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Desempenho da cultura da soja na microbacia do Alto do Paranapanema baseado em modelagem de culturas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-30)
Moreira, Robson Rodrigues
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Nassif, Daniel Silveira Pinto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2969535606899836
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6999338364828129
The soybean crop (Glycine max L.) is the main agricultural economic crop in Brazil. In 2018/2019 harvest it reached almost 114million of tons. Due to the physicochemical characteristics of the grains, it is widely used in human food, especially animals. However environmental variables and crop management are factors that can limit crop yield. Thus, technologies can help to increase crop yield, such as irrigation, different sowing periods and crop models tools. The region of interest, the upper Paranapanema micro basin, lacks data on crop yield in the agricultural sector, using generic indications from the state of São Paulo. Therefore, this proposal aims to evaluate soybean crop yield according to the different sowing dates, irrigation management and different sites based on DSSAT Cropgro-soybean crop model using 12 weather databases from different sites in the micro basin. These will be used to found potential crop yield for each site from 2009 to 2019 harvests. It was analyzed, in order to consider 12 different sites, 8 sowing dates and 6 water depths with available water capacity (CAD) parameter in the soil. The results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey, which were mapped and georeferenced on the region map. The average yield achievable was 2540 kg ha-1, with the municipality of Apiaí being the most efficient with 64.7%. The irrigation depth of 100% of the CAD was more efficient, as well as the sowing between the months of September and December, with an average of 2600 kg ha-1.
Suscetibilidade a processos erosivos lineares apoiada em análise estatística multivariada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-30)
Neves, Monique de Paula
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Lollo, José Augusto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8987677644041247
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1699155238483028
The present study aims to evaluated erosion susceptibility using multivariate analysis. The study area is Ribeirão do Meio watershed situated in São Pedro (SP). Gully erosion is an active and complex process in this watershed. In this study, gully erosion were investigated over 50 years, using aerial photographs for the years: 1960, 1972, 1988 and 2010. The procedures of the current study were developed in four main stepes: preparation of the erosion inventory; spatial analysis through GIS to obtain topographical and hydrological parameters; determination of topographic threshold (SxA) to obtain the gully initiations conditions; logistic regression (LR) analysis to evaluate the erosion susceptibility. The results showed that the logistic regression had overall fit and accuracy acceptable. Thus, these models were used to prepare erosion susceptibility maps. According to the results, the conditioning factors mainly were soil and sediments, slope, flow accumulation, rainfall erosivity and land use. The results also revealed that the map obtained is acceptable and indicated satisfactorily the erosion-prone areas. The susceptibility maps can represent an important tool for regional managers or planners. Finally, the procedures that were used, in terms of developing the logistic regression model was efficient and can be used other assessment of gully erosion.
Um estudo sobre a mobilidade ativa de idosos em uma cidade de porte médio a partir da abordagem socioecológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-30)
Bernal, Luciana Mação
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Sanches, Suely da Penha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3857424839674606
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6245633021120476
The elderly population is increasing in Brazil and worldwide, highlighting the need for cities to prepare to welcome this population, guaranteeing them the quality of their mobility in a safe and autonomously way. This research aims to study the active mobility of the elderly in a medium-sized city based on a socioecological approach. This approach suggests verifying multiple levels of influence in the individual's relationship with the environment they are living in. For this study, four levels of influence were selected: individual, social, physical environment, and public policies. In other words, this study aims to identify factors that influence the active mobility of the elderly and to assess the perception of these individuals regarding each one of these factors. Furthermore, the study aims to analyze the importance of socioecological levels in the active mobility of the elderly. To achieve this, the most cited factors in the literature were selected and classified according to their respective socioecological level. After this stage, a questionnaire was developed and later applied in the city of São Carlos – SP, to assess the perception of the elderly to these selected factors. As a result, it was observed that at the individual level most of the elderly showed a positive attitude towards walking, demonstrating affinity with the practice. However, effectively, most of the elderly were classified as non-active individuals (walking less than 150 minutes a week). The social level indicated, in general, that support received from family and friends is neutral to encourage walking. Considering each factor in the social levels individually, family tends to encourage the elderly to walk more than encouragement from friends. The level of the physical environment of the neighborhood was also evaluated as neutral. Although factors such as the quality of sidewalks, aesthetics (eg. no weeds, garbage, etc.), and safety (eg. fear of being robbed or assaulted) were evaluated as bad, discouraging walking, factors such as mixed land-use and alternative paths acted as practice motivators. Regarding the political level, the elderly believe that public administration does not adequately maintain sidewalks and public spaces planned for pedestrians. Lastly, after evaluating the perception of the respondents, the binary logistic regression model was calibrated to verify which levels were most relevant for the elderly to be active, and from their results, a sensitivity analysis was performed to graphically represent the results obtained. It was observed that the most relevant level was the physical environment, followed by the individual level (represented by attitude) and social support level. The political level was not statistically significant in the regression model. In conclusion, understanding influence levels and verifying their importance is a starting point that allows city managers to plan their cities with a macro view. They can initially focus where intervention is most needed and, considering the elderly perception about factors corresponding to each level, it is possible to individually verify which one’s act as a barrier or stimulus, fostering information that makes it possible to create measures to encourage the active mobility of the elderly.
SiMut: um framework automatizado para apoiar a redução do custo do teste de mutação com base em similaridade de programas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-30)
Guarnieri, Giovanni Francesco
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Ferrari, Fabiano Cutigi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3154345471250570
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8202174867891759
Context: Software testing is essential to ensure that the program actually correctly meets the user’s needs. Aware of the importance of this step, researchers have proposed several ways to identify program faults. Among the fault identification techniques, there is the mutation analysis criterion, or mutation testing, which has proven to be effective for fault identification, but, as it demands a high application cost, it is little efficient and hence avoided in the software industry. Given the potential of this criterion, researchers sought and presented ways to reduce the cost of mutation testing to make it more viable. However, as verified by several researchers, the results produced by cost reduction techniques for mutation testing applied in a program are valid only for the programs that were targeted in the performed experiments. Recently, some researchers, in their studies, have relied on the use of similarity between programs as a way to reuse experiences acquired in programs already tested with mutation testing. However, this is an approach that still lacks experiments using various forms of similarity. Objective: This work presents an implementation and evaluation of a framework called SiMut. This framework was introduced in a previous study with the aim of helping to reduce the cost of testing a program based on a group of similar programs previously tested with mutation. Methodology: The implementation presented in this work deals with programs written in the Java language and includes a set of variants that relate to three types of program abstractions (original source code, obfuscated source code, and internal complexity metrics), three similarity calculation strategies (clustering, distance functions between strings, and plagiarism) and a mutation cost reduction approach (inspired by Selective Mutation). The presented evaluation, using 35 small programs written in the Java language, covers 20 configurations varying the techniques of abstractions and similarities. Results: A cross-comparison involving the formed clusters and a comparison with randomly formed clusters points to configurations that tend to achieve high effectiveness in predicting the best mutation operators for programs not tested with mutation. Conclusions: Considering the configurations selected for the experiments, the results presented several combinations that are effective to predict the best mutation operators for untested programs, where the combinations that involved distance functions between strings stood out. Regarding the program abstractions used to calculate similarity, the original source code seems to be as relevant as the obfuscated source code and internal complexity metrics.
A música no trabalho pedagógico com a criança com transtorno do espectro autista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-30)
Souza, Júlia Braga Rodolfo de
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Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6137243361850944
The work addresses the theme of music in the life of the autistic child, having as a principle the child as a subject of rights, bearer of history, capable of multiple relationships, affected by culture and producer of its own cultural forms, who plays, interacts and researches in contexts of which he or she is a part. This point of view considers that all children and their multiple childhoods have an equal right to exist and live in a pleasant way. The objective of the research is to investigate whether music is able to assist in the pedagogical development of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), adopting the notion that the child is not dissociated from music, one of the expressive languages that constitutes his/her daily experiences, not just at school. It was found that ASD children have the right to music at school as art and play and, for that, there is a need for deeper teacher preparation on autism and on music education for the construction of a creative and democratic Early Childhood Education.
Síntese, caracterização e estudo catalítico de complexos miméticos das enzimas Nitrito Redutase e Anidrase Carbônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-30)
Ferreira, Millena Pereira
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Rocha, Fillipe Vieira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5841127259122766
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Marques Netto, Caterina Gruenwaldt Cunha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8042236152815373
Metalloenzymes are efficient biological catalysts that inspire the creation of coordination compounds that mimic their active site. In this work, the synthesized complexes were inspired by two enzymes: Nitrite Reductase containing Copper (Cu-NiRs) and Carbonic Anhydrase. CuNiRs catalyze the nitrite reduction to nitric oxide, whereas the enzyme Carbonic Anhydrase, acts on the hydration of CO2. Both of these enzymes contain the active site with the same binding environment “NNN”. Therefore, three new tridentate ligands were synthesized, which differ among them by the phenyl, n-butyl and n-propanol substituent groups. These ligands gave rise to the three Cu2+ complexes and three Zn2+ complexes mimetic of the Cu-NiRs and carbonic anhydrase enzymes, respectively. All complexes were characterized by microanalysis, FTIR, conductivity and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The copper complexes were also analyzed by EPR, whereas the zinc complexes were studied by NMR spectroscopy. Both classes of complex, Cu2+ and Zn2+, have the tridentate ligands coordinated to the metals forming pentacoordinate structures with two water molecules completing the coordination sphere. The catalytic activities were dependent on the different substituent groups of the ligands. In the catalytic tests with the copper complexes, it was observed that the NO2‾ coordinates in the bidentate form. After the addition of benzoic acid, EPR and UV-Vis spectroscopies indicate that the nitrite changes the coordination mode from κ2-ONO to κ1-NO2. Although all three copper complexes were able to reduce nitrite to NO both chemically and electrocatalytically, the most efficient catalyst was the one containing the n-propanol group in the second coordination sphere. Our analyses reveal that n-propanol is capable of transferring protons in a proton-coupled electron transfer mechanism, aiding the reaction. For the carbonic anhydrase catalysis, all complexes were also able to hydrate CO2, and the complex with the n-propanol substituents showed a faster bicarbonate formation because its OH group helps in the coordinated water deprotonation step. Therefore, the complexes proved to be good enzyme mimetic catalysts.
Elaboração e análise de indicadores de educação ambiental para a conservação da biodiversidade mediada pela tecnologia no Parque Nacional do Iguaçu
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-30)
Santos, Milena Ricco dos
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Valenti, Mayla Willik Roese
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3372580099450528
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Figueiredo, Rodolfo Antônio de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0854609216769461
This research considered the still unexplored potential when articulating the principles and guidelines of environmental education for the conservation of biodiversity to the use of technology in conservation units. Thus, with the lack of practical instruments for environmental educators to evaluate educational processes in non-formal education spaces, the main objective of this research was to elaborate, test and analyze the use of environmental education indicators for the context of an environmental education mediated by the use of a mobile application in a conservation unit with a large flow of visitors - the Iguaçu National Park (PNI). The research stages involve the elaboration of initial indicators based on bibliographic research; the validation process with professionals in the area; the different testing of collection methodologies (interviews, direct and dynamic observations); the application of the indicators in the field, in order to verify their viability and practicality in the context; the systematization of the data obtained; and the improvement of the initial indicators. The collected data were analyzed through Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA) and supported conclusions on the feasibility and relevance of the proposed indicators. The results show that the collection methodologies may vary according to the context in which they will be applied, and in the present research and in the context of a pandemic, the collection became feasible through an online form and direct observations. The indicators are shown as an effective and practical evaluation tool for decision making and constant improvement of the analyzed technology. A final proposal of indicators was built so that in similar contexts they can be applied. In addition, the impact of technology on the educational process was analyzed through a cube analysis considering eight possible scenarios. Technology has a positive impact and can contribute to a better experience and connection with nature in non-formal education spaces.
Dimensionamento de pessoal de enfermagem em unidades pediátricas hospitalares e o cuidado centrado na família: percepção de gestores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-31)
Ramos, Aline Landim
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Wernet, Monika
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6056127658896265
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1194-3261
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3462844140894092
The quality and safety of nursing care in a pediatric hospital unit involves the dimensioning of nursing staff and the incorporation of the philosophy “care centered on the person of the child and the family”. The objective of this study was to know the perceptions of managers of pediatric hospital units, about the dimensioning of nursing staff and its implications for family-centered care. This is a qualitative study, developed with nine nurses with experience in managing pediatric hospitals, located using the snow ball technique. A single semi-structured interview, conducted remotely, using the Google Meet platform, the strategy adopted for data collection. Their average duration was 20 minutes and all interviews were developed by the researcher who authored this study. The thematic analysis in Braun & Clarke's proposal was conducted, supported by the theoretical framework of Symbolic Interactionism. Data collection took place from January to September 2021. The results are presented from two thematic units: “Weaknesses of patient classification systems and creation of adjustments” and “Thinking about Family-Centered Care and its incorporation” in the dimensioning of nursing staff”. The first unit reveals the perception that the national instrument for classifying pediatric patients is fragile, lacking in the consideration of specific characteristics and particularities of nursing work, when there is an emphasis on family demands and care for the child's family member/companion. Given this understanding, the manager does not faithfully adopt the instrument, but adjusts its result based on elements related to these weaknesses and the context of care. Although the family member is recognized, his/her insertion in the care setting was described in the direction of health education and with little intention of building collaborative relationships that make him/her at the center of care. The manager's actions were not evidenced to correlate the reception of the family member and the dimensioning of the nursing staff. The workload placed on the nursing professional, in the daily practice of health care, in pediatric units is related to the quality and safety of care. The study developed contributed to the discussion on the sizing of nursing staff in pediatric units, which has revealed timid advances since the proposal of the Brazilian pediatric patient classification instrument, in 2014. It also brings elements for the articulation between staff sizing of nursing with family-centered care, a pressing aspect, otherwise families will continue to be denied or reduced to people who provide child care and need to be trained for it.
O processo de construção identitária e pertencimento étnico-racial de estudantes pardos no ensino superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-31)
Almeida, Tatiane Martins Moacir de
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Rodrigues, Tatiane Cosentino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8361431964064731
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6640930449636796
The present work aimed to analyze the processes of identity construction and ethnicracial belonging of brown students, coming from interracial families and students of higher education at the Federal University of São Carlos. Mostly, studies on affirmative action policies and processes of democratization of access to higher education in Brazil have prioritized the analysis of the profile of students in the economic, gender, ethnic-racial and area of entry dimensions, in addition to studies on performance, trajectory and insertion in the labor market. In this sense, this research is configured as a case study that was developed through bibliographic analysis, through interviews with self-declared brown students from interracial families, from different areas of knowledge, whether or not they opted for admission through the affirmative. The interviews made it possible to listen to self-declared brown students who experience the dilemma of belonging or not belonging due to their skin pigmentation and phenotypic traits. The speeches demonstrate that the university impacts on the construction of identity and ethnic-racial belonging, in the same way it has an impact on families when dealing with issues related to race and gender and by encouraging other family members to enter a public university.
Lógos e Eä: a individuação junguiana na obra de J.R.R. Tolkien
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-31)
Perassoli Junior, Sérgio Ricardo
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Rossi, Aparecido Donizete
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0428069285054155
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4480952900397769
This research aims to analyze and investigate the individuation process in the fictional universe composed by John Ronald Reuel Tolkien. Our objects of study are the novel The Lord of The Rings (1954-1955) and some narratives present in The Silmarillion (1977). The individuation process, a concept developed by Swiss psychiatrist Carl G. Jung, is characterized as the psyche's tendency to find balance and completeness. This tendency manifests itself in the journey of the characters Beren, Lúthien, Eärendil, Elwing, Galadriel, Aragorn, and Frodo, to point out a few examples. Tolkien's narratives also suggest that the individuation takes place not only in characters or through characters but constitutes an element that shapes the universe created by the author. To enrich the analysis, literary theorists such as Northrop Frye and Gaston Bachelard, who were influenced by Carl Jung's archetypal psychology, will be presented. If necessary, we will also examine Freudian psychoanalysis to understand the rich and complex narrative of the author. This research also intends to illustrate the importance of Jung's ideas and concepts for literature studies and criticism itself.
Dar e receber um abraço: uma análise da conversão em português brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-31)
Calcia, Nathalia Perussi
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Vale, Oto Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2277403284693571
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0230905960655088
Defined by G. Gross (1989) as a formal operation that establishes a relation of paraphrastic equivalence between two elementary constructions, Conversion has been gaining prominence in works in the area of linguistic description, specifically, for two reasons: it is one of the most productive transformational properties, in relation to the number of occurrences, that constructions with support verb and predicate noun can present and, until then, there were few studies that took it as the main object of analysis in Brazilian Portuguese, being the description prepared for the most complete French language. Currently, Conversion has descriptions for Romanian, European Portuguese and Brazilian Portuguese. In this relation, the predicate noun is maintained and the position of the arguments is changed, without causing a semantic change, that is, the semantic roles of these arguments remain the same, despite the change in syntactic position (Helena deu um abraço no Pedro/ Pedro recebeu um abraço da Helena). In constructions that are related by Conversion, the active orientation sentence and the active support verb itself are named standard, while the equivalents, of passive order, are named converses. Based on a syntactic-semantic description methodology known as Lexicon-Grammar (M. GROSS, 1975, 1981), in this new phase of the study, which follows Calcia (2016), the lexical entries underwent an update (quantitative and qualitative) and were reclassified into five major classes and subdivided according to the type of subject of the converse construction. Such classes refer to names that are constructed with the pairs FR (fazer-receber), FS (fazer-sofrer), DR (dar-receber), DL (dar-levar) and TT (ter-ter). It is considered that the description of the syntactic phenomenon of Conversion is important for the contribution to linguistic studies, especially descriptive ones, in Brazilian Portuguese. In addition, the formalization of data in binary matrices results in a resource that can be applied in Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems, such as those related to the use of paraphrases.
Repercussões da dança folclórica alemã sob a perspectiva de pessoas com deficiência e demais participantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-31)
Silva, Bruna Poliana
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Munster, Mey de Abreu Van
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7861049737421476
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5748663536697045
German Folk Dance is a group dance, the dancers being gathered in circles, lines or in pairs. Choreographies represent different situations that relate to German culture, so as to preserve the richness of this culture by the means of dance. Among the participants, one finds some disabled persons. Up to now, there have been no identified studies on German Folk Dance in regard to its impact on the lives of disabled persons. The general objective of this study was to understand the influence of German Folk Dance in the life of disabled persons. The specific objectives were: a) to analyse the meaning of German Folk Dance in the life of disabled persons; b) to identify the impressions of family and dance group members in regard to the participation of disabled persons; and c) to investigate the possibilities and limits of the teaching of German Folk Dance in the perspective of group coordinators. The research was developed in a qualitative exploratory approach as a case study. As an instrument for data collection, the researched has used sociodemographic questionnaires and semi structured interviews. Due to participants’ location, data collection was carried out online, via the open applications Google Forms and Google Meet. Interviews were manually transcribed. Participants of the data collection were 19 coordinators, 10 group members with disabilities, 10 family members, and 10 fellow group members. Data was treated by thematic analysis and results have been presented in three parts: a) characteristic description of participants; b) description and discussion of the 10 cases; c) thematic analysis in three sections. First, on the meaning of German folk dance for people with disabilities, about which participants have mentioned terms such as “fun”, “presentation” and “attire”. Second comes the impressions of friends and family, who have mentioned “motivation”, “inclusion”, “autonomy”, and “learning about a new culture”. In regard to the possibilities of the teaching of German Folk Dance, coordinators have mentioned benefits in social, physical, cultural and cognitive aspects; in regard to its limits, they have mentioned familiar aid, coordinator training, and attitudinal barriers. One can conclude that German Folk Dance allows the participation of both people with and without disabilities, preserving popular traditions and a felling of togetherness among all participants, which has a positive impact in their lives.
Habilidades preditoras da aprendizagem matemática de crianças de até 06 anos: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-31)
Devitte, Flávia Cristina Borrajo
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Brino, Rachel de Faria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0235133592567485
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Carmo, João dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
To date, there are gaps in publications in the Brazilian scientific literature on the systematic analysis of behaviors identified in early childhood education that are predictors of formal mathematics education. Thus, the objective of this research is to present, through a systematic review of the literature based on the PRISMA method, which behaviors, terms and descriptors are being used for these mathematical repertoires in children under 06 years of age. The databases used were APA PsycNet, CAPES Periodicals, Pepsic, Scielo, Science Direct and Web of Science. A search was carried out through 11 pre-established descriptors, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. A total of 3,374 articles were found and, after analyzing the eligibility criteria, 62 articles were included in the sample. The articles that were included showed a higher incidence in the descriptor Mathematics in early childhood education. A total of 41 different terms were found to entitle this stage of development prior to learning mathematics. In view of the cut made of the behaviors pointed out by the included articles, we can observe a total of 262 behaviors. Given the sets and behaviors presented, we propose a classification of previous behaviors for mathematical learning: Calculation, Cardinality, Comparison, Counting, One-to-One Correspondence, Shapes, Numerical Lines, Measure/Space/Time, Model, Numbers, Sorting, Quantification, Resolution of Problems, Similarity and Difference.
Estudo da transferência de calor e de massa em um leito fixo espesso de grãos de sorgo com reversão de sentido do escoamento de ar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-31)
Barbosa, Luan da Silva
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Freire, José Teixeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167
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Freire, Fábio Bentes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8937961078558996
Drying is one of the highest cost unit operations in the chemical industry, with complex momentum, heat and mass transfer mechanisms. The main objective of this work was to develop a systematic study on thick layer drying, focusing on specific and particular aspects of the sorghum grain, in addition to improving the instrumentation and operation of the data acquisition unit. Sorghum grains were pre-humidified before being placed into the fixed bed. Temperature and moisture measurements were taken over time for different axial positions during drying with and without reversal of the air flow direction at operating temperatures of 50 and 60°C and air velocity of 2,1 m∙s-1. The reversal started at the initial time of 10 min with a change in the air flow direction every 30 min. Reverse drying effectively decreased temperature and moisture gradients along the axial positions compared to conventional drying with upward airflow. Both thermal and mass experiments demonstrated that the drying of sorghum is controlled entirely by diffusion, being a slower process than the drying of inorganic materials. Previous thin layer essays at 40, 50 and 60°C and air velocity of 2,1 m∙s-1 showed that drying had the two phases of decreasing rates usual in diffusion-controlled processes. In fact, both heat and mass transfer measurements showed that the drying of sorghum was entirely diffusion controlled, being a slower process than the drying of inorganic materials. The kinetic models that best fit the thin layer drying data at the three temperatures were the Page and Overhults models, with R² of 0.999. A comparison was made between the drying, in a fixed bed and thick layer, of sorghum with that of alumina and barley. The similarity of the moisture and temperature profiles between sorghum and barley was observed, as they are both organic materials, as well as greater gradients remain at the end of barley drying due to its irregular shape, 4 times larger size and lower thermal conductivity when compared to drying sorghum. Comparing the drying of sorghum with the drying of alumina, it was possible to verify the difficulty that this material presents in order to represent a grain well, because, despite not shrinking (an ideal characteristic), it undergoes the re-wetting process when the reversion of air flow is applied, since half of the drying time is controlled by the convective mechanism.
Resposta espécie-específica à perturbação humana na seleção de local de nidificação de dois sabiás urbanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-31)
Ferreira, Mariane Paduin
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Batisteli, Augusto Florisvaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2107797655834765
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Sarmento, Hugo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4515469289999439
Nest-site selection is an important decision for birds, relating to offspring survival and parental investiment. Considering the trade off of different strategies and the quality of available spaces, this decision may change in response to environmental changes. In urban environments, human disturbance can affect birds’ reproduction in different ways, but there are still relatively few studies testing the role of human disturbance in nest-site choice. The goal of this study was to identify plasticity in nest-site selection for Pale-breasted Thrush (Turdus leucomelas, VIEILLOT, 1818) and for Creamy- bellied Thrush (Turdus amaurochalinus, CABANIS, 1850), in higher and lower human disturbance situations on an university campus in southeastern Brazil. Nests were located during five breeding seasons, three with higher (2017-2019) and two with lower human movement due to COVID-19 pandemic (2020 and 2021), the nests’ height in relation to the ground was analyzed and its distance to the nearest human passageway. Results showed the more intense people moviment, higher were the nest heights for T. amaurochalinus. For the distance between nests and human passageways, there was a significant difference between the species as well and the more intense people movement proved to have na influence only for T. leucomelas, which in those years built its nests further away from the passageways. For both species, human disturbance may influence nest-site selection in a species-specific behavioral response.
Material particulado atmosférico da cidade de São Carlos e sua toxicidade em culturas de células pulmonares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-31)
Nascimento, Rita de Kássia Silva do
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Zucolotto, Valtencir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5768000922241088
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Urban, Roberta Cerasi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7313670290572985
PM air pollution is one of the principal causes of health problems in many regions’ world. This potential may be associated with the more than 500 compounds with toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects already identified in PM that can originate from different natural and anthropogenic sources. Thus, the present study proposed to assess the chemical composition of PM10 from the city of São Carlos-SP and its toxicity in lung cells, tumor alveolar epithelial (A549), and non-tumor fibroblasts (MRC5). PM10 samples were collected for 24 h in 2016 and subjected to chemical analysis for the PAHs and their derivatives determination, in addition to analyzing saccharides and water-soluble ions to assist in the PM10 emission sources identification to the atmosphere. In vitro biological analyzes of cell viability, ROS, and cell proliferation were performed to evaluate the toxicity of PM10 extracts. The annual mean PM10 concentration was 21.12 ± 9.90 μg m-3, lower than that legislated limit in Brazil but higher than that recommended by the WHO. In these samples, the principal emission sources were: biomass burning with secondary aerosols, biomass burning and fossil fuels, biogenic aerosols, and soil. The risk to human health from exposure to PAHs estimated by BaPE was 3.09 ± 4.23 lung cancer cases per 100,000 people. Furthermore, biological analyzes identified a significant reduction in the viability of A549 and MRC5 cells, exposed to PM10 extracts for 72 h, and also the formation of ROS. In the face of these results, given the observed toxicological effects, it is concluded that more studies are needed with different cell lines and better control and reduction of PM emissions to the atmosphere.
Metodologia de análise química e técnicas de metalografia na reciclagem da lata de alumínio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-31)
Ferreira, Jéssica Evelise
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Carvalho, Mayara de Almeida Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6211067303954955
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Oliveira, Luciana Camargo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6238603150964753
Aluminum is a versatile metal and has remarkable characteristics, such as good appearance, corrosion resistance and low density, used in several applications such as civil construction, transport and packaging. The use of primary aluminum extracted from mineral resources is still expressive, but due to its high recyclability, low loss of physical-chemical properties and reduced energy consumption, the recycling process is fundamental for economy and sustainability. Thus, beverage cans play a key role in this market, since a can goes through the entire cycle of processing, consumption, disposal, and recycling in just a few months. Although aluminum can recycling has great relevance, there are few experimental studies that relate chemical and metallographic control methods of smelting parameters in aluminum recycling recovery. In this context, the objective of the present work is the bibliographical research of the techniques of chemical and metallographic analysis carried out during the recycling process of aluminum cans and the elaboration of a technical apostille aimed in higher education. The results were obtained from the consultation of national (ABNT) and international (ASTM) technical standards, technical books from ASM's Metals Handbook collection, and specific articles available in CAPES journals. It approaches the evaluation of the alloys that compose the aluminum can, through the analysis of the chemical composition by Optical Emission Spectroscopy and the microstructural analysis of the metallic alloy, using metallographic techniques. The summary of these best practices was made available in a apostille, with the aim of application and use in higher education. The proposed theme is of great importance for the development of professional and academic knowledge in quality control in the recycling of aluminum beverage cans.
Reaproveitamento de resíduos agroindustriais de frutas obtidos por meio de manejo convencional e orgânico: estudo de métodos para a extração verde e sustentável de compostos bioativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-03-31)
Segatto, Mateus Lodi
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Forim, Moacir Rossi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1234565160573730
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Zuin, Vânia Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5265150425993880
The magnitude of the Brazilian agricultural and agro industrial market impresses by its greatness, but it is also the cause of serious concerns regarding the amount of waste generated and how to handle such residues. This kind of material comprises several chemically-interesting fractions, some of which potentially carrying bioactive compounds that could add value to the process when extracted, integrating biomass-based chemical platforms (biorefineries) when allied to other products and processes. Notably, organic agricultural systems could be interesting feedstocks for biorefineries, as they are not only considered greener production models, but also because they are often linked to a higher presence of flavonoids and other secondary metabolites that have bioactive properties. The central objective of this work is to extract, through green methods, the main bioactive compounds from the processing waste of fruits from both conventional and organic agricultural systems produced in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Chemometric tools were used on experimental design and data assessment to evaluate and optimize different green extraction methods. Considering mango (Mangifera indica) processing waste, Homogenizer-Assisted Extraction (HAE), Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) and Matrix Solid Phase Dispersion (MSPD) were studied, tested and optimized using ethanol-water (ethanolic) mixtures as solvents and assessing the extraction yield of mangiferin and hyperoside as responses. The use of aqueous solutions of Ionic Liquids (ILs) was also tested and discussed as viable solvent alternatives. Regarding guava (Psidium guajava) processing waste samples, the study was focused on improving the extraction yield of quercetin and vanillin with acidic ethanolic solutions (HCl), using HAE and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) techniques. Besides that, as a proof-of-concept, the use of Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSP) was assessed as a tool for the screening of solvents and mixtures of solvents that allow a higher extraction yield of hesperidin from orange peels (Citrus sinensis). All extracts were analyzed using liquid chromatography and the compounds were quantified using calibration curves obtained with commercially available analytical standards. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed for the assessment of the parameters that affect each extraction technique, as well as the optimization of these variables in terms of the extraction yield. Lastly, biological activity assays were conducted to evaluate the potential use of the ethanolic extracts from mango and guava processing wastes as biocidal products. Mango extracts and mangiferin and hyperoside standards were tested against the microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata, while both mango and guava extracts were assessed for their insecticidal activity against larvae of Helicoverpa armigera moth and nymphs of the neotropical brown stink bug (Euschistus heros). In order to assess the selectivity of the extracts as a pesticidal product, phytotoxic assays were conducted on soybean plants (Glycine max).
Soluções numéricas para um modelo de secagem da banana via método de diferenças finitas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-01)
Silva, Guilherme da Cunha e
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Borges, Júlia Silva Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2114532510960735
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4131024115722258
Since banana is a food of high energy value, has low production technological indexes and has great socioeconomic importance for Brazil, the increase in shelf life is desired. Drying is one of the most used processes in conservation and maintenance of its guarantees, whose main objective is the quality of a product with longer shelf life, post- processing refrigeration exemption and shorter enzymatic and oxidative degradation. On the other hand, for the dimensioning of equipments and optimal process control, is required a clear understanding of the transport phenomena, heat and mass transfer, the properties involved and the correct choice of the numerical method for solving the equations derived from the discretization. In this sense, two numerical methods were developed and studied, Progressive Finite Difference Method and Method of Lines, in order to study the transfers. Simulations in Octave Software were performed in order to check the convergence order of the method applied to a simplified problem.
Efeitos da anestesia vibratória na intensidade da dor durante a aplicação da carboxiterapia em pacientes com celulite
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-01)
Cavarçan, Laura Guimarães
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Sadala, Adria Yared
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Liebano, Richard Eloin
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1397951221512127
Introduction: Cellulite is one of the most common aesthetic disorders in clinical practice. Carboxytherapy is a new and promising therapy for treatment of this disorder, the administration is subcutaneously through needles, which can generate local pain and that is considered the main limiting fator in clinical practice. Vibration anestesia has desmonstrated effectiveness during painful procedures but it has not yet been investigated in relieving pain associated with carboxytherapy. Objective: To asses the effects of vibration anesthesia on pain intensity associated with the application of carboxytherapy in celulite. Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial that was carried out with 52 women, between 18 and 49 years old, with no previous experience with carboxytherapy therapy, with the presence of moderate and/or severe cellulite in the gluteal region, according to the Cellulite Severity Scale. The patients were randomly distributed into two groups, the vibration group and the control group. For the intervention, the depressions of the skin with cellulite were demarcated and the delimitation of the gluteal area was carried out for the infiltration of CO2, through needles, with an angle of 45º and programmed flow of 80 ml/min, whose volume of gas infused by puncture was 50ml. The vibration device used was a Vibrata® brand, with a flat-shaped tip, measuring 3cm in size, with frequency (f) 6,000 vibrations per minute. The application of the vibration anesthesia device in the vibration group was started 5 seconds before the start of the puncture, and remained on until the end of each puncture. The device was positioned approximately 2 cm away from the needle throughout the procedure. Results: The women were divided into two groups and the mean pain was measured in their respective quadrants in both groups. The mean pain intensity in the vibration group was 4.95 (2.37) and in the control group 4.98 (2.43). Conclusions: Vibration anesthesia did not reduce pain intensity when compared to the control group.