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Estudo do perfil metabólico no exercício físico e no envelhecimento: uma abordagem metabolômica integrada à modulação autonômica cardíaca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-10)
Signini, Étore De Favari
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Oliveira, Regina Vincenzi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6609377714413073
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Catai, Aparecida Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5801652590531684
Physical exercise and aging are natural stressors with antagonistic outcomes in the human body. Such outcomes are phenotypically reflected in metabolism, which can be studied through metabolomics. The latter allows the study of oxylipins (lipid metabolites that have important relationships with physical exercise outcomes) and the comprehensive integration of metabolism with other components related to systemic integrity, such as cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), helping to understand the integrated outcomes provided by aging. A better understanding of these stressors through the use of metabolomics and integrative analysis can help in the development of more efficient health promotion strategies for the general population. Thus, Study 1 was a systematic review of the literature and sought to investigate the responses of oxylipins related to the short- and long-term effects of physical exercise through their enzymatic pathways and to provide information about the potential physiological effects. After the search and selection, only 9 studies out of 1,749 documents were included due to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these, seven emphasized short-term effects, while two evaluated long-term effects on the oxylipin profile. In conclusion, several oxylipins with biomodulatory functions mainly related to inflammation, cardiovascular function, and tissue adaptation and regeneration, were mobilized especially as a consequence of the short-term effects of physical exercise, under the influence of the intensity and duration of physical exercise. The long-term effects of physical exercise on the levels of different oxylipins were minimal and related to different functions. Study 2 investigated, in an integrated manner, the timecourse of variables of the human metabolome and variables related to CAM and CRF in aging, in different age groups considering apparently healthy individuals. The individuals aged 20 to 70 years were divided into five age groups (20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, and 60-70 years) and submitted to blood collection, cardiac autonomic evaluation and cardiopulmonary exercise test, for metabolomics, CAM and CRF analysis, respectively. Tukey's post hoc and effect size with the confidence interval were used for all metabolites and significant variables in the one-way ANOVA model, with p<0.01, and principal component analysis (PCA) on the significant variables for the integrated study. Significant changes were observed in the 60-70 age group, where CRF, BCAAs (valine, leucine and isoleucine), 3-hydroxyisobutyrate and CAM were found to be significantly reduced, while hippuric acid was significantly elevated compared to younger groups (especially for the 20-29 and 30-39 age groups). Hippuric acid, CAM and CRF variables, and BCAAs were the main responsible for age group distinction as highlighted in the PCA. In conclusion, the results suggest significant changes in metabolism, CAM, and CRF, after the age of sixty as a consequence of the aging process, however, with some changes in the metabolic profile that may be favorable in mitigating the deleterious effects of aging. This thesis showed the complexity of the interrelation between metabolism and some systems of the body in an integrated manner in the context of natural stressors of the body such as physical exercise and aging. Such information is important considering the necessity for a less fragmented understanding of human physiology.
Sequência de experimentos (aplicados remotamente) de eletricidade e magnetismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-10)
Santos, Suzana Aguera de Mello e Albuquerque
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Maria, Marco Aurélio Euflauzino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2603711351440791
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3368931589397231
Experimentation contributes significantly as an important tool in the teaching of Physics by making it more meaningful, attractive, and pleasant for students. In order to ensure that experimentation acts in favors the learning process, it is necessary for the teacher to know the modalities of the experimental activities, the teaching and the student function, the space, time, class, posture during the experimentation, the skills they want students to develop, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each modality. Given this context, the work presented here sought to investigate a new contribution to the teaching and learning of Physics topics studied in high school, approaching experimental strategies applied remotely. This work aimed to propose a sequence composed of three experimental activities demonstrative, verification, and investigation (involving themes of electricity and magnetism), applied in three remote meetings for high school students from the private education system in the city of São José dos Campos, considering Ausubel's theory of meaningful learning as a reference. Through the experimental activities, it was noticed an effective participation and reflection of the themes treated by the students, who took advantage of the fact of being remote to closely observe the experiments, participate assiduously through the chat comments the experiments and asking questions, developing autonomy and creativity when carrying out the tasks. Evidence of significant learning was obtained using the three experimentation approaches remotely, as well as greater student involvement in the proposed activities.
Desemprego e juventude: percepções dos jovens em um contexto neoliberal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-11)
Ferreira, Gabriel Ulbricht
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Pires, Aline Suelen
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8860270341724853
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6008086120381681
The increasing flexibility of labor relations, supported by the process of productive restructuring, led to an increase in job insecurity and unemployment, especially among younger people, a situation aggravated by the advent of neoliberalism as a dominant political and economic project. In addition, there is, in the current context, an ideological process, supported by neoliberal logic, which aims to justify and naturalize, through specific discourses and practices, a scenario of generalized uncertainties and insecurities, in which the subject himself is pointed out as the main responsible for his condition of unemployment. In this sense, this research sought to understand, based on a qualitative analysis, how the perceptions of unemployed young people about their condition (of unemployment) are articulated with current neoliberal discourses and practices, taking into account the experiences and references of these young workers, and observing how this condition impacts their subjectivity, their health and other spheres of their sociability. Thus, a case study was carried out from the Casa do Trabalhador in the municipality of São Carlos-SP, an institution that offers professional relocation services, including labor intermediation. The research was mainly conducted through interviews guided by a semi-structured script, in which it was possible to capture testimonials from twenty-two young unemployed people with the aim of understanding and relating them to the reality of the contemporary world of work, marked by in short, by precariousness and unemployment.
Clima urbano em cidades pequenas e médias: uma breve revisão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-12)
Oliveira, Jefferson de Jesus
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Silva, Edelci Nunes da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7229161630393268
Understanding how the expansion of urban areas has affected temperatures in cities is a daunting task for scholars in the field. Many studies have focused on understanding the impacts on large urban centers, but in Brazil, small and medium-sized cities have been the subject of more recent studies. The urban heat island is a consequence of anthropogenic processes on the urban surface, which can be exacerbated by the lack of planning and management that considers environmental aspects and environmental quality in urban areas. This study is the result of an analysis of research related to urban climate and the heat island, conducted through a brief review. Two keywords were used: "Heat island" and "Urban climate" within the Google Scholar research platform, covering the period from 2000 to 2019. Only geographical studies on small and medium-sized cities conducted in institutions throughout Brazil were selected for analysis. Therefore, the aim of this work is to shed light on, systematize, and analyze Brazilian scientific production on the topic of Urban Climate and Heat Island, through articles, dissertations, and theses. It was possible to identify 90 studies carried out in 106 cities, which are distributed as follows: 61 articles, 6 undergraduate theses, 14 master's theses, and 9 doctoral theses. It is considered that the number of studies presented is small, considering a 20-year time frame and the territorial dimension of Brazil. However, in recent years, there has been a significant increase in this thematic area in the field of geography. It can be asserted that climate studies have sought to understand the effects of urbanization on small and medium-sized cities and contribute to policies for improving urban environmental quality.
O mundo equilibrado pelos demônios e pela ciência além dela
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-12)
Andrade, Matheus Martin de
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Avó, Lucimar Retto da Silva de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5353180921178881
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7282-420X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1362232475824902
Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns have arisen about aerosol-generating procedures and the transmission of the virus to healthcare professionals during these practices. Several airway management procedures fit into this classification, however, they are primary for the care of critical patients, with no possibility of suspension or postponement when facing a respiratory virus pandemic. In this context, several technologies have been proposed to reduce the risk of contagion in hospital and out-of-hospital health services. Objectives: This systematic review sought to analyze the safety of healthcare professionals during advanced airway management procedures, comparing emerging technologies with traditional techniques. A detailed analysis of existing literature was carried out, evaluating the impacts of technologies on the spread of respiratory pathogens. Materials and methods: This study followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), covering searches in Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases in English, Portuguese and Spanish. Three studies were included after an initial search of 1696 articles. Results included epidemiological studies, retrospective studies, and clinical trials. Results: It was identified that many proposals for new techniques were not tested on real patients or lacked control groups for comparison. This review revealed technical challenges in directly measuring the reduction in the risk of healthcare professionals contracting COVID-19 during intubation procedures. Literature presented inconsistencies regarding the increased risk associated with intubation, especially when adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) is used. As for the selected articles, all presented a high risk of bias, in addition to no technique having simultaneously discussed its effectiveness and safety. Discussion: The methodological limitations of the selected studies are highlighted, pointing to the urgency of the pandemic as a factor that compromised the quality of scientific evidence. The abundance of studies proposing new techniques without rigorous testing raises doubts about their clinical usefulness. Conclusion: The pandemic boosted scientific production related to safety in airway management, without, however, being accompanied by a critical view of the quality of what should be published.
Nova classe de modelos paramétricos para análise de sistemas reparáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-13)
Lopes, Tito Lívio da Cunha
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Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4172467105481754
The Arithimetic Reduction of Age (ARA) model class from Doyen e Gaudoin (2004) has been widely used in the analysis of repairable systems, whose repair effect is expressed by an arithmetic age reduction. However, the class presupposes a state of degradation of the system, this condition implies β > 1 in the Power Law Process (PLP). However, there are cases in which the system improves (PLP with β < 1) up to a certain time. Its intensity after repairs remains parallel to the initial intensity, consequently, it fails to capture other forms of failure intensity. Given these limitations, we propose the modified ARA1 model (ARAM1), which makes it possible to model systems in the process of renovation or degradation, and we also propose a new generalized PLP process (PLPG), based on change points. From the PLPG it is possible to derive the main models with change points and with imperfect repair. New models are proposed from the PLPG, which we call completely imperfect repairs (RCI) and partially imperfect repairs (RPI(p)). Another advantage of this approach is that it allows the intensity after repairs not to remain parallel to the initial intensity, expanding its applications in the real world. Finally, we propose a new PLP reparameterization with time truncation to incorporate it into new models and thus obtain a better interpretation of its parameters. The estimators of the proposed model were obtained using the maximum likelihood method. We evaluated the performance of the parameter estimators through Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. For illustration purposes we consider actual failure times in applications. The proposed models indicated superiority to other models in the literature, which illustrates the importance of the new approaches.
Autocuidado e espiritualidade na graduação em Medicina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-13)
Nakagava, Gabriel Yuji Sadakane
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Adler, Ubiratan Cardinalli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7366046180927920
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3236-8347
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705355336584490
This work deals with my medical formation in narrative form. Encompass all the main events that marked my life and graduation. It intends to reflect, from my perspective, the importance of developing self-care and spirituality on my path. In addition, it contains reflections about the Federal University of São Carlos and some health institutions I had the opportunity to intern. Finally, the meditation about my trajectory allowed me to understand my personal and professional maturation with more extensive clarity.
Acesso à justiça a partir da análise do ambiente virtual brasileiro: uma perspectiva interdisciplinar CTS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-13)
Nascimento Junior, Vanderlei de Freitas
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Costa, Luzia Sigoli Fernandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8110248272001369
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9600073227976325
Based on innumerable scientific advances witnessed by mankind in the last decades, especially after the creation of computers and the Internet itself, it is a fact that the area of social communication has significantly changed the lives of humans and other living beings. The barriers of time and space have been broken down, and virtual interactions between different types of people, whether individuals or companies, have intensified even more. Old habits of the Brazilian democratic society have been changed. But how to guarantee the good use of the internet by its respective users? What is the reality of the Brazilian virtual environment? Questions like this are capable and necessary to make human beings look at themselves and re-signify their own lives, as inhabitants and members of an international community. New conflicts have arisen, new forms of social interaction have been created or consolidated, and new forms of exclusion have emerged in today’s society. Facing this new social reality, both the law and other scientific areas related to applied social sciences have felt the need for an interdisciplinary re-reading of the Access to Justice principle, in order to bring it closer to the idea of Political Justice. In this sense, it should be clarified that the objective of this work is to analyze social interactions and the means of guaranteeing Justice (Politics) in the Brazilian virtual environment, from the interdisciplinary perspective of the field of Science, Technology and Society (STS). Some theoretical mentions were made on Scientific Interdisciplinarity, Democracy, Citizenship, Access to Justice and Virtualization of Social Interactions. Such topics were analyzed under the viewpoint and interdisciplinary perspective of the Science, Technology and Society (STS) field, thus allowing the observation of the intersection between several sciences, such as Law, Sociology, Social Communication, Political Sciences, Philosophy and Education. It is believed that only from a broad view about the real meaning of Justice, the humanity will man be able to self-determine and ensure his preservation in a society which increasingly becomes virtually integrated. For this purpose, descriptive exploratory methodological techniques were used, based on historical, bibliographical and normative analysis, due to the essentially qualitative nature of this thesis. In addition, an attempt was made to demonstrate through deductive and dialogic methods that the assumptions brought as theoretical references, when analyzed under the STS perspective, began to dialogue with each other, aiming to answer the following questions: i) How can the principle of Access to Justice be reinterpreted, considering the main characteristics of contemporary Brazilian society, especially in relation to the growing interactions in the virtual territory? ii) What contribution can the field of Science, Technology and Society make to carry out this reinterpretation? It is intended, therefore, to reach the conclusion that the best interpretation that can be given to the term Justice is the one that refers to the meaning of Political Justice.
Análise da paisagem e emissões de gases efeito estufa em reservatórios do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-13)
Oliveira-Andreoli, Erica Zanardo
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Fushita, Ângela Terumi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1078644223231926
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Bianchini Júnior, Irineu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389
Reservoirs are transition ecosystems designed for their multiple uses, such as energy production, water supply, irrigation, and fishing. Despite hydroelectric power being considered as clean energy, studies dating from the end of the last century reported the possibility that reservoirs have a high potential for the emission of Greenhouse Gases (GHG). In addition to the change in carbon cycling due to water impoundment, the reservoir interacts with the watershed, which undergo constant changes in their land uses and cover. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate GHG emissions in the reservoirs of Barra Bonita (agricultural profile – intensive monoculture of sugarcane), Itupararanga (conservation profile) and Jaguari-Jacareí (agricultural profile – pasture) and to analyze the integrity and multifunctionality of the landscape in its areas of influence. To carry out the landscape analysis, it was necessary to survey land use and cover in the pre- and post-damming period (i.e., 2010 and 2020), using geoprocessing software and the R language, to obtain the Distance to Nature index (D2N). The survey of GHG emissions was carried out using the G-res tool, developed by the International Hydropower Association (IHA). The application of the D2N index showed that, despite the increase in non-agricultural uses in the areas of influence, there was an increase in the amount of natural areas and a reduction in areas in more artificial conditions during the entire period in the three profiles. Regarding the application of the G-res tool, all reservoirs acted as CO2 sinks in the pre-damming period (between -324 tCO2e/year and -5.191 tCO2e/year) and emitted a small amount of CH4 in the same period (between 39 tCO2e/year and 159 tCO2e/year). In the post-damming period, all reservoirs started to emit GHG (between 10.137 tCO2e/year and 210.268 tCO2e/year). The use of the D2N index and the G-res tool are essential in understanding the spatial dynamics of landscapes, in addition to providing better planning of public policies.
Experiência prática internacional durante a graduação em medicina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-14)
Meira, Thauanna Alves
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Contini, Andréa Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9116284983583610
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Luca, Andréia Andreozi Alcântara Moura de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6430021063789175
This Final Paper is a reflection on the trajectories experienced during medical graduation at a Brazilian public university. Among the aspects addressed are the form of selection for the course, the active teaching methodology, the resources needed to carry out an exchange during graduation and the international practical experience lived at the University Hospital of Odense, in Denmark.
Raw data on metal accumulation and biochemical and physiological biomarker data in Nile tilapia exposed to settleable atmospheric particulate matter (SePM)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-15)
Adorno, Henrique Aio
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Monteiro, Diana Amaral
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7384615643107023
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0358411551730768
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5946-522X
Construção e evidências de validade de um banco de faces para reconhecimento de expressões faciais de emoções básicas na população brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-16)
Morais Fabrício, Daiene de
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Muniz, Monalisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9444899939943716
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Chagas, Marcos Hortes Nisihara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7060083823888759
The Recognition of Facial Expressions of Emotions (RFEE) is an essential skill for good social functioning, as it allows recognizing the emotions and possible intentions of the other. An important variable to be considered in the RFEE skill is the cultural context, which tends to modulate this recognition. Thus, the objective of the present study is to build and seek evidence of validity for a series of stimuli of facial expressions of emotions of Brazilian individuals, considering the population distribution of the country according to age group, gender and race. For this, a three-phase procedure was constructed to elicit basic emotions based on studies that also built face databases: 1) Presentation of specific stimuli from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS); 2) Presentation of model photographs from the Pictures of Facial Affect (POFA) database and 3) Specific hypothetical situations taken from a previous study and tested for the present study. Each image was analysed by expert judges in studies with emotions and only faces with 100% agreement between them for the type of emotion expressed by the models were included in the final set. Subsequently, 459 Brazilians of both sexes and different ages and races recognized these faces in the validity evidence analysis stage. The final database consists of 56 high-quality color images of young, adult and elderly individuals (with and without acting experience) and divided according to the country's population distribution for the variables age, gender and race. The final stimuli show good agreement between the expressions perceived by the evaluators and the models' expressions (M=81.6%; SD=7.69), in addition to satisfactory internal consistency with Cronbach's Alpha of 0.70 and McDonald's Omega of 0.68. However, 11 faces showed <70% recognition accuracy, suggesting that the present set needs reapplication in more representative samples. The percentage of correct answers for each item in the database, as well as the characteristics of the models, such as having or not experience in acting, age, gender and race, are also presented so that future studies can choose the most appropriate images to meet their own needs. We hope that the built image set can be used for studies that evaluate the recognition of emotions in the Brazilian context.
A prática profissional do curso de medicina da UFSCar e as atividades de preceptoria: uma narrativa reflexiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-17)
Saggin, Julia
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Germano, Carla Maria Ramos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1685750854841732
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3827762829004941
The main educational method used in medical courses in Brazil is based on the Flexner Report which proposed a reconstruction of the medical training model with emphasis on the biomedical model. Recently, the reformulation of aspects of medical training in Brazil for a curriculum that includes different areas of knowledge and not just biological content has been discussed. Considering this, active learning methodologies advanced and, in line with the principles of the public health system and the national curriculum guidelines, in 2006 the medicine course of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) was founded. The purpose of this study is to execute a reflective narrative about the six years passed in UFSCar medicine with a focus on the medical practice and preceptorship activities.
Efeitos do treino funcional de alcance associado ao controle de tronco em lactentes pré-termo moderados a tardios: ensaio clínico randomizado e controlado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-18)
Zambello, Vanessa
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Tudella, Eloisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5851188162183029
Introduction: Commonly, preterm infants have a delay in the acquisition of motor skills. Evidence has shown that reaching specific interventions and experiences in a variety of postures have improved reaching behavior, head control, and motor development in preterm infants. However, knowing that reaching and trunk control are interrelated skills, it is relevant to develop an intervention that emphasizes trunk control activities associated with reaching for the motor development of infants at biological risk. Objective: To investigate the effects of an early intervention protocols on gross motor performance, trunk control and reaching of moderate to late preterm infants at the emergence of reaching. Methods: Thirty-nine moderate- to late- preterm infants (34.82 ± 1.20 weeks of gestational age) (19 boys and 20 girls) at the onset of reaching (4.36 ± 0.54 months corrected age) were randomized into two groups: experimental - received training of functional reaching associated with trunk control and control– positioning training. Infants were assessed by the Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control (SATCo), Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) and reaching assessment in 4 assessments: 1) pre-training; 2) post-training 1; 3) post-training 2 and 4) retention. All assessments were performed by a blinded evaluator. The training of functional reaching associated with trunk control was performed by a physical therapist and parents at home for 12 consecutive days (6 sessions delivered by physical therapist and 6 sessions by parents) consisting of activities focused on trunk control and reaching activities in a variety of postures, for approximately 30-40 minutes a day. For the variables of gross motor performance, trunk control and reaching, the Mann-Whitney test was applied to compare the groups (experimental and control) in each assessment (pre-training, post-training 1 and 2 and retention). Results: Training functional reaching in association with trunk control was superior to positioning training, considering gross motor performance at post-training p= 0.023 and retention p= 0.005 and AIMS prone subscale at retention p= 0.002, a higher frequency of reaches with open hand at post-training 1 p <0.001 and with grasping at post-training 2, but not regarding trunk control, for the frequency of reaches, uni- and bimanual reaches, vertical, closed hand and contact surface (dorsal or ventral). Conclusion: Training functional reaching in association with trunk control was effective in favoring gross motor performance and increasing the frequency of more adaptive reaching, in other words, with an open hand and grasping, favoring the exploration of objects and which can be an efficient early intervention strategy for clinicians and parents.
Levantamento e caracterização da população ex-situ da raposa-do-campo (Lycalpex vetulus) no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-18)
Morais, Luan Henrique
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Lima, Caio Filipe da Motta
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5833399072087947
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Ramos, Patrícia Locosque
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7542477918045216
Carnivores suffer several forms of pressure contributing to the decline of these populations. The hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus) is the smallest of the Brazilian canids. Have crepuscular-nocturnal habits, are omnivorous and monogamous, and their reproductive period occurs once a year, borning three to five offspring. Human actions accelerate the extinction process, where 25% of fauna and flora species are vulnerable. The hoary fox is classified as vulnerable mainly due to habitat loss and fragmentation. It is endemic to the Cerrado, a biome that has been losing significantly its area to pastures and agricultural activities. Integrated strategies between institutions may be the only alternative for the survival of endangered species. Knowing the biology of the species, real threats, correctly identifying of the specimens and having an overview of the captive individuals, in addition to generating knowledge, is of paramount importance in the creation of strategies aimed at the conservation of Lycalopex vetulus. Through and with the participation of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums of Brazil (AZAB) and the São Paulo Association of Zoos and Aquariums (APAZA), a consultation was carried out with the associated institutions that keep the species under guard, and that showed interest in participating in the study. A questionnaire was prepared with population data and questions related to ex situ management, including information on nutrition, facilities, behavior, education, physical restraint, veterinary care, management and reproduction. Photos were also requested to identify individuals. The answers were qualitatively evaluated in order to know the management that the institutions offer to the animals. For the classification of individuals, the requested photos were evaluated in order to prove, from the phenotypic characteristics, whether the animals in question were L. vetulus or were mistakenly classified. In relation to the 24 animals participating in the project, only five had phenotypic characteristics consistent with the species under study, two are more similar to L. gymnocercus and the rest of them have characteristics of the two species, which may be hybrids between these species. It is concluded that it is of paramount importance to train professionals who work with fauna to correctly identify the species, as well as carrying out a molecular evaluation of individuals kept under human care, in order to have precision of the species for the beginning of an effective integrated conservation project that aims to preserve it.
Um aluno-pesquisador na pandemia: o papel da pesquisa científica na formação acadêmica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-18)
Slywitch Filho, Glieb
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Aquilante, Aline Guerra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5699716799010108
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3909093043446433
This undergraduate thesis is a critical-reflexive narrative in accordance with the guidelines of the Federal University of São Carlos’s medical school’s Pedagogical Project and aims to show the trajectory and experiences of a medical student during graduation. The narrative is organized in such a way as to expose, through the student's vision and experience, the development of an undergraduate research project, within the University Hospital, during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the year of 2020.
Análise crítico-reflexiva da graduação em medicina na UFSCar: uma perspectiva pessoal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-19)
Oliveira, Daniel Basile Velloso de
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Aquilante, Aline Guerra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5699716799010108
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3120478151401542
This papper, according to the pedagogical project of the UFSCar Medicine course, aims to promote a critical-reflexive analysis of the student about his graduation period. Pre, inter and post course aspects will be addressed, exploring what led the author to choose the course, the challenges he had to face during his academic life and the conclusion of this process. The text is divided into stages in chronological order through which the author lived.
O suporte ventilatório não invasivo exerce efeito na função endotelial em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca descompensada? Estudo quase-experimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-19)
Melo, Bruna Maciel
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Mateus, Adriano Petrolini
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5014883436250700
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0375-6180
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Mendes, Renata Gonçalves
Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome in which the heart does not adequately meet tissue needs and endothelial dysfunction commonly presents. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is the recommended therapy for these patients during decompensation, and its effect on endothelial function in other pathological profiles has already been demonstrated, but there is still no knowledge of this intervention in patients with HF. Objective: To investigate the effect of applying NIV on endothelial function in patients with decompensated HF Methods: Quasi-experimental study in which adults (n=16), of both sexes, hospitalized due to HF decompensation were included. The diagnosis of HF was confirmed through echocardiography, including participants with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 45%. Anthropometric, clinical and laboratory data were obtained. NIV was applied in Bilevel mode between a minimum of 30 and a maximum of 60 minutes according to the patient's tolerance, with the positive inspiratory pressure varying from a minimum of 6 cmH2O to a maximum of 12 cmH2O and the positive expiratory pressure between 4 cmH2O. at 8 cmH2O, depending on patient comfort. Pre and post NIV arterial blood gas values were compared and endothelial function was assessed at the same time points using the flow-mediated dilation method. Results: Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV) did not impact endothelial function in patients hospitalized for decompensated heart failure. There was no significant difference considering pre and post NIV comparisons for basal flow (0.09 ±0.03 m/s and 0.08 ±0.03 m/s), basal diameter (4.38 ± 0.76 for 4, 54 ±0.85 mm), mean flow during reactive hyperemia (0.36 ±0.15 m/s to 0.37 ±0.14 m/s), brachial artery diameter (0.24 ± 0.16 to 0.35 ± 0.26) and flow-mediated dilation (5.96 ± 4.47 % to 8.21 ± 6.4). While for hydrogen potential (pH): 7.47 ± 0.05 pre VNI vs. 7.46 ± 0.03 (p=0.16); partial pressure of Carbon Dioxide (PaCO2) 35.95 ± 6.17 pre NIV vs. 40.24 ± 4.34 post NIV; (p=0.01), partial pressure of Oxygen (PaO2) 70.31 ± 12.32 pre NIV vs 64.23 ± 7.71 post NIV; (p=0.91), Oxygen Saturation (SatO2) 93.14 ± 3.74 pre NIV vs. 92.48 ± 3.27 post NIV; (p=0.50) Bicarbonate (HCO3) 25.86 ± 5.08 pre NIV vs. 28.50 ± 3.14 post NIV; (p=0.01;) and Base Excess (BE) 2.35 ± 4.92 pre NIV vs. 4.50 ± 2.92 post NIV; (p=0.02). A moderate negative correlation was found between type B natriuretic peptide and brachial artery diameter (r=-0.50; p=0.04) and flow-mediated dilation in percentage or millimeter (r-0.53; p=0 .04), in addition to a strong positive correlation between hemoglobin and brachial artery diameter (r=0.82; p=0.01) and hemoglobin values with flow-mediated dilation (p=0.82; p=0.01 ). Conclusion: NIV did not impact the endothelial function of patients hospitalized for decompensated HF. B-type natriuretic peptide and hemoglobin values showed a relationship with endothelial function. The absence of a control group for comparison limits the extrapolation of results, thus suggesting further research on the topic.
Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE B3): uma análise do questionário de ingresso no índice com vistas à evolução das empresas nos critérios ambientais, sociais e econômicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-19)
Souza, Raquel Puti de
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Albuquerque, Andrei Aparecido de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9667573506903226
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2819-9993
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6846696353552875
This research aimed to qualitatively analyze the responses of companies to the ISE questionnaire, based on the environmental, social and economic dimensions, enabling a greater understanding of the application of sustainability in their activities and comparing which criteria of the aforementioned questionnaire the entities participating in the index worked harder. It was observed that in the analyzed period from 2014 to 2021, in the answers to the performance criterion in the environmental, social and economic-financial dimension of the questionnaire, the companies sought to fulfill the requirements requested in the questionnaire. However, it was observed that there is a need for further evolution in the requested requirements of the social dimension, as only two companies fulfilled 80% of the requested criteria. This is also demonstrated in aspects related to the area of government public policies, insofar as they represent the expansion of mechanisms and tools created by the organizations themselves. These mechanisms contribute to concrete advances implemented in a new economy, balancing the level of Corporate Social Responsibility practices with a view to direct and indirect benefits that allow a better positioning in the market in which business organizations are inserted.
Agentes etiológicos de Faringotonsilites agudas em pacientes adultos de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20)
Grandin Filho, Pedro Gimenes
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Santos, Sigrid de Souza dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0475600621927610
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0366-0250
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Oliveira, Cláudio Ricardo de
Introduction: Pharyngitis is a very common infection of the therapeutic tract and can be caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi. The etiological agents involved in the etiology of acute pharyngotonsillitis in our environment are unknown. Objective: This project aimed to investigate the etiology of acute pharyngotonsillitis as part of a research project on the use of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of acute pharyngotonsillitis. Patients and methods: Patients over 18 years of age with acute sore throat confirmed by clinical assessment were included in the photodynamic therapy study if they signed an informed consent form. The etiological investigation of the protocol included collection of oropharyngeal swab for rapid test for Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus; Gram stains and general culture on blood, chocolate, and Mac Conkey agar; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Fusobacterium necrophorum and detection panel of virus detection by polymerase chain reaction (influenza A and B virus, adenovirus, rhinovirus, OC43 coronavirus, Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex virus, and coronavirus -19). Preliminary results: From May 20, 2019 to January 29, 2020, 47 patients with acute pharyngotonsillitis were included in the study, 53.2% male, with a mean age of 23.6 years. The etiology was bacterial in 20 patients (42.6%), viral in seven patients (14.9%), and mixed – bacterial and viral in 5 patients (10.6%). GAS was responsible for 25.5% of cases, Fusobacterium necrophorum for 10.6%, and GBS for 4.3% and Staphylococcus aureus for 4.3%. Regarding viruses, HSV was responsible for 8% of cases, and EBV for 4.3%. All isolates of Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus were sensitive to penicillin, between 55 and 60% were resistant to macrolides and 50% were resistant to clindamycin.