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Serviços ecossistêmicos oferecidos por espaços verdes públicos e suas contribuições para a agenda 2030: subprefeitura da Mooca, SP, São Paulo, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-02) Santos, Silvia Rosana dos; Nascimento, Ana Paula Branco do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1522795968175184; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4858901339886457
Urban green spaces are places that contribute to the achievement of goals of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the UN 2030 Agenda. These spaces are environments that can increase the supply of Ecosystemic Services (ES), which are essential to promote human well-being and a healthy terrestrial environment. The objective of this work was to evaluate the ESs offered by two (2) public green spaces located in the District Council of Mooca, East Zone of São Paulo’s city: the Alfredo Di Cunto Square, also known as Coletivo Horta das Flores and Visconde de Souza Fontes Square. The choice of these two squares is due to a low Index of Green Areas per inhabitant (2 to 5 m²/inhabitant) in Mooca District. To evaluate the ES provided by this green area, it was used the methodology proposed by Gaudereto et al. (2019), named Index of Ecosystemic Services for Green Areas (ISEAV). Among the results, the SE of regulation stands out, represented by the green cover, permeable area, canopy and burlap; which contributes to achieve the goals of SDG 6, SDG 13 and SDG 15. The supporting SE represented by vegetation covering, plant habits, species richness and its origin, native or exotic, contributes to the achievement of the SDG 15 and the SE of provision (SDG 2), since that, in the area, there is a vegetable garden with food plants, including non-conventional ones. The two green areas studied, Alfredo Di Cunto Square, also called Coletivo Horta das Flores and Visconde de Souza Fontes Square, contribute to the offer of many ESs that favor life quality for visitors, as well as to a more sustainable city and community (SDG 11) as it is a safe and inclusive green space.
Desafios escolares na compreensão dos diretores brasileiros: evidências da relação com o saber
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-02) Souza, Aline Cristina de; Luiz, Maria Cecília; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7425361719028650; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8368350078239701
Throughout the social transformations, the school has been modifying the different sectors that compose it, such as, for example, the applicability of school management, directing it towards collective participation through democratic management. However, it is known that many challenges were and still are within the school. Given this, the present study aimed to analyze what school directors identify as the main challenges of the school and their solutions, according to the Relationship with Knowledge (RcS). To this end, exploratory qualitative research was delimited, which included the application of an open questionnaire directed to the entire national territory, thus covering all school principals. The instrument had two open questions - the first turned to the challenges experienced by school directors and the respective solutions found by them to remedy the problems experienced, and finally, the second question referred to the school challenge in terms of quality of teaching. The questions were addressed to 150,000 schools belonging to the five Brazilian regions, of which 1,372 were returned, which constituted the central sample of this study. However, only complete responses were selected for the research analyses, which is equivalent to 1313 responses. From this, the data treatment was carried out, subdivided into two main stages of analysis. The first was based on the use of the Iramuteq software, which presents quantitative data regarding the cloud and class of words, informing the frequency of its use, grouping them and, thus promoting approximation percentages. This resource was used seeking to refine the reading of the answers for the content analysis, which complements the first stage of analysis, through which three main categories were created that guide the entire study and, consequently, help to understand the Relation of Knowledge of school principals. The categories are: Knowledge – relational or the absence of relationships with families; knowledge – practical in dealing with the physical structure or infrastructure of the school, and knowledge – practical or the absence of student learning. From these, the theory of Relation with Knowledge (RcS) was used in order to understand the relational, practical and objective knowledge of school principals. In a concise data analysis, knowledge was obtained about the main common challenges of schools presented by the five Brazilian regions, namely: family participation, infrastructure and learning and learning difficulties. While the challenges that differ occur due to the particularities of each region, such as transport, human resources, materials, physical structure, etc. It was also possible to observe that despite the territorial extension of Brazil, school challenges and their solutions are recurrent in the five regions, which demonstrates a problem in the education system that tends to be unique for a country with continental extension. In addition, it is considered that the challenges observed as different demonstrate that the particularities of the schools are buried by the most latent difficulties, in this case, those common to all schools. With regard to the challenges facing schools regarding the quality of teaching and learning, it was observed that they run into structural and social issues that precede them, since minimum standards do not promote teaching with excellence.
“Mas eu não sou um agressor”!: uma análise das expressões de masculinidades e violências no grupo de reflexão CERAV - Sorocaba - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-02) Demarchi, Franciele Regina; Silva, Vanda Aparecida da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9920701759600807; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7209430954901760
The present work aims to analyze the production and the performance of masculinities of male perpetrators of domestic violence against women. Based on the participant observation technique and on semi-structured interviews, this research explored some meetings of groups of man those who think over violence against women of an institution in the city of Sorocaba, state of São Paulo, based on the Specialized Center for Rehabilitation of the Author in Domestic Violence (CERAV). We carried out a bibliographic review based on theoretical references from Gender Studies, such as “hegemonic masculinities” and “domestic violence” and from Critical and Feminist Criminology, in rejection of the legalistic and punitive models of imprisonment, as a mean of validating and qualifying the materials collected in this investigation. Lastly, we seek to understand the new forms of conflict resolution of the social standard from dialectical efforts of conciliation in social life.
Poesia política violência: uma constelação ao redor de Roberto Piva (ou, Uma educação pelo inferno)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-02) Cavelagna, Rodrigo; Martha, Diana Junkes Bueno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1857520068239671; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-8030; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3526232055819052; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0639-2995
This research is constituted in three stages, in chapters. In the first, I propose an image space, in the understanding that certain poems and images articulate, inextricably, a reflection between "Poetry, Politics and Violence". To compose this approach, I explore the critical metaphor of the constellation in Walter Benjamin’s work and in contemporary criticism. I demonstrate the development of his method in the primary bibliography, especially for the understanding of the effects of the work of art and the technological transformations of the early twentieth century, in the face of the rise of historical fascism and its appropriation of technique. In comparison with Octavio Paz, I approach the method of Poetry and Philosophy, to highlight the reflexivity proper to poetic making. The second chapter is an analysis of Paranoia, by Roberto Piva (2009). The poem as a constellation allows for a reading of the “Pivian” poetics, in fragments. It demonstrates the relations between Dante and "shamanism" in Piva's first poem - in an evisceration. At the end, I propose “an education through hell”: a productive metaphor of the poetic experience of History - in a reading centered on Roberto Piva, but that goes through Álvares de Azevedo, Mário de Andrade, Cacaso, Racionais MC's and Guilherme Gontijo Flores. Keywords: Brazilian
Efeito da fertirrigação com vinhaça no desenvolvimento inicial da cana-de-açúcar, na condutividade e teor de potássio no solo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-02) Lance, Leandro Renato Giunzioni; Bufon, Vinicius Bof; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9426127327587087; Stolf, Rubismar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2436951279203355; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0626718556513524
Using vinasse as a source of potassium for sugarcane is important to save the use of fertilizers and an appropriate destination for that residue of sugarcane production. Despite this, its use in periods of low potassium extraction can compromise the initial development of the crop due to the increase in soil salinity. Potassium leaching can also occur, contaminating the soil and groundwater. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of localized vinasse application on the initial development of sugarcane, soil salinity, and potassium leaching. An experiment was conducted in two areas with different soil textures, the first at Santa Rita Farm (SR), Pirassununga - SP, on sandy soil, and the second one at Batatais Farm (BT), Batatais - SP, on clayey soil. The experiment was carried out in different periods for each area, looking for extreme soil water availability for the crop. In SR, the field trial was carried out in a period of low rainfall; in BT, in a period of high rainfall. We measured soil and plant parameters to analyze the results: for the soil, electrical conductivity (0-40 cm), and potassium content (0-40 cm and 75-85 cm); for the crop's early development, the number of tillers and the fresh matter weight. Soil samples were collected in three different periods, depending on the date of application of the treatments (1 day before, 1 day after, and 30 days after), namely: (i) localized application of vinasse (Vlocal); (2) application of vinasse in the total area (Vtotal); (3) application of localized water (W); and (3) control (T). To evaluate the potassium leaching, samples were collected in the soil layer of 75-85 cm, 75 days after the application of the treatments. In the SR, there was an increase in electrical conductivity and potassium content in the layers 0 to 40 cm, and this increase was maintained after 30 days of application of the treatments. In this area, there was a reduction in the amount of tiller and green mass in the Vlocal. In BT, there was an increase in salinity in layer 0 to 40 cm one day after the application of the treatments, but after 30 days, the salinity no longer showed any difference in layer 0 to 20 cm. In this area, no significant difference was observed in the initial development of sugarcane in any treatment. There was no leaching of potassium to the layer 75 to 85 cm in any treatment of the two areas. It is concluded that the localized application of vinasse can increase the salinity in the soil layer, where the root system of the sugarcane develops in its initial development. This increase in salinity for a period longer than 30 days was enough to reduce the initial development of the crop. The non-application of potassium did not affect the initial development of sugarcane in any of the areas. The localized application of vinasse in the evaluated environments did not present a risk of leaching, but further studies are recommended in sites with sandy-textured soil and high rainfall.
Análise comparativa de técnicas de aplicação da terapia conjugada de laser e ultrassom, como recurso antiálgico, nas pequenas articulações das mãos na artrite reumatóide
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-02) Zampiéri, Kely Regina; Aquino Junior, Antonio Eduardo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8720193315570177; Bagnato, Vanderlei Salvador; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4947860249518663; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3281507313034660
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune, chronic, systemic inflammatory disease that mainly affects the synovial tissue of the proximal interphalangeal joints and may affect the distal interphalangeal joints in both hands. Joint pain is the most common clinical symptom that causes impairments in the practice of daily and work activities, leading to psychological distress, negatively impacting quality of life. Drugs are administered to control joint synovitis, but the partial effectiveness and side effects lead to the suspension of their use. Therefore, non-pharmacological therapies can contribute to the control or remission of joint inflammation, reducing pain without side effects. The objective of the research was to analyze different and comparative methods, using the combined therapy of ultrasound and laser, aiming to minimize the pain caused by rheumatoid arthritis in the hands. Forty female volunteers who were diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and had pain in the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints were selected for the study. Pre- and post-intervention pain was assessed by using the McGill Pain Questionnaire and digital algometer. For the treatment, an equipment commercially called RECOVER® and RECUPERO® which combines Ultrasound and Laser was used and a metallic vat. The volunteers were divided into four treatment groups: Laser Group, Ultrasound Group, Combined Ultrasound and Laser Group without and with the use of the vat. In the four groups, the following ultrasound parameters were used: Frequency 1 MHz, Intensity 0.5 W/cm², pulsed mode 100Hz (50%,) Power 1.30 W and Time of 3 minutes per point and the following Laser parameters: continuous laser with Energy density of 33.3 J/cm², power 100 mW, Wavelength 808 nm and 660nm and Time 3 minutes per point. There were 8 applications, twice a week. At the end of 4 weeks, the combined treatment with a vat showed, through the pain index, a percentage higher (49.7%) than the Laser treatments (36.8%), Ultrasound (5.09%) and the combined treatment without a vat. (36.2%) for the reduction of joint pain in rheumatoid arthritis. The mean evolution of the pain threshold before and after treatment with the ultrasound, laser, conjugated and conjugated vat resources were significant, varying within the normal range p<0.05 for all resources in the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of both hands. However, in percentage terms, the combined resource with a bowl showed superior results (53.35%) compared to ultrasound (11.86%), laser (26.19%) and combined (44.43%) in the proximal interphalangeal joints of the right hand. , the same occurred in the distal interphalangeal joints of the same hand, whose combined resource with a bowl showed a higher percentage improvement (54.70%) than ultrasound (7.36%), laser (26.75%) and conjugated (47.10%). In relation to the left hand, in percentage terms, the resource combined with a bowl showed superior results (44.39%) in relation to ultrasound (6.82%), laser (24.64%) and combined (45.52%) in the joints interphalangeal joints, the same was verified in the distal interphalangeal joints of the same hand, whose combined resource with a bowl showed a higher percentage improvement (49.67%) than ultrasound (0.50%), laser (25.20%) and conjugated (53.33%). The conjugated therapy applied with the vat for the treatment of small joints of the hands, provides a new non-pharmacological and non-invasive treatment approach that contributes to a better quality of life for patients with this chronic inflammatory joint disease .
Caracterização fisiológica e avaliação do transcriptoma de linhagens de Saccharomyces cerevisiae termotolerantes isoladas durante a produção industrial de etanol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-02) Prado, Cleiton Dias do; Basso, Thiago Olitta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4283175516490450; Cunha, Anderson Ferreira da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329741640375661; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7312478474540871
The use of thermotolerant yeast strains can improve productivity in the ethanol production process, allowing fermentation to occur at temperatures above 40°C. This characteristic can benefit, for example, the production of bioethanol and allow simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of starch or lignocellulosic biomass. In addition, a thermotolerant strain can increase ethanol yield levels and also minimize the use of vat cooling systems and consequently reduce water use, contributing to cost reduction and also to the environment. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize the physiology of a new thermotolerant strain (LBGA-01) isolated from the ethanol production process capable of fermenting at 40°C and also to evaluate the transcriptome of this strain during fermentations carried out in chemostats. So that the strain could be characterized from the physiological and molecular point of view, growth experiments were carried out under laboratory conditions, such as growth tests in the presence of glucose (4 and 8%) and also in the presence of inhibitors (sucrose, ethanol, furfural, lactic acid, and acetic acid). The expression of genes involved in fermentation efficiency was analyzed by qPCR. To have a better understanding of yeast physiology, fermentations in chemostats were performed and the metabolites were analyzed by HPLC. Cells originating from the steady state of fermentations in chemostats had their RNA extracted for transcriptome analysis and subsequently, the bioinformatics analyzes were carried out in partnership with CBMEG/UNICAMP. To simulate real conditions of the industrial process, fermentations with cycles (4 cycles) of cells and acid treatment were also carried out at 30 and 40°C using wort (19 brix) as fermentation medium. The results presented in this study show that the LBGA-01 strain has a good cell growth rate at 30 and 40°C and is more resistant to high concentrations of sucrose (30%), furfural (0.9 mM), and ethanol (16 %) than the industrial strain CAT-1. Furthermore, this strain was able to alter the expression pattern of genes involved in sucrose assimilation (SUC2 and AGT1). Genes related to the production of proteins involved in the production of secondary fermentation products were also differentially regulated at 40°C, with reduced expression of genes involved in the formation of glycerol (GPD2), acetate (ALD6 and ALD4), and acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2 (ACS2). Fermentation tests in chemostats showed that LBGA-01 performed excellently at ethanol formation rates at 40°C (11.50 mmol/g/h). Furthermore, when compared to the industrial strains CAT-1 and PE-2, the LBGA-01 strain showed better ethanol yield at 40°C (0.478 g ethanol/g glucose). The transcriptome results showed that the thermotolerant strain LBGA-01 modulates the activation of genes by altering metabolic pathways during fermentation at high temperatures, increasing its resistance to high concentrations of ethanol, sugar, lactic acid, and acetic acid. The results showed that the LBGA-01 strain, when subjected to high temperatures, has a more intensified regulation of genes involved in cell wall integrity (SVS1; MCH5) and in lipid biosynthesis (ROX1; ERG3; ERG5; ERG10 and ERG13). In addition, it was also possible to observe the expression of genes related to fermentative capacity (TOS3) corroborating with previous results analyzed by q-PCR. The results indicate that this new strain isolated from ethanol production, has high robustness in the presence of inhibitors of the ethanol production process (sucrose, ethanol, and furfural), in addition to presenting good levels of ethanol yield and cell growth at the control temperature (30°C) and stress temperature (40°C), with interesting characteristics of gene expression, and also the transcription of genes involved with cell resistance to 40°C during fermentations in chemostats. When subjected to conditions simulating the industrial process, the LBGA-01 strain seems to adapt to the conditions of recycling and acid treatment, producing good levels of ethanol yield based on theory. Therefore, from a technological point of view, the LBGA-01 strain has the potential for scientific and industrial application and can be used to improve ethanol production in Brazil.
Shop floor control in smart factories’ era: paths and maturity model
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-02) Bueno, Adauto Farias; Godinho Filho, Moacir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6136685270563354; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6196055633133159
Scholars and practitioners have conceived Industry 4.0 as a comprehensive set of emerging technologies clustered in smart technological ecosystems into industrial companies. Since Smart Manufacturing is at the core of this concept, Production Planning and Control (PPC) plays a “brain” role in companies because it can lead them toward Smart Factories. This Doctoral Dissertation aims to investigate the relationships between Industry 4.0’ technologies and the manufacturing industry from a Shop Floor Control/Production Planning and Control function perspective. Firstly, we delimit the relationships between Industry 4.0 and the organizational entity of PPC/SFC from an extensive Systematic Literature Review. Second, we proposed a standard framework to develop maturity models into Industry 4.0’ era. Third, we proposed and designed a focus-area and prescriptive Smart Shop Floor Control Maturity Model (S2FC MM) based on five research iterations from Design Science Research - DSR. Our S2FC MM contains five focus areas comprised of 20 key factors covered by 98 capabilities (maturity matrix). S2FC MM is a progression maturity model with five maturity levels entailing the Industry 4.0-concept. S2FC MM was validated and implemented in a steel manufacturing company.
A voz do povo na imprensa paulista: uma análise de discursos sobre a linguagem das classes populares em A Plebe e no Correio Paulistano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-02) Paschoalino, Evandro José; Piovezani Filho, Carlos Félix; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1677609008094603; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8597797740484579
Cette thèse vise à décrire et interpréter les discours sur les pratiques de prise de parole en public des membres des classes populaires, matérialisés dans les déclarations qui ont circulé dans la presse de l’Etat de São Paulo dans les premières décennies du XX e siècle. Considérant les conditions de production de 1917, marquées par une grande effervescence politique et aussi par l'émergence de la grève générale, qui a été un événement très connu, nous cherchons à identifier ce qui a été dit par les énonciateurs de deux journaux de l’Etat de São Paulo sur les performances oratoires populaires et aussi à examiner comment les déclarations à leur sujet ont été formulées.Pour cela, nous nous appuyons sur les postulats de l'Analyse matérialiste du discours, ainsi que sur les apports de l'Histoire des idées linguistiques. Plus précisément, nous nous approprions de leurs postulats, notions et ressources méthodologiques pour répondre à des questions telles que les suivantes: que disent les textes des journaux des champs conservateur et progressiste sur les performances oratoires des membres de la classe ouvrière ? Y a-t-il une distinction ou non entre ce qui se dit des discours publics des travailleurs et ce qui se dit des interventions des dirigeants syndicaux et des intellectuels des mouvements ouvriers ?Comment se formulent ces énoncés qui thématisent les performances oratoires des ouvriers et de leurs représentants ? Quelles sont les mémoires reprises, reformulées et/ou effacées dans la constitution de tels énoncés, lorsqu'il s'agit de formulations issues des véhicules de presse de l’Etat de São Paulo ?Afin de répondre à ces questions et à d'autres du même genre, nous avons analysé des énoncés extraits des journaux CorreioPaulistano et A Plebe, en examinant leurs éditions publiées entre juin et juillet 1917.