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Comunicação no setor sucroenergético: benefícios sociais, econômicos e ambientais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Meneghetti, Letícia Vizioli; Valsechi, Octavio Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2072744263052505; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6351908702078873
Considering the relevance of the sugar-energy sector and its sustainable development, the present work has as main objective to analyze the social, environmental and economic benefits of the sector, in order to present proposals for improvement in communication to improve the appreciation of society in the face of the sugar-energy agribusiness. As a secondary objective, the present work intends to open doors to improve the sector's communication, highlighting the benefits of the sugarcane market analyzed in the literature. For this, a literature review was carried out, using articles and publications that deal with the subject, as a way of analyzing all the parameters of sustainability as well as some advertisements published in the sugarcane sector. From this, some obstacles in communication were identified and proposals for improvement were created to increase the receptivity of the population towards the sugar-energy agribusiness. The results presented are not entirely conclusive, but they open the door to a critical view of the advertisements currently aired and for an improvement in the communication of the agro.
Collective effects in biphoton generation of a four-wave-mixing process
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Ablan, Roberto Flórez; Bachelard, Romain Pierre Marcel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4344589799192534; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7871983889566470
The generation of biphotons remains an important field of research, as several applications require such sources. For instance, some of their properties are fundamental in quantum communication, quantum computing, and quantum imaging. Pairs of spatially correlated photons can be generated using four-wave-mixing (FWM) processes, taking advantage of the third-order nonlinear susceptibility χ3 effect. A FWM configuration consists of two counter-propagating excitation fields acting on a cold atomic cloud which spontaneously generates pairs of photons in opposite directions through the nonlinear effect. Current theoretical models used to explain FWM in two-level systems have disregarded atomic interactions and considered an independent atom approach. Nevertheless, recent experiments have shown evidence of collective (superradiant) behavior in these types of systems. In this context, we seek to understand the contributions of dipole-dipole interactions in the generation of biphotons. To this end, we propose to use an ab initio model to describe FWM in cold atomic clouds, where dipole-dipole interactions are accounted for. Our exact simulations with N = 7 atoms are compatible with the results from recent experiments. Furthermore, to simulate systems with a larger number of particles we derived and implemented a new scheme considering exclusively the single- and double-excitation subspace that is able to simulate systems of more than N = 100 scatterers.
Relação entre atenção compartilhada e operantes verbais em crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Oliveira, Sabrina David de; Elias, Nassim Chamel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7788544598559668
An early characteristic of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is the joint attention deficit, manifested by impairment in the pointing gesture, showing with the function of sharing interest with others or in the difficulty in following the pointing gesture or the indicating gaze from other people. Joint attention is considered a milestone in child development and a significant predictor for language. Knowledge about joint attention in ASD contributes to early diagnosis and intervention. The first chapter aimed, through a systematic review according to PRISMA, to analyze academic scientific productions on joint attention in children with ASD and to verify which instruments are most used to assess joint attention. The results showed that the instruments most used in combination or separately were: ESCS, ADOS and eye tracking. The second chapter carried out a systematic review with the objective of verifying the possibility of correlation presented in the scientific literature between joint attention and language in children with ASD. The results showed that there is a correlation between joint attention and language. Finally, the third chapter aimed to compare performance in joint attention contingencies with the level of development in echoic, mand, tact and intraverbal verbal operants. Ten children aged between 2 and 10 years old participated. A questionnaire adapted from the VB-MAPP and ESCS instruments was used to assess verbal operants (mand, tact, echoic and intraverbal) and joint attention. Spearman's Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze the correlations between them. In general, it was possible to observe a significant correlation between joint attention and verbal operants.
Comparação de armadilhas atrativas para captura de moscas de importância médico-veterinária e sanitária em aviário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Travaini, Matheus Marucio; Marques, Rodrigo Neves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8945237946471247
Cattle farming is an important agricultural activity in Brazil. Among the biggest problems faced in this activity are the flies of medical-veterinary interest, which cause great losses for the sector, interfering in the quality and productivity of cattle production, the study consists of controlling these flies, which is done by attracting a bait inside a trap, which captures them, for mass control. Thus, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the use of different attractive baits and traps to control flies in poultry production. For this, two traps and three attractive baits were evaluated, with the objective of composing commercial kits most used in the market (the most attractive trap), with one trap containing swine liver as an attractive bait, and the other commercial trap containing the attractive solution Target® and Papa-mosca®, separately in each treatment. The trap containing only water (control) was also installed. The traps were installed on the Jaboticabal (SP) campus of UNESP in November 2021 (first trial) and the experiment was repeated in January 2022 (second trial). Throughout the experiment, the weather conditions were monitored through the meteorological station of the UNESP/Jaboticabal campus. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with 4 blocks and 1 replication each. The counting of flies captured in the traps was performed 15 days after the installation in the field. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey's test (5%). It was found that the trap containing swine liver as an attractive bait promoted the capture of the largest number of flies in both installation periods. In the first installation, the use of swine liver resulted in an increase of 337% in relation to flies captured by the Target ® attractant and 360% in relation to the Papa-mosca ®. In relation to the second installation, this increase was 339% and 379%, respectively. These results show the potential of using swine liver as an alternative to baits currently available on the market, expanding the range of strategies for the control of flies in animal production.
Introdução ao estudo dos buracos negros na relatividade geral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Silva, Cairo Henrique Duque da; Ramos-Caro, Javier Fernando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2067343302764973
This monograph arose from the author's interest in understanding one of the most exotic objects of study in Physics: black holes. With this in mind, this work aimed to introduce the study of black holes in the context of general relativity and semiclassical gravitation, through the concept of Hawking radiation. In the document several fundamental concepts of general relativity are discussed: its physical motivation, Einstein's field equations and the equations of motion of test particles. Some concepts of the theory of causality are also discussed, as Kruskal-Szekeres space-time analysis, the formal definition of a black hole, Schwarzschild space-time and the Kerr space-time, with the exact solution of the Schwarzschild orbital equation being presented as an important by-product. The formal analogy between the dynamic laws of black holes and the laws of classical thermodynamics is presented, and Hawking radiation in a Schwarzschild black hole is studied as a transition from the classical to the semiclassical approach.
Habilidades e competências do catalogador num mundo líquido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Pereira, Tiago Martins; Zafalon, Zaira Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1584935790390793; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8422522509690840
The development of new technologies has promoted profound transformations in the world of work, demanding the formation of differentiated professionals capable of keeping up with these structural changes. Technological advances have, in fact, forced catalogers to seek professional updating and to train themselves for the transformations in the work environment. Given this scenario, this research aims to map the academic-scientific production about the professional skills and competencies in a Liquid World applied to the cataloger's profile. To achieve this general objective, the following specific objectives were outlined: a) diagnose terms that are part of the Liquid World; b) define search expressions to be adopted in the research; c) analyze academic-scientific platforms in the area of Information Science and Sciences in general; d) analyze the types of studies focused on the Liquid World and the areas in which they are developed; e) evaluate the skills and competencies required of librarians. This is a research with an exploratory-bibliographical approach, of an applied nature. As a methodological procedure, a systematic mapping of literature was carried out in the following databases: Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD); Reference Database of Journal Articles in Information Science (BRAPCI); Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO); Web of Science (WoS); and Portal de Periódicos CAPES. As a result, it is concluded that the concepts of Liquidity, Fluidity, Liquid World and Liquid Times, presented by the sociologist Zigmunt Bauman, appear in an incipient way in Information Science, and are not yet used in cataloging contexts, nor in relation to the skills and competences of the cataloger. The result of this research points out that there is still a long way to go for professional adaptation to the transformations experienced in post-modernity. This finding generates a discussion about the urgency of preparing professionals in these areas for the changes underway. As an academic and social contribution, the research aims to provide subsidies for librarians to reorient their professional practice.
Análises térmica e energética no pré-aquecimento do revestimento refratário de panelas de aciaria via métodos numéricos e experimentais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Portilho, Tamires Miranda Milagres; Angélico, Ricardo Afonso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4572583709143785; Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5407419370794930
Preheating the refractory lining of industrial equipment usually consumes substantial amounts of energy. This step is usually time consuming and impacts the costs and productivity of several economic sectors. Therefore, cost-effective, and sustainable heating practices should be studied and implemented. Additionally, this step is critical to the refractory and the industry that deploys it because the material faces transformations when heated up to the usual process temperatures, such as the evaporation of water, the elimination of volatile materials, or reactions in the solid state. Based on that, it is necessary to ensure the quality of these materials by applying an appropriate heating curve. This work aims to quantify the energy consumption during the preheating of the refractory lining of a steel ladle. To this end, DSC tests, thermal analysis, and computer simulations were carried out on refractory concrete to evaluate the influence of transformations on the heating step. The simulations for an alumina-based castable, considering the thermal analysis of a cylindrical sample, showed a maximum temperature difference in the first heating of 2 ºC between the experimental value and that obtained by the simulation, proving to be suitable for the quantification of energy consumption during preheating. The simulation, considering the profile obtained in the DSC test, was not satisfactory to represent the energy rate per unit volume of the 5CAC castable. The fuel consumption was 1.8% higher for the case where the energies of the reactions were considered. The developed methodology can bring greater predictability to the preheating schedule of steel ladles, both in terms of fuel consumption and programming the heating curve.
Degradação forçada dos fármacos nitazoxanida e sofosbuvir e degradação térmica de dispersões sólidas amorfas contendo ritonavir
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Alvarenga Junior, Benedito Roberto de; Taylor, Lynne; Carneiro, Renato Lajarim; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8065852319463976; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0950321692330975
The first chapter of this work aimed to use design of experiments in the forced degradation of sofosbuvir (SOF) and nitazoxanide (NTZ). The variables pH, temperature and interaction between temperature and H2O2 contributed to degrade SOF in the experiments with no UV light. SOF presented lower stability at pH 1 in the experiments with UV light. The variables pH, temperature, H2O2, and the interaction between pH and temperature contributed to degrade NTZ in the experiments with no UV light. In the experiments with UV light it was not noticed influence of pH and temperature on NTZ degradation, but a synergism effect of these variables was observed. It was elucidated 10 degradation products of SOF (P1-P10) and 5 (D1-D5) for NTZ by LC-MS/MS. The second chapter was destinated to evaluate the thermal stability of RTV in amorphous solid dispersions. The samples were thermally degraded by thermogravimetry, conventional oven, and hot-melt extrusion. Thermal stability of RTV was related to substituent groups of polymers, which protic ones (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS), and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)) catalyzed degradation reactions of RTV when compared with aprotic polymers (poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), copovidone (PVP/VA)). Few evidences showed that thermal stability of RTV is related to molecular mobility or molecular interactions in RTV formulations. The RTV degradation products (R1-R7) were generated from hydrolysis reactions, except R4 which raised of RTV dehydration. Both works were fundamental to understand the process of degradation and the drugs stabilities in different chemical environments.
Do entusiasmo ao alerta, do alerta ao incômodo: sentidos do som ferroviário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Fernandes, Karen Andressa; Zannin, Paulo Henrique Trombetta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486110803975352; Valêncio, Norma Felicidade Lopes da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7161606146208875; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0260811586609682
The perception of sound is subjective in a way that the same sound can evoke different meanings, perceptions, and reactions in the individuals exposed to it. In the case of railway sounds, some conflicts have arisen from freight train traffic and mainly from the activation of the horn, an acoustic warning used to eliminate or minimize the risk of accidents: on the one hand, railway concession companies are obligated by safety standards to issue this early warning; on the other hand, portions of the population exposed to such sound feeling annoyed and harmed in terms of their environmental rights. Considering the safety in the face of the risks that the system offers and the emergence of environmental rights, we aim to describe the socio-environmental process that has made the relationship between railway traffic and some neighboring residents conflictive, focusing on a railway that cuts through the urban area of São Carlos city (São Paulo, Brazil). In that municipality, one of the emblematic expressions of this conflict is the opening of a civil inquiry by the Federal Public Ministry of São Carlos to ascertain whether noise pollution occurs due to the activities of the company responsible for rail traffic. From an interdisciplinary perspective, we combined bibliographic research with documental research to elucidate the socio-historical transformations of the relationship between the railway system and its sounds for the urban dwellers, followed by the mobilization of notions from Discourse Analysis. We demonstrate that the senses attributed to the railroad sound have a historical and sociological dimension linked to the changes in how citizens related to the railroad and how they interact with it today. The transition of senses about the railway system and its sounds has moved markedly from enthusiasm to nuisance in recent years, that is, from topophilia to topophobia. This process is a constitutive part of the metamorphoses in the risk society, in which different types of risks, disjunctions in the technical guidelines that intend to control them, and changes in the soundscape emerge.
Características biomecânicas do tronco e membro inferior durante tarefas funcionais e da função dos músculos do quadril e joelho em indivíduos com osteoartrite patelofemoral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Carvalho, Cristiano; Serrão, Fábio Viadanna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8137335642635433; Serrão, Paula Regina Mendes da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2917658715637353; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4296634454655924
The main objective of this PhD dissertation was to compare the biomechanical characteristics of the trunk, pelvis and lower limb during functional tasks, and muscle function of the hip and knee between individuals with patellofemoral osteoarthritis (PFOA) and controls. This research consisted of four studies. Study I was a systematic review conducted to synthesize evidence on differences in kinematic and kinetic variables during functional tasks, and muscle function in individuals with PFOA compared to controls. Eleven studies were included. The level of evidence was very low for knee flexion angle during the walking task and for isometric strength of the hip abductor and external hip rotator muscles. The focus of Study II was to compare hip and knee muscle capacity between individuals with and without isolated PFOA and evaluate the impact of PFOA on pain, stiffness and physical functioning. Muscle capacity of the hip and knee was evaluated using an isokinetic dynamometer. The isokinetic variables used in the statistical analysis were peak torque, total work and average power. Pain, stiffness and physical functioning were assessed using questionnaires. Twenty-six individuals participated in the study (13 with PFOA and 13 controls). The PFOA group had impairment of the muscular capacity of the knee extension and flexion in the concentric and eccentric mode, and of the muscular capacity of extension, abduction, adduction and internal rotation of the hip in the eccentric mode. The PFOA group had higher levels of pain, stiffness and self-reported compromised physical functioning compared to controls. In Studies III and I, the analysis of trunk, pelvis, hip and knee kinematics during the single-leg squat was performed using a three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis system and isometric hip torque was determined using a handheld dynamometer. Trunk, pelvis and lower limb kinematics were evaluated only on the frontal plane in Study III, whereas kinematics was evaluated on all three planes in Study IV. Moreover, only isometric hip abductor torque was evaluated in Study III, whereas isometric hip extensor and external rotator torques were also evaluated in Study IV. In both studies, individuals with isolated PFOA had greater hip adduction at 45° and 60° of knee flexion in the descending and ascending phases of the single-leg squat. In Study IV, individuals with isolated PFOA also exhibited greater hip adduction at 30° of knee flexion in the descending phase of the single leg-squat. No significant differences were found between groups for trunk flexion and inclination, pelvic elevation, hip flexion and internal rotation or knee abduction at angles of 30°, 45° and 60° of knee flexion in the both phases of the single-leg squat. The PFOA group had lower isometric hip abductor torque in both studies and lower isometric hip extensor and external rotator torque in Study IV. The results of this PhD dissertation show that individuals with PFOA may have altered kinematics during functional tasks as well as lower hip and knee muscle capacity and report higher levels of pain, stiffness and impairment of physical functioning compared to controls.
Mobilizações causadas pela aplicação de aulas sobre a educação financeira em alunos do 3o ano do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Lahr, Felipe Kobata; Venezuela, Antonio Luís; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8722224671269332; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7030662273479022
This work aims to study the mobilization caused by the application of Financial Education classes with students from the 3rd of High School in a public school in SorocabaSP. The slides of the classes followed a path called by the researcher “From – to +”, which represents the monetary evolution of a person. That is, a person who is in the “-” would be a person in debt, while a person who is in the “+” would be looking for investments. The data was carried out using two questionnaires, the first being applied in the first class and the second in the last class. The data were worked using descriptive statistics, and the conclusion obtained was that there were mobilizations when applying classes on Financial Education to students of the 3rd of high school in a public school in Sorocaba.
Sensibilidade à igualdade de gênero no futebol na perspectiva de estudantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Agostini, Cauê dos Santos; Jacomassi, Daniela Godoi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7699007812483790; Souza Júnior, Osmar Moreira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9176123942671062; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2865943637209954
The present study has as its starting point a cooperation agreement and the transposition to the Brazilian context of the questionnaire created by Spanish researchers called Escala de Actitudes Hacia la Igualdad de Género en el Fútbol Escolar, divided into a part that collects sociodemographic data, and others three blocks: sociocultural, relational and perceived motor competence, using the Likert scale. We established as a general objective of our work the analysis of opinions, positions and attitudes of students in the final years of Elementary School and High School in relation to gender equality in football in the school environment and high performance. From this, the specific objectives emerge (1) to categorize the profiles of the research participants into groups/clusters based on their responses; (2) establish categories of analysis based on the “sociocultural” block of statements from the EAIGFU questionnaire and analyze how each group of participants positions itself in relation to each theme. (3) To analyze the behavior of the participants relating the answers obtained in the sociocultural block with the answers in the “relational” and “perceived driving competence” blocks of the EAIGFU questionnaire. (4) Point out potential studies or lines of research on the topic or similar topics that can contribute to this category of research and to the understanding we have about football at school, mentioned above. This research is a descriptive and correlational study, which used a research technique called “snowball sample”. The collection took place during the year 2019 and we obtained 187 questionnaires answered by children and adolescents between 12 and 18 years old. To analyze the data obtained, we used statistical software called Statistical Pachage for Social Sciences and performed the following steps: (1) grouping the participants' profiles into clusters (groupings); (2) characterization of clusters based on sociodemographic indicators; (3) thematic categorization of the sociocultural block and analysis of clusters by thematic category; (4) analysis of relational blocks and perceived motor competence. We noticed structural issues related to the students' perception of the manifestation of sexism in the classroom environment or in the high performance environment, depending on the characteristics of each cluster, where one of them, labeled as the most sexist cluster, was composed of more boys and students from public schools and the other, identified as more egalitarian, had mostly girls and students from private schools. Based on the results and reflections, we realized the importance of future studies contemplating plural masculinities and femininities and/or the intersectionality between the category gender and race/ethnicity, class, among others. Therefore, multiple and comprehensive looks at the manifestations of identities are important for the structuring of a football where marginalized groups can assume the leading role of the practice, appropriating a strong and rooted element in Brazilian culture.
Terapia ocupacional e mundo rural: uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Silva, Mateus Francisco da; Farias, Magno Nunes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9612668432963212; Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2261215960970925
The rural world is a territory with contexts, histories, and meanings of extreme importance to society as a whole. However, it is still seen as something separate from it and, at the same time, marginalized in relation to the urban environment. In the Brazilian context, it is often seen as a backward, outdated, and rustic space in relation to the urban environment. This space suffers from a lack of public policies and from the conflicts involving land concentration that have characterized the rural world in Brazil since the colonial period. The lack of access to social goods ends up limiting the perspectives of the person who lives there, conforming him to cultural roles built on the basis of this historical process of marginalization, which reduces his autonomy and choices regarding his own life. Taking the global and also the national sphere, the area of Occupational Therapy has carried out works in several of its subareas, in an attempt to contribute to the resolution of problems that involve contexts and subjects that occupy and live in this environment. Thus, the primary objective of this study was to carry out a scope review that encompassed national and foreign productions, seeking to understand, systematize and divulge the scientific production in the interface of occupational therapy with the rural world, analyzing it critically, in order to perceive the potentialities and weaknesses of the production of knowledge and practices in this field, considering the diverse ruralities and contexts worldwide. Results from the five continents were found with data needed to carry out a systematization and a synthesis of this knowledge. These were studied, analyzed, and distributed into six categories according to the issues addressed. We conclude that several studies on the interface between occupational therapy and the rural world have been carried out around the world, addressing various aspects and spheres, both in the scope of practice, including the professionals themselves and the populations assisted, and in the academic environment.
Os usos do futuro do pretérito em livros didáticos e gramáticas normativas do português brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Mella, Beatriz de Souza; Hirata-Vale, Flávia Bezerra de Menezes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2797556968074056
The future of the past tense in Brazilian Portuguese is defined as a verb tense that expresses a future occurrence in relation to an event that took place in a past moment (FARACO; MOURA, 2000). This prototypical definition, however, is not able to cover all the nuances of meaning that this mode-temporal morpheme can express. Besides the temporal value, the future of the past tense is used with modal values (of hypothesis, uncertainty, doubt, among others), since it is established in the field of the imaginary, and can also be a marker of evidentiality (LOURENÇO, 2016; MELLA, 2020). Thus, this theoretical-analytical work intends to verify how grammars and textbooks of Elementary II, adopted by the public school system, deal with the future tense, in order to analyze how the traditional method and its conceptions affect the teaching of Portuguese in Brazil. From this, it is intended to demonstrate the importance of the treatment of verbs considering all its facets of effective and real use, based on a theoretical support of social-functionalist character.
Determinação da demanda hídrica efetiva e potencial em sub-bacias hidrográficas do Rio Piracicaba (SP) para fins de planejamento e gestão dos recursos hídricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Carvalho, Ana Paula Pereira; Collares, Eduardo Goulart; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3131900230122094; Lorandi, Reinaldo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7794241793056671; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244109958201639
The growing water demand is a global concern, as water, when not used rationally, compromises its supply, which can cause several problems, such as water scarcity. The objective of this work was to determine the effective and potential water demand in four Pairs of morphometrically similar hydrographic sub-basins located in the Piracicaba River Basin (BHRP) in the southeastern region of the state of São Paulo, to contribute to the planning and management of water resources. The Water Demand of the Agricultural Sector (DHPa) was calculated through the values of irrigation needs of the crops (temporary and permanent) existing in the study area, made available by the platform “Technical Coefficients for Irrigated Agriculture”. To calculate the DHPa, the temporary crops were classified by stages of development (I to IV), using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The calculation of the Water Demand of the Livestock Sector (DHp) involved bibliographic research to identify the amount of water consumed by each species of animal, and also the in situ data collection for the census of the herds. With regard to Population Water Demand (DHpop), it was established based on the population estimate for each census sector using a demographic indicator, as well as on the average per capita water consumption. Industrial Water Demand (DHi) was determined by the volume consumed from surface and underground water abstractions duly regulated for industrial purposes within the limits of the study areas. In addition to calculating the water demands of the sectors, two Quantitative Water Balances (BHQs) were elaborated, the first was determined considering the effective water demand and the Surface Water Supply (OHS), and the second consisted of the relationship of OHS with DHPa in conjunction with the other demands, to verify the situation regarding the level of commitment of surface water resources in terms of irrigation. From the results, it is noted that for the first BHQ, Pair 4 was the one that showed the highest levels regarding the commitment of water resources. In the analysis of the second BHQ, the DHPa was decisive to frame the water resources in more restrictive levels in most of the days analyzed in the studied sub-basins. However, the SB(C) and SB(D) sub-basins that make up the Pair 2, presented the most critical situations regarding the level of water commitment, due to the exploitation of their water resources for the different activities developed. The methods adopted in this work can be easily adapted to determination water demand in other 4th order hydrographic sub-basins located in the Piracicaba, Capivari and Jundiaí River Basins (PCJ), as well as in distinct hydrographic regions of the country, since, most of the databases used have national coverage. The results may assist managers in the elaboration of public policies with a view to planning and managing water resources.
Revisão Sistemática de Literatura do modelo de governança da Fundação Renova: subsídios para uma análise crítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Dinat, Camila; Hayashi, Carmino; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5356706616713297; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7556736178874749
As a result of the failure of the Fundão iron ore tailings dam on November 5, 2015, in Mariana (MG), an environmental crime that resulted in death, a Transaction and Conduct Adjustment Agreement (TTAC) was signed between the responsible companies Samarco, Vale and BHP Billiton, and public institutions at the federal and state levels of MG and ES. The TTAC defined the creation of the Renova Foundation for exclusive dedication to the process of repairing the damage caused. It was necessary to establish a robust governance model, on which there clearly seems to be no consensus regarding the effectiveness in the face of the proportions of the disaster. To understanding the proposed model, a systematic literature review (RSL) was carried out to identify the state of the art, and in the light of good governance principles, the study sought to identify the critical points of the system. The result of the RSL was the classification of the literature in three complementary perspectives of analysis: i) governance from the point of view of public policy; ii) the governing and participatory logics present in the model; and iii) criticism from the point of view of deliberative democracy. The study concludes that public authorities, environmental agencies and institutional arrangements in environmental matters, have shown themselves to be unprepared to promote disaster management of this magnitude, which culminated, among other definitions, in a governance structure to perform such management, inadequate. The critical points identified can suggest ways to improve the current system.
Biomarcadores de gravidade da COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Luporini, Rafael Luís; Pott Júnior, Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5961854320494257; Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8851940343344084
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, reached pandemic status in 2020, becoming a major global health problem. COVID-19 has a wide spectrum of manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic forms to severe forms such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, cytokine storm and death. Given the magnitude, mortality and morbidity affected in the last two years by COVID-19, this study aimed to identify biomarkers in patients with COVID-19 that establish a relationship with the severity of the disease at hospital admission. Among these biomarkers are inflammatory cytokines, hepatic transaminases and metabolites analyzed by metabolomics. The present research is a unicentric cross-sectional study, conducted at the HU-UFSCar. Clinical, age, sociodemographic, comorbidity and severity data from adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were analyzed. Blood samples were collected up to 12 hours after hospital admission. General biochemical analysis, flow cytometry (for inflammatory cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α) and metabolomics by magnetic nuclear resonance were performed for several metabolites, including phenylalanine. After statistical analysis, our results showed that: 1) elderly people with COVID-19 have higher levels of IL-6 and IL-10 compared to the adult group, this difference being associated with the severity of the disease and, in the elderly group, the higher rates of comorbidities. 2) Liver transaminases are markers of COVID-19 severity, with IL-2 associated with borderline transaminase elevations, while IL-10 associated with moderate to severe elevations. 3) Phenylalanine is a severity marker for COVID-19 independent of inflammatory cytokines. In this way, it was possible to establish biomarkers associated with the severity of adult patients with COVID-19 and, thus, to contribute to the analysis of the severity of COVID-19 cases and to assist in the decisions on how to manage cases by health teams in a hospital environment.
Produtividade em diferentes genótipos de soja para enzima urease
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Lamonica, Giovana Contarelli; Lombardi, Ana Teresa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813; Souza, Sarah Caroline Ribeiro de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5432408406468248; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1341455368015516
Plants need nitrogen at all stages of development, which is considered an essential nutrient. Nitrogen can be absorbed from the soil, mainly in the form of inorganic compounds, nitrate, and ammonia. However, urea is an organic nitrogenous compound that plants can also absorb, being hydrolyzed into ammonia and carbon dioxide by the enzyme urease. In soybeans, two main types of urease are found, the ubiquitous urease, present in all plant tissues, and the embryo-specific urease, present in grains and in developing embryos. The objective of this work was to investigate possible changes in the growth and yield of urease mutant soybean plants, as well as to analyze the levels of some nitrogen compounds in the leaves. For this, mutant soybean plants of the following genotypes were cultivated: eu1-a, eu3-a, eu4-a, eu1-a/eu4-c, and Williams 82. After reaching the stage of seed and pod formation, the plants were collected and biometric and biochemical analyzes were performed. Regarding the growth parameters, some differences were observed between the genotypes, mainly between eu4-a concerning the others. In the biochemical analyses, only the nitrate content differed between the mutants. In general, we can conclude that there are differences in the growth of mutant and control genotypes and, at first, the Williams 82 control seems to be the most productive. However, we suggest that more studies be done to evaluate the productivity of the mutants.
Investigação da modelagem da informação da cidade como ferramenta de gestão de indicadores de sustentabilidade urbana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Garcia, Guilherme Augusto Palmeira; Bueno, Cristiane; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2049901634471620; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9936536254753595
This research is instigated by the search for sustainability in processes, especially on urban spaces. Furthermore, there is a gradual increase in importance of the roles played by cities on a global scale. Therefore, there is a need to expand and improve urban planning and management. Considering this, the management of existing urban sustainability indicators is analyzed through City Information Modeling (CIM), as an approach that integrates the fields of urbanism, engineering, and computer science. To apply said analysis, it was collected from different sources 858 indicators as well as technologies and researches in CIM. Then, using their crossed features, a SWOT analysis was carried out to obtain the positive and negative aspects inherent of the management process, as well as opportunities and threats that the application is subject to by the external environment. With the results of this analysis, it is inferred that the application of CIM in the management of indicators is effective, especially in visualization, data collection and generation of scenarios, contributing to decision making. However, it is limited to physical issues or urban infrastructure and to the systematic collection and quality of data. It is also concluded that it presents itself as a means of promoting public participation and environmental education. Finally, the establishment of urban sustainability indicators is linked to the change of paradigms in the current way of urban management. Knowing this, the present work is a contribution on this topic precisely, pointing out the potential of the joint use of CIM and sustainability indicators for a more sustainable city and pointing to paths that can be traced in future research.
Entre prosas e livros: a literatura infantil negro-brasileira interroga, tensiona e expande o campo da literatura infantil brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-28) Luiz, Maria Fernanda; Cruz, Ana Cristina Juvenal da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6736396213946663; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8401-376X; Abramowicz, Anete; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2502752385941894; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4714-3602; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3484454478374641; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3785-7895
La présente recherche a pour objectif général de comprendre l'impact de la littérature d'enfance et de jeunesse noire-brésilienne dans le champ théorique de la littérature d'enfance et de jeunesse, en partant des oeuvres de la littérature d'enfance et de jeunesse noire et en analysant l'agence des personnages noirs. Du point de vue méthodologique, nous analyserons les livres sélectionnés et distribués par le Programme National de Bibliothèque Scolaire (PNBE) pour les premières années de l'école primaire I du réseau public dans les années 2008, 2010 et 2012. On sait que depuis la mise en oeuvre de la loi 10.639/03, les thèmes liés à l'histoire et à la culture afro-brésilienne et africaine sont devenus obligatoires dans le programme scolaire des réseaux publics et privés. Cette politique publique a créé une demande d'utilisation de différentes ressources pour l'introduction de ce thème dans les différents niveaux d'enseignement travaillant dans ces systèmes. Ainsi, en tant qu'objectif spécifique, comprenant les livres de littérature des enfants et des jeunes comme de possibles instruments de lutte contre le racisme, nous avons l'intention de savoir comment les auteurs construisent les personnages noirs dans ces livres, parmi les livres sélectionnés et distribués dans les écoles publiques du Brésil par le PNBE. Le champ théorique s'articule autour du débat sur la constitution de la littérature d'enfance et de jeunesse compte tenu des nouvelles tendances qui cherchent à modifier et à promouvoir une autre forme de production littéraire. Nous espérons que cette recherche pourra contribuer à la production de connaissances dans le domaine de la littérature d'enfance et de jeunesse ainsi que dans le domaine de l'éducation des relations ethniques et raciales. En outre, on s'attend à ce qu'elle dévoile les défis et les contributions de l'enseignement de l'histoire et de la culture des Noirs à travers de la littérature pour les enfants et pour jeunes.