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Repertório sobre a contenção/movimento do corpo: percepções das professoras da educação infantil sobre a prática corporal em tempos de pandemia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-17) Campos, Sheila Garbulha Tunuchi; Pinheiro, Rosa Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6292207464385037; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3046042793246183
This is a study with greater emphasis on remote teaching in the time of the Covid-19 pandemic, which followed the pandemic moment Covid-19 from contact restriction to the gradual return of classes. Through the qualitative study using a previous questionnaire, we sought to collect general information about the teachers, and the biographical narrative interview, answering the question: During the pandemic, how did the teachers observe their own performance when facilitating physical activities for students in early childhood education via remote learning? Considering the problem, the objectives were outlinedand analyzed based on the following criteria: the biographical narrative interview and the observations made by the four teachers working in early childhood education in relation to the practices of physical activities during remote learning. The study sought to learn what the teachers observe of the family dynamics in relation to the facilitation of physical activities among students while counting on the support of the family to carry out these activities at home. The data were organized in a descriptive and interpretive framework for discussion of the results, using the CSD method (Collective Subject Discourse). The results pointed to the fact that there was a great commitment on the part of the school community to re-assess teaching methodologies with physical activities, which are present at all times in remote teaching; however, at the same time, there was a strong indication methodology inefficiency in regard to teacher training. During the pandemic, families that were actively involved and interacting with the children made all the difference in process once the children returned to in person classes. Not only the teachers, but also the families realized the great relevance of physical activity in early childhood education. It was also observed that physical movement was highly valued in remote teaching, however, not all families satisfactorily adhered to the available proposals, but of those families present, they demonstrated a great contribution to the development of their children, which were observed when in person classes were resumed.
Redes alimentares alternativas na metrópole de São Paulo: movimentos de proximidade entre agricultores e consumidores em tempos de pandemia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-17) Cheung, Natália Kwok Yee; Abreu, Lucimar Santiago de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7025928931374268; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0444663664633733
In recent years, there has been a significant growth of initiatives in alternative agroecological food networks, generating new production-distribution-consumption relationships. With the Covid-19 pandemic, the urgency of transforming food systems in favor of more sustainable practices in agriculture became evident. This research aims to understand if the pandemic caused qualitative changes in the proximity relationship and in the shared values between farmers and consumers in organic food networks in the city of São Paulo. The investigation was conducted from a literature review and field research, which included semi-structured interviews with farmers from an organic cooperative and structured questionnaires with two consumer networks. The commercialization of organic food was impacted occasionally in the most critical months of Covid-19, however, this period brought innovations in the ways of selling production and being in contact with consumers. It can be seen that, if, on the one hand, the pandemic limited physical proximity in alternative food networks, on the other hand, it generated greater awareness of the importance of healthy food, and its interrelation with agroecology and human, animal and environmental health.
Biochar: relação com agroecologia, estado da pesquisa e matérias-primas promissoras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-17) Arias, Candela Mariel; Silva, Laura Fernanda Simões da; Soares, Marcio Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2235270776321472; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337462438517339; Forti, Victor Augusto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5742976162363922; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1281048940535121
To reduce the environmental impacts caused by most food and raw material production systems, it is essential to change the paradigm of agricultural production to that of sustainability. In this context, agroecology presents itself as a science, practice and movement that provides tools for the development of agricultural systems that positively impact the social, environmental and economic spheres. Several tools can be developed to strengthen sustainable practices and, among them, the use of biochar.This dissertation aims to understand the relationship between the use of biochar in the context of agroecology, to analyze the situation of research and dissemination on biochar in Brazil, as well as the raw materials used for its production. For this, a bibliographic review was initially carried out, using the Web of Science database, in order to understand the impact of biochar in the social, environmental and economic spheres related to agroecology. Then, a bibliographic and bibliometric review was carried out, using the Software VosViewer, aiming to identify the countries, researchers and institutions that most collaborated in these investigations and the most promising raw materials for the production of this input. As environmental advantages, biochar contributes to increased productivity by reducing impacts on natural resources by improving the physical, chemical and biological attributes of the soil, in addition to contributing to the reduction of the volume of agricultural waste generated, reducing greenhouse gas emissions.. Regarding the social and economic benefits, the farmers have greater autonomy in relation to the fertilizer market, the reduction in production costs and the To reduce the environmental impacts caused by most food and raw material production systems, it is essential to change the paradigm of agricultural production to that of sustainability. In this context, agroecology presents itself as a science, practice and movement that provides tools for the development of agricultural systems that positively impact the social, environmental and economic spheres. Several tools can be developed to strengthen sustainable practices and, among them, the use of biochar.This dissertation aims to understand the relationship between the use of biochar in the context of agroecology, to analyze the situation of research and dissemination on biochar in Brazil, as well as the raw materials used for its production. For this, a bibliographic review was initially carried out, using the Web of Science database, in order to understand the impact of biochar in the social, environmental and economic spheres related to agroecology. Then, a bibliographic and bibliometric review was carried out, using the Software VosViewer, aiming to identify the countries, researchers and institutions that most collaborated in these investigations and the most promising raw materials for the production of this input. As environmental advantages, biochar contributes to increased productivity by reducing impacts on natural resources by improving the physical, chemical and biological attributes of the soil, in addition to contributing to the reduction of the volume of agricultural waste generated, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Regarding the social and economic benefits, the farmers have greater autonomy in relation to the fertilizer market, the reduction in production costs and the generation of extra income with the commercialization of the final product. The bibliometric analysis allowed us to identify that publications on biochar in the Brazilian agricultural context began in 2003, with a tendency to rise from 2015 and peak in 2021. The Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA) was the institution with the greatest contribution of scientific publications, with Novotny E. and Madari B. as the most prominent authors. Importantcollaborations in research on biochar in Brazil with researchers from other countries were identified, especially Spain and the United States. Materials of plant origin are the most used for the production of biochar in Brazil, especially those from wood. There was an evident and promising trend in the use of plant residues from the sugar-energy industry and materials of animal origin, with emphasis on poultry litter. Despite the high supply of raw materials, regional studies are needed that address the use of available raw materials, highlighting the potential that biochar can have to solve problems related to the management of urban waste or the reuse of waste of animal origin.