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REMEDY: architectural conformance checking for adaptive systems
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-12) Santibáñez, Daniel Gustavo San Martín; Camargo, Valter Vieira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6809743774407662; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0093122099559709
Adaptive Systems (ASs) evaluate their own behavior and change it when the evaluation indicates it is not accomplishing the established goals, or when better functionality or performance is possible. Nowadays these kind of systems actuate in several domains due to the capability to deal with uncertainties that came from dynamic contexts. Despite the relevance they are acquiring and according to our findings, the quality of the adaptive architecture have not been properly taken into account by software engineers and consequently this lack of attention may affect quality attributes such as maintenance and evolution. A possible explanation is that software engineers are not aware of reference models to design ASs or they do not implement them completely which makes arise a type of architectural anomaly called architectural drift that occurs when the Current Architecture (CA) deviates from the Planned Architecture (PA). Although there are several approaches to identify architectural drifts they use a generic vocabulary to specify structural and communication rules that do not reflect the semantics of a particular domain. In more specialized domains, specific abstractions become important and strongly influence how systems are designed. In these cases, systems involve components with very specific and specialized roles that end up guiding how the the architecture must be designed. Therefore to support the Architecture Conformance Checking (ACC) process in ASs we propose REMEDY, a domain-specific approach that allows the specifica- tion of the planned adaptive architecture based on the Monitor, Analyzer, Planner, Executor, Knowledge (MAPE-K) reference model, the recovery of the current adaptive architecture, the conformance checking process and architecture visualizations. To achieve our goals, we investigate the occurrences of architectural drifts in representative ASs. Based on our findings we propose a Domain Specific Language (DSL) that implements the canonical abstractions prescribed by the MAPE-K and others that are not evident in the reference model. Also, our approach provides pre- configured domain rules ready to be checked by software engineers without specifying them from the scratch. We perform two types of evaluation: a controlled experiment to evaluate our DSL and a quality validation of our conformance checking process. In the first one we evaluate productivity in terms of time and errors by using our DSL against to DCL-KDM which is a generic ACC approach. In the second one we evaluate the accuracy of our checking process in two subject systems. The results show that when software engineers design the adaptive part of an AS with our DSL the productivity increased over a generic approach. Also, our approach reached above of 90% of accuracy in terms of precision and recall at time to identify the architectural drifts.
Possibilidades e limites do uso de tecnologias digitais para o ensino e aprendizagem de espanhol: experiências e reflexões de um grupo de professores durante a pandemia COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-12) Bueno, Melanie Zambon; Gregolin, Isadora Valencise; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015869228676997; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0397450512944041
Las tecnologías digitales cada vez más forman parte de la educación y tanto profesores como alumnos son sujetos activos de esa transformación. Por lo tanto, pensar en la utilización de las herramientas digitales como aliadas en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje significa problematizar el propio modelo didáctico de una sociedad que espera formar ciudadanos más dinámicos y autónomos, cuyo mercado laboral requiere habilidades cada vez más enfocadas en la hiper conectividad. Son objetivos de la investigación discutir la importancia de tecnologías digitales en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera (lengua española), identificar cuáles recursos digitales fueron utilizados por un grupo específico de profesores de español durante la pandemia COVID-19 y problematizar las visiones de ese grupo de profesores sobre las posibilidades y los límites identificados. Metodológicamente, la investigación fue realizada en tres etapas. En la etapa inicial, fue realizada una recopilación bibliográfica en Google Scholar y en Portal de Periódicos de CAPES para que fueran identificados los principales resultados de las investigaciones sobre el uso de herramientas digitales en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de lengua española en la última década en Brasil. Con la posesión de estos datos, fue elaborado un cuestionario, que fue aplicado a un grupo de profesores de lengua española de la Educación Básica, buscando identificar cuáles recursos digitales fueron utilizados durante la pandemia, de qué forma fueron utilizados y cuáles las posibilidades y límites fueron identificados por el grupo en sus prácticas, seguido de una entrevista con los participantes interesados con el objetivo de profundizar las posibilidades y los límites presentados. La última etapa fue la sistematización y el análisis de los datos obtenidos. Como resultado de esta investigación, se espera poder contribuir con datos que puedan orientar el trabajo de profesores, investigadores y diseñadores en la planificación y elaboración de actividades didácticas de lengua española con el uso de tecnologías digitales.
Analise da soldagem a ponto por resistência elétrica do aço 38MnB5 estampado a quente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-12) Pallu, Lucas Gomes; Santana, Jéssica; Bolfarini, Claudemiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037
With the increasing demand for lighter and safer vehicles one of the solutions is the use of stronger steels that can be formed by hot stamping and with smaller thicknesses, reducing weight and maintaining safety. The 38MnB5 is a steel produced for hot stamping that has the premise of reaching up to 2000 MPa of Tensile Strength depending on the cooling rate applied in the stamping process. Its microstructure after stamping is mostly composed of fine grains of martensite, which enable this high strength. Because it is a recent steel grade in the market, information about welding is still lacking, especially information about resistance spot welding, a process widely used in automotive parts. In this way, a study of resistance spot welding was performed for 38MnB5 steel, the material was characterized to define the mechanical properties initially and after the hot stamping process, where the quenching of the material is carried out. The 38MnB5 grade was hot stamped from an existing production line at Benteler Automotive, to produce the 22MnB5 grade. Because it is a hot process and because the steel used is uncoated, the oxide layer formation takes place as soon as it meets the atmosphere, during the transfer of the plate from the furnace to the stamping tool. Thus, the steel was analyzed for weldability in two different surface conditions: after stamping, containing an oxidized layer; and blasted, where the oxide layer was removed. The 8.8 kA current was the one that presented the best results regarding the size and repeatability of the welded plug. Vickers HV1 microhardness profile was determined on the weld cross section, showing values ranging from 350 to 600 HV. The macrography of the weld cross section together with the microhardness values enable the determination of the base metal, the heat-affected zone, and the fused zone. The microstructure of these weld regions varies between martensite, tempered martensite, and tempered martensite with precipitated ferrite on the pre-austenitic grain boundary. To evaluate the mechanical behavior of the joint, shear testing was performed. The rupture force reached was higher than 13.4 kN for all tested samples, where the samples with oxidation obtained lower repeatability of the results. Both presented a pull-out failure mechanism, which is the preferred mechanism for industrial processes.
Avaliação ecotoxicológica de metais potencialmente tóxicos das águas do rio Pirajibú por análises de biomarcadores bioquímicos no fígado de girinos de rãs-touro.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-12) Ferraz, João Victor Cassiel; Carvalho, Cleoni dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7233550271936621; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9519568819875203
Environmental contamination of the aquatic environment by metals is a major concern and has received considerable attention in recent decades. Metals, derived from agricultural operations and industrial effluents, can reach different water bodies and produce toxic effects on aquatic organisms and, accumulated in the aquatic biota can represent a health problem of public interest. The present study investigated the presence of metals [Aluminum - Al, Barium - Ba, Cadmium - Cd, Cobalt - Co, Copper - Cu, Chromium - Cr, Potassium - K, Manganese - Mn, Molybdenum - Mo, Nickel - Ni, Strontium - Sr and Zinc - Zn] in the water of the Pirajibú River, Sorocaba, SP and verified the effect of these metals on the liver of bullfrog tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus). For this purpose, water was collected from two sites of the river (Montante and Jusante of the industrial area), during the dry period of the year, and the tadpoles were exposed to these waters for 96h. As a control group, tap water from the UFSCar campus Sorocaba was used. For the evaluation of the effects on bullfrogs, the following variables were analyzed in the liver: activity of the antioxidant enzymes: SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (catalase), levels of LPO (lipid peroxidation), PCO (carbonylated proteins) and of MT (metallothionein). The data of the water were compared with the limits established by the resolution of the National Council of Environment (CONAMA) no. 357 of 2005. As results, in comparison with the control group, the CAT activity was higherMOntante and Jusante and the SOD was lower, LPO was lower in Jusante, PCO was higher in Montante and Jusante and there were no significant changes in the concentrations of MT. The results show that although the metals were below the CONAMA resolution limit the acute exposure to Pirajibú River water caused oxidative stress in tadpoles.
Análise da sustentabilidade dos sistemas construtivos da produção de habitação de interesse social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-12) Ferrão, Marina Souza; Barreto, Douglas; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369326190168139; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7594610823326091
Sustainability is a concept that involves the tripod of economy, environment and social part. Its application in construction is increasingly present, encompassing the use of innovative materials, methods and systems. The use of sustainable construction has a direct impact on the well-being of residents and their quality of life. In Brazil, Housing of Social Interest (HIS) constantly seeks a lower production cost, executing projects with reduced spaces and low optimization. It is extremely important to involve sustainability in the housing of the low-income population who live in these HIS. This work aims to metrify the sustainability aspects in the construction systems used in the production of Social Interest Housing, having as object of study the HIS produced by CDHU in the state of São Paulo in the last decades. Through a survey of the types of construction systems used in the HIS, two samples of housing projects at CDHU were selected: Guaianazes A and Guaianazes B, with masonry sealing construction systems in ceramic blocks and in concrete blocks, respectively. Starting at information on the materials, equipment and labor used in these constructions, the MATSUS methodology tool was applied, where the sum of gas emission to the environment, solid waste production, energy and water consumption, financial cost, incentive to the local economy, social impacts, technical and performance impacts on recycling and reuse, physical-mechanical performance, technical reliability and ease of transport, storage and maintenance for the production of the construction systems analyzed. As a result, a greater sustainable efficiency of the masonry construction system of ceramic blocks was obtained in terms of environmental, economic and technical performance indicators. In the global assessment of sustainability, the construction system of masonry in ceramic blocks had the result of 52.69% against 47.31% of the system of masonry in concrete blocks in the metric and sustainable efficiency considering environmental, economic, social and technical performance aspects.
A rede internacional de Festivais e a atuação do Festival do Rio: a circulação do longa metragem nacional vencedor do Troféu Redentor de Melhor Filme (2006-2019)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-12) Costa, Nadia Cristina Biondo da; Gamo, Alessandro Constantino; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8208629144314123; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6739744736804170
In Brazil, film festivals have been spaces for the circulation of films for at least fifty years. At the same time that they appear relatively autonomous to other national film circulation windows, they also constitute strategic distribution spaces. As a result, festivals are granted the attribution of a showcase, a primary window. But how does the showcase work? What are the elements and characteristics that make festivals effective and responsible for this attribution? Based on the assumption that festivals operate in a network logic this work seeks to understand the position that Rio Festival occupies within this network and how does this position interfere with the functions assigned to the festival and the works that circulate on the network? To do so, the research surveys the last fourteen feature films (2006-2019) awarded with “Best Film” by the program called Première Brasil. Thus, it was possible to notice a relationship between the festival and other events within the international network of festivals, through elements of validation, selections, premieres and other awards. This work is based on the hypothesis that the festival’s network can work with an end in itself, even if they carry a transnational characteristic that goes beyond their apparent boundaries of action.
Proposta de remodelação e revitalização do sistema viário do condomínio Damha Golf em São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-12) Cardoso, Leandro Serrano; Hirosue, Fernando Hideki; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4091598921285700; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3055971170475602
This work presents a proposal for the remodeling and revitalization of the Damha Golf condominium road system, located in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo. This proposal presents an analysis with a theoretical basis, where the main aim was to correct current circulation failures in the condominium's road system and improve its urban mobility. A set of improvements was presented, such as the flow hierarchy, the critical points of intersections and intersections, the cycle lanes, the condominium's horizontal and vertical signs, and the means of moderating traffic. For this, a case study was carried out, raising current problems and highlighting future problems that may occur due to the increase in the number of users in the condominium. Through photographic records, analysis of the road plan, and formal reports by residents to the current condominium committee, it was possible to map all the fault points on the roads. After analyzing and treating all the collected data, the necessary improvements were proposed, with a theoretical foundation and with the help of software for representation and examples of the models.
Métodos de agrupamento longitudinal: uma aplicação em dados de ondas ultrassônicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-12) Nesterick, Giovanna Passos; Zuanetti, Daiane Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8352484284929824; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6782811389253029
The preservation of buildings faces several challenges, such as the wear caused by weather, atmospheric conditions, soil settlement or even lack of proper maintenance. In some cases, such as historical heritage, it is not possible to carry out traditional destructive tests to verify the physical and mechanical quality of materials and structure. Then, in order to preserve the structure of buildings, non-destructive tests are a great advance in civil and mechanical engineering and these tests using ultrasonic waves, in particular, have been shown to be efficient in providing necessary information to detect damage in the interior of masonry and, so, predict situations. The goal of this study is to analyze and describe the propagation behavior of ultrasonic waves in masonry buildings. The study consists of identifying, by unsupervised clustering methods, different wave propagation time profiles in masonry walls. The methods used are longitudinal k-means and GCKM (growth curve model combined with k-means), one being better known and widely used and the other a little more complex and with good results in the literature, respectively.
Contribuição do uso de histórias em quadrinhos no ensino da química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-12) Florêncio, Caroline Aparecida de Paula Leite; Benedetti Filho, Edemar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5963704923612696; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-671X
The present work aims to show the results obtained with the use of comics for the teaching of chemistry, through the use of a comic book with a first year high school class in the state public school network. The students were presented with comics, followed by a discussion about the chemistry content to be developed in the class and finally the information obtained with the activity was collected. This information was used to evaluate the practice of comics in the teaching of chemistry.
Uma abordagem de otimização utilizando Algoritmo Genético com estratégias de busca local e melhoramento genético para minimização do makespan no problema de programação da produção job shop
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-12) Viana, Monique Simplicio; Morandin Júnior, Orides; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4192845106907956; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2170916137102628
Many works nowadays use metaheuristics to deal with the class of problems known in the literature as Job Shop Scheduling Problem (JSSP) due to its complexity since it consists of combinatorial problems and belongs to the set of NP-Hard computational problems. In this type of problem, one of the most discussed objectives in the literature is to minimize the makespan, which consists of the maximum production time of a series of jobs. As this is a resource allocation situation, to solve JSSP instances, metaheuristics such as the Genetic Algorithm (GA) are widely used. Although GAs present good results in the literature, it is very common that they present certain deficiencies, such as: stagnation in solutions that are local minimums; difficulty in exploring the search space satisfactorily; premature convergence; among others. To overcome these situations, the use of local search and genetic improvement strategies in GA is proposed in this work. Being the first strategy defined in the form of generalization and improvement of local search techniques existing in the literature. In detail, the concept of massive local search operator was generalized; the use of a local search strategy in the traditional mutation operator has been improved; and a new multi-crossover operator was developed. The second strategy is defined in the form of an operator specialized in directing the population to good regions in the search space. This operator makes it possible to manipulate the genetic material of individuals, adding characteristics that are frequent in well-regarded individuals, with the proposal of directing some individuals in the population who are lost in the search space for a more favorable solution without harming the diversity of the population. In this work, the joining of these strategies is proposed in order to define a framework of GA techniques that have the objective of minimizing the makespan in JSSP instances. The developed material was evaluated in well-established benchmarks in the specialized literature and is competitive and versatile compared to the methods that represent the state of the art.
Dessaturação de oxigênio durante a simulação de atividades de vida diária em pacientes após alta hospitalar pela COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-12) Zopelari, Livia Maria Petilli; Viana, Daiane Roberta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2978491508629378; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7128-0543; Di Lorenzo, Valéria Amorim Pires; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9071791546812165; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9804-7445; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2730534787127646; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4858-2324
Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-COV-2, can cause anything from an asymptomatic infection to a serious infection requiring hospitalization. The disease's impairments can be both respiratory and multisystemic, and in relation to respiratory impairments, arterial hypoxemia stands out, which can be present at rest or during exercise, as well as generating limitations in the performance of activities of daily living (ADL). Current researches found that patients after hospital discharge due to COVID-19 may present respiratory sequelae, however, studies that evaluated the presence of a drop in peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) during the simulation of an ADL circuit in patients after COVID-19 are still incipient. Objectives: To verify by telemonitoring the presence of oxygen desaturation during the simulation of an activity of daily living (ADL) circuit in patients after hospital discharge by COVID-19 and to compare SpO2 in ADL in patients with and without oxygen desaturation. Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study, in which patients aged from 35 to 85 years were recruited after the 30th day of hospital discharge by COVID-19. Anamnesis and a simulation of an ADL circuit (randomized) were carried out, involving four activities: walking (ADL1), bathing and dressing (ADL2), sweeping the house (ADL3) and folding towels (ADL4) lasting 5 minutes each. All assessments were performed by telemonitoring and oxygen desaturation (fall in SpO₂ ≥ 4%) was monitored using a pulse oximeter. Results: 66 patients were evaluated, 28 female and 38 male, aged 54±10 years, BMI (Kg/m²) 31±5, median length of stay of 10 [5-17] days, PaO₂ of 67 [58-78} mmHg and SaO₂ of 93 [91-96] % at hospital discharge. Patients had 96 [95-98] % resting SpO₂ and resting HR 89±13 bpm at baseline. In the analysis all patients were normoxic at rest. Of the total number of patients, 29 (44%) had oxygen-induced desaturation in at least one ADL, while 37 (56%) did not, allowing the division into two groups of patients, desaturating group (GD) and non-desaturating group (GND). Regarding the groups, there was a significant difference between cardiovascular comorbidities and diabetes mellitus, in which group GD had a greater number of patients with these diseases than group GND. In addition, there was a significant difference between the groups for SpO2 immediately after ADL, and the GD group presented a greater number of individuals with SpO2 ≤ 90% than the GND in the activity of walking. Conclusion: It is concluded that a percentage of patients had oxygen desaturation in at least one ADL assessed by telemonitoring after hospital discharge by COVID-19. In addition, lower SpO2 values were observed immediately after ADLs and greater falls in the SpO2 delta during all ADLs for the desaturator group, as well as a greater number of patients with comorbidities.