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Redes alimentares alternativas na metrópole de São Paulo: movimentos de proximidade entre agricultores e consumidores em tempos de pandemia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-17)
Cheung, Natália Kwok Yee
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Abreu, Lucimar Santiago de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7025928931374268
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0444663664633733
In recent years, there has been a significant growth of initiatives in alternative agroecological food networks, generating new production-distribution-consumption relationships. With the Covid-19 pandemic, the urgency of transforming food systems in favor of more sustainable practices in agriculture became evident. This research aims to understand if the pandemic caused qualitative changes in the proximity relationship and in the shared values between farmers and consumers in organic food networks in the city of São Paulo. The investigation was conducted from a literature review and field research, which included semi-structured interviews with farmers from an organic cooperative and structured questionnaires with two consumer networks. The commercialization of organic food was impacted occasionally in the most critical months of Covid-19, however, this period brought innovations in the ways of selling production and being in contact with consumers. It can be seen that, if, on the one hand, the pandemic limited physical proximity in alternative food networks, on the other hand, it generated greater awareness of the importance of healthy food, and its interrelation with agroecology and human, animal and environmental health.
Repertório sobre a contenção/movimento do corpo: percepções das professoras da educação infantil sobre a prática corporal em tempos de pandemia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-17)
Campos, Sheila Garbulha Tunuchi
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Pinheiro, Rosa Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6292207464385037
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3046042793246183
This is a study with greater emphasis on remote teaching in the time of the Covid-19 pandemic, which followed the pandemic moment Covid-19 from contact restriction to the gradual return of classes. Through the qualitative study using a previous questionnaire, we sought to collect general information about the teachers, and the biographical narrative interview, answering the question: During the pandemic, how did the teachers observe their own performance when facilitating physical activities for students in early childhood education via remote learning? Considering the problem, the objectives were outlinedand analyzed based on the following criteria: the biographical narrative interview and the observations made by the four teachers working in early childhood education in relation to the practices of physical activities during remote learning. The study sought to learn what the teachers observe of the family dynamics in relation to the facilitation of physical activities among students while counting on the support of the family to carry out these activities at home. The data were organized in a descriptive and interpretive framework for discussion of the results, using the CSD method (Collective Subject Discourse). The results pointed to the fact that there was a great commitment on the part of the school community to re-assess teaching methodologies with physical activities, which are present at all times in remote teaching; however, at the same time, there was a strong indication methodology inefficiency in regard to teacher training. During the pandemic, families that were actively involved and interacting with the children made all the difference in process once the children returned to in person classes. Not only the teachers, but also the families realized the great relevance of physical activity in early childhood education. It was also observed that physical movement was highly valued in remote teaching, however, not all families satisfactorily adhered to the available proposals, but of those families present, they demonstrated a great contribution to the development of their children, which were observed when in person classes were resumed.
Biochar: relação com agroecologia, estado da pesquisa e matérias-primas promissoras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-17)
Arias, Candela Mariel
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Silva, Laura Fernanda Simões da
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Soares, Marcio Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2235270776321472
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337462438517339
To reduce the environmental impacts caused by most food and raw material production systems, it is essential to change the paradigm of agricultural production to that of sustainability. In this context, agroecology presents itself as a science, practice and movement that provides tools for the development of agricultural systems that positively impact the social, environmental and economic spheres. Several tools can be developed to strengthen sustainable practices and, among them, the use of biochar.This dissertation aims to understand the relationship between the use of biochar in the context of agroecology, to analyze the situation of research and dissemination on biochar in Brazil, as well as the raw materials used for its production. For this, a bibliographic review was initially carried out, using the Web of Science database, in order to understand the impact of biochar in the social, environmental and economic spheres related to agroecology. Then, a bibliographic and bibliometric review was carried out, using the Software VosViewer, aiming to identify the countries, researchers and institutions that most collaborated in these investigations and the most promising raw materials for the production of this input. As environmental advantages, biochar contributes to increased productivity by reducing impacts on natural resources by improving the physical, chemical and biological attributes of the soil, in addition to contributing to the reduction of the volume of agricultural waste generated, reducing greenhouse gas emissions.. Regarding the social and economic benefits, the farmers have greater autonomy in relation to the fertilizer market, the reduction in production costs and the To reduce the environmental impacts caused by most food and raw material production systems, it is essential to change the paradigm of agricultural production to that of sustainability. In this context, agroecology presents itself as a science, practice and movement that provides tools for the development of agricultural systems that positively impact the social, environmental and economic spheres. Several tools can be developed to strengthen sustainable practices and, among them, the use of biochar.This dissertation aims to understand the relationship between the use of biochar in the context of agroecology, to analyze the situation of research and dissemination on biochar in Brazil, as well as the raw materials used for its production. For this, a bibliographic review was initially carried out, using the Web of Science database, in order to understand the impact of biochar in the social, environmental and economic spheres related to agroecology. Then, a bibliographic and bibliometric review was carried out, using the Software VosViewer, aiming to identify the countries, researchers and institutions that most collaborated in these investigations and the most promising raw materials for the production of this input. As environmental advantages, biochar contributes to increased productivity by reducing impacts on natural resources by improving the physical, chemical and biological attributes of the soil, in addition to contributing to the reduction of the volume of agricultural waste generated, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Regarding the social and economic benefits, the farmers have greater autonomy in relation to the fertilizer market, the reduction in production costs and the generation of extra income with the commercialization of the final product. The bibliometric analysis allowed us to identify that publications on biochar in the Brazilian agricultural context began in 2003, with a tendency to rise from 2015 and peak in 2021. The Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA) was the institution with the greatest contribution of scientific publications, with Novotny E. and Madari B. as the most prominent authors. Importantcollaborations in research on biochar in Brazil with researchers from other countries were identified, especially Spain and the United States. Materials of plant origin are the most used for the production of biochar in Brazil, especially those from wood. There was an evident and promising trend in the use of plant residues from the sugar-energy industry and materials of animal origin, with emphasis on poultry litter. Despite the high supply of raw materials, regional studies are needed that address the use of available raw materials, highlighting the potential that biochar can have to solve problems related to the management of urban waste or the reuse of waste of animal origin.
Formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) e vespas parasitoides (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) em duas fitofisionomias de Cerrado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-18)
Iéck, Bianca da Cruz
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Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950
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Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147
Environments with diversified vegetation in phytophysiognomies, such as the Cerrado, provide high species diversity. In the state of Minas Gerais, the cerrado occurs predominantly and has important conservation units to preserve the fauna and flora of this biome, with Serra da Canastra National Park (PNSC) standing out. Despite its extension and importance, studies on the biodiversity present in the park, especially on invertebrates, are still scarce. Thus, the present work aimed to know the fauna of ants and parasitoid wasps collected with Moericke traps in phytophysiognomies of rupestrian fields and gallery forest in Serra da Canastra National Park, MG, Brazil. For this, we used data collected monthly, from December 2018 to October 2019 at three collection points, each point represented by two adjacent areas: one of rocky field and one of gallery forest. A 50m transect was drawn in each area with 100 Moericke traps distributed, which were exposed for 48 hours. Data on parasitoid wasps were obtained at the subfamily level; ants were identified in morphospecies. A total of 11,143 ant specimens were collected, grouped into 96 morphospecies, belonging to 31 genera of 7 subfamilies, with 5,287 individuals recorded in the rocky field and 5,856 in the gallery forest. A total of 2,857 specimens of parasitoid wasps of the Braconidae family were collected, with 87 individuals found in rupestrian fields and 2,770 in gallery forest, distributed in 18 subfamilies. The ant species richness was significantly higher in the gallery forest and the composition was different in the gallery forest when compared to the rupestrian field. For parasitoid wasps there was a greater abundance of individuals in the gallery forest and a greater richness of subfamilies in the campo rupestre. This result can be explained by the vegetation structure, because in the gallery forest the number of diversified plant species forms a heterogeneous and complex environment, providing greater availability of food resources and nesting sites, allowing the occurrence of nests and the coexistence of a greater number of species. Considering that plant diversity can influence herbivore populations, the presence of endemic plants in the rupestrian fields may be able to harbor differentiated hosts of specialized parasitoid wasps. The results obtained in this work demonstrate that the Serra da Canastra National Park harbors a very rich fauna of ants and parasitoid wasps, with a high diversity of species, especially when considering the gallery forest. These results can be expanded from other studies to be carried out in the park area.
Efeito do extrato de pimenta rosa e do tipo de embalagem sobre a qualidade e estabilidade oxidativa de hambúrguer de frango
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-18)
Diniz, Julia Pereira
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Kato Junior, Edison Tutomu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2870505840656417
For years, pink pepper has been used in folk medicine as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory, which has aroused the interest of the scientific community regarding its biological activities, such as antioxidant. The search for natural compounds as alternatives to the use of synthetic antioxidants has been growing in the meat industry. Among meat products, processed chicken products have a great need to use these additives, as they have a high susceptibility to the development of lipid oxidation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pink pepper extract and the type of packaging (aerobic and vacuum) on the physicochemical characteristics and oxidative stability of chicken burgers. Pink pepper ethanol extracts were obtained and analyzed for total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS). Subsequently, the extracts at a concentration of 90 mg of gallic acid equivalent/kg of meat were applied to chicken hamburgers and evaluated as a natural antioxidant compared to a formulation containing synthetic antioxidant (BHT), and a control formulation (without antioxidants). All samples were stored in an aerobic environment and under vacuum for seven days at 4 °C and evaluated for oxidative stability, color and pH. The pink pepper extract showed considerable content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. The hamburger with pink pepper extract was more effective than the one with BHT to delay the lipid oxidation of samples conditioned in an aerobic environment and was as efficient as this synthetic antioxidant in samples packed under vacuum. Regarding the samples packaged in an aerobic environment, pink pepper proved to be as efficient as BHT after 7 days of storage. There was a slight reduction in pH of the samples packed in an aerobic environment and darkening of the samples with the addition of pink pepper extract, probably due to the slightly acidic pH and the coloring of the natural extract. The application of pink pepper extract as a natural antioxidant is efficient to delay lipid oxidation, showing that it can be used as a promising natural antioxidant in the industry.
Arte sonora: nomadismo, escutas e processos criativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-18)
Ramos, Alex Suraty
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Nespoli, Eduardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0482744763085170
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8414390712773145
The present work proposes to investigate the poetic aspects intrinsic to the Sound Art, taking the nomadism notion as the principal reference. Starting from the relationship between the pieces, the listening modes and the interactive processes, the dissertation approaches how the choices of materials, technologies and the formation of sound artists are important elements in the creative process. The sound artist transits between different means, knowledges, technologies and art languages to propose their own pieces. This research conducts a mapping of píeces and sound artists, tracing a broad dialogue with the investigated bibliography. The researched Sound Art pieces are found as sound installations, site-specific, sound sculptures and interactive environments. The Sound Art explores the potential of listening and the use of sound as a way of interacting with the pieces. In this way, the research points out that this artistic genre is characterized by its hybridism, revealing some historical approximations between music and the contemporary plastic arts. Furthermore, it is of great importance for the conception of Sound Art the influence of the experimental pieces of John Cage and the Fluxus group. From Cox's theory (2004; 2009) about the notions of becoming and duration, the virtual and the actual; and from Santos's theory (2000; 2004; 2006) about nomadic listening, it was concluded that Sound Art enables a listening in movement, dialoguing with the spectator’s memories on aesthetic enjoyment in sculptures, installations and architectonic spaces. So the sound artist is observed as a proposer of pieces and the creation arises from experiences in process.
Os olhos de Ojuobá: experiências docentes para a educação das relações étnico-raciais no ensino fundamental da rede pública municipal de Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-18)
Cavalheiro, Adilene Ferreira Carvalho
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Pinheiro, Rosa Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6292207464385037
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9616524538043974
The research on screen analyses how pedagogical practices are revealed for the Education of Ethnic Racial Relations (ERER) that intend to get rid of the distancing perspective, arising from the touristic curriculum. It comes from the initial consideration that African and indigenous matrices are silenced throughout the year, becoming visible in the school environment, only on specific dates, and in a punctual mode. Scientific studies on curricular themes and anti-racist education show the insistent reproduction of knowledge that arises from Eurocentric thinking and colonialised mindsets, as choices that underlie the teaching-learning processes in the context of Basic Education, and reveal limitations in the process of continuing education of ERER teachers. In view of these findings, we elaborated the question of this research: how can pedagogical practices in the context of elementary education in public municipal schools of Sorocaba converge with the Education of Ethnic-Racial Emancipatory Relations? The scope of this research resides in the elementary school grounds, second stage of Primary School Education, in two public municipal Educational Institutions of the city of Sorocaba, which caters for children from the 1st to the 9th grade, and adheres to the Institutional Initiation Scholarship Program to Teaching – PIBID, whose chosen theme was “Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations and Human Rights”. This is a qualitative research, with a methodological approach that took place through a narrative interview and bibliographic review on studies that focus on ethnic-racial identification and teacher training. We seek to start our journey from the perception and perspectives of the teachers participating in the research on their formative experiences, articulated with pedagogical practices that invited the African matrix to become the focus of their attention. “The eyes of Ojuobá...” is a title that refers to choosing a type of register that dialogues at the same time with the theoretical-methodological framework and allows a sensitive hearing, to listen and build with teachers the data about the perceptions arising from the knowledge of experience confluent with the ERER. The results indicated the existence of pedagogical practices that brought the African matrix as their central focus. An incipient process, constructed in the border territory between school and university, however, a powerful contribution to the strengthening of afro-perspectivist approaches in a sustainable way within the school. The possible articulations convey considerations about the training processes for ERER, creatively empowered at the crossroads between the personal and the professional dimension.
Profissionalização docente na educação infantil no município de São Carlos - SP: a sobreposição da lógica educacional à lógica assistencialista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-18)
Bueno, Jaqueline Cristina dos Santos
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Filho, Alceu Gomes Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7885557554922569
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7465-1581
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Candido, Silvio Eduardo Alvarez
The present study addresses organizational change with a focus on the transition from welfare to educational logic in early childhood schools in the city of São Carlos, using a survey on the training and specialization of the teaching staff to analyze this process. Data obtained from the Municipality of São Carlos and interviews with teachers from the municipal early childhood education network were used for this purpose. Faced with social changes related to the way of seeing the child as a social actor, theories began to value the experiences and experiences of this age group, and this had an impact on education. Initially, daycare centers were designed with a more assistentialist character, supervised by the Social Assistance Department, with a focus solely on the care and hygiene of children. Professionals who worked directly with students did not need any training, since early childhood education was not part of basic education . Since the 1990s, several laws have brought about changes in child care. This required an adjustment on the part of professionals and managers of the teaching organization. A process of encouraging the continuing education of professionals working in education was initiated. Thus modifying the routine, the assessment methods, and consequently the skills developed. It was noted that the vast majority of professionals had their level of education increased during their professional lives and continuing education is something present in the school calendar. It can be concluded, therefore, that even when caring is associated with educating in early childhood education, the assistentialist logic of the day care center has been gradually replaced by the educational logic, and it is possible to verify an overlap between the two logics at times through the perspectives and modes thinking, as well as everyday attitudes already established in the organization's routine.
O estudo de aula para a implementação da alfabetização científica nos anos iniciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-18)
Gonçalves, Simone Munafó Tostes
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Santos Junior, João Batista dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5615071332323472
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8213048231177175
This work addresses aspects of teacher training through a collaborative process that is configured from the Classroom Study approach. The study took place during the COVID-19 pandemic with 13 elementary school teachers from a public school in the city of Sorocaba/SP, in a formative process for the teaching of science of interest in the implementation of scientific literacy. Taking into account that the Classroom Study takes place in stages of development, the teachers went through a conceptualization with the theme chosen in their theoretical approach, collaboratively carried out lesson plans, applied and investigated the proposals of the contents and, finally, carried out analyzes reflective. This process proved to be effective for the development of the introductory implementation of scientific literacy where the teachers developed aspects of the collaborative culture among their peers, favoring their professional development.
Análise da concentração de elementos potencialmente tóxicos em hortaliças cultivadas de modo convencional, hidropônico e orgânico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-18)
Silva, Victor Dubas da
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Oliveira, Luciana Camargo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6238603150964753
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9107130480998070
In search of a better quality of life, it is currently common to look for organic products, which tend to be seen as healthier, one of the reasons being the possibility of them having less contaminants. Amongst the main contaminants are the potentially toxic elements (PTEs), as, for instance, cadmium, copper, chromium and lead. Motivated by the risks posed by the consumption of food contaminated with PTEs and the availability of vegetables grown by different farming methods, this study analysed the concentrations of Al, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr and Zn in curly and smooth lettuce, collard greens, escarole and rocket grown by conventional farming, hydroponics and organic farming, aiming to investigate possible relations between the concentrations of PTEs and the farming methods. The samples were obtained in the region of Sorocaba – SP in local commerce, and the concentrations were determined by microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MPAES). Higher concentrations of Al, Ba and Fe were observed on vegetables from conventional farming (C), when compared to those from organic farming (O), and the latter higher than those from hydroponics (H) (trend C > O > H). K, Pb and Zn showed the trend O > C; Sr: C > O = H; Mn: C > O; Mo was present in a lower concentration on vegetables from conventional farming; and for Cr and Cu no tendencies were observed. Cd, Co and Ni concentrations were below the limit of detection in most samples and, therefore, it was not possible to find any trend for these elements. In this context, for the studied samples, it was not possible to affirm that a given farming method favours higher or lower concentrations of the analysed elements in general. However, the knowledge about PTEs concentrations on vegetables is fundamental to the monitoring of these species on the environment, as it is for the maintenance of a food quality control.
Atuação dos orientadores pedagógicos dos centros de educação infantil do município de Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-18)
Galão, Sabrina Aparecida
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Sant'Ana, Isabella Mendes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7860235863062183
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0966995604985853
This study aimed to investigate the role of the Pedagogical Advisor who works in the public network in Early Childhood Education institutions in a city in the interior of São Paulo. As specific objectives were defined: 1) to know the Pedagogical Advisor's perspective regarding his/her professional role; 2) to investigate the challenges, potentialities and characteristics of the work and significant experiences about the performance in the area. The research was based on the Cultural-Historical Theory and semi-structured interviews were carried out with 5 (five) Pedagogical Advisors effective in the position for more than five years. The information obtained indicates that the participants addressed the relevance of this professional's work and presented several dimensions about their role in Early Childhood Education, covering actions aimed at planning; the teaching-learning process and the training of teachers and education assistants. Challenges highlighted include: gaps in initial training; lack of continuing education; performance in two school units and various activities that extrapolate the functions related to the Pedagogical Advisor. The potential of the work involves the configuration of a school environment more favorable to the observation of child development, based on the pedagogical strategies carried out by the teachers; the training of educators and the existence of pedagogical actions that are more integrated with school agents. Regarding the experiences, it was observed that the participants exposed important events in their professional trajectories, based on the interrelation of social, cognitive and affective aspects. It is argued that, due to the complexity that permeates the reality of the Pedagogical Advisor's performance, it is understood that it is necessary to value this and other professionals in Education, especially in Early Childhood Education, from the recognition of the work of the Pedagogical Advisor. Pedagogical Advisor, aiming at the quality of care offered to early childhood.
Interrupções e distrações na assistência de enfermagem na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva-COVID-19 em um hospital universitário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-18)
Fonseca, Renata Elizabete Pagotti da
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Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0185144417072417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2371913920864364
Frequent disruptions, whether from interruptions or distractions, negatively impact health care, impairing the cognitive process. When a task is interrupted, when resuming, the professional needs time to return to the point where he stopped, and it is possible that some steps of the process are omitted or repeated and, consequently, can lead to errors. In view of this theme, we chose to study interruptions and distractions during the activities carried out by the nursing team in an ICU for the care of patients with COVID-19 and reflect on strategies to reduce these interruptions and distractions. The objective of was to analyze the interruptions and distractions witnessed by nurses and nursing technicians, as well as the perception of these professionals on this topic. The development of the research took place in three phases. In phase I, a literature review was carried out, to list the main interruptions and distractions experienced by the nursing team in the literature and the strategies to minimize them. In phase II, on-site observations were carried out and in phase III, the interview with the nursing team was carried out. The theoretical framework used was patient safety. Data analysis in phase I was performed with a structured instrument, in phase II it was performed through absolute and percentage frequencies and through measures such as mean, standard deviation, minimum, median and maximum, Poisson regression model and regression model Gamma. For all analyses, a significance level of 5% was adopted. Finally, in phase III, the analysis took place through Bardin's content analysis. As a result, of the 243 activities performed by the team, 61 of them suffered interruptions (25.1%) and 8 of them suffered distractions (3.29%). The most interrupted activities were the administrative ones, such as annotation in the electronic system, printing of labels for the collection of exams and in carrying out the systematization of nursing care. However, it was observed that there were interruptions in care activities, such as when a new patient was admitted to hospital, when checking the prescription and in the preparation and administration of medication. The main source of interruption identified was the nursing technician, followed by equipment, self-interruption and the nurse. There were activities performed by the nursing team that interrupted other collaborators, such as, for example, pronation and supination, intercurrences during the shift and attire, as well as activities performed by the nursing team that were interrupted, such as taking notes. As distractions, cell phone use, parallel conversations and equipment alarms were signaled. It is concluded that interruptions can lead to consequences such as errors in medication preparation and administration, stress, delay and physical and emotional overload, and strategies to avoid interruptions and distractions in the work environment are considered important. This study was innovative in carrying out observations within an ICU for the care of patients with COVID-19, to collect data on interruptions and distractions to reflect on strategies to ensure that work is carried out safely.
Impactos político-pedagógicos do uso do nome social nas histórias de vida de travestis negras brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-19)
Jesus, Elísha Silva de
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Mendonça, Viviane Melo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4827331651090223
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4026094275055212
This Master dissertation aims to understand how the implementation of ordinance 8.727/2016, which provides for the respect of the Brazilian social name at school, impacts or has impacted on the life stories of black transgender in the metropolitan regions of Sorocaba and Campinas, state of São Paulo. The methodology has the basis into qualitative research through interviews with students in the sense of understanding their life history. They were three black transgenders interviewed. Their interviews comprise more than four hours of recorded and transcribed dialogue. The interviews were done remotely to adhere to Covid-19 restrictions; the interview methodology was well received by the University ethics committee. This dissertation also highlights how the colonial occupation had prevented the black population from having the right to a name and surname and other degrading techniques used to marginalize the black community. In summary, the social name can be understood as political- pedagogical tension between search for black transgender dignity, gender identify acknowledgment and denial of the exercise of citizenship that is based on racism, anti-gender bill and cis compulsory heteronormativity.
Uma trajetória submersa: a “hipótese Nietzsche” de Michel Foucault em seus cursos no Collège de France entre 1970 e 1976
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-19)
Dias, Rafael Gironi
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Stival, Monica Loyola
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0624149613819754
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4518987479959973
The fragmented genealogies performed by Foucault in the first half of the 1970s are marked by the arrhythmia of discontinuities, and the analysis of events, often diluted with the dust of history, its privileged sources. In this context, the philosopher elaborates a working hypothesis that aims to combine the critique of discursive events from the archaeology of knowledge, with a genealogy that displays the marks of power in the constitution of realities from a discourse of truth; that is, a Nietzsche hypothesis about the will to know and the will to power. With the objective of verifying the construction of this hypothesis from its methodological operators, with emphasis on the notion of event, the study followed Foucault's genealogical trajectory through his courses held at the Collège de France from his inaugural class, The Discourse of Language (L'Ordre du discours), till the course of 1976, Society Must Be Defended (“Il faut défendre la société”). Thus, the genealogies undertaken by the philosopher in this period, instead of constituting models for an analytical of power in its various forms, they allow to recover the "materiality of the discourse", a central element to understand the relations of power and knowledge in Western societies, and they mainly enable the creation of necessary counter-knowledge for struggles and confrontations in what is currently intolerable.
Síntese de 5-seleno-1,2,3-triazóis policíclicos via reação dominó: cicloadição/selenilação mediada por sais de cobre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-19)
Teixeira, Wystan Kreisly Othon
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Schwab, Ricardo Samuel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6935890756504964
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4152230172230893
In recent years, the number of works involving the synthesis of selenium-containing molecules has increased considerably, especially due to its pharmacological activities and potential application in materials science. Nevertheless, in spite of the considerable advances that have been made in this field, the design of general and efficient cascade strategies to construct of polycyclic [1,2,3]-triazoles, containing 1,2,3-triazole group fused to a selenium heterocycle is still not achieved. Given the importance of this class of compounds, it is extremely important the development of new and efficient methodologies that can allow obtaining these seleno-heterocycles. We herein describe a copper salt mediated interrupted click-selenylation domino reaction, to synthesize selenium cycle fused 1,2,3-triazoles in one-pot from 1,2-bis(2-azidoaryl)diselenides and terminal alkynes under microwave irradiation. The methodology offers a broad scope, proceeds well, affords the products in moderate to excellent yields, and advantageously, the reaction could be carried out by using dimethyl carbonate, an environmentally benign and sustainable solvent. Moreover, it was also demonstrated that this methodology could be successfully extended to TMS-protected alkynes as well as to bioactive alkynes. A plausible reaction mechanism has also been proposed based on the control experiments and previous reports.
Práticas e percepções de agricultoras e agricultores sobre o manejo do capim-mombaça (Megathyrsus maximus) em sistemas agroflorestais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-22)
Xavier, Marcelo Gomes Barroca
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Ramos Filho, Luiz Octavio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0194484031523826
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Franco, Fernando Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3218633711361955
Anchored in the practices and knowledge of traditional peoples and communities, and in the dialogue of this knowledge with science, agroecology seeks to rescue and develop production practices based on ecological principles. The processes that consist of transforming a conventional system into sustainable production systems comprise the agroecological transition. Agroforestry systems (SAFs) are an important alternative for this transition. In SAFs, the local production of biomass for soil cover is primordial. Grasses, for their adaptability and productivity characteristics, have been used in SAFs, among them, the mombasa grass (Megathysus maximus Jaq.), being cultivated in strips and cut systematically. Through semi-structured interviews, the present study sought to understand and systematize the practices and perceptions of farmers regarding the management of mombaça in SAFs. The interviews were conducted with seven interlocutors, five men and two women, aged 31 to 60 years. The interlocutors comprise experiences from three different Brazilian states (São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Paraná), as well as from the Federal District. The content of the interviews was organized in the following categories: 1) cutting point; 2) cutting height; and 3) mechanization aspects. Regarding the criteria used for cutting the grass, farmers mention aspects such as the "pre-flowering phase", "young grass" and "before it gets old". The height, "about 1 meter", as well as the availability of labor were also pointed out as factors that influence the cutting point of the grass. Regarding the cutting height, the interlocutors mentioned a preference for lower heights, from 5 to 15 cm, to promote greater tillering in regrowth. According to the interlocutors, machinery is a limiting factor. The machines mentioned were: backpack brush cutter, micro-tractor, tractor brush cutter, forage harvester, and ecological brush cutter. The interviews proved to be an important tool to identify the farmers' practices and perceptions, contributing to bring the voice and experience of those who are in practice to dialogue with the knowledge developed in the academic-scientific context.
As relações entre o desenho e o desenvolvimento da consciência na educação infantil à luz da Teoria Histórico-Cultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-22)
Boriollo, Beatriz de Cássia
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Mello, Maria Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7564543327972299
This is a theoretical research, based on Historical-Cultural Theory, to answer the question: what is the contribution of Historical-Cultural Theory for the comprehension of the relationship between the development processes of the drawing and the child’s consciousness in the children’s education? The aim was to identify the underpinnings of the Historical-Cultural Theory necessary to relate the development of the drawing and the child’s consciousness, as well as its possible implications in the teaching practice. Therefore, through the genetic-experimental method of Historical-Cultural Theory and based on theoretical-bibliographic research, we discussed the necessity of the teachers to maximize, intentionally, the development of children’s drawings, to provide the development of higher psychological functions. As specific goals, we seek: to conceptualize the underpinnings of the drawing in the Vygotskian theory and find fundamental issues (guidelines originated from reflective abstractions) to comprehend the development process of the drawing and the child’s consciousness, and its possible implications in the pedagogical practice; to discuss the teacher’s role as enhancer of the drawing’s development. As from the immersion in the historical reality of our research subject, we identified in the drawing categories and consciousness, the analysis guidelines of data in light of Historical-Cultural Theory. In other words, the school’s role in children’s education, aesthetic and artistic education; the possibilities a teacher in children’s education of creating meaningful contexts in his/her pedagogical practices, intentionally, to the development process of the drawing and the child’s consciousness; the relationship of the higher psychological function of the drawing with the other higher psychological functions; the possibilities of the drawing also taking other roles in the child’s development and the relationships between the drawing development and the child’s consciousness development in the children’s education. The results proved our thesis: the teacher’s intentionally planned action for an aesthetic and artistic education, guided to the development process of the higher psychological functions, meaningful to a child, can promote and maximize the movement between the drawing development and the child’s awareness raising process.
Políticas públicas para a primeira infância em Sorocaba (SP): limites e possibilidades das articulações feitas pelo Conselho Municipal de Educação (CMESO)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-22)
Moreira, Danieli Casare da Silva
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Sant'Anna, Izabella Mendes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7860235863062183
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6541971471902800
This study aims to investigate the performance of the Municipal Education Council of Soro-caba (CMESO) in relation to public policies for Early Childhood Education regarding educational management processes within the Municipal Education System (SME). For that, initially, a contextualization about the genesis of the municipal education councils is exposed, as well as the constitution, trajectory and dynamics of functioning of the CMESO. Priority was also given to understanding what were the proposals for public policies for early childhood guided by the collegiate and their impacts at this stage of teaching. This research was methodologically based on the qualitative approach and documental analysis of minutes, opinions and deliberations of the CMESO in the time frame from 2018 to 2020. As a result, several topics addressed by this Council in relation to Early Childhood Education and its referrals were identified. , namely: discontinuity of Public Policy action projects and programs that culminated in CMESO Deliberation 02/2018; prohibition of the adoption of apostille for Education in the Municipality enacted by CMESO Resolution 06/2018; adult/child proportionality for early childhood education with CMESO Resolution 03/2018; as well as pedagogical proposals and definitions of actions by the municipality for early childhood education in the pandemic. In this sense, it is understood that the potential of the CMESO encompasses: the regulation and organization of the Education System, the establishment of guidelines for its planning, execution and evaluation. The Councils also play a fundamental role in the democratic management of the Teaching System and are committed to building social quality education. The challenges encountered involve the articulation and mediation of the demands of education by the local civil society together with the managers of the municipal public power. It is argued that the CMESO is a body attentive to the reality of the municipality and that fulfills its fundamental role in the democratic management of the Education System, based on the commitment to build quality education for all, aiming to guarantee equality and equity.
Limites e potencialidades da relação entre poder público municipal e cooperativas de catadores(as) de materiais recicláveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-22)
Alves, Murilo Mendes
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Zanin, Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9685965969782429
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8439365466768364
Recyclable-waste collectors cooperatives are organized and established in various regions of the country as an alternative to the misfortunes brought by unemployment and precarious work, which lead part of the population to seek different forms of subsistence in the economy. The main objective of this research is to identify favorable or unfavorable aspects in relation to the support of the municipal government with the cooperatives of solid waste pickers, which perform the selective collection service in four cities of the State of São Paulo. Thus, the research problem involves the lack of support offered to recycling cooperatives by the municipal government, and it is related to the absence of municipal public policies capable of promoting the socio-productive inclusion of waste pickers and maintain or consolidate existing experiences, a problem that causes negative effects on workers, such as: weakening of the cooperative; precariousness at work and discontinuity of the selective collection service. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, a qualitative descriptive approach was used and the study was carried out in four cities in the interior of the state of São Paulo that are part of the same geographic region and have solidarity economy cooperatives formed in the early 2000s . An extensive bibliographic review was carried out and the information was collected through documents, official websites and complemented by a questionnaire with closed questions directed to municipal public managers and to representatives of the cooperatives. Among the results, regarding the relationship between public authorities and recyclable-waste collectors cooperatives, factors that can promote the strengthening or weakening of collectors cooperatives were evidenced. Municipal legislations were identified with the potential to offer better conditions and overcome the scenario of exploitation and precariousness of the work of collectors, but which are not fully implemented. It was concluded that the hiring of recyclable-waste collectors cooperatives is a fundamental factor to strengthen their activities, but it is also necessary that the public power is properly structured to offer support to the collectors, aiming at the inclusion of more people in the recycling production chain, so that it is also possible to promote the principles of solidarity economy with these workers. Support from the government brings greater security for cooperatives to develop their work and can contribute to greater longevity and sustainability of these enterprises. In this sense, the results of the work indicate that with the support of the public power through the formal contracting of cooperatives and the implementation of government actions that generate effective benefits to the work of the collectors, the cooperatives are able to provide their services appropriately, as well as effecting the inclusion of more workers in the recycling production chain, generating benefits in the economic, environmental and social dimensions.
Borracha natural modificada com ácido hialurônico para aplicações em lesões cutâneas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-22)
Miranda, Bruna Vanessa Quevedo
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Rezende, Maira de Lourdes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2299690498863346
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Duek, Eliana Aparecida de Rezende
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4147198882685212
Skin lesions are considered a public health problem, because in addition to compromising and impairing the quality of life of individuals, they can generate high costs for the health system. In this context, the search for biomaterials that can treat and recover damaged tissues is growing. Studies show that Natural Rubber (NR), extracted from Hevea brasiliensis rubber trees, is a biocompatible biopolymer that has properties that help in the tissue repair process. However, for biomedical applications, it has certain limitations related to the presence of allergenic proteins, hydrophobicity and unsaturated bonds, which limiting its application. In order to overcome these limitations and contribute to the development of new biomaterials, this study aims to deproteinize, epoxidize and graft NR with hyaluronic acid (HA), which is extremely widespread in the medical field due to its bioactive properties. The study also aimed to evaluate the behavior of the new material as a release system for active compounds. For this purpose, the release profile of dry chamomile flower extract (CHAM) was tested due to its therapeutic properties. Therefore, the 1st stage of this work investigated two different methodologies to obtain the proposed material, which were called 1st and 2nd route. Both materials were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), which allowed us to observe signs of deproteinization and esterification grafting between the epoxidized NR and HA molecules. Hydrogen Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H NMR) analysis corroborated the results obtained by FTIR. Thermogravimetry (TG) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) thermal analyzes showed that the grafted sample had a lower degradation rate and a higher glass transition temperature (Tg), indicating strong intermolecular interactions. In the 2nd stage, it was found by FTIR that the interaction between the grafted material and CHAM is merely physical. The TG showed that the incorporation of CAM to the modified material is capable of causing a decrease in its thermal stability. The DSC showed that the addition of CHAM can cause a slight increase in the flexibility of the material. Finally, the release profile showed that the grafted material is capable of acting in the CHAM release process, which makes the material promising to be applied in the future in the treatment of skin lesions.