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“A fichinha de evolução é muito ultrapassada”: uma análise sobre os benefícios da implementação de softwares no CREAS (Centro de Referência Especializada em Assistência Social)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Santos, Jhenifer Cristine Sanches dos; Pessoa, Alex Sandro Gomes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4333565964821090; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7467887123059210
CREAS (Specialized Reference Center for Social Assistance), a medium-complexity public institution linked to the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS), is made up of multidisciplinary teams that work to enhance the protection, strengthening of bonds and autonomy of families and individuals whose rights have been violated. There are, however, some challenges in the management of CREAS that hinder the success of interventions, such as the lack of systematization of the service and computerization of administrative-bureaucratic activities. Based on these considerations, this research aimed to analyze and understand the routine and the main challenges related to the organization and systematization of the work processes and administrative procedures of CREAS, with the purpose of evaluating the need and feasibility of computerizing the activities carried out in the institution. This was a qualitative, crosssectional study based on a case study. Through a semi-structured interview, 4 (four) higher-level technicians who worked in a CREAS located in a medium-sized city in the interior of the state of São Paulo participated in the research. The data obtained were submitted to the Content Analysis process, which resulted in four central categories: a) Description of activities; b) Records; c) Communication and work processes; d) Difficulties, challenges and recommendations. The results obtained revealed that the use of software could help in the optimization of administrative-bureaucratic activities, such as the maintenance and manipulation of medical records, preparation of reports, agenda management and case control, which could lead to more agile and efficient work processes. Furthermore, the findings of this investigation suggest that the use of software could allow for greater data security for service users.
O componente curricular de língua inglesa na BNCC e no Currículo Paulista sob o prisma da educação linguística
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Costa, Elidiana Aparicio da; Silva, Vera Lucia Teixeira da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4421134009136228; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4419502870977045
The paper introduces the results of a research that investigated how approached linguistics education is introduced in two different documents: the BNCC and the Paulista Curriculum. Those documents have been current since 2017 and 2019, respectively. It is important that teachers of English know how these documents were built and what pedagogical assumptions direct them. In this perspective, it is understood that, reflecting on their practice, teachers can provide students a critical and reflective learning. The theoretical framework comprises the studies developed by Ferraz (2018), Duboc (2018), Britto (2012), Bagno e Rangel (2005), Bechara (2005), Lomas (2003), Travaglia (2003) e Spolsky (1974) it was discussed perspectives of linguistics education. The research follows a qualitative approach and makes use of a documental analysis, to reach its goal. The results show that although the documents bring and support the idea of teaching focused on linguistics education, in some excerpts, in both documents, the integral training they suggest does not come true.
Proposta de atividades para o ensino da matemática financeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Lopes, Murilo Cesar; Talpo, Humberto Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1674689444257254; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7352341619224593
This work presents some activities on financial mathematics. The activities were developed with three groups of students of high school in a public school and it were based on real data, which help students to have a sustainable consumption and a responsible financial life. Also, were presented some basics concepts about financial investments.
Polímeros termorresponsivos: principais características do hidrogel e aplicações biomédicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Arioli, Guilherme Augusto; Morgado, Daniella Lury; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9880781580619028; Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7720754304065239
The need to improve efficiency in drug administration has resulted in incentives in scientific research for the development of new materials with biomedical applications that can act in vivo, allowing the release of drugs in specific locations, improving their use, and reducing the loss of principle active. Polymers processed in the form of hydrogels are highlighted due to their excellent biocompatibility with human tissues and organs, non-toxicity, biodegradability, similarity to extracellular matrices in terms of structure and properties, as well as their ability to respond to external stimuli. Among the possible stimuli, hydrogels that respond to changes in temperature, the so-called thermosensitive hydrogels, stand out. These polymers can change their solubility through temperature variation, that is, they are materials capable of gelling without any additional external factor. Some of the thermosensitive polymers that can be mentioned are poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm), Poly (acrylic acid) (PAA), Poly (N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL), Poloxamer 407 (P407), among others. These hydrogels have presented interesting applications in several areas, with an emphasis on biomedical uses, being used as vehicles for the controlled release of drugs. Many of these polymers can be combined with other polymers or inorganic molecules, enhancing their intrinsic characteristics, which could lead to an increase in the drug's controlled release capability and an adjustment in the sol-gel transition temperature. It is noteworthy that thermosensitive hydrogels can also have applications beyond the biomedical area, as in the case of making smart equipment, but this use is still not widespread and is an expanding area for its use. This work consists of a literature review on the use of thermosensitive hydrogels, where some of the main polymers used for their synthesis and their best-known applications were described.
O papel do professor coordenador na inserção profissional de professores da educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Marrega, Aline Cristina da Silva; Machado, Dijnane Fernanda Vedovatto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6758025601578309; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7094861649140704
This job has a focus on the role of a coordinator teacher into the process of professional insertion of teacher into the education network. The professional insertion of teacher is surrounded by uncertainties and fragilities, the teaching work is very complex and challenging, specially at the beginning of the teaching. The institutional support at the beginning of the carrier may be meaningful for the beginning teacher,that is why the management team has a fundamental role in this process. Therefore, the coordinator teacher should act in a closer way in relation to the beginning teacher`s follow up. From what was exposed, emerge the following question: “What is the role of a coordinator teacher for the period of the professional insertion of the children’s education teacher?” In reference to this study in Huberman (1995, 2000), Garcia (1998, 1999, 2009, 2010), Tardif and Raymond (2000), Cavaco (1992) Tardif (2000), 2004, 2005, 2014), Vaillant and Marcelo (2012), Nóvoa (1995, 2017, 2019, 2022), Franco (2000, 2019), Almeida et al. (2020), Cruz et al (2020), Rinaldi et al. (2022) among others. This research of qualitative nature of descriptive exploratory type, made use of documental analyses, and questionaries with open and close questions as instruments to collect data. The data was organized, analyzed and interpreted through a content analyzes technique, which consisted in making a pre-analyzes through a floating reading, material exploration, dealing with data, inference and interpretation. The data analyzed indicates that the coordinator teachers recognize their responsibility as trainer teachers and reveal a movement to welcome the beginning teachers. These, in turn, legitimize the importance of a coordinator teacher at school, and mention to count on the support with their difficulties. Although, it becomes evident in the answers of the two groups, an inexistence of orientation in relation to the beginning teacher insertion procedures, as education network, due to a variability of actions mentioned in different schools. The research indicates an important contribution to the participating teaching network by pointing out the need for training in order to prepare coordinating teachers for a work aimed at the professional insertion of beginning teachers, such as action can favor the composition of a collective work in educational institutions, what will lead to quality work for early childhood education.
Datas comemorativas na educação infantil: dilemas e ambiguidades da prática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Nascimento, Priscila Mendes do; Santos, Maria Walburga dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9294245341344714
The present research seeks to know, comprehend and disseminate the stance of early childhood education teachers in Sorocaba-SP regarding the role of commemorative dates in early childhood education today. For that, it was necessary, based on a qualitative methodology, to carry out three types of research: bibliographic, since it was necessary to consult academic texts about the researched subjects; exploratory, since the research was carried out with teachers; and documentary, as official documents that guide the work developed in early childhood education were consulted. The bibliography was based on authors such as Ostetto, Oliveira-Formosinho and Maia, among others. Among the documents consulted, we were mainly based on the National Curriculum Guidelines for Early Childhood Education (Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação Infantil - DCNEIs). We started the reflection from a resumption of the objectives of the Traditional Pedagogy in contrast to those of the Participatory Pedagogy, understanding that the definition of child brought by the DCNEIs is in line with the objectives of the second. We turn our gaze to the presence of commemorative dates in Brazilian education, in addition to discussing curriculum and planning in early childhood education based on the use of commemorative dates. The research took place remotely and anonymously, where we obtained data about the participating teachers on their training, how long they have been working on the field and their stance regarding the theme of commemorative dates in early childhood education. From the reading, categorization and analysis of the data, we understand that most of the participating teachers consider the pedagogical work from commemorative dates in early childhood education to be important. The data obtained and analyzed indicate that there is a need for greater reflection on the pedagogical work carried out in early childhood education when it comes to basing it on commemorative dates, not only by the teachers, but by the entire school community linked to early childhood education.
Proposição de elementos estruturantes para contratos administrativos entre o poder público e empreendimentos de catadores de resíduos recicláveis no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Domingues Junior, José Olimpio; Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3457732437362738
The evolution of the urbanization process and the disorderly growth of cities resulted in numerous environmental problems worldwide, among which stands out the significant increase in waste production, as well as its inadequate disposal. With the enactment of the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) in 2010, there was the regulation of services for the management and treatment of urban solid waste, which aims to mitigate the Brazilian environmental problems related to the inadequate disposal of urban waste, having as one of the principles to the social inclusion and economic emancipation of collectors of reusable and recyclable materials. This legislation advocates direct contracting between city halls and waste picker enterprises to carry out selective collection. Within the scope of the solid waste chain, there is fundamentally the articulation between solidary undertakings, public authorities and private entities that work in the process of collecting, sorting and processing solid waste in the municipality. The collectors play an important role in this stage. This thesis aimed to propose structuring elements in administrative contracts between the public authorities and recyclable waste pickers in Brazil. The research methodology corresponded to the descriptive approach, through the following methods: consultations with publications (articles, theses, dissertations, websites of city halls and cooperatives); survey of empirical variables organized into variables related to contracts (RC) and the list of contracted agents (CA); definition of variables and subvariables; quantitative data analysis techniques - Cohort and information value. The results showed that the contractual instruments are not in accordance with the devices and aspects recommended by the PNRS, due to the lack of social, economic and environmental inclusion of the collectors, recognition of the work of these professionals, integration into the municipal system in the management of solid waste. It was concluded that the number of contracts entered into between city halls and waste pickers should advance, since they are at odds with what the PNRS recommends, in which it establishes and encourages this contract to assist in the management of urban solid waste. In addition, there must be an instrument that enables and promotes the re-signification of waste pickers' undertakings. For that purpose, seven devices with structuring elements were proposed with the intention of being a reference and contributing to the public administration and waste pickers' enterprises, by helping such agents in the formulation and development of the draft of the contractual instruments. The main contribution of this study is to highlight the possibilities of advances, both in the quantitative and qualitative aspects of contracting between public authorities and waste picker enterprises by pointing out structural elements that allow the protection of such entities and, especially, the pickers, by allowing improvements in conditions of life and work, in addition to promoting quality in the provision of services in the area of urban solid waste.
Fragmentos de uma vida docente: criança, resistência e educação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Janei Neto, Vitor; Dinis, Nilson Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9901790534758296; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0637572083817526
The thesis "Fragments of a teaching life: children, resistance and education" intends to answer the following question: How do young children resist school? For this, the author starts from real and fictional scenes from the daily life of childhood schools, in which he works or has worked as a teacher, written throughout his career, which narrate and describe situations in which children use different strategies of resistance against the school institution (protests, exodus, desertions, escapes, contestations, confrontations, subversions, humor) and establishes relations and connections with the works of authors such as: Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze, Felix Guattari, Fernand Deligny, René Schérer, among others. Its goal is to think about children's resistance so that it is possible to reinvent our own ways of resisting in contemporaneity.
Implicações de diferenças regionais em cultivo de videiras no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Oliveira Junior, Rogério Cardozo de; Schinor, Evandro Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2162760988837984
Viticulture has been growing in Brazil in recent years, this growth is due to the insertion of new techniques and improvements used in vine plantations. Brazil has become a great exponent in the production of grapes for the manufacture of wines, juices or even the in natura product for the table, both for the internal and external market, and the main responsible for this growth was the adaptation of regions Brazilians for the cultivation of vines. Thus, this bibliographic review aimed to gather information about the different ways of growing grapes in different regions of Brazil. It is concluded that the cultivation of vines was adapted according to each Brazilian region, creating new methods of planting, irrigation and soil fertilization to circumvent the adverse edaphoclimatic effects that each state provides to viticulture.
Impactos da pandemia por COVID-19 no contexto de trabalho de profissionais de saúde na atenção básica de saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Rienzo, Israel Roberto de; Fioroni, Luciana Nogueira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086810053892035; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3772092073679369
In pandemic contexts, the work in health becomes even more challenging, which reflects the need for further studies to understand the relationship between its elements. This research is configured as empirical, interpretative, under a quantitative-qualitative approach, and its objective was to investigate and understand the impacts of the pandemic in the work context of health professionals in Primary Health Care (PHC) in a medium-sized municipality in the interior of São Paulo. Thus, the initial invited population was made up of Basic Health Units (BHU) and Family Health Unit (FHU) teams from that municipality, totaling approximately 340 people in the first stage of the fieldwork. The data production was built from the theoretical referential of Sociology and Psychodynamics of Work and was composed of two stages: i) application of the Inventory of Pathogenic Suffering Risks at Work (IRIS); ii) a questionnaire prepared by the researchers aiming at exploring the impacts of the pandemic on the health and praxis of the professionals, which will be applied only to the participants who present risks of pathogenic suffering at work according to IRIS. The data analysis for IRIS followed the instrument's validation normative, and the questionnaire from the Thematic Content Analysis. The results produced were divided into three thematic categories, each with its respective cores and sub-cores of analysis. The first category is Work overload for health professionals in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, which sought to portray both the working conditions, understood from the various factors of daily work that contributed to the excess demand and the pressures that health professionals experience daily in this context (work overload) and how the health work during the pandemic was structured and the consequences of this structuring on the mental health of health professionals (work processes). The category Psychic suffering of health professionals in the work context in the Covid-19 pandemic sought to portray the ways in which health professionals of the ABS of São Carlos experienced psychic suffering in the work context during the Covid-19 pandemic, either through the expressions of suffering at work (Creative Suffering and Pathogenic Suffering), by the interlocations between real work and prescribed work or by the (absence) of valuation at work. Finally, the category Processes of stigmatization of health professionals during the Covid-19 pandemic sought to portray the logic of devaluation of health professionals, which can be seen indirectly both by questioning their work (whether there was vaccine in the syringe) and by a government that not only invested in "drugs" for Covid-19 without scientific evidence, wasting public money, but also used and uses these professionals as scapegoats as a defense strategy against its decisions, feeding the stigma on the public servant. It was concluded that it is fundamental to understand the neoliberal logic of devaluation of the health professional and the precariousness of work relations, so that strategies of health promotion - directed to the health professionals themselves - as well as strategies of valorization and valorization of the SUS can be proposed. Thus, this study can contribute to the proposition of better guidelines for Permanent Health Education (PHE) and support actions for the Mental Health of the worker.
Jogos eletrônicos nas aulas de Educação Física no ensino fundamental: visão docente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Jerônymo, Wellington Hencklein; Ramos, Glauco Nunes Souto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0134679842280022; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748153359107214
Inside schools, it is possible to observe an increasing number of cell phones and technological devices in the hands of students, which a few years ago was seen as something negative. However, currently, it is understood that it is necessary to adapt national and regional and teachers to introduce such tools in the teaching and learning process, supported by changes in the Common Curricular Base (BNCC) of 2017, where games are discussed. electronics in Physical Education. Taking this “new” content as a starting point, presented for the 6th and 7th grades of elementary school, final years, the aim of this research is to analyze how Physical Education teachers in elementary school, from public schools in São Carlos, in the countryside from the state of São Paulo, work or envisage working with electronic games in their classes, what are their previous knowledge and experiences on the subject, in addition to their perspectives on being present at the BNCC. Data were collected through a mixed questionnaire, with open and closed questions, electronically (google forms). The collected data were analyzed and organized into four different categories, namely: (1) Perception about electronic games, where it is discussed what the subjects understand by “electronic games”; (2) View of the students – according to the teachers – about electronic games, which seeks to understand the perception of teachers about the relationship between their students and electronic games; (3) Electronic games in the school environment, dealing with their use for pedagogical purposes in the classroom; (4) Training of teachers regarding electronic games and pedagogical possibilities, exploring the knowledge and confidence that subjects have to use electronic games as a learning tool in their classes. The results point to teachers' difficulties in proposing content outside the materials made available by the state, linked to lack of knowledge about the topic, especially its pedagogical potential. Based on the teachers' responses and going beyond the curriculum proposed by the state, we suggest elements for a possible didactic unit that addresses the history of electronic games up to contemporary e-sports so that, with the help of students, an experience of these games can be carried out in school environment.
ThermalEdge: Uma solução em hardware para o reconhecimento de embriaguez em tempo real a partir de imagens térmicas utilizando edge computing
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) SIlva, Públio Elon Correa da; Nogueira, Samuel Lourenço; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2287847504423307; Felipussi, Siovani Cintra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2119337662024862; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6223628081942814
Alcohol consumption has presented problems for road safety, traffic enforcement can benefit from the development of methods for classifying the individual's status. In this way, recent advances in thermography associated with the advent of 5G, resulted in new opportunities for study, such as computing at the performed at the edge of the network and the use of deep neural network algorithms in microcomputers. The objective of this master's project is the development of a framework that allows the classification of thermal images, for the labeling of the individual's state in real-time, captured by a thermal camera coupled to a cellular device that sends the images to a server at the edge of the network that has a convolutional neural network model trained to recognize the individual's state from thermal images. In addition, for detecting drunkenness, hardware accelerators are used in embedded devices. In addition, an application for mobile devices was developed to allow the sending of images in real-time for classification, using the UDP protocol. Because of this, for the proposed framework to recognize the drunken state, a convolutional neural network model was trained using transfer learning to abstract characteristics related to drunkenness. The model trained for the Edge TPU obtained the best accuracy in the classification of inebriation, which was 94.33% in the test set.
Um estudo de caso da rede de atenção psicossocial de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Wolff, Laura Chiaramonti; Fioroni, Luciana Nogueira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086810053892035; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8940146108137684
The Psychiatric Reform in Brazil conquers for mental health care the implementation of a psychosocial care model, to the detriment of the asylum model, through public mental health policies and the consolidation of the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS). However, despite the regulations, the replacement of models is not immediate and the full reproduction of psychosocial practices is not yet a reality. Therefore, the present study was proposed under a qualitative approach, of an empirical and theoretical character, with the objective of investigating and understanding the constituent elements of the Municipal Mental Health Policy of São Carlos and how it guides the work in the local network. To this end, the production of data took place through remote interviews with 7 managers of the local health system and document analysis of ordinance nº3.088/2011. The interviews underwent a thematic content analysis, just as the document underwent its thematic content analysis. Subsequently, the results of the analyzes were articulated in the discussion. As main results, the thematic analysis of the interviews generated 2 categories of meaning: i) the mental health policy in the macro context, in which the constitutive elements of the municipal mental health policy were identified through the gaps in the organizational and functional proposal of the policy; ii) the mental health policy in the micro context, in which managers' understanding of the local RAPS was identified. The thematic analysis of the ordinance generated just one category: psychosocial care model, in which the main aspects of the national mental health policy were apprehended. Articulating the analyses, it is concluded that there is a gap between the Mental Health policy of the municipality of São Carlos and Ordinance nº 3.088/2011, especially in the composition of services, articulation between services and sectors, effective matrix support and health care mental health in primary care (all elements provided for in Ordinance number. 3088/2011). In addition, it is also concluded that the managers' understanding of the municipality's mental health policy focused on the absence of a document such as an ordinance or a technical note that formalized a flow of referrals.
A formulação de Eisenhart para teorias de campos escalares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Pigozzi, Gabriel Cardoso; Ramos-Caro, Javier Fernando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2067343302764973
In the present work, we discuss the Eisenhart lift, introduced by L. P. Eisenhart in 1928, when dealing with analytical mechanics. The core idea behind the lift is to look at a lagrangian mechanical or field system that is initially a “minimally-coupled” system with a corresponding interaction term, and look for equivalent expressions of it, in which the new fields are all “free”. We make an exposition of the works by Eisenhart, K. Finn, S. Karamitsos e A. Plaftsis on the subject, and we also introduce a new viewpoint on the mathematical structure of said lifts, allowing for more fexibile choices of the new field spaces. We also obtain a general differential equation for the problem, which we hope to yield proper harmonic solutions for fields, as they weren’t possible in the previous approaches.
A formação de professores de línguas estrangeiras para o contexto bi/plurilíngue (surdo e ouvinte): um diálogo entre o previsto, o praticado e a perspectiva translíngue
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Spasiani, Monique Vanzo; Silva, Vera Lucia Teixeira da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4421134009136228; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1303220684033694
Despite the increasing recognition on the topics of diversity and on the demands of contemporaneity, the teaching and learning process of a Foreign Language (FL) for bi/plurilingual students (deaf and hearing students) in Brazil still presents problems, especially regarding the lack of certified professionals to work with such audience (MICHELI, 2020; SANTO, 2019; SPASIANI, 2018), even though the The National Curriculum Guidelines for Teacher Training Courses points that diversity issues, current educational and/or social needs, and an emancipatory and non-discriminatory education must be addressed in the teacher training courses. Thus, through this multiple case study (YIN, 2005) with a qualitative-interpretative paradigm, we investigated how Brazilian higher education, in the Bachelor’s Degree in English Language and Literature teacher training courses, is dealing with the country's new educational challenges, especially regarding the formation of the FL teacher for bi/plurilingual teaching, whether for hearing or deaf students. Next, the objective was to evaluate which mechanisms, in the light of the Translingual Perspective (GARCÍA and YIP, 2015; GARCÍA and LI WEI, 2014), could be implemented in FL teacher training courses, in order to support their actions in these contexts and develop appropriate skills for the profession. For this, we used document analysis, the experience report of this researcher, and questionnaires combined with interviews with language teacher trainers, trained teachers and also in-training teachers. The analysis of the data suggested that Brazilian public universities are still beginners when it comes to the training of language teachers of bi/multilingual students, whether for hearing or deaf students, and that the Translingual Perspective (GARCÍA and YIP, 2015; GARCÍA and LI WEI, 2014) and Almeida Filho's (1993) model of Language Teachers Competencies can guide and positively add to this still deficient scenario. Furthermore, it is understood that these discussions can contribute to the training of bi/multilingual teachers in the country, guiding the performance of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) according to the needs and paradigms of contemporary times.
Promessa é dívida: Efeitos da inconsistência de informantes na confiança seletiva de crianças pré-escolares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Melnicky, Laura Cunha; Souza, Débora de Hollanda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3640676759708745; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0815754876895591
Recent studies investigated the development of selective trust or the ability to discriminate good and bad informants in new learning situations. One question, however, remains little explored: can these judgements be also influenced by a history of broken promises and by the reasons that led to the promises being broken? The goal of the present study was to search for an answer to this question. A second goal was to test a possible correlation between selective trust and theory of mind. Forty-eight children were recruited, and four of them participated in a pilot study. Data analysis was conducted, therefore, with 44 children aged 5 (Mage= 5 yrs e 10 mos, DP = 3,7 mos) e 6 anos (Mage= 6 yrs e 8 mos, DP = 3.5 mos). Children were assessed by a selective trust task and the Morally Relevant Theory of Mind task (MoToM). Participants were randomly distributed into three conditions that differ in relation to the situation presented in the selective trust task. In the first condition (C1), one of the characters always promised something to a friend but broke the promise without a plausible motive; a second character likewise did not keep his promises, but he had plausible reasons for doing so. In the second condition (C2), one character made promises and fulfilled them; and another character did not keep his promises but had plausible reasons for breaking them. In a third condition (C3), a character who fulfilled promises is contrasted with a character who broke his promises without a plausible explanation. During a test phase, children were asked to choose one of the characters as a source of information in new learning situations. No gender or age effects were found. Data analysis showed that participants’ performance in the selective trust task was not different from chance. Additionally, no signicant differences were found between the three conditions. No clear preference for the character who fulfills his promises was found and neither for the one who breaks promises for justifiable reasons. Future studies should test this procedure with older children as well as use tests in different domains, not only the game situation used in the present work.
Resolução de problemas como ferramenta para o letramento matemático no Ensino Fundamental II
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Nóbrega, Aline Lanzotti de Morais; Presoto, Adilson Eduardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6788916708841254; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9951899744837366
This work aims at presenting the problem-solving methodology as a tool to improve mathematical literacy of 8th grade middle school students. Polya’s four-step problem- solving process is a widely known method for solving mathematical problems, which develops the student’s autonomy and their reading performance of mathematical problems. It enhances their mathematical reasoning and understanding at different levels of difficulty. It also gives them skills to deal with context-based problems from real life. Education in the digital era increasingly requires a strong foundation in mathematics. Evidence from proficiency data of 2021 in mathematics for the state of São Paulo and the whole country shows a steep decline due to the impact of the Covid pandemic, reverting the gradual improvements of the last decade. The difficult situation of education today needs to be studied and understood to get to target the most efficient pedagogical interventions. A comparative study between two different methodologies was carried out at a middle school math class treating percentages. In the former, a more traditional problem solving method was employed, while the second applied Polya’s four-step problem-solving method to a student’s real life situation. A questionnaire at the end of the study revealed positive and negative aspects. On the one hand the Polya’s method led to more motivated, meaningful learning and to the reflection on knowledge, where on the other hand the difficulty of engaging the students with a non-conventional method was mentioned.
Importância dos fragmentos de vegetação nativa para a manutenção do serviço de polinização no cultivo de soja
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Costa, Rayssa Duarte; Cunha, Nicolay Leme da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5916316648872099; Agostini, Kayna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5894768661755535; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8012917545524872
The biotic pollination service is important for agriculture as it can provide an increase in quality, such as shape, flavor, durability, nutritional value and the number of fruits and seeds. Brazil stands out as the world's largest producer of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril), which, with the presence of pollinators, especially bees, can increase its production. In this work, we verified that biotic pollination helps in soybean production, in quantitative terms. To assess how much soybean productivity is dependent on pollinators, we applied, during flowering, two biotic pollination treatments in three crop areas with few differences between them (similar in surrounding vegetation cover, crop size, cultural practices/agronomic management, use of pesticides and fertilizers): treatment with the exclusion of biotic pollinators and control treatment, without the exclusion of pollinators, in the city of Leme, SP. The treatments were positioned at 50 m and 150 m from the edge of the forest fragment, and in duplicate. Transects were traced and were aided by pan traps to inventory the species of floral visitors present at the site. Biotic pollination increases the number and weight of seeds. Individuals in the control treatments showed higher productivity than the pollinator exclusion treatments. The distance of treatments in relation to the forest fragment did not present a significant difference for soybean productivity. Thus, we conclude that even though soybean is a predominantly autogamous species, productivity can be increased if the flowers were pollinated by biotic vectors.
Estudos sobre a produção de nanofibras de PVA via electrospinning e sua aplicação em filtração de nanoaerossóis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Oliveira, Alessandro Estarque de; Aguiar, Mônica Lopes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529; Béttega, Vádila Giovana Guerra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2654712372684137; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2654712372684137
Poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers for air filtration were produced by electrospinning using citric acid and different concentrations of Triton X-100 surfactant. Filtration tests with nanoparticles (5.94–224.7 nm) and tests of resistance to humid air streams were performed. It was found that there was an optimum concentration of surfactant (0.25% wt.) that provided the highest quality factors for nanofiltration. The median fiber size, filter porosity, thickness of the filter medium, and the Darcyan permeability constant were strongly dependent on the concentration of Triton X-100 in the polymer solution. The filters were resistant to humidity, with a maximum 4.1% change of the pressure drop after 60 min exposure to an air stream at ~15 cm/s with 90% R.H. In this work, theoretical studies were also carried out: theoretical expressions of viscous flow of gas relative to fibers were applied for the evaluation of the enhanced efficiency of a micro-fibrous filter medium after coating it with electrospun nanofibers. An extended form of the Kuwabara hydrodynamic factor was used to cover the particle size range considered (5.94–224.7 nm). A Boltzmann particle charge distribution (as applied in the experiments) was assumed and the effects of the main particle deposition mechanisms were considered. The absolute errors in the efficiency were ±5% for particles in the size range 50-200 nm, which confirmed the better fits obtained with the assumptions adopted in this work. The collection efficiency was greatly enhanced by the addition of nanofibers (increasing from 6.39 to 94.2% for 200 nm NaCl particles), due to predominance of the diffusional mechanism and interception due to diffusion for particles with sizes up to 150 nm, while interception of particles flowing with the air streamlines was most important for larger particles. Also, theoretical and semi-empirical models of air permeability of packed beds and fibrous beds were used in order to obtain the porosity of micro-fibrous and nano-fibrous mats. Porosity values using Davies’ correlation provided the best accuracy for experimental data of collection efficiency of >100 nm NaCl particles. The models were also used to compare the porosities obtained according to this technique with the porosities obtained from the grammage, providing accordance between the results (deviation up to 0.07% for 94 nm fibers using Davies’ equation and the lowest deviation of -0.02% using Pich’s model when 15 μm fibers were evaluated). Design of an HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) system was also performed, allowing the application of the produced PVA nanofibers in the retention of viral particulate emitted in a room and PM2.5 coming from the outside. It was verified that the most economical configuration achieved after 167 minutes the concentration below the threshold value recommended by the World Health Organization.
Formação de professores indígenas de Pankararu e a implicação da disciplina de Libras para a compreensão do trabalho do tradutor intérprete e a educação de surdos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-30) Melo, Vitória Manoela de Oliveira; Campos, Mariana de Lima Isaac Leandro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9292606169704319; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3555247904018847
This study aims to problematize and discuss the training of indigenous teachers of the Pankararu people who live in the countryside of Pernambuco, before and after having contact with the discipline of Libras in their academic training in undergraduate courses. It also seeks to identify whether the knowledge acquired in the discipline of Libras helped or not in understanding the role of the professional Libras Translator and Interpreter; identifying the aspects related to the teaching of Libras in the academic training of teachers of the Pankararu ethnic group and how the relationship between teaching and the work of the Libras Translator and Interpreter has been built. This work is qualitative and exploratory in nature, and the methodological strategy of the study is field research using a semi-structured questionnaire and a cell phone as instruments. The subjects of the research are two indigenous teachers living in the interior of Pernambuco, from an indigenous community of the Pankararu people, with academic degrees in undergraduate courses and who had compulsory courses in Libras. Deaf Studies was the theoretical support for data analysis and discussion. This research identifies information pertinent to the knowledge of indigenous teachers about deaf education, teaching, and the Translator-Interpreter of Indigenous Libras and thus fill the gap concerning the work focused on indigenous contexts of deaf education.