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Aprendizados de um aluno de medicina no período de 2016 a 2023
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Barbieri, Lucas Baptistella; Marcomini, Luis Antonio Gorla; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9815884474929428
The following work describes the trajectory of a student of Medical Course at the Federal University of São Carlos in the period from 2016 to 2023. It will be presented the experiences, growth and despairs faced in this trajectory. It aims to transmit, through a reflective analysis, the learning process, medical practice, social and professional environment, over the 7 years of the course. This narrative represents the Course Completion Work, as provided for in the Political Pedagogical Project (1), in a critical-reflexive report format, subdivided into three learning cycles and extracurricular activities; In the first cycle, reports the entry into the course, expectations, first impressions and crossed difficulties. The second cycle, reports the introduction to medical practice, patient- physician relationship. The third cycle, reports the internship routine, medical training, challenges for completing the course and how to choose a career.
Estratégia educativa sobre gerenciamento de antimicrobianos – antimicrobial stewardship - para graduandos em enfermagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Perinoti, Lívia Cristina Scalon da Costa; Felix, Adriana Maria da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6785001359401599; Figueiredo, Rosely Moralez de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2597491235073085; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1160186485428244
Among the measures aimed at minimizing antimicrobial resistance, a problem that was even more exacerbated after the start of the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, is the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP). The ASP involves a set of actions aimed at the rational use of antimicrobials in health services. These actions must be carried out by an interprofessional team, including the nurse, a professional who still has an incipient participation in these programs. Expanding the knowledge of future nurses on the subject is essential to increase their participation in the ASP. The use of active methodologies, with the support of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) has been shown to be efficient in similar studies. The objective of this study, therefore, was to evaluate the effect of an educational intervention on the ASP - Antimicrobial Stewardship Program, - for undergraduate nursing students. This is a multiple study, carried out in three stages: development and validation by appearance and content by expert judges of the educational strategy; realization of the educational intervention and analysis of knowledge gain; and evaluating its feasibility. In the statistical analysis, absolute frequencies, percentages, measurement, McNemar test, binomial regression models with identity link function, with a significance level of 5% were used. The educational strategy was developed and later validated by 10 expert judges, with a total content validity index greater than 0.90 for appearance and content. The intervention, which consisted of a free course offered on the Portal de Cursos Abertos (PoCA), consisting of 4 domains using the WebQuest methodology, was carried out with 73 nursing students from a college in the interior of the State of São Paulo, being measured the level of knowledge (rate of correct answers) before and after the educational intervention. A better performance was found in the post-test, especially in domain 2, diagnosis of infection and use of antimicrobials, and in domain 3, clinical practice of nurses (p=<0.01). As for practicality, the intervention was considered easy to understand and carry out, and the participants expressed interest in using this type of educational strategy again. The open course without tutoring was developed, validated, applied and evaluated and is a useful tool and is available free of charge to contribute to the training of future nurses in the theme of PGA. Actions aimed at improving the knowledge and awareness of health professionals, in particular nurses, about PGA is one of the ways to contribute to the reduction of antimicrobial resistance in the world.
Agentes etiológicos de Faringotonsilites agudas em pacientes adultos de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Grandin Filho, Pedro Gimenes; Santos, Sigrid de Souza dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0475600621927610; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0366-0250; Oliveira, Cláudio Ricardo de; Blanco, Kate Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5091705745613726; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9029359807019219; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0361-9725; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7980657142484661
Introduction: Pharyngitis is a very common infection of the therapeutic tract and can be caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi. The etiological agents involved in the etiology of acute pharyngotonsillitis in our environment are unknown. Objective: This project aimed to investigate the etiology of acute pharyngotonsillitis as part of a research project on the use of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of acute pharyngotonsillitis. Patients and methods: Patients over 18 years of age with acute sore throat confirmed by clinical assessment were included in the photodynamic therapy study if they signed an informed consent form. The etiological investigation of the protocol included collection of oropharyngeal swab for rapid test for Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus; Gram stains and general culture on blood, chocolate, and Mac Conkey agar; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Fusobacterium necrophorum and detection panel of virus detection by polymerase chain reaction (influenza A and B virus, adenovirus, rhinovirus, OC43 coronavirus, Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex virus, and coronavirus -19). Preliminary results: From May 20, 2019 to January 29, 2020, 47 patients with acute pharyngotonsillitis were included in the study, 53.2% male, with a mean age of 23.6 years. The etiology was bacterial in 20 patients (42.6%), viral in seven patients (14.9%), and mixed – bacterial and viral in 5 patients (10.6%). GAS was responsible for 25.5% of cases, Fusobacterium necrophorum for 10.6%, and GBS for 4.3% and Staphylococcus aureus for 4.3%. Regarding viruses, HSV was responsible for 8% of cases, and EBV for 4.3%. All isolates of Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus were sensitive to penicillin, between 55 and 60% were resistant to macrolides and 50% were resistant to clindamycin.
Colonialismo, instrumentalização da pobreza e mercantilização dos recursos naturais da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Carletti, Rafael; Martins, Rodrigo Constante; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6617183095074852; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5262464435562794
This thesis seeks to discuss how the discourse on global warming and climate change reproduces colonialist ideas about the people and nature of the Amazon. Still, it seeks to understand how these ideas are discursively mobilized, in the sense of subsidizing the implementation of environmental public policies. Therefore, two analytical references are used to examine this problem. The first concerns the process of colonization and colonialism, as they are fundamental aspects of the socio-historical construction of both the peoples and the nature of the Amazon. The second refers to the institutionalization of the so-called social and environmental issues which, as they were consolidated within the framework of Modernity, made the process of social formation of peoples and social construction of nature invisible. Thus, the work's hypothesis is that the notions of traditional peoples and of an exotic nature – both formulated in the colonial period – are the main ones to be mobilized by environmentalism to legitimize environmental public policies in the region. Theoretically, the thesis is based on the idea of caboclo societies as a way of dialoguing with the category of traditional peoples. In addition, it mobilizes references from ecological economics, environmental economics and the Marxist critique of political economy, to discuss the idea of nature. The methodological resources used were bibliographic references, document analysis, interviews and participant observation. The thesis did not seek to confirm its hypothesis or draw definitive conclusions, but rather to expand the possibilities for discussion on this topic.
A abordagem da dermatologia na graduação de medicina: uma reflexão sobre técnicas de ensino e core curriculum
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Fischer, Nathalia Fahl Cicotti; D'Elia, Maria Paula Barbieri; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2017107516578512
Even though skin diseases are prevalent and epidemiologically relevant, the subject of Dermatology receives insufficient attention in medicine schools, in general, and more specifically in UFSCar. Active learning methodologies are advantageous when aiming to better explore it during graduation, but students must receive a core curriculum basis
Carga viral de SARS-CoV-2 e sobrevida em pacientes com COVID-19 no municipio de São Carlos: estudo de coortes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Pessoa, Nathalia Gardin; Cunha, Anderson Ferreira da; Freire, Caio Cesar de Melo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329741640375661; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6594298373448536; Santos, Sigrid de Sousa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0475600621927610; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8485342459698500
Introduction: There is evidence that high SARS-CoV-2 viral load in respiratory secretions is related to greater disease severity. However, some authors have observed a high virus load in respiratory secretions even in asymptomatic people. Several factors may be implicated as higher inoculum in transmission, poor replication control, lower response to treatment. Thus, systematic studies of influence of viral dynamics in respiratory secretions on COVID-19 lethality are needed. Objective: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the association between the evolution of the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory secretions and the prognosis of severe COVID-19, in terms of the need for non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV), invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), or evolution to death or sequelae, as well as the factors associated with these unfavorable outcomes. Methods: Longitudinal descriptive study of cohorts. Exposure factor: SARS-CoV-19 viral load estimated by the ∆Ct method; outcome: NIMV, IMV, cardiac or pulmonary sequelae, discharge/death. The study included adult individuals (age >=18 years), with a diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome by SARS-CoV-2 diagnosed by RT-PCR, admitted to the internal medicine ward of HU-UFSCar, and who signed the informed consent. Patients were evaluated using a standardized questionnaire with demographic, epidemiological, clinical, virological, laboratory and imaging information, need for support, and treatment, using the RedCap program. The patients were reevaluated on four more occasions when they were submitted to clinical and laboratory evaluation and new collections of RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 in rhino and oropharyngeal secretion (48-72h, 6-8 days, 10-15 days, 20- 25 days). Patients were evaluated for evolution with the need for invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation, discharge or hospital death, pulmonary and cardiovascular sequelae, and 120-day survival. Results: Between October 2020 and November 2021, 23 patients with SARS due to SARS-CoV-2 were included in the study. About half of the patients required O2 support with a reservoir mask and 26.1% underwent invasive mechanical ventilation. Two patients evolved to death. The SARS-CoV-2 viral load by the ΔCt method in naso/oropharyngeal swabs remained higher (above 10) after one week of hospitalization in the patients who died. Other factors associated with death were age greater than 60 years and some characteristics at admission: hypothermia, bradycardia, hypotension, electrocardiographic changes (widening of the p-wave and 1-degree AV block), neutrophil counts below 5000 cells/mm3, D-dimer greater than 1mg/L; CRP less than 10 mg/dL; and total bilirubin less than 0.4 mg/dL. The two patients who died did not receive corticosteroids within the first 72 hours of hospitalization. It remains to assess the demographic, epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, imaging and treatment factors associated with the need for non-invasive mechanical ventilation, invasive mechanical ventilation and sequelae. More than 95% of patients evolved with production of neutralizing antibodies after severe COVID-19, with a median inhibition level of 99.3%.
O aprendizado da medicina baseada em evidências no curso de medicina da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Primon, Aline; Oliveira, Gustavo Nunes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0271550967932518; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0271550967932518
Final paper presented to the Department of Medicine of the Federal Univeristy of São Carlos, aproaching the learning and usage of Evidence-Based Medicine troughout the course. It was accomplished trough a bibliographic review of PubMed and Scielo databases using the key-words "evidence-based medicine" and "active learning methodologies". Afterwards, a reflexive narrative about the learning of the scientific method and application of Evidence-Based Medicine was made.
Construção e estudos psicométricos do Teste Informatizado de Inteligência Emocional para o Trabalho – TIIET
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Peixoto, Isaías; Nascimento, Monalisa Muniz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9444899939943716; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7223015051539698
Studies on Emotional Intelligence (EI) are increasingly relevant to scientifically verify the extent to which this variable contributes in various contexts, including the organizational context, which has attributed importance to EI even before scientific studies. However, for such scientific investigations, instruments with psychometric quality are necessary to measure EI specifically in the organizational context. In Brazil, there are currently no psychological tests that evaluate EI specifically for the workplace. Therefore, this research aimed to construct a battery of EI tests for the workplace, the Computerized Test of Emotional Intelligence for Work (TIIET), which aims to be short, with remote/online application, based on the Cognitive Abilities Model of EI and maximum performance. Initially, TIIET consisted of tests that assessed the facets of perception (TPET), understanding (TCET), and emotional management (TGET). The research involved 536 participants and was divided into three studies - articles. The first involved item development, investigation of evidence of content validity, and systematization of TIIET application and scoring. The second sought evidence of validity based on internal structure. Finally, the third article investigated the relationship of TIIET with typical constructs of the workplace to verify evidence of validity based on relationship with other variables. The results of Article 1 indicated favorable content validity indices, with satisfactory item and instruction understanding and adequacy to the proposed theoretical model, as well as indicating that the instrument improved throughout the analyses and improvements suggested by judges, target population, and researchers from the 17 IE research group of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). In Article 2, the analyses to verify psychometric properties related to CFA, CFA-MG, and precision were consistent with theoretical expectations. Article 3, using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), presented results that suggest the relationship of EI measured by TIIET with variables of work redesign (proactivity), self-efficacy, well-being, work-family conflict, and family-work. Based on the data obtained through the three articles, positive results are identified that assess evidence of content validity, internal structure, and relationship with other variables for TIIET, specifically for TPET and TGET tests.
Aprendizado orientado por competências na graduação de medicina: reflexões acerca do processo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Parente, Dênis Alves; Oliveira, Gustavo Nunes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7251529056542414
This is a critical-reflexive exercise about the process of medical education based on competencies, dialoguing with narrative review about the evolution of medical education in Brazil, under the view of a sixth-year medical student at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). It proposes parallels between the student experience and the competencies listed in the Political Pedagogical Project of the course, seeking to highlight the process of acquiring these competencies in practice.
Experimentação como potencial contribuinte para a formação de conceitos científicos em crianças.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Marcondes, Jamile Silva; Gebara, Maria José Fontana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6585493065968961; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6461521166648114
Seeking to find strategies that help in the renewal of Science teaching in Brazil and considering the worrying results obtained by Brazilian students in international exams, we propose an study of Vigotsky's theories and neoVigotskian authors who deal with the construction of scientific concepts by children. This is mainly justified by the scarcity of studies focused on understanding this construction in childhood. Using a qualitative and exploratory methodology, and through bibliographical research, based on the principles present in these theories, we established criteria that guided the analysis of national publications that help in understanding the difficulties associated with conceptual learning in science. The articles published between 2000 and 2020 were found by searching the CAPES Portal and Academic Google. These publications report the use of the experimental approach as a subsidy for the formation of scientific concepts in children attending kindergarten and the early years of elementary school. The Vigotskyian criterion that appears most often is specialized instruction and the ones that appear less frequently are deliberate attention and logical memory. Recognizing the state of intellectual activity of the child on a given object in order to identify the state of attention and memory formation is complex, especially when dealing with a large group.
Vivências no curso de medicina da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Chiquillo, Maria Paz Lozano; Chachá, Silvana Gama Florencio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7204163682267970; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4416053911709246
Este trabajo de grado hace parte del Proyecto Político Pedagógico de la Facultad de Medicina de la UFSCar. Es una narración critica-reflexiva, basada en mis experiencias como estudiante de esta Facultad durante el período comprendido entre los años 2017 hasta 2023, por lo tanto, incluye la Pandemia del COVID 19. Discurro en este trabajo, sobre mi recorrido por los tres grandes ciclos que componen el curso – Ciclo Básico, Ciclo Clínico e Internado.
Metacognição e o processo de aprender a aprender na graduação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Carvalho, Beatriz Barea; Contini, Andréa Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9116284983583610; Luca, Andréia Andreozi Alcântara Moura de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6430021063789175; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0286188743844278
This work is an experience report lived in the graduation in Medicine at the Federal University of São Carlos based on the perspective of metacognition as the basis of learning, related to the curricular guidelines of the mentioned course that uses active teaching methodologies. This experience is reported from the point of view of a student at the end of her training, who during the process showed interest in medical education topics and sought to understand the learning process. The core of the text includes the three metacognitive pillars - person, task and strategy - and narrates their development according to undergraduate learning cycles and units
A prática profissional na graduação de medicina sob a perspectiva do luto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Silva, Tainá Souza e; Fontanella, Bruno José Barcellos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0111581000671476
The following work addresses, in the form of a reflective narrative, the trajectory of a medical student at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) over the six years of college, focusing on professional practice and other educational instruments that supported the construction of medical practice throughout training. Throughout the course, students are exposed to the grief of Family members, patients and face their own processes of working through the loss. The text explores the subject from the perspective of grief and its many college presentations.
Caminhos da carreira médica: uma reflexão do graduando ao médico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Cortez, Maria Beatriz Frigo; Reiff, Rodrigo Bezerra de Menezes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9676566990095025; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8049922471483722
This course conclusion work approaches the trajectory taken by the student of a medical school in the countryside of São Paulo with its own and active teaching methodology. Obeying the guidelines of the Political Pedagogical Program of the course, the work has its text organized as a critical-reflexive narrative from the academic's personal perspective, composed of the three cycles that organize the medical course, each lasting two years, with Basic Cycle I, Clinical Cycle II and Internship Cycle III. Still from the perspective of the author, the work brings a perspective of the future after continuing the journey, emphasizing the medical residency programs in Brazil. Finally, it brings the conclusion that despite the uncertainty of the future, the quality of UFSCar’s course and its solid foundations are undeniable despite the permanent possibility of progress.
Narrativa critico reflexiva sobre o curso de medicina da Universidade Federal de São Carlos: visões e opiniões sobre a metodologia construtivista empregada no curso de medicina da UFSCar na formação do profissional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-01-20) Barros, Jean Carlos de Souza; Floriano, Petterson de Jesus; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7166785992593153; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8435127115075001
Introduction: This work is built on an autobiographical and critical-reflexive narrative about the medical course at the Federal University of São Carlos, presenting the facilities and difficulties of self-directed learning proposed by the faculty, its importance as a methodology and its failures according to the author's opinion according to lived realities. Objective: Expose facts and opinions about the constructivist method and its application in the medical course at UFSCar, generate reflections on how it is put into practice and how the student figure receives it. Method: The methodology used for this course completion work consists of author reports and literature reviews with consultation of electronic materials found in SCiELO about the constructivist methodology. Conclusions: It is possible to conclude that there was an important effort by the medical course at the Federal University of São Carlos to remain faithful to the constructivist method based on problems. However, not everyone, as much as they wanted the method, fully adapted to the method, culminating in insecurities, fears and anxieties due to the lack of traditional assessment methods or the early introduction of the student to health services, even if unprepared.