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Checklist de homobasidiomicetos corticioides (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) no Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Leroux, João Pedro Nogueira; Baltazar, Juliano Marcon; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8657253415860174; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0656367255355334
Currently, the world diversity of fungi is estimated between 2.2 and 5.1 million species. However, only around 144 thousand species are known. Fungi are essential for the maintenance of most ecosystems as they are among the main participants in nutrient cycling, contributing to ecological succession. In addition, many species have biotechnological potential. The homobasidiomycete corticioid fungi (Agaricomycetes, Agaricomycotina) are defined by presenting reproductive structures in resupinate to stipitate basidiomes, and a hymenal surface ranging from smooth, folded, tuberculate, spiny, toothed or, more rarely, poroid. Although corticioid fungi are historically inserted in Aphyllophorales Rea, and also often referred to as Corticiaceae Herter, it is already known that these organisms constitute an artificial group with diverse phylogenetic origins. Despite the increase of scientific production related to corticoid fungi, many new taxa have been described and several regions of the State of São Paulo remain underexplored. Therefore, the present work aimed to contribute to the knowledge of corticioid fungi in the State of São Paulo, through a checklist of species based on literature. All taxa that occur in the State of São Paulo were listed, along with information such as the Municipality, biome, river basin and domain in which they were found. A total of 149 species were listed for the State of São Paulo, distributed in 63 genera, 35 families and 11 orders. The order with most representatives was Polyporales, with seven families. The family with the most genera found (eight) was Peniophoraceae. The results of this Checklist represent an important contribution to the development of knowledge about corticioid fungi in the State of São Paulo, and highlights that there are still gaps in knowledge for some regions of the State that remain underexplored.
Estudo de caso: remoção de impurezas no etanol industrial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Araujo Junior, Ulisses Pavanelli de; Pádua, Thiago Faggion de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8909812973749651
The production of Ren ethanol for commercial purposes must comply with the specifications established by the National Petroleum Agency, both in terms of the alcoholic concentration of the product and the limits of permitted impurities. Therefore, the objective of this work was to present the techniques used in Plant "X" to remove the impurities presents in the production process of the ethanol in question. From the case study of the distillation system and the chemical and chromatographic analysis data present, the basis for discussion was obtained. With this, the operation of the bleeding-degassing system used to remove impurities and the use of sodium hydroxide to reduce crotonaldehyde indices in Ren ethanol was discussed. Finally, the efficiency of the contaminant removal system used was verified, in addition to the correlation demonstrated between crotonaldehyde and the pH of the final product.
Avaliação das causas, impactos e alternativas relacionados ao rompimento de barragens convencionais na indústria de mineração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Reis, Maria Vitoria Libarino; Bernardo, André; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708
The current events related to the rupture of mining tailings dams, potentiated by the heavy rainfall in the Brazilian regions where they are located, have made the need to assess the environmental and socioeconomic impacts generated, in addition to studying alternatives for the mining activity in the country. Actions have been taken by the mining company Vale to repair the damage caused by the rupture of the waste retention dam in the city of Brumadinho-MG, a disaster that occurred in January 2019. The Agreement signed by Vale and the Government of Minas Gerais was negotiated in R$ 37.68 billion of reais, earmarked for socio-economic and socio-environmental repair projects. With the search in the foreign market, especially China, for higher quality iron ore, there is a need to extract ores with high iron content and greater depth of exploration, resulting in a greater production of tailings. Mining companies have been looking for alternatives for the disposal of these tailings, in order to reduce the impacts and risks generated by the use of conventional dams. In the present work, through a bibliographic review, the phenomena identified as possible causes for the rupture of dams were resented. Specifically, the phenomena of liquefaction, piping and overtopping, identified as the main causes for the collapse of these structures, were studied. The processes of ore beneficiation and the stacking and use of tailings were also assessed, associated with the current scenario of the mining industry. Due to the need to mitigate the risks associated with current dams, this work also aimed to contribute to the study of risk monitoring and control plans aimed at these works. Through the studies carried out, it was possible to verify the current adherence of the mining industries to low-cost alternatives for the disposal of tailings, and how these are not the best in the long term when evaluated safety and sustainability aspects. It was also observed the lack of studies in the field of chemical engineering that can contribute to the development of the mining sector, either in ore beneficiation stage or in the modeling stages of fluid dynamic aspects of a tailing containment dam, being these aspects suggested for deepening and discussion in future works.
Avaliação da eficiência de biossorventes agroindustriais e de biomassa microbiana para remoção de chumbo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Tonholo, Enrico Emanuel; Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0461600167616921
In the last decades society has undergone several transformations, among which the advancement of technology and the increased use of natural resources were the pillars of most of them. This fact has made the growth of the transformation industries and the products obtained from them fundamental to modern society. In this sense, the contamination generated by these industries has increased, especially contamination by heavy metals, which can cause severe damage to the environment. There are metals, such as iron (Fe) and copper (Cu), which are important for the functioning of organisms, in appropriate proportions. However, some metals, such as lead (Pb), are especially harmful and have the characteristic of bioaccumulation, which makes them even more dangerous. Effluent treatment regulations related to lead are strict, and thus industries need to adapt to them. Currently, the main ways to remove heavy metals from wastewater are chemical precipitation, electrolysis, and reverse osmosis. However, these methods have some inefficiencies and are generally expensive. As an alternative to these methods comes adsorption, which is a process characterized by mass transfer, in which a substance in a liquid stream is selectively transferred to a surface of a porous solid. One way to perform the adsorption process is through the use of plant or microbial biomass to remove substances in liquid streams, giving rise to the term biosorption. This method is characterized mainly by being more economically feasible than traditional adsorption methods. In this context, this work aimed to study the efficiency of biosorbents used in the removal of lead in effluents. Biosorbents of agroindustrial and microbial origin were analyzed. The aspects analyzed were the kinetics, thermodynamics and adsorption isotherms of each process. Through the research of scientific articles it was possible to collect data of biosorbents used for the removal of lead (II). From these data, which were summarized in the initial concentration of lead, the dosage of biosorbent used, temperature at which the process was performed and the results of kinetic and thermodynamic analysis and adsorption isotherms, it was possible to verify which of the biosorbents are good alternatives for the removal of lead. At the end of the analyses, it was possible to verify that there was a greater number of experiments performed with materials of agroindustrial origin, due to the greater availability and abundance of these materials. In this sense, it was also verified a wide variety of products that can be used as biosorbents. In relation to the kinetics of the processes, a tendency towards a pseudo-second order model was observed. In relation to the isotherms, a better fit in the Langmuir model was almost totally observed and, finally, the process showed a greater tendency to be endothermic and have an increase in entropy over time. In general, biosorption for the metal lead (II) is a good economical alternative without loss of efficiency.
Metodologias para tratamento de efluentes têxteis: uma revisão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Tassi, Felipe Gomes; Assumpção, Mônica Helena Marcon Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9776456473972228; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9503570726783112
The sharp urban growth causes daily the disposal of high amounts of effluents, both domestic and industrial, in the water bodies located in urban centers, significantly increasing the elements responsible for environmental degradation. One of the industrial branches responsible for the release of a large pollutant load is textiles, since production is voluminous and, in 2018, reached production levels of over 2 million tons. Its effluents, for the most part, have many dyes that were not absorbed throughout the production chain and their characteristics vary from factory to factory and may contain significant numbers of chemical compounds, exceeding eight thousand in some cases, such as acids, chemicals and dyes, the latter being one of the biggest drawbacks of the textile industry. In Brazil, due to the low cost of implantation and operation, the textile industry makes use of methodologies for the treatment of its effluents that many times are not enough to remove all the desired compounds, however, there are alternative solutions for the treatment of these residues that have good efficiency and do not necessarily require high investment and installation area, ensuring new ways to dispose these effluents. This study compiled several scientific studies, national and international, related to the topic of textile effluent treatment, bringing a broad view of how the subject has been approached around the world, comparing the different technologies used, the positive and negative points of each methodology and the limits of parameters accepted for disposal by national environmental agencies, in addition being an essential compilation to help the dissemination of many possibilities for treating textile industrial effluents.
Evolução da matriz energética brasileira em comparação com outros países
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Oliveira, Talita; Furlan, Felipe Fernando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4136352953168873; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1006357842289225
Energetic transitions are connected with economic, technological, political and social aspects. Thus, for example, the emission of pollutants from fossil sources causes a series of impacts on the environment and on people's lives; the geopolitical dominance in the supply of primary sources generates energy dependence and fluctuations in energy prices. To circumvent such bottlenecks, some countries in the world have adopted measures that make their energy balance more renewable and diversified. The present work analyzed whether Brazil follows that international trends. In this sense, a bibliographic review of the main concepts related to energy was built in order to provide subsidies for the analysis of the data. In its turn, data on energy generation, consumption and prices were extracted from websites, national and international reports. At the end of the research, it was concluded that Brazil has increased the share of renewable energy sources, especially wind and solar. Allied to this, the electricity generation costs of both have reduced from 2009 to the present, in 2020, and have become competitive with fossil sources such as natural gas and mineral coal. However, the national electricity balance is still very dependent on hydroelectric power, and needs major diversification to supply domestic energy demand. In addition, when comparing the price of national energy with that of the United States (USA), it can be seen that Brazilian costs are higher, more precisely, it is 13.40 against 6.67 cents USD/kWh for industrial electricity and 34.64 against 9.90 cents USD/kWh in transport. This is one of the factors that impacts the country's technological growth and causes a loss of competitiveness at the international level. Finally, due to the availability of natural resources from fossil fuels in the world, the transition to a cleaner matrix will have to be made actively. This transformation guarantees not only the security of energy supply, but also the technological and social advancement of national and global spheres.
Gestão adequada de resíduos sólidos em diferentes contextos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Primitz, Juliana Noronha; Neves, Anne Alessandra Cardoso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5825341428803511; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5250141222534466
Brazil surpasses 200 millions citizens that produce trash everyday, and final destination of this waste is a public politic question. Currently, all volume of this trash produced is not complete collected, and collected percentage is not totally allocated for environmentally correct discard place. The consequences of this directly reflects on environment quality, and also on population health, since garbage, if incorrectly discarted, can cause contaminations and environment pollution, besides proliferate vectors that transmit illnesses for human beings and animals. There are different types of waste management, among which sanitary landfills, composting and recycling stand out, objects of study of this research. These three management methodologies are considered the most appropriated in question of environmental and social impacts generation, because when correctly operated they do not present significant damage for environment and population. Given current scenario of solid waste collection, treatment and final destination in the country, it was possible to verify that it can still improve its public policies for waste mangement public policy, so it can meet the entire population satisfactorily, and allocate the largest amount of waste collected for each one’s most sustainable final destinations.
Ensaios celulares baseados em replicon de Chikungunya para identificação de antivirais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Policastro, Lucca Rocha; Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806; Fernandes, Rafaela Sachetto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2580624711278661
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), which causes Chikungunya fever, is a arbovirus transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which periodically causes epidemics around the world and can become a serious public health problem. However, there are no approved vaccines or drugs against CHIKV. So it's research to identify antivirals is fundamental, which can be carried out in a quickly and efficiently by high-throughput screening (HTS) assays, such as replicon-based assays. These are subgenomic systems in which genes encoding structural proteins are replaced by a reporter gene, allowing the identification of inhibitors of viral replication by measuring the activity of the reporter protein, in an easier and safer than traditional methods. In this study, the replicon strain was used. CHIKV reporter that contains the Gaussia luciferase (GLuc) gene as a reporter, called BHK-21-Rep-T7-GLuc-nSP-CHIKV-99650, for the screening of three MMV/DNDi small molecule libraries. Through tests based on replicon it was possible to identify 4 compounds, Itraconazole, GSK-983, Rubitecan and MMV676270, as inhibitors of CHIKV replication with low to moderate toxicity. Two of these molecules, the antifungal Itraconazole and the antiviral Rubitecan, were the most promising with selectivity indices >312.5 and >714.3, respectively, values considerably higher than those observed for the too much. In addition, the inhibition of replication was confirmed by the decrease in relative expression of the replicon RNA in cells treated with the concentrations effects of the 4 compounds. To better characterize the activity of these molecules against CHIKV, viral infection assays will be carried out in collaboration with Prof. Ana Carolina Jardim from the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU).
O processo de logística reversa em diferentes percepções e sua importância
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Dorizzotto, Ana Letícia Vitti; Neves, Anne Alessandra Cardoso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5825341428803511; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4245145814037886
As a result of the increase in society's concern for the environment, linked to the implementation of environmental legislation that seeks to reduce the impact generated by the waste produced, public policies are being developed sharing responsibility for the life cycle of products, making it the responsibility not only of the government, but also of its producers and consumers. Reverse Logistics, characterized by a set of actions, procedures and means, aimed at enabling the collection and return of solid waste to the business sector, operates in activities that include the reduction, movement and disposal of products and packaging, inserting them in other production cycles, or giving them an environmentally adequate final destination, through after-sales or post-consumer logistics systems. The implementation of Reverse Logistics has become increasingly present in the business sector when it comes to environmental sustainability and adding value to the product. In this way, the accomplishment of this study aims to carry out a historical and conceptual description of the participation of Reverse Logistics, from a literature review, highlighting the influence and importance of the same in the business sector, as well as society and the environment. Next, laws that characterize and regulate Reverse Logistics were presented, focusing on the National Solid Waste Policy. Subsequently, its presence in the business sector was analyzed through a case study. The results obtained through the study indicate the efficiency of the implementation of the Reverse Logistics system, through the return of the company's product packaging, where more than 30.000 bottles of a single brand were collected in three years, in addition to changing customers' perception of the brand, through the dissemination and incentive of the packaging return campaign.
Árvores hibridas: particionamento recursivo baseado em modelos paramétricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Santiago, Vinicius Hideki Yamada; Vieira, Afrânio Márcio Correa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2859528672308405; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1808914496728762
The present study seeks to explore hybrid trees, so called called recursive partitioning based on parametric models. Such method is based on traditional decision trees (regression and classification tree) and parametric models (generalized linear models). With this, it is expected to explain the functioning of hybrid trees, both in theoretical aspects and computational implementations. Finally, the hybrid trees technique will be applied to a real problem concerning pre-slaughter losses of broilers, stating the obtained results, in order to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of this technique. As a conclusion, it was noticed that model-based recursive partitioning is a technique best used if applied to small to medium-sized databases.
Attractors for processes on time-dependent spaces
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Santos, Vitória Soares dos; Nascimento, Marcelo José Dias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7133572787875912; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0689217467652395
The goal of this master’s degree dissertation is to study the asymptotic behavior of non-autonomous hyperbolic partial differential equations with time-dependent coefficients. In order to achieve that, we introduce the notion of pullback attractors for processes on time-dependent spaces, where the solution operator is a family of maps U(t, τ) : X τ → X t , t ≥ τ ∈ R acting on a time-dependent family of spaces X t . Furthermore, we exploiting the minimality with respect to the pullback attraction property and the existence of those attractors. Finally, we applied the abstract results on existence of pullback attractors to study the long term behavior of a damped wave equation with time-dependent speed of propagation.
Métodos de aprendizado ativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Cabezas, Luben Miguel Cruz; Izbicki, Rafael; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9991192137633896; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4622851508233513
In the field of supervised learning, the good performance of a prediction model is generally tied to the presence of a large labelled training set. However, there are many situations where labelling an instance is expensive for financial, work and/or difficulty reasons, being prohibitive to label all observations. The use of active learning is crucial for these situations. Active learning is characterized by, through different methods, selecting and adding more informative instances to the training set of a prediction model, so that it performs well with fewer instances. In this work, we studied some active learning methods such as uncertainty sampling, query by committee, expected error reduction, variance reduction, density-weighted methods and batch-mode active learning. We also propose a new active regression method with an approach different from other methods in the literature. As part of the results, we present a simulation study to illustrate how sampling bias occurs in active learning algorithms. Finally, we explore our new active regression methodology, comparing it to other active learning methodologies and passive learning.
Avaliação econômica e análise técnica da produção de biogás via digestão anaeróbia da vinhaça
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Alves, Alessandro Bestetti; Silva, Edson Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9720274214573371; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1139356085954386
The energy issue has always been present in history and has gone side by side to our technological development. If at first the use of non-renewable sources was the most exploited in industrial revolutions, the current context is to search for renewable and alternative sources. The diversification of the energy matrix and the best use of the production chain, adding value to by-products and waste, are focal points for humantechnological development in the coming decades. The objective of this work is the technical analysis and economic evaluation of different scenarios for the implementation of a biogas production plant using vinasse, residue from the sugar and alcohol production chain. For each scenario, the construction of a plant attached to the sugar-energy plant from which vinasse would be obtained at a flow rate of 7692 m3/day with biological oxygen demand (BOD) equal to 20000 mg/L and without acquisition costs. The biodigester chosen was the UASB mounted on systems of multiple reactors in parallel. Using the 2k planning concepts, the influence of initial chemical oxygen demand (DQO) (35 and 65 kg/m3) and hydraulic retention time (5 and 10 hours) on the daily production of biogas of the plant were evaluated. It was then possible to reach conclusions about initial investment costs and annual operating costs; estimated production revenue and net present value (LPV) economic valuation techniques and payback time.
Logística Reversa de materiais pós-consumo em indústrias do setor alimentício sob a perspectiva da mudança climática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Albuquerque, Bianca Almeida de; Neves, Anne Alessandra Cardoso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5825341428803511; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5997659731279470
The advancement of technology and the beginning of food processing and storage, besides to providing numerous benefits, has created the challenge of managing the generation of waste. As a mechanism that reduces pressure on landfills and seeks to use materials, Reverse Logistics is treated as a waste management tool for industries seeking to comply with the National Solid Waste Policy. This study sought to carry out an exploratory bibliographic research analyzing Reverse Logistics programs for post- consumer materials in the food industry sector from the perspective of climate change. Sought to investigate large companies in the sector, in addition to evaluating current legislation and bibliography for the delimitation of the study. In the food industry, large corporations adopt programs and practices to enable the return of post-consumer waste to a reuse and recycling chain, focusing on the product of origin or on programs that cover different types of materials. From the perspective of climate change, recycling and recovery of waste are linked to the reduction of GHG emissions into the atmosphere, a topic that is increasingly discussed today. Faced with global pressures, industries have been adopting commitments to reduce emissions linked to the use and disposal of packaging, evaluating the type of material inserted in the market. Even with programs on this topic, the challenges are associated with increasingly directed actions to connect the links in the reverse cycle chain, promoting structure and training of cooperatives, incorporation of recycled material in the production cycle, in addition to raising awareness of the population through programs of environmental education.
Biossorventes na área ambiental: revisando aplicações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Franco, Diego Siqueira; Neves, Ubaldo Martins das; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4956114867482782; Neves, Anne Alessandra Cardoso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5825341428803511; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4331282737868275
Concern with water pollution has intensified more and more, since this resource is essential for various activities carried out by man. However, even knowing that this resource is considered finite, the release of untreated effluents has been a result. The main responsible for change in water quality are domestic activities, industrial activities and agro-industrial activities. As well as polluting water, agro-industrial activities are also responsible for high amount of waste generated, which is often improperly disposed off. Faced with the problem involving water pollution, in recent years researchers have sought alternative treatments in removal of pollutants, where biosorption technique has been highlighted, being a process that removes pollutants from aquatic environment using solids of natural origin. Among solids that can be used, we have agro-industrial residues. In this context, the present study aimed to analyze the application of several biosorbents through selected articles in an exploratory and selective way, in order to contribute to the study of biosorption technique. In this way, it was possible to analyze some parameters that influence the technique such as pH, temperature, contact time and stirring speed, reaching the conclusion that all selected articles showed good biosorption capacity and efficiency, but studies with a greater number of parameters and intervals are needed.
A contribuição dos contos de fada para a aquisição da leitura e escrita nos primeiros anos do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Macedo, Sarah Rodrigues do Prado; Monteiro, Maria Iolanda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3581039286696929
The present research is a course conclusion work, presented to the Degree in Pedagogy, being carried out under the guidance of Professor Dr. Maria Yolanda Monteiro. The main objective of the work is to discuss about the contributions of fairy tales to the acquisition of the reading and writing process, and also the development of children's orality. Thus, the specific objectives of the research are: to discuss what children's literature is; present the importance of fairy tales for reading and writing practices and for the development of orality; understand the contributions of fairy tales to the formation of a good reader and writer; and to identify skills and contents present in the National Curricular Common Base (BNCC) with regard to children's literature. It consists of a bibliographical and exploratory research that was developed through qualitative analysis of selected articles through the Sucupira platform of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), having as classification criteria magazines that are at level B2, of the quadrennium 2013 to 2016, articles referring to fairy tales were analyzed, seeking to understand how this theme is presented in articles and dissertations and the connection between literacy and literacy practices and fairy tales in the early years of elementary school . As theoretical references, the concepts presented by Professor Magda Soares were used, which are conceptions that discuss the unity of literacy and literacy processes and, also, the ideas of Bakhtin who understands that discourse only makes sense in the communication of the subject, that is conceived in a social context. Thus, it is considered that, from elementary school, the focus of pedagogical work should be the literacy and literacy process that can be given from the use of literature. In this context, the BNCC (BRASIL, 2017) guides the educator to use classic and contemporary children's literature to develop from reading and writing a critical reading of the world and its reality. Based on this assumption, it focused on emphasizing the relevance of fairy tales’ literature in the processes of reading and writing acquisition in the first years of elementary school, pointing out the need to use children's literature in teaching practice, contributing to the enrichment of the educational process.
Análise de risco no transporte rodoviário de combustíveis líquidos no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Guarino, Valentina de Oliveira; Béttega, Vádila Giovana Guerra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0752059622240208; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1834294413526981
Distribution of liquid fuels is mainly done by roadways across Brazilian territory. Transported volumes increase every year, and the responsibility of those involved in this logistic process grows proportionally, since fuels are hazardous products that offer great risk to the environment and society if handled incorrectly. Brazil’s legislation towards road transport of hazardous products is extremely rigorous and interconnected to environmental legislation, since potential damage related to this activity is immense. With that said, previous risk analysis is extremely important in order to act preventiously to avoid potential environmental acidentes with high possible risk. This work will deal with the use of some methodologies and tools that help in the identification and subsequent analysis of risks. In this case, the HAZOP Analysis, the Risk Matrix, the LOPA Analysis and the ALOHA software will be detailed, applied in a real case and from the results obtained, the effectiveness and better applicability for each of the methodologies and tools used will be analyzed. The use of those metodologies allows for identification and priorization of the main bottlenecks in the development of solutions and improvements towards making roadways liquid fuels distribution safer for all those involved.
Estudo do sistema de gestão ambiental em empresas: implantação, entraves e oportunidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Castro, Yuri Alexsander de Sousa; Neves, Anne Alessandra Cardoso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5825341428803511; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8577004356903650
Currently, movements in favor of the environment are being observed with expansion of the creation of environmental disasters or, as environmental incidents with more correct processes. From this dynamic, an important factor is the Environmental Management Systems (EMS), especially when portrayed as their specificities for implementation within a small, medium or large company. In this way, the present work aimed to study environmental management systems within a company, focusing on ways to understand directions of its implementation, such as demands by market and society for more directed and cleaner objectives, contours of opportunities and mapping inputs/difficulties along the way. The methodology followed was exploratory research that was evidenced through the literature and an interview the applicability of an environmental management system and with the critical points that surround its implementation, looking at economic, social and environmental pros. In addition, it was possible to approach a step by step that follows when incorporating the EMS within an organization through explanation of the model by ISO 14001, and, in view of this, it was verified as a significant result in culture, in structure, in model of management, in strategy and, within this context, understood importance that top management has when it comes to making this system in time to survive and prosper. Finally, it was noted how essential it is to spread this subject, thinking about the current context and the search for sustainable development, promoting growth and innovation in an increasingly competitive scenario.
A disciplina de arte para o público alvo da Educação Especial: relato de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Padilha, Karina Garcia; Barroso, Adriana Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4205125550873933; Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9468232016416725; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7071064840929805
The present research aimed to study the analysis of the perception of the work of three teachers about the discipline 'Art', with teenagers Público Target of Special Education (PAEE) of basic education. The work was based initially in the bibliographic survey present in the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD), on the basis of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) and the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), using the terms “art and special education”, and “art and disability”, without restriction of year of publication, and eventually searched for words related, but unsuccessfully finding a large volume of searches within of the theme. There were only thirteen academic works, including theses and articles, otherwise. Thus, participants were selected for the research, making use of of the “Snowball Sampling” methodological technique, so that the choice of participants was performed according to each other's indications, forming a information chain. It is noteworthy that the three teachers had performances with students with disabilities aged between 12 and 18 years old. THE data collection instrument was a virtual interview, supported in a semi-structured interview script. The data from the teachers' speeches were transcribed and analyzed qualitatively, supported by the rationale of Vygotsky's cultural-historical approach. The categories of analysis focused were: Characterization of Participating Teachers; the formation of Art Teachers; the Human, Technological and Material Aids that these interviewed teachers use; and Organizational Culture. it is expected that the present study can mobilize more discussions about how it is being approached the work of the Art discipline with PAEE adolescents in basic education.
Possíveis alterações na qualidade do ar durante a pandemia de Covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-12) Godinho, Letícia Silva; Neves, Anne Alessandra Cardoso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5825341428803511; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7353383398617455
Air is a natural resource that is indispensable for life on Earth. However, for years the atmospheric quality has been affected by intense processes of urbanization, industrialization, and demographic growth. The main sources of pollutants emissions into atmosphere come from anthropogenic actions, such as industrial activities, incomplete combustion processes, and excessive use of motor vehicles. Acute episodes of air pollution throughout history have triggered concern and need for mitigating actions. In light of this, research was initiated to understand the air constitution, as well as control measures through periodic monitoring of pollutants concentrations and setting of air quality standards, determined according to nature of emission and risks posed to human and environmental health. Currently, occurrence of pandemic crisis resulting from new coronavirus, a highly contagious disease, has required the adoption of emergency preventive measures to reduce as much as possible the rapid pace of dissemination, ensuring population survival. One adopted measure was social isolation, which restricted circulation of population, automobiles, and operation of industries. With this, it was possible to observe an apparent reduction of pollutants in atmosphere. This study was developed with objective of analyzing impact of social isolation on air quality in Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, through analysis of articles, selected by exploratory research, and air quality monitoring databases, contributing to proof of relationship between anthropic actions and environment. Thus, it was possible to evaluate the changes in air quality parameters before, during, and after social isolation, concluding that during period of reduction of pollutant sources, the air quality significantly improved.