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Uso de métodos baseados em laser para caracterização da matéria orgânica em solos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-26) Tozo, Marcelo Larsen de Lima; Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
The growing interest in biogeological carbon sequestration to avoid or offset CO2 emissions, mainly in the interest of generating carbon credits, has stimulated the need to develop monitoring approaches by companies and agricultural producers. Allied to this, the understanding of the molecular structure of organic carbon in soils (COS) and the external factors (pH, granulometry, degree of humification, organo-mineral association) have been considered criteria to predict the rotation of carbon in soils. Research on laser-based spectroscopic techniques (specifically laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy – LIBS and laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy – LIFS) has become prominent in recent years for real-time characterization of soil properties, due to its versatility and speed. in carrying out analyzes and generating results. In the study of soils collected on a farm located in the city of São Jorge do Ivaí, Paraná, the use of LIFS allowed the characterization of organic matter and its lability, as a function of depth (00-05, 05-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-60, 60-80, 80-100cm) and the collected area (agricultural area and native forest), based on the humification index – HLIFS – calculated. It was observed that the calculated index is higher in the area of agricultural production in relation to the native forest, however in both areas, the value of HLIFS is increasing along the soil profile. In addition, the use of LIBS showed promising results in the quantification of COS, obtaining good correlation with reference techniques (r > 0.89) and low average error of calibration and prediction of carbon content (both smaller than 0.30 % C).
Silicato de cálcio e magnésio,dinamizado pelo método homeopático, nas culturas do milho e do arroz
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-26) Pereira, Suele Augusto; Fontanetti, Anastácia; Gomes, Tamara Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3598362104615834; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8713189027706362; Rossi, Fabrício; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0621862166341833; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7701242003992987
Corn and rice are among the world's top foods and producing them sustainably is essential. In this sense, the use of homeopathic preparations can help in the development of these cereals, with an impact on the absorption of nutrients and on the soil. The aim of this work was to study the effects of steel slag (calcium and magnesium silicate) on different homeopathic dynamizations, on the initial development of corn and rice and on the chemical characteristics of the soil. The following treatments were studied: calcium magnesium silicate (SiCaMg), in the following dynamizations: 8DH,13DH, 21DH, 34DH, 4CH and 17CH; a control, without application of SiCaMg and homeopathic preparations (SPH) and a treatment with SiCaMg in weight dose. Biometric data, water use efficiency, soil chemical characteristics and water infiltration rate after maize and rice cultivation were evaluated. Calcium magnesium silicate (CaMgSi), both in weight and in homeopathic preparations, showed lower values for corn in relation to plant height (CaMgSi and 21DH), leaf area index, fresh and dry mass of the plants. leaves (34DH and 21DH), stem fresh and dry mass (CaMgSi, 21DH, 17CH, 34DH and 8DH), water use efficiency (CaMgSi, 21DH, 17CH, 34DH and 8DH). In relation to rice, biometric data and data from and EUA showed no differences between treatments. In corn, foliar calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) contents were higher for the control, and CaMgSi for corn had a similar effect to 8DH, 4CH, 21DH, 34DH, 17CH, decreasing its absorption. In rice, similarly, it happened for Mg levels, but not for Ca. Regarding the chemical characteristics of the soil, there was an increase in pH, with a decrease in potential acidity and differences in the vii contents of phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and sulfur (S) and micronutrients. There was a decrease in the infiltration rate after application of treatments 34DH, 17CH, 8DH and 4CH in relation to the control. (CaMgSi, 21DH, 4CH and 8DH). In this way, it was verified that it is possible to select homeopathic dynamizations that correspond to the effects of the application of calcium and magnesium silicate in weight dose, with potential use of the technology rural producers.
Análise do efeito do padrão de entrada no desempenho da comunicação sem fio de medidores residenciais modernos de energia elétrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-26) Minhoto, Rafael José; Capovilla, Carlos Eduardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4513328674134331; Nascimento, Claudionor Francisco do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7482480424827756; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1631147851579161
Modern residential smart meters are among the enablers of the smart grid concept. Automatic electric metering is an important part of an energy policy with a focus on implementing new concepts that can provide consumers with user-friendly access to various services, whereby modern residential smart meters can be integrated into the smart grid,for example via a wireless communication interface. In this paper, based on a case study and through experimental analysis with bench and field measurements, the performance of wireless communication employed in a modern residential electricity meter, installed in a metal box entry perpendicular to the roadway, was verified. In the experiments IEEE 802.15.4 compatible devices were used, operating at a frequency of 915MHz, which are used by many manufacturers and utilities in modern residential smart meters.
Atendimento educacional de estudantes com necessidades específicas do napne em um campus do IFPR: limites e possibilidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-26) Negri, Lucas de Moraes; Orlando, Rosimeire Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4254571422608459; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9534294370188955
The present study has as its central theme the care of students with specific needs at the Federal Institute of Paraná, carried out by the Center for Assistance to Persons with Specific Educational Needs – Napne. This theme is justified by the gradual increase in the number of students supported by the accessibility policy at the IFPR, which gave rise to the need to know how the services are developed by this nucleus in order to understand its limits and possibilities in the services offered to students with disabilities. Specific needs and, consequently, improve these actions through the results obtained, since the teaching-learning process of these students depends directly on the quality of intermediation they receive. The study was guided by the following question: What are and how are the services and assistance offered by Napne on a campus of the Instituto Federal do Paraná organized? The goal consists of knowing and analyzing the care and services offered by Napne for students with specific needs on an IFPR campus. The methodological approach adopts a qualitative approach and a descriptive design. In this way, administrative technicians in Education and professors from a campus of the Federal Institute of Paraná participated, and the research participants numbered 06 people (six), being 01 technician in educational matters, 01 pedagogue and 04 teachers for the interview. half structured. Two instruments were used for data collection: (1) Semi-structured interview, the scripts were prepared and validated by members of the Research Group Nucleus of Studies and Research in Right to Education - Special Education - NEPEDE'EEs/UFSCar, and (2) Questionnaire, for understanding the importance of this characterization, as well as the ease in formulating the questions and sending them, considering the construction of the questionnaire via Google Forms. The results presented are in the form of the interviewees' speech record from which subsidies are extracted to understand the limits and possibilities of this service developed by Napne. The research results suggest that it is possible to improve the service work for students with specific needs through a new reorganization that could rely on systematization tools such as flowcharts and organizational charts, appropriate for the care of the education professionals involved.
Pedagogia da memória como experiência formativa nas narrativas autobiográficas de Cecília Meireles e Walter Benjamin
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-26) Tavernard, Ivone Oliveira; Gomes, Luiz Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4768579559449929; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1218776633452502
In this Doctoral research, the Fundamentals of the Pedagogy of Memory as a formative experience is inaugurated, from the narrative dialogues present in the autobiographical Olhinhos de gato (1938) by Cecília Meireles and Infância em Berlim por volta de 1900 (1932 a 1938) by Walter Benjamin. The objective was to analyze to what extent the autobiographical narratives of these authors provide theoretical-critical and formative subsidies to establish the Foundations of the Pedagogy of Memory, with a view to enhancing formative experiences since early childhood education. The research is defined as follows: what contribution would the process of remembering childhood experiences, in the memorialist formulations of these narrators, bring to constitute the Foundations of Memory Pedagogy as a formative experience on Brazilian soil, in a historical-ideological context marked by the politics of erasure and oblivion? The analysis of the narrative writings delimits itself in the categories memory and formative experience, essential concepts to the processes of remembering, elaboration and revelation of childhood; These include the concept of Pedagogy of Memory, with the aim of forging a new formative category for education. The research was anchored in the bibliographic methodology, based on the literature review (primary and secondary) by the authors Meireles and Benjamin, with emphasis on the educational-philosophical approaches of the Critical Theory of Society. It is concluded that the research inaugurated the Foundations of the Pedagogy of Memory as a formative experience, presenting remembrance, remembering experiences as a formative element. Such a theoretical-critical and formative framework is, without a doubt, urgent, given the educational gaps and public policies of death and memory loss.
Emoções, relações sociais e apoio social no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-26) Oliveira, Nathalia Alves de; Luchesi, Bruna Moretti; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3385433655310047; Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2526565658961846
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is considered the health crisis with the greatest biopsychosocial impact in the world. Restrictive social measures applied for long periods of time may have impacted social relationships, the social support network, causing a longer time of experiencing emotions such as anger, sadness and fear. Objective: to assess emotions, social and intergenerational relationships, and social support, in the first phase of social restrictions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. To meet the main objective, two studies were carried out, presented in the format of articles that had the following objectives: article 1: to analyze the factors associated with the feeling of sadness in elderly people during the first phase of social restrictions of COVID-19. Article 2: To analyze the sociodemographic, pandemic scenario and social support factors associated with self-reporting of changes in adult social relationships in the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: article 1: 133 elderly people registered in the Family Health Units in the city of São Carlos-SP participated in the study. Data collection took place by telephone and comprised the assessment of sociodemographic, emotional health and social support aspects in the COVID-19 pandemic. For data analysis, Pearson's chi-square test and binary logistic regression model were used. Article 2: An online study was conducted with 1053 Brazilians ≥ 18 years of age, in which sociodemographic, emotional aspects of the pandemic context, relationships and social support were analyzed. For data analysis, a multinomial regression model was built. Both studies had a cross-sectional design and were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of São Carlos. Results: article 1: most participants were female, aged between 70 and 79 years, with low education, married and with a single-generational household structure. Of the total, 65 reported the emotion of sadness, and this was associated with a lower level of instrumental social support, maintenance of electronic social contact, and feelings of anguish and fear. Article 2: of the 1053 participants, 566 reported that the pandemic negatively affected social relationships, 203 positively, and for 284 social relationships were not affected. For the three groups, there was a predominance of females, aged between 30 and 59 years, postgraduates, residing in the Southeast region and in big-generation households. They were associated with the self-report of positive changes in social relationships: higher family income, emotional/informational social support and maintenance of social contact through digital means. The factors associated with the self-report of negative changes in social relationships were not living with a partner, a greater number of people in the household and a feeling of social isolation. Conclusion: Article 1: Not receiving instrumental social support, maintaining social contact through digital means, feelings of anguish and fear were factors that were associated with the emotion of sadness. Article 2: The factors of higher family income, not feeling isolated, high perception of emotional/informational social support, were associated with lower chances of positively affecting social relationships, and keeping in touch through digital means increased the chances of affecting social relationships. positively in social relationships. Variables associated with self-reported negative changes in social relationships were: not living with a partner, greater number of people living at home and feeling of loneliness. The results of both studies can be used to develop educational practices focused on emotions, stimulating social relationships and social support, which have considerable impacts on biopsychosocial health.
Dor crônica, ansiedade e sintomas depressivos em estudantes de Enfermagem em tempos de pandemia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-26) Miotto, Luiz Paulo; Souza, Daniela Maria Xavier de; Gonçalves, Angelica Martins de Souza; Zerbetto, Sonia Regina; Hortense, Priscilla ; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9828456904786181; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7153278628783234
Objetivos: Identificar as manifestações de dor crônica (DC), ansiedade e sintomas depressivos em estudantes de Enfermagem de uma universidade pública federal em tempos de pandemia, analisando a associação entre essas variáveis, e descrever as características sociodemográficas e de hábitos de vida na população estudada. Método: Estudo quantitativo, transversal, observacional e analítico, realizado de julho a novembro de 2020, com amostra de 119 estudantes de Enfermagem matriculados no segundo semestre de 2020. Foram utilizados questionários para caracterização sociodemográfica e de hábitos de vida, o mapa corporal da Escala Multidimensional de Avaliação de Dor, o Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado e o Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Resultados: A maioria dos estudantes de Enfermagem da amostra é do sexo feminino, com idade média de 23,4 anos, e 37,8% convivem com DC. Os estudantes com DC apresentaram maiores níveis de ansiedade e mais sintomas depressivos. Verificou-se associação entre DC, ansiedade e sintomas depressivos nessa amostra. Conclusão: Durante o período pandêmico investigado, foi encontrada associação entre DC, ansiedade e sintomas depressivos na população de estudantes de Enfermagem da universidade investigada, indicando que os acadêmicos com DC experimentam maiores níveis de ansiedade e mais sintomas depressivos do que aqueles sem DC.
Educação para a coletividade: pressupostos para as atividades de matemática com crianças de 3 a 5 anos à luz da Teoria Histórico-Cultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-26) Biolcatti, Camila Fernanda; Mello, Maria Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6798660726504000; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6798660726504000
This research results from a bibliographical and theoretical study about education for collectivity in Childhood Education based on situations involving the teaching and learning of mathematics in the light of the Cultural-Historical Theory. As a basis, we use the conceptual assumptions of Lev Vygotsky and the authors of his School about the ontogenesis of human development, namely cultural mediation, as well as the conceptions of Artur Petrovski and Anton Makarenko about the consciousness of life in collectivity. Within the list of higher psychic functions, we present mathematics as a science historically developed and shared by humanity. Within the list of superior psychic functions, mathematics is presented as a science historically elaborated and shared by humanity. Based on Vygotsky's fundamentals about mathematics and the psychic development of humans, we note the child, specifically in Early Childhood Education. For this, we consider the concept of periodization of development and the main activity of the preschool age, which is role-playing, based on Alexei Leontiev and Daniil Elkonin. We also adopt the conceptions of Ole Skovsmose's Critical Mathematics Education, seeking to articulate mathematics teaching and the development of collective consciousness in children from 3 to 5 years old. It highlights Skovsmose's idea of materacy and mathematics as a tool for reading the world. This research aims to think about teaching and learning children's mathematics through role-playing, contributing to a pedagogical practice that promotes developmental and emancipatory teaching. The methodological path occurred according to the Historical-Dialectical Materialism method and the genetic method, with readings from books and classical theory authors, as well as current researchers who study the theme. As a result, we highlight the assumptions of education for collectivity with mathematics activities, such as mediation and teaching intentionality; main activity; play; conceptual thinking; materacia, and collective ethics. Furthermore, two proposals of pedagogical practices with children are presented, corroborating the idea that it is possible to have an education that articulates the teaching of mathematics with the development of collective ethics, as advocated by Makarenko.
Histórias em quadrinhos como veículo de divulgação científica: significações sobre a história de conservação do mutum-de-Alagoas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-26) Rodrigues, Gabriela Aparecida; Fernandes, Hylio Laganá; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1315602045624096; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7826932916340156
The Alagoas curassow (Pauxi mitu) is an extinct‐in‐the‐wild bird since 1980 and has survived thanks to reproduction programs in captivity. Originally endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil, the species inhabited the Pernambuco Centre of Endemism (PCE), a region considered the most threatened of all Atlantic Forest. Currently, through a well-known environmental conservation project called “Evaluation, Recuperation, and Conservation of Threatened Animal Species from the Pernambuco Centre of Endemism”, the species is in the process of being reintroduced to its natural habitat - an event, so far, unique on the American continent. This project, which brings together researchers from several areas and institutions, in addition to developing research and strategies for biodiversity conservation in the region, also collaborates with activities of Scientific Dissemination (SD). In this context, the present research evaluated a CD material about the Alagoas curassow, which was developed as part of the strategies for conservation of the species. This material, whose scope is to present information about the species and the contributions of science to its conservation, is in Comics format and intends to collaborate in raising awareness about the importance of conservation of the species and the PCE. Comics have a dual language, which articulates textual and iconic information, and were chosen as a vehicle for DC due to their communicative potential, capable of promoting a fluid and easy-to-understand reading. The comic strip entitled "The case of the Alagoas curassow", presents the bird as the main character, composing a narrative that deals with the history of its extinction in nature until the current process of its reintroduction. To explain its trajectory, the material uses terms and concepts from the biological sciences, exploring its informative/educational role. For this investigation, the research proposed to raise, through reading experiences of this material, the meanings attributed to the narrative and the concepts presented, considering groups of readers with different levels of education/area of training. The composition of these groups aims to understand the level of accessibility of the information conveyed in the comic and whether it is comprehensible to a broad audience. As analysis tools, the Peircian Semiotics was used for a qualitative analysis of the meanings, and the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test, for a quantitative analysis of the data collected. The analyses have satisfactorily identified elements of the narrative that hinder the understanding of certain scientific concepts, and have also revealed ways to overcome them
O acordo comercial entre o Mercosul e a União Europeia: uma análise de acesso ao mercado europeu
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-26) Sardinha, Lucas Spazziani; Faria, Rosane Nunes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1172221536399083
The objective of this work is to analyze the tariff elimination offer proposed by the European Union within the scope of the FTA signed with Mercosur in order to assess the possible effects of access to the European Union market by Mercosur countries. To this end, the tariffs imposed by the EU before and after the agreement were analyzed, using summary measures, such as weighted averages and simple averages, as well as measures of dispersion, such as the standard deviation. In addition, the work was based on the value of EU imports from Mercosur in 2019, to make an analysis together with the mentioned tariffs, and the tariff quotas that are also part of the tariff elimination offer. From this analysis, it was found that the agreement will bring possible gains in market access by Mercosur countries when considering products that currently have high tariffs, however, these effects will not be immediate, as the agreement has a very long exemption period of up to 10 years. For the tariff quotas offered, the results are different from each other, some products will have possible market gains, such as Poultry Meat and Honey, and others will not have so significantly, such as Beef. In conclusion, the agreement will also bring other effects outside the commercial sphere, solidifying more modern legal, technical and environmental structures in Mercosur countries.
Tertúlias literárias dialógicas e leitura dialógica com pessoas idosas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-26) Batisteti, Éverton Madaleno; Mello, Roseli Rodrigues de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5233854244313683; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1309935801898202
Currently, the elderly population in Brazil exceeds 30 million people and it is predicted that by 2050 the number of elderly people will approach 70 million. Considering this demographic trend and the rights of the elderly population guaranteed by legal provisions, such as the Statute of the Elderly, it becomes evident the need to discuss how educational activities aimed at Lifelong Learning can contribute to the process of Healthy Aging, ensuring a life capable of promoting all the functional abilities that allow the elderly to be and do what they value. Therefore, considering a specific Successful Educational Action, which has as its theoretical reference the seven principles of the Dialogical Learning Theory (namely: Equalitarian Dialogue, Cultural Intelligence, Instrumental Dimension, Transformation, Meaning Making, Solidarity and Equality of Differences), it was aimed in this qualitative research, of descriptive type, to highlight transformative aspects and exclusionary aspects, from the perspective of participating seniors, of dialogical literary tertulia spaces as favorable to healthy aging. It is understood that the dialogical reading of classical works allows these participants a continuous process of Lifelong Education, besides promoting spaces for social interaction and incentive to other activities. From the analysis of ten communicative reports with elderly people (average age of 71.6 years) and participants of the same group of Dialogical Gathering, it was possible to establish the transforming elements (that favor institutions and subjects to reach the necessary instruments for the exercise of equality) or, in contraposition, the excluding elements. Using the Communicative Methodology, which seeks to empower all the voices of the people involved in the research, breaking with the interpretative hierarchy, we expanded the understanding of the Dialogical Literary Gatherings not only as an educational activity capable of expanding the instrumental dimension of the contents of its participants, but also as i) a space for personal strengthening and overcoming of traumas and attitudinal barriers; ii) promoter of other activities aimed at healthy aging; iii) capable of expanding relationships and guiding relationships for interactions based on communicative acts. It is hoped that this work will contribute to the field of education, gerontology, and all those involved with the well-being and guarantee of the rights of the elderly, emphasizing the importance of long-lasting activities for the strengthening of bonds and their benefits.
As políticas de alfabetização na visão do Banco Mundial e suas consequências para o Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-26) Frati, Roberta Cristiane; Marques, Sílvio César Moral; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6047434055828372; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7477878192186614
This research entitled "Literacy Policies in the World Bank's view and its consequences for Brazil", aims to understand the political project for education and analyze Strategies of the World Bank (BM) for its scope, with attention to literacy and national education policies in Brazil, seeking to answer the question: in the light of World Bank policies and National Education Policies, what are the guidelines for addressing learning difficulties in literacy? It refers to qualitative research, through bibliographic and documentary research. The research will demonstrate the political elements that make up the publications of the WB that, in turn, present propositions for educational reforms, focusing on literacy and will develop the conception of a globally structured agenda for education, that is, it intends to show how a new form of supranational force affects national educational systems. From there, we will analyze three productions funded by the BM on education and literacy and the National Education Policies to understand their strategies to face the challenge of literacy in Brazil and observe the influence of this mechanism on Brazilian legislation. This dissertation consists of three chapters. Chapter 1, Education and World Agenda, discusses the role that education gains on the world stage assuming a significant role in the process of social transformation, considered as paramount to the preparation of countries to face competition in a globalized economy. It presents the World Bank and its premises for educational reforms in developing countries. In chapter 2, we will address the Brazilian educational guidelines for literacy, bringing a brief historical contextualization of the regulation of teaching in Brazil. It situates literacy in emerging difficulties, presenting the most recent legislations: National Education Plan and National Literacy Policy. For Chapter 3, Technical Advisory, Intellectual Production and Educational Research: The Structuring of the World Bank's Research Work and its consequences for Brazil presents the organizational structure of bm research, for the preparation of specialized publications for developing countries. Also in the third chapter, we will reflect on the legacy that the internationalization of educational policies has left for the third sector. The main conclusions indicate that the educational reforms conceived and implemented by the Brazilian government from the 1990s to the present day were influenced by the diagnoses and guidelines of the World Bank and, deeply, in the example demonstrated by the recent World Bank Literacy Policy Package for developing countries and the National Literacy Policy.