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Estudo ecofisiológico e prospecção de cianobactérias: crescimento, fotossíntese e composição bioquímica relacionados ao controle de fatores abióticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-21) Silva, Douglas Henrique Baracho da; Lombardi, Ana Teresa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2777019450586476
The study of phytoplankton has been a growing field of investigation due to the versatility for using these organisms. This investigation focuses on Cyanobacteria, photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms, important under the aspects of ecology and biotechnology. In the biotechnological field, they can be a source of products for the food, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, textile industries, among others. However, a limited number of species are used commercially. This work aimed at studying the physiology and biochemical composition of cyanobacteria, as well as to evaluate the physiological response to abiotic control of cultivation conditions. Initially, we prospected 20 strains, evaluating growth, and biochemical composition (pigments, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids, antioxidant potential, phenolic compounds and polyhydroxyalkanoates), in addition to photosynthesis through chlorophyll fluorescence (quantum yields, photochemical quenching and rapid light curve parameters). Then, we performed biochemical manipulation of the biomass of a specific taxon, selected based on the prospecting results, Nostoc sp. The biochemical manipulation consisted of adding sodium chloride or copper, together with culture exposure to blue, red and green lights. The results showed great versatility of the cyanobacteria Nostoc sp., but also some resilience to variations in the conditions imposed on the cultures. Under ideal growing conditions Leptolyngbya sp. and Nostoc sp. reached higher growth rates (0,71 d-1), but Phormidium sp. and Microcystis sp. higher biomass yield (0,8 g L-1). Pigment composition varied among the studied species. The highest percent of proteins in the biomass were determined in Geitlerinema unigranulatum (60%), of carbohydrates in Microcystis navacekii (30%) and of lipids in Phormidium sp. (20%). Polyhydroxyalkanoate contents were higher (~ 2%) in Aphanocapsa holsatica, Sphaerocavum brasiliense, Microcystis aeruginosa and Nostoc sp. The photosynthetic parameters for the 20 species remained constant throughout the cultivation period. Regarding the manipulation process in Nostoc sp. we observed that sodium chloride and copper acted differently on the biomolecules. Sodium chloride led to increased phycobilins (at least 2x), whereas under copper increased (greater 1.2x) chlorophyll a and carotenoids were obtained. Proteins, carbohydrates and lipids per unit of biomass decreased in both chemical stimuli. Light colors did not influence these parameters but altered the production of phenolic compounds (1.4x) and antioxidant activity (2x). Blue light resulted in higher maximum quantum yields, rETRmax and Ik, but these gains were not reflected in the population growth of Nostoc sp. This study is a contribution to understanding the physiology of Cyanobacteria, as well as a contribution of new strains for biotechnological use.
A química de tintas e revestimentos anti-incrustrantes para a indústria naval
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-21) Moraes, Juliana Rafael de; Silva, Caio Marcio Paranhos da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793686262868668; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2161130677318697
This Final Paper makes a brief review of the main A/F paints and coatings for ships and vessels, the main protection material against marine biofouling that affects world trade as a whole. Different types of A/F paints have been developed and improved over the years, the first protection techniques originated from ancient peoples such as the Phoenicians, using natural oils and resins mixed with antifouling agents. The complexity of the marine environment and the processes that make up biofouling have led to these coatings being improved. Modernly, the protection of vessels started to consist of systems based on synthetic polymeric matrices, such as self-polishing paints with biocides derived from organotin compounds that revolutionized the industry in this segment. However, the concern with the environment brought new challenges to the market, when in 2003 the use of organotin agents, the most used agent in the formulations of paints and A/F coatings, was banned, due to the irreparable environmental damage caused by these compounds. Nowadays, the search for new coating technologies that address different effective protection mechanisms and biocidal agents that are less harmful to the environment are topics of research worldwide
O Infant Motor Profile (IMP) : tradução e propriedades psicométricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-21) Machado, Luiza Ribeiro; Tudella, Eloisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8253301715811780
Introduction: The Infant Motor Profile (IMP) is an instrument for quantitative and qualitative assessment of the gross and fine neuromotor development of infants aged between three and 18 months, or until they acquire independent and mature walking (three months after the gait acquisition). The IMP is quintessential to the scientific and clinical scope, as it considers the Neuronal Group Selection Theory; it is designed according to the biopsychosocial model when evaluating the structures and functions of the infant's body and activities; possesses good psychometric properties; additionally of being a quick and easy application instrument. General aims:To elaborate a scoping review protocol that aims to verify the psychometric properties of the original version of the Infant Motor Profile; in addition to translating it from British English to Brazilian Portuguese. Conclusion: Through manuscript 1 - Psychometric properties of the Infant Motor Profile (IMP): a scope review protocol (accepted for publication in PLOS ONE) was possible to identify several materials published in databases and the gray literature. Therefore, it will be possible to systematically summarize the most relevant information about the IMP and disseminate the knowledge provided by it. While manuscript 2 - Infant Motor Profile (IMP): translation and concurrent validity for Brazilian infants (submitted to JAMA Pediatrics) was prepared with the aim of enabling the IMP access for Brazilian health professionals. The process of successfully translating the IMP into Brazilian Portuguese showed the maintenance of its concurrent validity with the Alberta Infant Motor Scale. In this way, the use of IMP by Brazilian health professionals in childcare becomes viable, optimizing early detection, design, and monitoring of the effectiveness of early physical therapy intervention programs.