents a history of changes in the legal regulatory framework since the implementation of Law 11.947/2009, seek-ing to understand how they allowed, or not, the greater applicability of the law. The second article provides an overview of the program's execution in the state of São Paulo, using the intermediate regions and municipalities of the state as a spatial reference, where an exploratory analysis of the influence of the pres-ence of family farming in the region and the size of the municipalities is carried out. Finally, the third article conducts an exploratory analysis of the construc-tion of public calls in the São Paulo's Southwest region, identifying the tech-nical challenges of preparing this purchase instrument. This work made it pos-sible to identify constraints and obstacles to the applicability of the purchase of foodstuffs from family farming and to design a research agenda for the analy-sis of state capacities in the application of school income as a tool to promote family farming.
Capitalismo de vigilância e produção de subjetividade por meio de algoritmos: uma análise discursivo-mediológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27)
Ferreira, Ana Elisa Sobral Caetano da Silva
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Salgado, Luciana Salazar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5206927424265495
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0322712366911621
The beginning of Google, as a company in 1998, was not only a milestone in the way of hierarchizing information on the World Wide Web, but it also introduced evidence of how computer programming would have a deep impact on the future of humanity. Such impacts have surpassed the limits of the on-line experience and laid the foundations for a mutation in the capitalist system called by Shoshana Zuboff (2019) “surveillance capitalism”. The goal of this study, which the methodology perspective is discursive-midiological (SALGADO; OLIVA, 2019), is to reflect on how this mutation interferes with the subject interpellation process (PÊCHEUX, 2014a [1975]), considering the production of subjectivities (BRUNO, 2004) and the algorithmic direction. The central hypothesis debated throughout this thesis is that the subject-data position (FARIA, 2016) interferes with the individual's path of the subject-browser position (ROMÃO; MOREIRA, 2008) both online and offline. That is, for the first time in history, the advent of artificial intelligence (IA) allowed a computational language to create profiles of its users, by collecting data and thus directing future choices. The corpus, composed of diverse examples of discursive genres (MAINGUENEAU, 2008b), points to a discourse formation that seeks to stabilize the imagery neutrality of digital technology, silencing the process of naturalization of extraction practices, data mining, and behavior modulation (SILVEIRA, 2017) typical of surveillance capitalism. Such practices destabilize meanings connected to the imagery of free speech and democracy rooted in American values expressed in the United States Constitution, a document that influenced several countries in the constitution of their laws.
Uma análise discursiva de normativas oficiais argentinas sobre o ensino de português língua estrangeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27)
Moraes, Camila Ribeiro Corrêa de
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Brito, Luiz André Neves de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6863292359239733
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5496819045609424
La elección de los idiomas que enseñará el sistema educativo de un país no es una cuestión de azar, sino que refleja cuestiones políticas, históricas, económicas, sociales, etc. Debido al interés por la enseñanza del portugués como lengua extranjera (PLE), investigamos los discursos presentes en la normativa oficial del Estado argentino relacionados con esta enseñanza. A la luz del Análisis del Discurso francés (AD), y movilizando conceptos como archivo, memoria discursiva y condiciones de producción, analizamos los significados presentes en estos documentos oficiales, relacionándolos con el exterior. Para ello, el mapeo de las normativas y su posterior análisis se estructuró en un fragmento de discursos oficiales producidos por distintas instancias del Estado argentino sobre la enseñanza del portugués, obtenidos a través de una investigación documental realizada en el Portal Oficial del Estado argentino. Con esta búsqueda se encontró una gran cantidad de documentos normativos de diversas clases, como leyes, protocolos y convenios, los cuales se relacionan en mayor o menor grado con la enseñanza de PLE. Entre los resultados encontrados por la búsqueda que fueron descritos y analizados se encuentran las Leyes argentinas n. 12.766, que tratan de la inclusión del portugués en los planes de estudio de las instituciones públicas para la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras en la educación secundaria; Ley n. 23.981, que aprueba el tratado suscripto para la Constitución de un Mercado Común del Sur (Mercosur), en que los idiomas oficiales son el español y el portugués; Ley n. 25.181, que aprueba el Convenio de Cooperación Educativa suscripto entre Argentina y Brasil, que abarca en uno de sus artículos la enseñanza de idiomas y la Creación de Cátedras de Portugués y Español en los respectivos países; y la Ley n. 26.468, cuyo principal objetivo es la inclusión obligatoria de una propuesta curricular para la enseñanza de PLE en las escuelas secundarias pertenecientes al sistema educativo nacional. En conformidad con los fundamentos teóricos de esta investigación y a través del análisis, se evidencian algunos aspectos de las condiciones de producción de estas normas y de qué manera algunas de las Leyes pueden ser consideradas discursos de rupturareestructuración de memorias discursivas ya estabilizadas, considerándose así acontecimientos discursivos.
Formação e atuação em coensino dos egressos de licenciatura em educação especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-27)
Stopa, Paula Cristina
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Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9534605602964726
This study problematizes the initial training of Special Education teachers and the acting model based on co-teaching or collaborative teaching. The theoretical framework adopted in this study is based on the tripod: legal frameworks of the Special Education policy in Brazil; background on the training of specialized teachers for school inclusion; and the concept of Co-teaching or Collaborative Teaching as a Model for Provision of Services provided to PAEE students, as presented in the Special Education literature. The general objective was to analyze and evaluate the Degree courses in Special Education (LEEsp), in the aspect of training for acting in Co-teaching, understanding the training experiences provided and the perspective of professionals who graduated from Degree courses in Special Education. The specific objectives were: i. Analyze training experiences in the curriculum of LEEsp courses; ii. Identify the space of professional performance, in co-teaching, of graduates in LEEsp; iii. To analyze the influence of training bases in Co-teaching on the performance of professionals who graduated from LEEsp courses; and iv. Identify and analyze the training experiences lived and how they contributed to the training of professionals who graduated from LEEsp. The design involved a descriptive research study with a qualitative focus, having as context two LEEsp courses (Federal University of Santa Maria and Federal University of São Carlos) and involved 51 Special Education teachers graduated from LEEsp courses. The study took place in the following stages: 1) Survey with 51 professors who graduated from both courses, with collections via Google Form; 2) Study on formative and acting experiences in Co-teaching, based on semi-structured interviews with 17 participants; 3) Documentary study of the political pedagogical projects of the LEEsp courses. The results involve analysis of the training experiences contained in the LEEsp course curriculum; the spaces of professional performance in co-teaching of graduates in LEEsp; the influence of training bases in Co-teaching on the performance of professionals who graduated from LEEsp courses; and how the training experiences lived contributed to the training of professionals who graduated from LEEsp. It was concluded that the curriculum has provided training for the collaborative work articulated between the Special Educator and the common Educator, demonstrating that the courses have revised the acting models of this professional, changing the vision of training the special educator to work only in extra care common class with promising results. It was observed that the initial training enabled changes in the interviewees' lives, positively impacting the construction of the professionals' identity. However, the performance in Collaborative Education still appears limited due to the extra-class specialized educational service model that has been prioritized by the national policy on Special Education since the mid 2000s.
Obtenção de compostos bioativos de Cambuí Roxo (Eugenia candolleana) por diferentes métodos de extração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-28)
Freitas, Vitória de Cassia Maurino
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Prado, Juliana Martin do
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2780365724645818
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Mello, Beatriz Camargo Barros de Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0561319136884757
Due to the vast wealth of fauna and flora in the country, Brazil has a wide variety of natural products. However, this collection is poorly studied, ignoring the benefits of several species. Based on this concern, studies of bioactive compounds in vegetables are of great importance and show a promising trend in the development of new products. Among the varied Brazilian native plant species that have been little studied, there is the rainforest plum (Eugenia candolleana). The fruit has great potential for compounds of interest, in addition to having a high vitamin C content, and it’s industrial interest is notable. The methodologies of extraction by hydrodistillation, ultrasound assisted extraction, Soxhlet, percolation and agitation were applied in the course of 120 min, using ethanol as solvent.. In the hydrodistillation method, satisfactory results were not obtained, while extraction via Soxhlet resulted in a higher yield (66%). Due to the differences observed in each analysis, the best extraction method will depend on your final objective: higher yield (hot extraction); or higher concentration of phenolic compounds (Soxhlet and consolidated).
Dual energy X-Ray absorptiometry: desenvolvimento, validação e reprodutibilidade de recomendações técnicas para osteoartrite de ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-28)
Araújo, Camila Marques de
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Vasilceac, Fernando Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1220838672192063
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9439699688134971
Objective: The aim of the present study is to develop, validate and make reproducible standardized anatomical regions of interest for bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMO) of rat knee at different times of osteoarthritis (OA) by formulating a guide to recommendations techniques for using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Methodology: 7 male winstar rats were used, divided into 2 groups entitled Osteoarthritis (OA) (n=6) and Test (T) (N=1). The OA group underwent transection of the anterior cruciate ligament for OA induction in the 14th week. The animals were anesthetized and scanned by DXA at the 14th, 19th and 24th weeks. After the scan, all images of the animals were analyzed using the software in specific and high-resolution small animal mode (resolution: 311 μm²) and anatomical regions of interest were made in the bones often associated with OA of the knee, femur and tibia. they were named Distal Femur and Proximal Tibia. In sequence, the technical recommendations guide was developed, validated and made reproducible, with norms and standardizations of the techniques for using the DXA, containing specific guidelines for the pre and post-test and preparation of regions of interest. The evaluators were divided into two groups with 2 members each, the evaluators were classified as experienced and inexperienced. Training was carried out to perform the positioning of the animal and selection of regions of interest for experienced and inexperienced evaluators. The evaluators carried out the proposed activities following the new recommendation guide made without any interference from the researcher using the group T mouse. Results: The validations of the regions of interest together with the formulation of technical recommendations formulated a valid and reliable basis for evaluating the BMD and CMO at different times of knee OA. Conclusion: The uses of the validated regions of interest and the recommendations guide make analyzes objective and less biased, increasing the efficiency of research standardization.
Mobilização precoce no cuidado intensivo: indicadores de qualidade após implementação de um programa multiprofissional, conhecimentos e práticas fisioterapêuticas no contexto pandêmico nacional e nova proposta de intervenção motora para pacientes comatosos críticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-28)
Biazon, Thaís Marina Pires de Campos
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Libardi, Cleiton Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8953409094842074
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Mendes, Renata Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9634590922242052
The material of this thesis is composed of three studies that deal with a common theme, motor rehabilitation in the intensive care unit (ICU) applied through early mobilization (EM) as shown below. The EM was able to promote positive effects on intensive care quality indicators in economically developed countries where resources and other facilitators are more available. However, there is no evidence of these effects in countries of medium to low economic development. Therefore, the first study of this thesis was designed with the objective of investigating the effects of the multiprofessional implementation of EM on indicators of quality of intensive care in Brazil. EM results in a reduction of intensive care unit acquired atrophy (ICUAA) with benefits for the reduction of mortality. However, there is no information about this knowledge on the part of intensive care physiotherapists and on their clinical practices and barriers to motor therapies for reducing ICUAA in critically comatose patients with COVID-19 in Brazil. Thus, the second study of this thesis was developed aiming to investigate the knowledge and practices of intensive care physiotherapists and the barriers to such therapies in this type of patient. Finally, ICUAA and intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICUAW) are associated with high mortality, reduced physical function and quality of life. The blood flow restriction (BFR) method associated with passive mobilization (PM) (BFRp) was able to reduce ICUAA in comatose patients and BFR associated with the neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) to increase muscle mass in patients with spinal cord injury. Despite this, BFR can promote unknown repercussions on the cardiovascular system of critically comatose patients. Therefore, the third study of this thesis was proposed with the aim of describing a pilot study protocol for a randomized and controlled clinical trial that allows investigating the effect of BFRp and BFRp combined with NMES (BFRpE) on cardiovascular safety and applicability and on neuromuscular adaptations, physical function and quality of life of critically comatose patients. The results of these studies may contribute to the advancement of the practice of rehabilitation in intensive care, strengthening the evidence of motor rehabilitation as a health strategy, reducing conceptual barriers for the implementation of intensive rehabilitation in environments with few financial and material resources and, therefore, contribute to the call by the World Health Organization to improve global motor rehabilitation (Rehabilitation 2030: A Call for Action).
Limites e potencialidades da utilização de técnicas compensatórias no manejo de águas pluviais em áreas já urbanizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-28)
Lopes, Bruna Lamorea Veiga
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Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9371809832575049
With the growth of urban areas, the problems are result of waterproofing in the soil aggravated by the use of drainage techniques that do not adequately deal with issue. The called Compensatory Techniques (CT) appeared as an alternative to bring the cycleof urban rainwater closer to normal cycles. However, the use of CT is often associated with situations in which urbanization will still be carried out, disregaring previously occupied areas. In this sense, the objetive os this work was to evaluate the limits and potentialities of the application of CT in already urbanized areas. For this, variables were identified in the literature that should be considered for the choice and implementation of CT. New variables specifically related to already urbanized areas was added and the final systematization results in a set that can be used in this type of area. The set of variables was applied in differents urbanization situations in the microbasin of Strem of Servidão, in Araraquara-SP, in the order to assess the conditions of employment of CT. To have an order of magnitude of the effects of the CT, the pre-dimensioning of some alternatives was also done. The results indicated that the variables used can contribute to better define the use of CT in already urbanized areas, with consideration of some additional concerns, but with potential for application, which can be enhanced by the combination of different techniques. This, it was observed that there a potential for application, especially for mal-sized CT, and better results can be obtained with the combination o diferente techniques.
Expressões das violências de gênero no cotidiano de terapeutas ocupacionais no campo da saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-28)
Farias, Aline Zacchi
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Ferigato, Sabrina Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3248396158325409
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2704188078319200
The patriarchal social structure produces modes of subjectivation that reduce women's possibilities of choice and sustain individual and collective violence in everyday life. This research starts from the Keleman idea of “bodies/experiences”, as a vital motion to exist, comprising the Occupational Therapy-body, a predominantly female profession, to portray the gender violence experienced by occupational therapists. The objective was to understand the perceptions of women occupational therapists, working in health services, about gender violence in their everyday lives, utilizing the methodological framework of cartography and theoretical assumptions from feminist epistemologies. Sixty-seven responses from occupational therapists were analyzed among 1018 respondents to a remote questionnaire produced by the Adelaides collective in a research on experiences of gender violence in Brazil experienced by women in the field of Public Health. The questionnaire was organized in five sections (socioeconomic data; professional and academic experience; social engagement and political activism; experiences involving sexism and violence; maternity) with narrative and multiple choice questions. Numerical data were analyzed using simple statistics and qualitative data using the analytical technique of translating the narratives, which involves the analysis of what can be commonly perceived in a set of signs, symbols, practices, and processes situated in the experiences. The results indicate that 91% of the participants suffered some violence for being a woman in their home, study, work and/or public environments. The coping strategies used were organized into five actions: training, researching, politicizing, disrupting and caring. We conclude that everyday life presents itself as a potential means of expressions, visible or invisible, of human action, whether violent or denunciation actions, assuming aspects of reproduction or transformation of established relationships, such as those embedded in the culture of violence to which women are submitted.
Committee of NAS-based models
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-28)
Sette, Bruno Silva
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Silva, Diego Furtado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7662777934692986
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9342792525603106
Network Architecture Search (NAS) has achieved great results and generated models comparable with humans’ classifications. Automating the definition of a neural architecture reduces the need for expert work efforts and mitigates human bias from architecture design. NAS techniques usually consist of an algorithm to search for the best architecture in a predetermined space of parameters or functions. Due to the number of deep neural architectures parameters, this search space includes millions of combinations, making NAS a cost procedure and may lead the search to overfit the training set. To reduce NAS search spaces’ complexity and still obtain competitive results, we propose CoNAS, a committee of NAS-based models, by restricting the search spaces to perform Differentiable ARchiTecture Search (DARTS). Our results point to improved accuracy over DARTS on two experimental scenarios: raining from scratch and using a transfer learning approach.
Desenvolvimento profissional docente de professoras experientes em formação contínua na ReAD
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-28)
Pereira, Amarildo Gomes
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Anunciato, Rosa Maria Moraes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064136997342775
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4580171553413049
This research, which focus on teacher professional development, aimed to investigate how experienced teachers understand their professional development and also in which ways they invest in continuous training; also, sought to analyze how they perceive ReAD (“Rede de Aprendizagem e Desenvolvimento da Docência” in Brazilian Portuguese, which means Teaching, Learning and Development Network) as a training space. It was carried out in the context of continuous training developed by ReAD, which actions are performed on the Moodle Platform, via the UFSCar Teachers' Portal. For the data collection process, we used the activities carried out by four experienced teachers during the modules developed in the 2nd semester of 2017 and 1st and 2nd semesters of 2018. The research is based on the qualitative approach that contributes to investigating the phenomena considering all their complexity and context; that makes it possible to understand the events from the perspective of the participating subjects. The instruments for data production and treatment were the narratives produced by the participants during the accomplishment of activities at ReAD and the narratives produced through interviews, here called as narrative interviews. The data were organized and treated by reading and coding all the material with the methodological support of Content Analysis proposed by Bardin (2009). Therefore, four groups of analysis categories were established, and from them, subcategories were created, interpreted and analyzed based on a theoretical framework presented in chapters, 1, 2 and 3. The analyzes indicate that the experienced teachers assume their professional development as a continuous process and that the intertwining between teaching and continuous training is essential for teaching and promoting the learning and development of all students. It also points out that training developed at ReAD contributed to the acquisition of new learning and knowledge and also to their personal and professional development by instigating teachers and students to discuss and reflect on the constitution of teaching and on the teaching process and its implications. The research reaffirmed the importance of online intergenerational dialogue for professionals who are at different times in the teaching career to share studies, experiences, dilemmas, difficulties and knowledge, contributing to the development of individual and collective reflections, resulting in new learning for all. It brought evidence that the working conditions impact the teacher's performance, the development of activities and the participation in discussions in the forums, which requires trainers to find strategies that suit the multiple realities and needs of the participants. In view of these results, the study indicates that the implementation of training activities considers the realities and needs of teachers, the impossibility of separating the personal and professional dimensions and the implications that work has on the personal / family life of teachers.
Sintomas psicopatológicos e situação laboral de profissionais de enfermagem do sudeste brasileiro no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-28)
Alves, Jheynny Sousa
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Gonçalves, Angelica Martins de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6648011576049252
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2830490151580969
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between psychopathological symptoms and the work situation of nursing professionals in the southeastern region, Brazil, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This is an observational and cross-sectional predictive study. The data were collected in the Southeast region of Brazil, digitally, during the period from April to June 2020. Nursing professionals were recruited through the snowball technique, the research instrument was made available on social networks (Facebook, WhatsApp) through a link with an invitation to participate in the research. The data collection instruments (questionnaires) could only be accessed if the participant agreed to participate voluntarily in the research. Namely, the instruments used were: questionnaire with sociodemographic and work information; Symptom Assessment Scale-40-R (SCL-40-R). The collected information was recorded in Excel spreadsheets. To perform the data analysis, the statistical program Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS), version 22, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (to verify the distribution of data) was used, to analyze the association of variables, the test was used Mann Whitney's U for binary variables, while for multiple variables, the Kruskal-Wallis (KW) test was used. Results: 532 nursing professionals participated in the study. The average age was 37 years. Most participants are nurses. As for the association between the domains of the SCL-40-R scale and the participants' work data and social profile, an association was found between the following variables: age group and all domains of the scale; sex and the Psychoticism and Obsessiveness-compulsivity domains; weekly workload and the Psychotism domain; suffering from embarrassment and / or violence in the course of their work since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and all domains of the scale; receiving psychological / emotional support from the institution where you work / study in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and all domains of the scale. Conclusion: The study revealed that the mental health of nursing professionals, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, should be investigated, as they are exposed to several factors that can cause mental illness. Thus, it is extremely important to carry out early psychological interventions with these professionals, with a view to ensuring their mental health. In addition, the creation of guidelines aimed at welcoming and monitoring professionals and the institutions' adherence to their psychological support, contributed to the increase of their psychological well-being, both in the period of the pandemic and in the period after it.
Entre aplausos, vaias e terra: uma análise da construção do discurso polêmico em torno do uso de agrotóxicos no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-05-31)
Quirino, Mayara
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5757014064574939
The discussion around the use of agrochemicals have become intense after the approval of the Law Project 6299 from 2002 – PL6299-2002, named as the Agrochemical Law, by a Commission of the House of Representatives in the year of 2018. Another discussed question was the intention of changing the name “agrochemical” to “pesticide”, which drives us to reflect upon discursive memory and amemory. Considering this panorama, this paper has the objective of analyzing how the discursive construction happens around the polemic of the use of agrochemicals in Brazil, mainly in what concerns nomenclatures. The corpus of study is composed by news about the agrochemicals question, presenting arguments both favorable and against the topic. The research is based in the French Discourse Analysis from the ideas of Maingueneau. We also used the recent discussions of Ruth Amossy (2017) around the argumentative character of the polemic discourse and the contributions by Marie-Anne Paveau (2015) about the concept of discursive amemory. Throughout the analysis, using a diachronic path, we identified linguistics and argumentative choices that are articulated in the building and propagation of the polemic in question. A blend was made among qualitative analyses and data generated from the program of textual treatment called Logiciel AntConc. This software allowed us to organize all the material that we believed to be essential for the study. We concluded that, besides the fact that Brazil has built a strong negative image in relation to the agrochemical in its discourses through history, the media does not follow this line of thoughts. There are more materials that are favorable than against, and even the impartial people, when we deepen the analysis, reveal a more prone argument toward the pro-agrochemical discourse. Besides that, we observed that the terms related to agrochemicals are not synonyms, but actually arguments of ideological groups, and that the media did not give the due attention that the question of the nomenclature deserves in the analyzed piece.