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Estrutura das comunidades de morcegos em fragmentos de Cerrado e Floresta Estacional Semidecidual na região de Pirassununga/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Monarcha, Júlia Mortatti; Rocha, Vlamir José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8044368595391973; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0740842635384190
Bats are important elements of the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes, considered priority hotspots for conservation. Due to their great diversity and morphological adaptations, they are pollinators, seed dispersers and pest controllers. They constitute about a quarter of the mammalian fauna of the tropics, with 181 species for Brazil and 81 for the state of São Paulo, whose vegetation has undergone processes of great exploitation. In this scenario, interspecific competition is described as a determining factor in the community structure of bats that is shaped by time, space and feeding factors. To understand the relationship between species and ecosystems, studies are needed to identify and analyze how communities are structured in the environment. For the region of Pirassununga/SP, Brazil, there is only the study by Silva (2017) on the survey of bat species. Thus, the objective of this study was to conduct a survey of bat species existing in the Cerrado and Semideciduous Seasonal Forest fragments of FAYS Farm, in the municipality of Pirassununga, checking the species richness, diversity and similarity, in addition to verifying how the bat community is structured in these two biomes. The study site belongs to the Air Force Garrison, with 1173 ha of Seasonal Semideciduous Forest and 827 ha of Cerrado. Six mist nets were used to capture the individuals four times per month, each lasting four hours, for nine months. Identification of the captured species was made with the aid of keys and identification guides, and after the necessary information was recorded the animals were released at the same location, with the exception of one specimen of each species that was placed in Museu de Zoologia da USP in São Paulo, Brazil. The feces were analyzed in the laboratory to identify the items consumed in the diet of the bat species. With a sampling effort of 1522 m²/h, 222 individuals of 18 species were captured, 16 of which occurred in the Semideciduous Seasonal Forest and 13 in the Cerrado. The most abundant species were Carollia perspicillata, Artibeus lituratus and Desmodus rotundus, with no significant difference in capturability between the areas. The Phyllostomidae family was the most captured, due to the mist net method in the understory. For the Semideciduous Seasonal Forest area, the species richness indices showed that there are still more species to be sampled, a common result in tropical environments. The communities of the two biomes are similar in terms of species composition, with the Semideciduous Seasonal Forest being slightly more diverse, due to the greater availability of resources. The number of captures showed no significant relationship with mean temperature or mean relative humidity, but night flights seem to be affecting the capturability. Females were captured in larger proportion than males, and the breeding period seems to follow the availability of resources, which fluctuates according to the months and environments. The frugivores of the Phyllostomidae family were the most captured, and 17 plant species were identified, in addition to insects and pollen as items belonging to the diet of all species collected. All of them tended to start their activities soon after sunset, with differences between species according to the food item consumed and the need to avoid competition for these items. The species found are characteristic of environments with a certain degree of human disturbance, and the results showed the importance of the species as pollinators, pest controllers, and dispersers, especially of pioneer plants. In addition, they revealed the presence of more species to be sampled, indicating the need for continued studies in this area.
Eletrificação e transformação digital no setor automotivo: a relação entre empresas tradicionais e novas entrantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Paula, Gabriel Blanco de; Assis, Karina Gomes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4058077286734344; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9121879326774606
The automotive sector has as its main attribution the production of motorized vehicles and it represents, on the world stage, an important actor in the creation of jobs and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In the early days of the development of this sector, in the 19th century, the main functionality of an automobile was the transport people, however, with the technological development, vehicles are becoming more and more connected and equipped with functionalities that permit companies to offer services, in addition to the distribution of physical products, diversifying the revenue generation. In addition, concerns about the environment and the intensification of global warming have led the sector to enter a period of great changes starting with the electrification of its products, replacing internal combustion engines with electric or hybrid motorization. In parallel with these new trends, the automotive sector, as well as other industrial sectors, is undergoing a process of financialization where the transition from manufacturing to services is clear, with many types of companies obtaining part of their profits through financial activities, although they are considered non-financial companies, as is the case with GE (General Electric) and GM (General Motors). For this reason, the investigation about the effects of the process of financialization in their operations, in addition to the research about new trends in the sector, is important to understand the directions of this important sector. In this work, electrification and digitalization were the main trends investigated, given their great relevance in the speeches and new developments of consolidated and emerging companies in the automotive sector. Therefore, the objective is to understand how new companies in the automotive sector reconfigure, influence and modify the sector’s traditional environment. This context was explored through documental analysis on recent transformations in the automotive sector, as well as on the company Tesla, whose performance proves to be significant to move the sector, in addition to bibliographic analysis of relevant topics in this process of recent transformation of products in the automotive sector, such as electrification and digitalization. Attention is drawn to Tesla’s role in this circuit, considering it as a significant player for the change processes that were mapped.
Escalonamento inteligente do consumo de energia elétrica em função de diferentes imposições de conforto térmico e aproveitamento de energia solar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Fonseca, André Luiz Amorim da; Chvatal, Karin Maria Soares; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1750922177137097; Fernandes, Ricardo Augusto Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0880243208789454; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2114469749918131
From the technological development around the world, new solutions are sought for better use of natural resources, including the resources that serve as a source of electricity generation. One of the most efficient ways to reduce demand in the residential sector in the context of smart grids is using Demand Response methods, which are responsible for directly or indirectly controlling the use of electricity in buildings. However, consumption scheduling modules have only considered air conditioning equipment to achieve thermal comfort or leave aside the concern with maintaining this condition of the occupants. From this, the main objective of this thesis is to build and analyze the application of residential electricity consumption scheduling for demand response programs, considering the tariff modality named as white tariff. The proposal simultaneously considers the maintenance of thermal comfort, the use of photovoltaic and thermal solar energy, the management of the residential battery, and consumption scheduling to minimize the daily electricity costs. Thus, the work considered a residence produced with premises of bioclimatic architecture suitable for the climate of each of the eight Brazilian bioclimatic zones. In a second step, different scenarios of the white hourly tariff were evaluated in comparison to conventional tariffs. To obtain residential consumption parameters, public research data related to equipment ownership and consumption habits in Brazil were used. The approach proposes the use of the Givoni bioclimatic chart for hot developing countries as a decision mechanism between the air conditioning alternatives to be used as an input parameter in a problem of optimization of the scheduling consumption of household appliances throughout the day, as well as the energy exchange of the battery with the grid and the photovoltaic and thermal solar use. The results found in the tests indicate the feasibility of the proposed solution for most of the days analyzed, obtaining up to 100% savings, that is, situations in which a null value of the daily cost is obtained, leaving portions of electricity consumption to be compensated. The use of solar energy within the proposal reinforces the importance of this energy type and indicates which cities and climatic conditions the proposed mechanism is most suitable for.
Estrutura da vegetação e atributos químicos do solo 12 anos após uma restauração florestal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Nakasato, Marcus Vinicius; Bernardi, Alberto Carlos de Campos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5588269274851789; Souza, Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5216112068627151; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0626499191472864
With the current state of forest ecosystems degradation due to human activities, there has been an increase in water scarcity, greenhouse gases emissions, and a surprising reduction in biodiversity. With the loss of ecosystem services, there is a growing effort to restore forests worldwide. However, the efforts in the restoration of tropical forests can result in unpredictability of ecosystems functioning, so that a priority is the selection of appropriate ecological monitoring indicators. With the installation of the Small Hydroelectric Power Plant Anhanguera in 2007, in the northeast region of São Paulo state, a forest restoration project was carried out in the limits of Seasonal Semideciduous Forest. A total of 156,000 seedlings from 105 native tree species from the region were planted in an area of 70 hectares. The present study evaluated simultaneously the influence of the distance from the waterbody and soil moisture on the amount of accumulated litter and soil organic matter, mediated by the vegetation structure in the restoration area and in forest remnants (considered as reference sites) nearby. We also evaluated if there was an increase in soil organic matter 12 years after the restoration project was implemented, and whether the amount of organic matter was related with soil fertility. We collected data from vegetation structure (tree density, total basal area, mean diameter, mean trunk volume index, and forest stratification), litter, and soil samples 0-20 cm deep in 100 m2 plots. The results showed that the variation in tree density was due to the colonization of regenerating individuals, which decreased with increasing distance from the reservoir. Forest structure varied spatially when considering both the restored area and forest remnants, and when analyzing each separately. Plots nearer the reservoir had denser and more stratified forests, whereas more distant plots presented higher basal area values. More humid plots, with a denser and stratified vegetation, presented more litter and soil organic matter only when also considering the remnant forests in the analyses. Also, vegetation in plots with higher basal area weakly contributed with higher accumulated litter. There was a strong relationship between soil organic matter and fertility and, as vegetation structure developed, there was an increase in organic matter showing a partial recovery of soil fertility. Therefore, our study suggested that the trajectory and speed of restoration from some ecosystem aspects were determined by the distance from the waterbody and by soil moisture as influenced by the reservoir filling. Further, we found that a period of only 12 years after the implementation of the restoration project was enough to detect differences in litter accumulation and a substantial increase in soil organic matter.
A RolêFeira em Araraquara (SP): trabalho criativo, empreendedorismo e movimento social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Yoshioka, Ana Paula; Lima, Jacob Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244132532446607; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2092672654285628
The aim of this study was to understand how creative entrepreneurs who are inserted in a creative fairs context perceive themselves and the work done by them, what desires and affections they are triggered about, to what extent they employ their subjectivities and values in their work results, and how they justify entrepreneurship. Transformations in the work culture instrumentalized by neoliberal rationality, by stimulating creative action and entrepreneurial discourse, corroborate the construction of these "self-entrepreneurs" figure, inserted in the so-called creative economy. The RolêFeira, a creative fair that takes place in a public area in the city of Araraquara-SP, was used as an object of study. Based on observations with interviews with women who organize the Rolê collective group and other exhibitors who participate in the same fair, it was possible to collect data that helped to answer questions about the way individuals incorporate the entrepreneurial discourse and its power of action against the capital reproduction mode imperatives. In accordance with the "new spirit of capitalism", work becomes the life project of the individuals who see it as a way to meet their subjective needs and to allow them to live their lifestyles and identities, even at the cost of carrying risks contained in the autonomous work and loss of labor rights.
Síntese de som: uma proposta de ensino para funções periódicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Flora Filho, Fernando; Noel Filho, Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5234064498436000; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0875659941963156
This assignment is a bibliographical research that aimed to carry out a study on sound synthesis and develop an educational product in the form of a teaching proposal for periodic functions in High School. More specifically, to present studies of trigonometric functions through activities using applets built in GeoGebra software from mathematical models and the generation of signals that emit a desired acoustic sensation. This proposal intends to instigate the teacher to establish a connection of a supposedly abstract subject with the interactivity and experimentation of the variation of parameters that produces more than a graphic and visual alteration, but that also produces the alteration of the emitted sounds, in order to make the most enjoyable learning. The activities are suggestions that can be reproduced by physics and mathematics teachers without requiring advanced knowledge about sound synthesis, but who are interested in contributing to the teaching of physics, mathematics and their technologies.
Contribuições da telesimulação na autoeficácia e conhecimento de mães diante obstrução de vias áreas por corpo estranho em crianças menores de um ano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Camilo, Beatriz Helena Naddaf; Okido, Aline Cristiane Cavicchioli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4358128584478380; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7957049398987676
Objective: to analyze the contributions of telesimulation in the self-efficacy and knowledge of mothers in the situation of obstruction of the airways by a foreign body in children under one year old and to identify the related factors. Method: this is a quasi-experimental study, of the pre- and post-test type, carried out with mothers of children under one year of age. Telesimulation was adopted as an educational intervention applied through the free online communication platform Google Hangouts®. Data collection was organized into four stages: pre-test, telesimulation, immediate and late post-test (60 days after intervention). In the telesimulation, the video referring to the development of the simulated scenario was broadcast. Afterwards, the debriefing process was conducted, when the discussion about the perceptions about the watched video took place in order to emerge reflections and enable the joint construction of knowledge. The other stages of the research were based on the application of three instruments converted to online format: socio-demographic characterization instrument, knowledge assessment questionnaire and perceived general self-efficacy scale. Knowledge and self-efficacy scores were treated as outcome variables and the independent variables were those derived from the characterization instrument, which were: maternal age, occupation, education, number of children and previous experience with choking. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: 49 mothers with a mean age of 30.2 years and children with a mean age of 3.9 months participated in the study. A significant difference was observed in the knowledge score between the three assessments (p<0.001), indicating an increase in knowledge after the intervention. The self-efficacy scores showed no statistically significant difference between the three assessments (p 0.385). Regarding knowledge, the following relationships remained with statistical significance in the multivariate linear regression model: pre-test knowledge and another child's choking experience (p=0.012); promotion of immediate knowledge with the choking of another child (p=0.040) and schooling (p=0.006); promotion of late knowledge with occupation (p=0.012) and choking of another child (p=0.011). Conclusion: telesimulation promoted knowledge about the prevention and management of foreign body airway obstruction among mothers of children under one year of age. Mothers who had previously experienced choking presented better performance in the three moments, an aspect that reinforces the potential of strategies that use simulated scenarios to promote knowledge.
Efeito imediato da terapia por ondas de choque extracorpórea em pacientes com dor lombar crônica não específica: ensaio clínico randomizado, duplo cego, placebo controlado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Back, Cláudio Gregório Nuernberg; Liebano, Richard Eloin; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1397951221512127; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1392273270684941
The clinical guideline for interventions for the management of chronic low back pain recommends that physical therapists should use an exercise-based treatment program, but when exercise engagement is limited by pain, one of the recommendations for physical therapists is to use soft tissue mobilization to reduce short-term pain and disability. Shockwave therapy could be used for this purpose, but there is little data on the immediate effects of this resource. As the effects of shock waves are dose-dependent, dose modulation by the tip type can interfere with the effectiveness of the treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the immediate effect of extracorporeal radial shock waves, modulated by the type of tip, in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain. This study was a randomized clinical trial, placebo-controlled with patient, evaluator, and therapist blinded. Eighty-one patients were randomized into three groups 1:1:1, concave group, radial shock waves with concave tip, convex group, with convex tip and placebo group, the applicator did not generate shock waves. The three groups performed an intervention session. The primary outcome measure was pain intensity as measured by the Numerical Pain Scale (END). Secondary outcomes were pressure pain threshold (PPT), temporal summation of pain, and functional performance measured by repeated trunk flexion tests and the sit-and-stand test. The concave group showed a significant reduction in pain intensity compared to the convex group, mean 1.44 points (SD=2.9) and the placebo group, 2 points (3.1) and a significant increase in PPT, to the convex group of 62.8kPa (116.1) and placebo 76.4kPa (155.1), post-intervention. No intergroup differences were observed in temporal summation and in the repeated trunk flexion and sit and stand tests. We conclude that the application of shock waves with the concave tip was more effective in reducing pain intensity and increasing pressure pain threshold in patients with chronic low back pain.
Formação de professores da educação infantil acerca dos mitos e concepções sobre o ensino da criança com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Cruz, Daniele Rita; Lourenço, Gerusa Ferreira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1474728505225459; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7759569356275671
In the face of all the deficits in communication, socialization and behaviors that may be present in a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), teachers of the common class feel insecure about teaching this student, as they have conceptions about ASD and how the teaching process must happen. How myths and conceptions affect the teaching of children with ASD is a problem discussed in research and that stimulated the present work. Therefore, this study was developed through an explanatory intervention research, with the objective of elaborating and implementing an online training program on the conceptions about the teaching of children with ASD in Early Childhood Education and to verify the impact on the speeches of the participants during the formative process. The training was carried out based on reflection and discussion of Teaching Cases, and two Early Childhood Education school units from a medium-sized municipality in the interior of the state of São Paulo participated, which has an important training institution on the subject and which has already offered courses of training the teaching staff on TEA. Twenty-five Kindergarten teachers and a school agent participated in the training. The participants were between 32 and 63 years old, with time working in Early Childhood Education from two to 23 years. The training was carried out through the analysis, reflection and discussion of teaching cases of children with ASD, addressing topics such as characteristics, the importance of the report, rigidity, stereotypes, among others, and had the complementary activities syntheses on the topics covered, videos and activities for reflection. Data collection took place in three stages: 1) Presentation of the research and application of the questionnaire “Basic concepts and conceptions about ASD.” 2) Process of collaborative reflective training. 3) New application of the questionnaire in order to assess the effects of training. The data were analyzed in a descriptive way with the comparison of the applications of the questionnaires and of Content Analysis. In this way, expanded contact with the topic was achieved, improvement in the level of knowledge about ASD and the demystification of some conceptions of teachers in the common class with the objective of promoting inclusion and participation of the student with ASD in the common room. The results showed that one of the challenges regarding the inclusion and teaching of children with ASD is directly related to the deficit initial and continuing education, as they approach the topic succinctly and only in theory; and also to factors such as public policies and adequate infrastructure and financial investments. Another important factor indicated by the results is that the knowledge acquired about ASD comes from practice and social media, which cannot be absorbed as absolute truth and indicates the importance of the report for teaching practice. This research points out that the path to understanding and school inclusion of children with ASD, one in which the regular education system is suitable for everyone and with adequate educational opportunities for diversities of learning styles. It goes far beyond initial teacher training with greater emphasis on the subject, but with continued training through reflection on teaching cases and teaching practice and a quality relationship with the family of the child with ASD.
Obtenção de compósitos MoS2 / MoO3 aplicados na remoção de compostos catiônicos via adsorção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Souza, Thais Mota de; Mendonça, Vagner Romito de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4270375873948823; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4731744270780637
Sanitation is a practice applied in society since antiquity in order to promote the maintenance of public health in addition to protecting the environment. Purification of water for public supply is one of the operations within the sanitation cycle, basically composed of physical and chemical steps that promote the removal of impurities from the water. In this sense, the treatment currently used demonstrates a deficiency in the removal of so-called emerging contaminants such as hormones, drugs, metals, among others. Thus, in this work, a study was carried out on the adsorption capacity of the composite material MoS2/MoS3 obtained from a heat treatment (roasting) performed on the MoS2 precursor matrix with the purpose of removing cations. Samples of the precursor material were thermally analyzed using TG/DTG and DSC techniques and through these results, the first calcination condition was established, at 300 ºC for 150 min. Starting from this point, a 2k factorial design with central point was applied. The crystalline phase and the structural properties of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, from which the occurrence of a mixture between 2h-MoS2 and α-MoO3 was verified; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated the surface formation of MoO3 structures at lower treatment temperatures. Through the micrographs obtained by scanning electron microscopy with an MEV-FEG field emission source, it was possible to visualize the morphological changes that occurred in the samples caused by the heat treatment, a treatment that directly influenced the specific surface area of the samples, according to the adsorption analysis of N2 and BET. Kinetic adsorption tests were performed using the Methylene Blue (MB) dye, which demonstrated a high capacity of dye removal by materials with phase mixture. The presence of sites with sulfur (S) of the 2h-MoS2 phase favors the adsorption process and the presence of the orthorhombic phase of MoS3 allows the dispersion of this material in aqueous solution, thus enabling a greater adsorption capacity. Finally, adsorption isotherm tests allowed us to determine that the adsorption is favorable, and the adsorption isotherm model that fits is the Langmuir model, allowing to obtain the maximum adsorption capacity of the samples, with the one with the highest performance being capacity of 286.53 mg/g.
Fragilidade física e social de pacientes com doença renal crônica em tratamento hemodialítico e transplante renal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Santos, Diana Gabriela Mendes dos; Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7395879552721664; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9600314960182339
Frailty is strongly prevalent in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), with those on dialysis being the most fragile. In addition, the literature points out that frailty is associated with a higher risk of hospitalization and mortality in patients with CKD. Although there is a very strong conception of frailty from a physical point of view, it is not an exclusively physical syndrome, encompassing biopsychosocial factors that depend on a holistic view of the frail individual. Social fragility consists of the decline of social relationships and social support that are directly linked to life course determinants. The CKD process from diagnosis to treatment leads to several biopsychosocial changes in the patient's life, directly impacting activities and social participation. In addition, it is known that the social support received by this population, in most cases, is fragmented and insufficient. n view of the above, this study aimed to compare the relationship between the physical and social frailty of patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and renal transplantation (TX). This research is a correlational, comparative, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The sample size was 284 patients. For data collection, the following instruments were used: sociodemographic, economic and health status, Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI), HALFT Social Frailty Assessment Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Support Scale Social of the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS). Among the results found, there was a higher prevalence of physical frailty (HD:93% and TX:54.9%; coef=-1.19; P<0.001) and social frailty (HD:51.2% and TX:24 .0%; coef.= -0.82; P<0.001) for the HD group. The HD group had a higher level of depression (Beta = -0.31 with 95%CI: - 0.56, -0.07) than the TX group. Depression had a moderate effect (Beta = 0.51 with 95%CI: 0.40, 0.61) on physical frailty, and social support had a small protective effect on social frailty (Beta = -0.40 with 95%CI: -0.50, -0.30). Furthermore, social frailty has a moderate effect on depression (Beta = 0.56 with 95%CI: 0.46, 0.66). It is concluded that HD patients were more physically and socially fragile and more depressed compared to TX patients. In addition, an association of physical frailty with depression and social frailty with social support and depression was confirmed.
Avaliação técnico-econômica da produção de metanol a baixas temperaturas pela oxidação parcial do metano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Sumikawa, Victor Iwao Oliveira; Lima, Alice Medeiros de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0038936541518854; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3049449949683651
Large volumes of natural gas (NG) are released or flared on oil platforms, emitting mainly methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. These greenhouse gases (GHG) represent an environmental and health hazard. In this context, it is of great interest that methane is used as a raw material to obtain marketable and high value-added products, such as methanol. Methanol has a wide variety of applications such as used in the production of plastics or as a vehicular fuel, but there has been no domestic production since 2016. The direct conversion of methane to methanol is advantageous because methane is converted to methanol in a direct pathway without the formation of the intermediate synthesis gas that is obtained by conventional processes, thus reducing energy costs. Thus, this work aims to perform a techno-economic evaluation of the production of methanol from methane by direct catalytic partial oxidation. The simulation of the process of interest was performed in the process simulation software Aspen Plus V11©. The thermodynamic analysis of the partial oxidation process of methane with different oxidants was performed to verify the equilibrium of the reaction system and to evaluate the operational parameters that favor the conversion, the selectivity and the yield of the system. The preliminary economic analysis was based on calculations presented in the literature, to obtain the expected level of magnitude for the CAPEX, the magnitude level being a range of values in which the final CAPEX of the process lies. The production costs of methanol from the partial oxidation of methane for a production scale of 1500 tons/day of methanol in the isothermal process with O2 and CO2 for a conversion degree of 25% and yields of 75 and 80 µmol CH3OH/(g zeolite), respectively, resulted in an economically unfeasible process, where the operating costs (OPEX) were higher than the total sales value of the products. Assuming improved yields found experimentally (adopting 70% degree of conversion and with a yield of 360 µmol CH3OH/(g zeolite)) for the isothermal process with O2 resulted in a CAPEX and OPEX of US$27 million and US$5 million per year respectively, and payback of 5 years. For the isothermal process using carbon dioxide as oxidizing agent resulted in a CAPEX and OPEX of approximately, US$32 million and US$18 million per year respectively, and a payback of 6 years.
Intervenção precoce na infância: revisão de literatura no contexto brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Silva, Maria Izabel Alves Felix da; Della Barba, Patrícia Carla de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6448489426438006; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8806123352444017
The Intervention is descriptive of practices to promote learning and with disabilities or in conditions of development of a child development project. In the past it was already called, as infantile, early stimulation of infantile stimulation. This study is justified by the need to bring national scientific contributions to the paradigm shift of Early Childhood Intervention (ECI) practices and the adoption of family-centered practices. It aims to analyse how Brazilian productions of theses and dissertations have contributed to Early Intervention in Childhood, in terms of methodology, approaches and ways of including the family. This study as a quantitative and qualitative methodology the state of knowledge of the art, which allows a selection of systematization model selection, knowing a production of knowledge in a certain period. The mapping of theses and dissertations was carried out on the platform of the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations - BDTD IBICT and on the CAPES Theses and Dissertations Catalog database, with the survey of titles, abstracts and complete works of conclusion of the Programs of Academic Master's, Professional Master's and Doctorate, in the Great Area of Health (Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy, Speech Therapy, Psychology, Health Sciences), Nursing and Education (Special Education). The survey took place in the intervention period between 197 words relevant to 2020 and the identification identified to, which as differentiation97 took place in the intervention period: early; early stimulation; services; childhood; kid. The elements of analysis listed were keywords; covered areas; institutions, states and regions; year of publication; nature of research; participants and research topics. As categories they deal with the themes: it has been named in Brazil on early stimulation and early intervention; survey on the Brazilian historical and political evolution of early intervention actions; of how the services described as early intervention practices and how the description of the family's participation in the services is carried out and a survey of how therapists have contributed to studies on Early intervention. The research will provide a systematic overview and dissertations of recent research in Brazil, analysing the work carried out for the advancement of public research and in the first years of public research. An analysis of studies has shown that ECI practices in Brazil are very far from the principles of intersectionality and increasing the competences of families to deal with children's development issues. The need to bring scientific and practical contributions to a paradigm shift in Early Childhood Intervention practices is identified. It was also found that the model developed and the children with alterations appear more related to rehabilitation and intervention clinic. Finally, considering, if it is a study of overdue investigation, the results of a study on a panorama for future studies that need to be studied, to indicate the development of new interrelated research. Childhood and public policies in Brazil.
Construções teóricas sobre o raciocínio clínico de terapeutas ocupacionais experts que utilizam o Método Terapia Ocupacional Dinâmica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Araujo, Angélica da Silva; Marcolino, Taís Quevedo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7197838515800679; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1045852104533065
Introduction: Clinical reasoning is recognized as a complex phenomenon, intrinsic to practice, studied in Occupational Therapy since the 1980s. One of the factors underpinning clinical reasoning is the framework employed in professional practice. The Dynamic Occupational Therapy Method is a Brazilian framework that has been constructed since the 1970s. Objective: To explore the clinical reasoning of Brazilian expert occupational therapists employing the Dynamic Occupational Therapy Method as the main framework in their professional practice. Methodology: The Constructivist Grounded Theory approach was used to guide this qualitative study. The participants were 10 expert occupational therapists employing the Dynamic Occupational Therapy Method as the main framework in their professional practice. The data were collected through: participant characterization form, individual interviews, group interview, and field journal. The constant comparative analysis method was used for data analysis. The data were collected and analyzed simultaneously. Results: As the Dynamic Occupational Therapy Method was being constructed, specific ways of thinking about practice and acting in practice were also being proposed. Expert occupational therapists who employ the Dynamic Occupational Therapy Method as the main framework in their practice have a clinical reasoning largely supported by this framework. They employ, throughout the practice, three types of reasoning: ethical-aesthetic, associative, and dynamic, structuring their practice dynamically around the three processes proposed in the Dynamic Occupational Therapy Method: 1) construction of the situational diagnostic; 2) establishment and management of the triadic relationship; and 3) dialogical assessment of the therapeutic process/associative paths, processes along which specific characteristics of thinking are also employed. Engaging in post-undergraduate formation and in reflective strategies – such as training after completing their undergraduate in Occupational Therapy, supervision, peer-discussion about their practice, theoretical studies based on their professional practice, and writing about their practices – were factors that contributed to the reasoning expansion of the participants, that became less focused on biomedical aspects and more focused on the health and on the expansion of the everyday life of their clients, based on what is important, singular, and situational for each target-person. Discussion: This research advances: 1) by proposing a grounded theory about how a Brazilian framework underpins the clinical reasoning of occupational therapists; 2) by describe three types of reasoning – ethical-aesthetic, associative and dynamic; 3) by detailing how the clinical reasoning of the participants is dynamically constructed based on the processes of the Dynamic Occupational Therapy Method; 4) by showing that several factors - especially the training in the Dynamic Occupational Therapy Method and the supervision - contribute to the expansion and improvement of the occupational therapists’ clinical reasoning. Conclusions: It was possible to identify that the Dynamic Occupational Therapy Method is a framework that supports a situated, singular, ethical-aesthetic, associative, and dynamic reasoning, which allows occupational therapists to consider, in the construction of their clinical reasoning, several important aspects for a client-centred care, based on the needs and on the desires of the target-person.
Número de sementes em frutos e frequência de híbridos obtidos de cruzamentos com a tangerina IAC 2019Maria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Roverssi, Fernanda; Cristofani-Yaly, Mariângela; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7829946393687571; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4945982498103086
In the Citrus Breeding Program of the Sylvio Moreira Citriculture Center of the Agronomic Institute (IAC), a cultivar was developed, the IAC 2019Maria mandarin, from the cross between the tangor Murcott IAC [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck x C. reticulata Blanco] and Pera IAC sweet orange [C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck]. The present study aimed to evaluate the number of seeds in fruits of the tangerine cultivar IAC 2019Maria and to identify zygotic embryos and possible triploid plants from crosses between IAC 2019Maria mandarin and Pera IAC sweet orange [C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck] and Ponkan mandarin (C. reticulata Blanco), IAC 2019Maria mandarin in open pollination and self pollination. For this, the flowers of IAC 2019Maria were self-pollinated, pollinated with pollens of Pera Sweet orange and Ponkan mandarin, and only emasculated. The pollen of the varieties tangerine IAC 2019Maria, Ponkan mandarin and Pera Sweet orange were evaluated for their viability and germination, and the embryos were identified using microsatellite molecular markers and ploidy was evaluated by flow cytometry. The results of the treatment without pollination suggest that the variety does not produce parthenocarpic fruits, but is self-compatible and, in this case, there is a reduction in the number of seeds per fruit. Pollen viability analyzes showed that all varieties had high values of average percentage of viable pollens. The genotyping results using microsatellite molecular markers, showed that, 100% of all populations consist of zygotic embryos, suggesting that the IAC 2019Maria mandarin is a low polyembryonic plant, which can be widely used in breeding programs. The analysis of the ploidy of the plants allowed the identification of a triploid plant obtained from aborted seed from crossing with Pera sweet orange and two tetraploids, one from crossing with Pera orange and one from self-pollination.
Relatos de experiências nas aulas de matemática na modalidade remota em algumas escolas privadas de educação básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Marques, Renata de Fatima; Peixoto, Magda da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0413910306376054; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6418803039775447
Mathematics teaching has always been labeled due to the stigma of being a "difficult subject", with this, there are many teaching methodologies which can be applied to attract the attention of students. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic established in 2020, teachers abruptly had to adapt to their mote teaching model, having to innovate their way of teaching. The objective of this work is to seek information about the performance of the mathematics teacher in 2020, through research that will be done using GoogleForm. This is justified, because we believe that it is through experiences that we find paths that lead us to reflect on the formation of the individual. We consider that the pandemic-imposed changes in teaching practice and that the use of digital technologies became necessary for remote teaching, in order to be the means of dialogue between educator and student.
Educação física escolar: percepções sobre a eficácia do curso de capacitação do Comitê Paralímpico Brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Ranzan, Mayara Erbes; Denari, Fátima Elisabeth; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6333786846955359
The training process in the initial Physical Education courses, and specifically in the context of future work with students with disabilities, has its history marked by challenges. One of these challenges is to provide sufficient opportunities for knowledge and experiences for academics to serve each and every public. Therefore, it is common for research to point out difficulties in professional performance when in the context of inclusive Physical Education. This reality can culminate in the search for continuing education, so that it gives support and contributes to solving the existing gaps. In this context, it is important and necessary to investigate the proposals for continuing education, gathering information about their actions and the consequences in the reality of those involved. Given this need, the present research aimed to analyze, through the evaluation of the participants, whether a training course developed by the Brazilian Paralympic Committee and carried out in a specific municipality provided a complementation in their training. The choice to analyze this course in question is justified by the relevance of the Brazilian Paralympic Committee in the context of sport and people with disabilities. This course took place in person and was divided into 5 modules, which took place on 5 different days lasting 8 hours each day, totaling 40 hours. The 8 hours a day were divided into theory and practice. The topics covered in the modules were: Introduction to the Paralympic movement; Sitting volleyball; goalball; Athletics and Bocce. After completing the course, those involved were invited to participate in the present research, which was characterized as a case study with mixed quali-quantitative analysis. The research had the participation of thirty-two people with different profiles between academics and teachers from different areas, but the area of Physical Education had the most representative number. Participants answered the data collection instrument, which was a questionnaire composed of 11 open questions, of which 10 were added to a numerical scale that ranged from zero to 10, with zero to two being the “bad” classification, three to five “average”, six to eight “good” and nine to 10 “excellent”. Through the data obtained and examined, it was possible to verify positive results, which met the objectives raised, answered the guiding question, confirmed the initial hypothesis and indicated that the course in question was considered an opportunity to update, complement and deepen the knowledge of the participants in the context of Physical Education classes in the inclusive perspective. Thus, it was found that the training processes are essential for a future professional performance of quality, indicating the need for investigations and continuous evaluations in studies and research around the theme.
Análise de elementos potencialmente tóxicos em ambientes aquáticos da Floresta Nacional de Ipanema
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-25) Carvalho, Mayara de Almeida Ribeiro; Oliveira, Luciana Camargo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6238603150964753; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6211067303954955
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) constitute a class of elements composed of metals, semimetals and a non-metal. Contamination of water resources by PTEs is one of the main concerns regarding water quality and its multiple uses, due to its toxicity, persistence in the environment and potential for bioaccumulation and biomagnification at high concentrations. The Ipanema National Forest, located in the the state of São Paulo, is a Sustainable Use Conservation Unit where there was intense modification and reduction of vegetation cover, with changes in water courses and intensive use of the soil. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the potentially toxic elements in aquatic environments of the Ipanema National Forest. The Systematic Literature Review, presented in Chapter 1, was carried out with the objective of identifying the sources, natural and anthropogenic, of PTEs for the aquatic environment, highlighting important sources of elements of great environmental concern worldwide and highlighting the importance of attention immediate response from the government to these sources of contamination. In Chapter 2, the environmental characterization of the study area was carried out to support and understand the concentrations found and the analysis of potentially toxic elements and physicochemical parameters in the waters of the Ipanema river and Ferro brook. Total metals (TM) and dissolved metals (DM) in the water samples were analyzed. In general, when they presented significant differences, the contents of total metals were higher than those of dissolved metals, as expected, in view of the release of metals previously bound to organic matter in the quantification of total contents. However, for most elements, there were no differences between total and dissolved metals, since the samples were clear, indicating a low content of organic matter, which may have greater or lesser affinity with the analyzed elements. Aluminum, barium, iron and manganese showed differences in terms of spatial distribution. Aluminum, iron, manganese and lead presented values above the established in the legislation among all points and treatments analyzed. The quantified values did not indicate a relationship with anthropic sources, being mainly associated with the decomposition of organic matter, low water fluidity, rock and sediment composition, soil erosion on the banks, pH and redox potential.