Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2021-10-11"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 8701

Uma voz para a América Latina? A elaboração discursiva da vida de Mercedes Sosa em documentários biográficos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-11)
Souza, Nathan Bastos de
;
Miotello, Valdemir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131819326282708
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4592348231762682
Mercedes Sosa (1935-2009) was an Argentine singer who was fundamental in the development of Latin American music with a social perspective and her political activity raised the militant content of the songs. In this thesis we study the biographical discourse about her in three documentaries "Mercedes Sosa - Como un pájaro libre", directed by Ricardo Wüllicher, 1983, "Mercedes Sosa - ¿Será posible el sur?" directed by Stefan Paul, 1985, and “Mercedes Sosa, la voz de Latinoamérica”, by Rodrigo Vila, 2013. In this sense, the research is guided by a question: how is Mercedes Sosa's life elaborated discursively in the biographical documentaries and what are the elements considered valid in her profile to elevate her to the condition of “voz da América Latina”? The main aim of the thesis is to study the discursive elaboration of Mercedes Sosa's life in biographical documentaries in order to understand how this idea of the “voz da América Latina”, with the goal to contribute theoretically to a recent reflection about discourse in Bakhtinian studies. We unfold this main aim into three others specifics, what are, to characterize the biographical discourse, from a historical, epistemological and discursive point of view, producing an examination of its discursive functioning; to study the discursive elaboration of Mercedes Sosa's life as it is presented in the documentaries in analysis; discuss the meanings of the epithet “voz da América Latina” in the comparison between moments of emergence and permanence after the singer's death. The theoretical-methodological approach will be based mainly on the discussion of the authors of the Bakhtin Circle (BAKHTIN, 2011, 2015, MEDVIÉDEV, 2012, VOLÓCHINOV, 2017) on the meeting of discourses, through comparison, based on the notions of transmission, understanding and evaluation of the speech of the other. We organized the thesis in three parts. In part I, we characterize the biographical discourse and delimit the ways to understand it; in part II, we analyze fragments of chronologically organized documentaries and perceive the affirmation of conditioning elements for the epithet “a voz da América Latina”; in part III, we present the emergence and permanence of the epithet from an analysis of its meanings, we consider that this part contains the validating elements for Mercedes Sosa to be considered “a voz da América Latina”. Finally, we enunciate the thesis defended in this work: her voice, the militant content of the songs, the historical-political period, the previous life, the political struggle, the Latin American connection are ingredients in the discursive elaboration of Mercedes Sosa's life in the biographical documentaries and help to consolidate the edifying values related to the epithet “voz da América Latina”. The combination of these factors legitimizes that the name Mercedes Sosa is raised to the status of voice of the continent, once one considers the adherence of her singing profession – despite the other intellectuals and artists active at the same time – her vocal power, the questions that the repertoire presented and, above all, her political action.
Exercise-based rehabilitation delivery models in comorbid chronic pulmonary disease and chronic heart failure
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-13)
Silva, Audrey Borghi
;
Garcia-Araújo, Adriana Sanches
;
Winkermann, Eliane
;
Caruso, Flávia Rossi
;
Bassi-Dibai, Daniela
Financiamento eleitoral: disputas e estratégias em torno da votação e aplicação do Fundo Especial de Financiamento de Campanhas (FEFC)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-13)
Silva, Nathália Letícia de Pina
;
Kerbauy, Maria Teresa Miceli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4762029784021248
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8961206170263445
The present research aims to understand the incentives that defined the voting and distribution strategies of the Special Fund for Campaign Financing. The general objective of the research was to analyze the voting process for implementing the Electoral Fund and the party strategies for its distribution in the 2018 general elections. electoral campaigns that were approaching, we tried to understand if 1) the volume of resources for each political party determined the vote of parliamentarians; and whether 2) the dispute for majority positions was concentrated in parties with the greatest funding from the FEFC. In this way, we seek to answer the following question: What incentives defined the FEFC voting and distribution strategies? The specific objectives that guide this research consist of: 1) Identifying the changes in Law No. 9,504/97 that affected the 2018 electoral process, especially with regard to articles dealing with campaign financing; 2) analyze the political disputes in both National Chambers around the vote for the creation of the FEFC; 3) understand to what extent the changes impacted party resource distribution strategies; 4) analyze the accountability of parties that had candidates for the 2018 election. For this, we propose a comparative analysis, combined with the rational choice neo-institutionalism approach to investigate the motivations and reorganization of political parties in this electoral process. In addition, we will carry out a qualitative analysis of the voting speeches of the project that culminated in Law No. 13.487/2017 and a quantitative analysis of the party's accountability (expenses) in the 2018 election.
Síntese da SBA-15 funcionalizada com aminossilanos e sua aplicação na condensação aldólica entre o furfural e a acetona
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-14)
Lima, Marcelo Souza
;
Marques, Clelia Mara de Paula
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451284088402660
;
Gallo, Jean Marcel Ribeiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3485408327490746
The petroleum is used to manufacture plastics, solvents and, mainly, to produce fuels. However, some factors such as fluctuation in the price of the barrel, its non-renewable origin and the release of greenhouse gases make it necessary to diversify this energy matrix. In this way, furfural, derived from a renewable source, can undergo aldol condensation with ketone and form aviation kerosene precursors. This reaction is catalyzed by acid or base, however, studies in the literature show that heterogeneous catalysts do not have stability, with loss of the material's active phase, suffer from deactivation and, mainly, have low product selectivity (1E,4E)-1,5-di (furan-2-yl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (F₂Ac). Therefore, in this work, catalysts are proposed in order to increase the efficiency of materials in this reaction. Therefore, in Chapter 1, mesoporous materials of the SBA-15 family were synthesized functionalized with: (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), 3-(2-Imidazolin-1-yl)propyltriethoxysilane (IMPTES), (3-anilinopropyl)trimethoxysilane (PAPTMS) that would give basic properties to materials. Thus, they were characterized by X-Ray diffraction, Infrared spectroscopy, thermal (TGA) and CHN elemental analysis. In addition, catalytic tests were carried out that investigated the best experimental conditions and revealed that the SBA-15-APTES material has the best activity, fully converting furfural and being 47% selective to the product (1E,4E)-1,5-di (furan-2-yl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (F₂Ac) of greatest interest and 7% to (E)-4-(furan-2-yl)but-3-en-2-one (FAc). In chapter 2, the synthesis of materials with Sn (IV) is proposed, which would give acidic Lewis properties, aiming to stabilize the enolate anion formed from F₂Ac and functionalized with the aforementioned silanizing agents that confer basicity. Then, the catalysts were synthesized by post-functionalization of Sn-SBA-15 precursor materials and characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, ICP-OES and by the analyzes already mentioned in the previous chapter. In the catalytic tests all materials were active, however, the results revealed that the acidity did not contribute to the desired action.
Análise de polaridade e de tópicos em tweets no domínio da política no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-14)
Capellaro, Leonardo
;
Caseli, Helena de Medeiros
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6608582057810385
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1323489363246457
The political scenario in Brazil is one of the busiest and most controversial in the last decade. With the advent of social networks, a new communication channel between voters and politicians was created, with users having a space to publish their opinions, beliefs and also follow the posts of other people. In this context, this work shows the performance of BERT models in the polarity (positive, negative or neutral) and topic analysis of tweets related to Brazilian politics. Experiments were carried out with tweets related to the 2018 elections achieving results (F1 = 96%) better than the ones obtained by previous works for the polarity classification. The qualitative analysis of the topics (the first one using BERTopic in this corpus) also resulted in promising insights.
Biofertilizantes como reatores em grânulo: sistemas carreadores com Aspergillus niger e Trichoderma asperelloides para ações no controle biológico, promoção do crescimento de plantas e solubilização de fósforo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-14)
Favaro, Camila Patrícia
;
Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0893621842906330
In recent years, the importance of microorganisms role in maintaining agricultural productivity has been highlighted, being essential in cycling nutrients and production of metabolites to contribute to plant growth and protection. All these factors contribute to growth of biological products market. However, studies are still needed to improve and develop production technologies and maintain the quality of these products. Associating the use of unprocessed phosphate rocks (PR) with the microbial P solubilization, we developed a process to produce a biofertilizer granule from cold extrusion, capable of scaling. The granule acts as a micro reactor, where the nutrient of formulation supports microorganism growth for production of metabolites capable of solubilizing the phosphorus (P) of rock, biological control, and plant growth promotion. In the first stage of this work, the P solubilization have been evaluated by Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma spp. isolated and combined in submerged cultivation, using different phosphate rocks powder. At this stage, the strains, and the PR to be used in the development of the granule were selected. The production of the biofertilizer granules process was developed, with the isolated and combined strains. In the biofertilizer granule, an increase of up to 150% in the solubilization of P was observed when compared to the cultures with phosphate rock powder. The antagonism in vitro of the biofertilizer with Fusarium oxysporum demonstrated the capacity of T. asperelloides for biological control. The combination with A. niger did not affect its performance of T. asperelloides. Subsequently, aiming to reduce the production costs of biofertilizers granules and reduce the waste generation, the substrate for microorganisms cultivation (rice grains) was used as a nutrient source in formulation. The viability of the formulations in storage at 4 °C and room temperature was evaluated, showing the importance of studying the storage conditions to maintain the quality of the product. Finally, the biofertilizer granules with isolated and combined microorganisms were evaluated in a soil-plant system (rhizotron), analyzing root and plant growth of tomato, and the dynamics of P in soil. The presence of T. asperelloides promote statistically significant differences in plant height. The presence of A. niger generated an increase in P in the fractions that showed greater migration dynamics of this component to the more labile fractions. These results which demonstrated the potential applicability of the product. The production process developed of biofertilizer granule by cold extrusion opens new doors for use of different carrier materials and the development of new granular biological products for direct application in agriculture.
A responsabilização do Estado e a destinação dos recursos do Fundo de Defesa de Direitos Difusos nas ações de reparação dos danos ambientais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-15)
Zanquim Junior, José Wamberto
;
Oliveira, Celso Maran de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9911833172043700
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7672611870413427
Anthropogenic actions impact the environment and restoration of damages is essential and inescapable. The in natura repair of environmental damage must always be sought after and, only as a last resource should it be reduced to monetary values. The Term of Commitment to Environmental Recovery aims at a consensual way to lay out the measures to repair the environment, forming an extrajudicial executive title. This reparation finds legal ground in the constitutional and infra-constitutional legislation, assigning solidarity to all offenders, direct or indirect. The Public Power will be jointly liable for damage to the environment. However, when held responsible for omission, will be in a secondary position of accountability. Portuguese international law and United States law provide that, for environmental damage in situations of irreparability, regardless of cause being the non-identification of offenders or failure to adopt sufficient measures for the return of the status quo, the Public Authorities may carry out reparative actions on the degraded environment, keeping the right of return. The situation favors the right to a balanced environment and maintenance of environmental quality over the use of public resources for the reparation. Therefore, the present thesis, in a complementary setup, proposes an amendment to the regulatory decree for the use of pecuniary resources obtained by the Fund for the Defense of Diffuse and Collective Rights regarding the expression “priority” provided for in the Sole Paragraphof art. 7 of Decree 1.306/1994 and its replacement by the expression “exclusively”. Thus, in the field of propositions for the effectiveness of repairs in natura, this thesis serves to suggest the adoption in domestic law, in accordance with international law, of the accountability of Public Power on adoption of environmental reparative actions, as well as suggest amending the infra-constitutional legislation, especially Decree n. 1306/1994 which regulates the use of resources from the FDD. For the scope of research, factual data was obtained from the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo - CETESB, regarding environmental administrative procedures in which TCRAs in the city of São Carlos - SP. The data is from years 2012 through 2016 and aims to verify effectiveness of the agreements on the degraded environment restoration. It was found that the TCRA was effective in most cases, however, there were degraded areas left without any repair action, justifying the proposal offered by this research. Likewise, the theoretical basis possible through bibliographic review allowed laying down the foundations and all the arguments surrounding the need to promote changes in domestic law for the feasibility of environmental repair in natura in accordance with international legislation. To this end, this research found its guidelines in books, periodicals, scientific articles, theses and dissertations, environmental diagnosis reports and in environmental administrative procedures, making use of the synergistic combination between theoretical elements and factual data extracted from the experienced reality. It can be concluded the environmental agreements are effective and there is need for new instruments for effective environmental repair.
O negócio das chacinas: sentidos de justiça, privatização da segurança e corrupção policial em São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-15)
Silva, David Esmael Marques da
;
Sinhoretto, Jacqueline
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2292335363594754
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-7187
This doctoral study takes as its empirical focus the “chacina”— initially defined here as incidents of multiple homicide involving three or more victims within a single event—that occurred in Osasco and Barueri, municipalities in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, on August 13, 2015, in which 19 homicides were committed in peripheral urban areas by groups of hooded individuals. Following investigation and judicial proceedings, the case resulted in the conviction of three military police officers and one municipal guard from Barueri. However, on appeal, a second jury trial was ordered, in which one military police officer and the municipal guard were acquitted. Through this case study, the thesis seeks to better understand what constitutes a “chacina”, in order to reflect on the reasons why police officers become involved in such crimes in São Paulo, as well as the competing conceptions of justice that surround these events. To this end, the research draws on information about the case, its investigation, and judicial processing as reported in the press, as well as on direct observation of stages of the judicial proceedings and part of the jury trial. It also incorporates quantitative data on “chacinas” and related phenomena in São Paulo and Brazil, in addition to interviews with representatives of institutions within the criminal justice system, including the Civil Police, Military Police, Public Defender’s Office, and Police Ombudsman’s Office in the state of São Paulo. The findings indicate that chacinas are mobilized within different grammars of social conflict in Brazil, particularly since the 1990s, with those perpetrated by police officers—whether on or off duty—constituting one identifiable type. Furthermore, although the Osasco and Barueri “chacina”, carried out by off-duty police officers, was initially interpreted as an act of revenge for the killing of a military police officer and a municipal guard in the same region days earlier, the analysis ultimately reveals conceptions of justice associated with the business of providing private security services by police officers to commercial establishments. In this sense, public and private logics become intertwined, as public agents act off duty in pursuit of personal profit. Finally, the thesis proposes a typology of “chacinas” in general, as well as a specific typology for those involving police officers.
Análise de degradação e durabilidade da argila para uso em taipa de pilão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-15)
Figueiredo, Pedro Luís Junqueira
;
Koga, Guilherme Yuuki
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0933095081175012
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4451104993866570
This work presents an updated bibliographic review on the use of constructive technique in rammed earth, an alternative to those techniques popularized in Brazil, commonly based on the use of concrete, reinforced concrete and, in an incipient moderate way, steel. The choice of alternative materials for construction must be understood by historical, sustainable and economic biases, all of which are related to the mechanical and physical behavior of the material used, its strength and durability. The viability of rammed earth as an alternative constructive technology was analyzed. In a complementary way, a single-family construction model will be developed on a BIM (Building Information Modeling) platform, from which data will be extracted in relation to the amount of materials needed for the execution of the project. Through Brazilian pricing tables (SINAPI, etc.) of direct and indirect costs in national civil construction, an economic analysis was developed that corroborated the choice of one material over the other.
Levantamento de hortaliças cultivadas em hortas domésticas no município de São Carlos e principais fitopatologias associadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-15)
Oliveira, Joanna Laura Massaia de
;
Souza, Sarah Caroline Ribeiro de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5432408406468248
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7244927832540041
Vegetables, also known as greens by population, has great importance in nourishment, and due to demand to bring the vegetable garden closer to the consumer, the urban agriculture movement emerged. These gardens take place in available spaces and with accessible materials, such as vases, tires and flowerbeds. This thesis carried out a survey through an online form of the main vegetables cultivated at home in São Carlos, as well as the main diseases and pests associated with them. we investigated the profile of the participants, as well as the main forms of cultivation, possible phytopathologies and methods of home treatment. In the 103 responses was found that the most home-grown vegetables are coriander, parsley and chives, the most observed diseases were of fungal origin and the most observed pest was the aphid. Although the at-home treatments used by the participants were vague for the problems, they were fully or moderately effective. From the results, a brief survey was carried out regarding home treatments for the pathologies and pests found by the participants. Based on the results found, a brief survey of home treatments was carried out for the pathologies found by the participants.
Avaliação de um programa de formação docente sobre inclusão escolar aliando ensino colaborativo e diferenciado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-15)
Santos, Keisyani da Silva
;
Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9429520073186592
: Initially the basic premise of Special Education was that its target audience students would benefit from a unique body of knowledge that were intended for them if they studied in small classes and in separate environments, applying specific methodologies. Currently, evidence indicates that the success of school inclusion policies is more related to the changes that benefit all students, that is, universal pedagogical measures aimed at improving the quality of teaching. Two promising proposals evidenced in the literature stand out, because they favor the learning and participation of all students, are: coteaching as a service model that involves the partnership between teachers of common and special education working with the whole class; and, the differentiated teaching theoretical-practical reference for the organization of teaching from the recognition and valorization of diversity. In this context, from change of conception to teacher education is a fundamental element for dissemination of this knowledge and possible impact on the schooling of Special Needs Education. Thus, the present study aimed to develop, implement and evaluate a teacher training program, in service, combining the proposals coteaching and differentiated teaching. Based on the theoretical and methodological assumptions of Collaborative Research, a program was planned, implemented and evaluated for 18 teachers, from a municipal education network in the interior of São Paulo, composing nine pairs of teachers (from common and special education), with the proposal of acting in partnership, in heterogeneous classes that contained at least one PAEE student, of early childhood education or in the early years of elementary school. The study was developed in three stages: I) Development of the Teacher Training Program; II) Implementation of the program, and III) Evaluation of the Program. Data collection took place in all the mentioned stages, held in a face-to-face environment, with monthly meetings in 2018, and in a virtual environment, with activities developed between face-to-face meetings. Data related to face-to-face meetings were collected and recorded through field journals, videos and artifacts produced during the activities by the pairs. The data collected in a virtual environment was recorded and archived in the virtual learning environment itself. The analysis of the collected material was based on the procedures of codification and categorization into thematic axes, having as reference the objectives of the study. The main results showed that there was conceptual evolution of the two proposals by the participants throughout the training, since at the end of the program they demonstrated theoretical appropriation basic concepts and assumptions. The practical activities of: evaluating students, planning and executing classes, incorporating co-teaching and differentiated teaching enabled articulation with theory. The objective of experiencing the proposals of co-teaching and differentiated teaching, together, was achieved only by some pairs, who had more favorable working conditions for their development, especially compatibility of schedule for planning and execution of classes and support of the coordination of the school unit. The pairs that did not have these conditions partially exercised the proposals or did not experience them. In the evaluation of the program, by the participants, the content was considered relevant and feasible for application in the classroom, the other issues were evaluated satisfactorily. The experiences analyzed contribute to the reflection of effective pedagogical practices that contemplate the diversity of students in daily school life and for teacher education. Finally, it is considered that the proposals of co-teaching and differentiated teaching, although independent complement each other, can enhance each other. The program showed potential for theoretical and practical training for teachers.
Bandas de predição usando densidade condicional estimada e um modelo LDA com covariáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-15)
Shimizu, Gilson Yuuji
;
Izbicki, Rafael
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9991192137633896
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7533681983634233
Machine learning methods are divided into two main groups: supervised and unsupervised methods. In the first part of this work, we develop a method for creating prediction bands that can be applied to supervised problems. Our approach is based on conformal methods, which are very appealing because they create prediction bands that control average coverage assuming solely i.i.d. data. It is also often desirable to control conditional coverage, that is, coverage for every new testing point. However, without strong assumptions, conditional coverage is unachievable. Given this limitation, the literature has focused on methods with asymptotical conditional coverage. In order to obtain this property, these methods require strong conditions on the dependence between the target variable and the features. We introduce two conformal methods based on conditional density estimators that do not depend on this type of assumption to obtain asymptotic conditional coverage: Dist-split and CD-split. While Dist-split asymptotically obtains optimal intervals, which are easier to interpret than general regions, CD-split obtains optimal size regions, which are smaller than intervals. CD-split also obtains local coverage by creating prediction bands locally on a partition of the features space. This partition is data-driven and scales to high-dimensional settings. In a wide variety of simulated scenarios, our methods have a better control of conditional coverage and have smaller length than previously proposed methods. In the second part, in a context of unsupervised methods, we develop a new version of the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model. The LDA model is a popular method for creating mixed-membership clusters. Despite having been originally developed for text analysis, LDA has been used for a wide range of other applications. We propose a new formulation for the LDA model which incorporates covariates. In this model, a negative binomial regression is embedded within LDA, enabling straight-forward interpretation of the regression coefficients and the analysis of the quantity of cluster-specific elements in each sampling units (instead of the analysis being focused on modeling the proportion of each cluster, as in Structural Topic Models). We use slice sampling within a Gibbs sampling algorithm to estimate model parameters. We rely on simulations to show how our algorithm is able to successfully retrieve the true parameter values. The model is illustrated using real data sets from three different areas: text-mining of Coronavirus articles, analysis of grocery shopping baskets, and ecology of tree species on Barro Colorado Island (Panama). This model allows the identification of mixed-membership clusters in discrete data and provides inference on the relationship between covariates and the abundance of these clusters.
Comissões Estaduais da Verdade: uma análise comparada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-15)
Ferrari, Bruna
;
Ribeiro, Pedro José Floriano
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6336151484882362
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5614895542513659
This research aims to employ a comparative analysis of the process of creation, institutionalization and concrete results of the state truth commissions of São Paulo “Rubens Paiva” (CEV-SP) and Rio de Janeiro (CEV-Rio). The research proposes an analysis based on a historical institutionalist perspective and assesses how deputies, CEV members and members of other public institutions made use of available institutional mechanisms to pressure veto-players and guarantee access to resources and autonomy of both commissions. This research also evaluates the impact of these commissions in each state, measuring the CEVs actions towards concrete results, the relationship between their recommendations, the legislative production in ALESP and ALERJ from 2015-2019, and the assessment of people targeted by the military dictatorship of the work of the commissions. The results show that members from each commission employed different strategies: while CEV-Rio sought to establish alliances of partner institutions, CEV-SP based its work on the support of social movements. This difference in approach led to different results. This research seeks to build on the commissions’ institutionalist approaches and defends the importance of the CEVs for the understanding of the modus operandi of the CNV, as well as the innovations promoted in the transitional justice model adopted in Brazil.
O bullying sob a ótica da teoria freudiana da cultura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-18)
Carvalho, Sophia da Rosa
;
Maniakas, Georgina Carolina Oliveira Faneco
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1207794266426572
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8299259969141660
Bullying is a current phenomenon mainly inserted in the school sphere, marked by repeated aggression and no obvious motivation. It appears in the form of physical, psychological, moral or patrimonial violence. There are several actors within the dynamics of bullying, including aggressors, victims and spectators of violence. These figures were analyzed through the Freudian theory of Mass Psychology, in which the members are linked to the identification components between the mass-leader set. The mass exposed in an unstable, violent and highly suggestible way, can seek its formation based on the specification of a common factor that links the members to the leader and, in this sense, the victim of bullying is supposed to be the target. As for the victim, what is speculated is a melancholy characteristic that makes them susceptible to the role of victimization. The current qualitative-based work aimed to expose the phenomenon of bullying - based on 10 articles on the topic, published on online news platforms, from June to December 2019 and relate it to the Freudian theory of culture, in addition to verifying the possibility of establishing a relationship between the dynamics of bullying and the psychological formation of the mass. For this, content was collected from 4 online news platforms, with the keyword “bullying” and following the criteria: a) bullying as the central theme of the text; b) target audience of the text: children and adolescents in school condition or not; c) detailed and contextualized report of the bullying suffered. Added to these materials, the literature used as a reference for understanding the phenomenon of bullying included Freud's works on culture and texts by contemporary authors in the field of Education. The analysis of the data from the collection was carried out from the content analysis and as a result three thematic categories were created: a) context/troubled situation prior to bullying; b) consequences of bullying, both for aggressors, victims or spectators and c) presence of direct and indirect spectators of the phenomenon. The presence of bullying is discussed in parallel to a social and collective sphere, where the formation of children and adolescents is governed by narcissism and marked by emotional maladjustments, inciting the development of perverse aggressors, passive victims and bystanders who are condescending to violence. The presence of a structure similar to the psychological mass was confirmed, containing perverse traits and identification mechanisms, in addition to the assumption that victims with markedly melancholic characteristics are susceptible to the passivity of the phenomenon. Finally, the figure of the spectator in anti-bullying interventions was discussed, as a collaborator to the school community and engaged in firm and non-permissive attitudes towards the phenomenon.
Degradação aeróbia e anaeróbia de lixiviados de macrófitas aquáticas em função da temperatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-18)
Silva, Roberta Mafra Freitas da
;
Bianchini Júnior, Irineu
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8913921009282499
Aquatic macrophytes are extremely important organisms for the maintenance of aquatic ecosystems. Among the functions performed by aquatic plants is the cycling of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. These elements are released into the environment mainly during the mineralization of aquatic macrophytes. The form most available and readily assimilated by microbial communities is the dissolved fraction). The objectives of the current study were to analyze the effects of temperature increase (4 ° C) on dissolved oxygen consumption and carbon decay of leachates from aquatic macrophytes Myriophyllum aquaticum, Hedychium coronarium, Salvinia auriculata and Chara sp. the effect of temperature increase and dissolved oxygen availability (comparing anaerobic and aerobic systems) on the following parameters: organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total polyphenols, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity, E4/E6 (for determination of the quality of organic matter), secondary production, pH and conductivity. First-order kinetic models were used, using a non-linear method to determine the maximum consumption of dissolved oxygen and carbon decay over 90 days. The results demonstrate that the increase in temperature potentialized the consumption of dissolved oxygen, but the same did not occur for carbon and nitrogen mineralization. Carbon decay and secondary propagation propagation difference for dissolved oxygen availability (p < 0.05). However, temperature had no influence on this parameter (p> 0.05). For both bioassays, the leachate types dissipated difference (p < 0.05). Dissipated oxygen availability and dissipated temperature for parameters total nitrogen, total phosphorus, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activities, total polyphenols and E4/E6 ratio.
Os efeitos de ações formativas nas interações mediadas pela comunicação alternativa por alunos com Tea
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-18)
Reis, Henrique de Candia
;
Lourenço, Gerusa Ferreira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1474728505225459
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1225346739608914
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) aims to expand the communicative possibilities of people with complex communication needs, in which their abilities to dialogue and to make themselves understood are impaired. Requiring visual and/or gestural graphic resources that complement or replace compromised or absent oral language. Alternative communication has, above all, the need for competent and proactive interlocutors with attitudinal accessibility (regarding the perception of the other and free from prejudices, stigmas, stereotypes and discrimination) so that there is a real interest in the communicative development of the person who does not have functional speech, going much further, therefore, of the only recursive approach in relation to its users. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), according to the DSM-V, is a neurodevelopmental condition that is characterized by socio-communicative impairments and the presence of repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. The new definition emphasizes the correlation between deficits in social skills and communication deficits. The present study identify how the interactions between a non-verbal student with ASD and his teachers occurred in the school and verify if the offer of his AAC resource, with direct instructions to both, regent and support teachers, could contribute to the advancement of participation in the school context.The type AB study took place in an elementary school in the city of Ribeirão Preto - SP. Participants in the Baseline and Intervention were: a 10-year-old student with ASD and user of the Alternative Communication Program PECS-Adapted, at the beginning of phase 4 in this program. And his four teachers from regular school. The frequencies of student/teacher communicative interactions were collected during 21 minutes of daily observations during regular classes of the participating teachers with the participating student present. The communicative interactions that occurred without the Alternative Communication resource were observed and, from the fifth observation session, the student's Alternative Communication resource was inserted. The resource used in the intervention followed Incidental Teaching strategies to take advantage of natural communicative situations during the observed contexts and that provided direct engagement of the student and the participating teachers with the CAA. It was desired with this, to provide a strategy of Continuing Education to teachers on the benefits of AAC. The results showed a decrease in conduct disorders associated with the student and positive behavioral changes by teachers as interlocutors after the intervention with Alternative Communication. Thus, the study can contribute as an account of strategies that can strengthen the performance of teachers involved in the schooling of students with ASD and enrich the inclusive experience in this context.
Socioeconomic impacts of university-industry collaborations
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-19)
Lima, João Cardim Ferreira
;
Torkomian, Ana Lúcia Vitale
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2321084184622795
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6220950718233839
University-industry collaborations create socioeconomic impacts for the areas where they are undertaken. Although these collaborations have recognized the importance and a high potential to generate economic and social benefits, there is no consensus in the literature on a consolidated conceptual model for assessing their socioeconomic impacts. Given this context, this thesis aims to build a model to assess the direct socioeconomic impacts of university-industry collaborations and evaluate the Brazilian large firms. The research method was: a systematic literature review of 94 studies on the socioeconomic impacts realized using a Context-Intervention-Mechanism-Outputs (CIMO) configuration, a scale (questionnaire) was developed to measure the impacts sent to the companies in the "Ranking - 1500 Empresas + Estadão” of the 1,500 largest companies in Brazil organized by Fundação Instituto de Administração (FIA) and Austin Consulting. 210 complete and valid responses by innovation managers from companies that carry out formal collaborations with universities were collected. Multivariate data analysis was performed to simplify the model (factorial analysis) and identify the relational structure of the variables (canonical correlation). A socioeconomic impact model was built for large Brazilian companies, with impacts categorized as: Financial Benefits, Technological Innovation, Social and Community, and External Resource Management with 21 variables. There is a positive correlation between Technological Innovation and Financial Benefits: the “launch of new products” correlates with: “increase in sales” (approx. 0.659), “increase in exportations” (approx. 0.549), increase in “commercial value and corporate/ shareholder” (approx. 0.550), “revenue increase” (approx. 0.563) and “profit increase” (approx. 0.536). The “increase in sales” is also positively correlated with the “commercialization of new technologies” (approx. 0.617) and with the “development of new products, processes and services” (approx. 0.534). There is also a positive correlation between Social and Community, and External Resource Management: the "qualification of the professional workforce" is correlated with "the creation of new high-tech jobs", and between Social and Community, and Financial Benefits, “job creation” is positively correlated with “commercial and corporate shareholder value” (approx. 0.556). From a theoretical point of view, this work contributes to the structuring of a conceptual model for evaluating the socioeconomic impacts of university-industry collaborations. In addition, the results bring contributions to the management of each actor in the triple helix. These can be used to guide companies on how to measure the socioeconomic benefits of each partnership, instructing public agents in evaluating the results of investments made, and contributing to information on innovation policies and technology management.
Regiões Metropolitanas enquanto estratégia de promoção de um federalismo cooperativo no Brasil: potencial e desafios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-20)
Boemi, Rafael Augusto Maricato
;
Vargas, Marcelo Coutinho
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8869018482093008
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1130740012805206
This work understands that the institutional arrangement of metropolitan regions is configured as a strategy to promote cooperative practices among federal entities that make up Brazilian federalism with regard to the management of functions of common interest. It seeks to understand the potential and limits of this institutional arrangement as a territorial collectivity for municipalities that chose to invest in cooperative relationships to solve shared social ills.
A influência dos capitais na trajetória dos empreendedores de startups de tecnologia no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-20)
Freire, Clarissa Dourado
;
Sacomano Neto, Mário
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0000793038362058
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2394762081205933
Several studies highlight the positive contribution of entrepreneurship to economic and social development, given the relevance of the subject it is possible to observe the growth of studies about entrepreneurship, especially from the 1990s with the advent of technology startups. One of the main questions is to understand how an individual becomes an entrepreneur, despite the diversity of studies in different fields of knowledge, there is a predominance of mainstream economics, in which there is an idealization of the entrepreneur as an actor endowed with unique characteristics, who acts autonomously, disregarding the social context. This paper seeks to offer an alternative to this paradigm and propose an expansion in the analysis of the variables that make an individual an entrepreneur, using Pierre Bourdieu's perspective of capitals as a theoretical lens. The objective of this work is to analyze how entrepreneurs mobilize and convert capitals along their trajectories and what is the importance of these capitals for the foundation and development of technology startups. To this end we divided the work into three stages, the first stage consists of a Systematic Literature Review (RSL), with the objective of understanding how the capitals perspective has been employed in the study of entrepreneurship and to know the entrepreneur, identify the categories of capitals and identify possible research gaps. After the RSL, with the identification of the categories of capitals, we have the second stage, of qualitative nature, built through five case studies with entrepreneurs of technology startups, in which we seek to analyze how the capitals are mobilized and converted along the trajectory of entrepreneurs, giving rise to the circularity of capitals, as well as to analyze the importance of these capitals for the foundation and development of startups. The third and last stage, of a quantitative nature, was built from a survey with 192 questionnaires applied to entrepreneurs of technology startups and the use of Multiple Correspondence Analysis, in which we sought to perform a descriptive analysis of the entrepreneurs, to identify the capitals mobilized and converted throughout their trajectories, as well as to understand if the social space of the entrepreneurs facilitates the access to capitals and resources employed in the foundation and development of the startups, legitimating the position of the entrepreneurs in the social space. The results indicate that there is a search for alternatives to the dominant perspectives for the study of entrepreneurship and the entrepreneur, and Bourdieu's perspective emerges as a possibility, being employed in this work. Entrepreneurs mobilize economic, cultural, social, and symbolic capital, which are converted and reconverted in a dynamic process we call the circularity of capitals. This set of capitals and this process gives rise to the entrepreneurial capital, which results from the use of these capitals in the foundation and development of startups. Therefore, access to these capitals is fundamental to the entrepreneurial action of startup founders, but they are not homogeneously distributed in the social space. Our research highlights on this discussion and proposes to be an instrument for public policies that facilitate access and dissemination of these capitals.
Planejamento urbano e segregação socioespacial: estudo sobre os efeitos do processo de expansão de condomínios fechados na produção do espaço urbano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-20)
Silva, Bruno das Mercês
;
Burgos, Rosalina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0430255108623706
;
Martines, Marcos Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5317839291904450
It’s usual in brazillian’s large and medium cities the existence of a narrow relation between the production of the urban space and the planning policies. In this context, gated communities arise and get associated to the expansion of the urban space, which produce significant effects in the geographic space. This research aimed to analyze the consequences of the process of expansion of gated communities in the urban space, focusing on the effects related to the access to green areas and leisure spaces. In order to make it, starting by the theoric effort, this research proceed to a comparative study between two sub-areas that belong to the same “census” sector: a gated community whose name is Bosque Ipanema, and a suburbia whose name is Jardim Botucatu, both located in Sorocaba/ SP. Photointerpretation was used, combined to other associated methodologies, in order to produce and analyze the data. The results pointed to the existence of socio-spatial segregation related to the structure differences observed between the sub-areas, segregation that express itself especially on the access to the green areas leisure spaces.