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Avaliação da produção de etanol 2g, xilitol e biomassa celular em meios sintéticos e hidrolisados lignocelulósicos pela levedura Meyerozyma guilliermondii
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-30) Perna, Michelle dos Santos Cordeiro; Ferreira de Souza, Dulce Helena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428955299526003; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8479-6744; Ribeiro Gallo, Jean Marcel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3485408327490746; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2937-2628; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6803429357877935; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1154-6063
Lignocellulosic biomass is the second largest source of carbon available on the planet. However, the viability of biorefineries depends on overcoming challenges such as the search for microorganisms capable of converting pentoses into 2G ethanol and high added value products. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the production of 2G ethanol and xylitol by the yeast Meyerozyma guilliermondii (CCT7783) from residues from the production of pencils and sugarcane straw. The yeast M. guilliermondii was adapted on xylose and the exact results that the specific growth rate was 75% higher for spontaneously adapted strains. In the second phase of the study, the adapted strains were applied in a study of the effect of fermentation conditions and the required results that high hypoxic conditions and high rotations lead to a reduction in biomass production and an increase in xylitol production. Ethanol production was higher with increasing concentration of pentoses and inoculum. In the fermentation of the hydrolysates approximately 50% of the sugars were converted into 2G ethanol and 7% into xylitol for both considered hydrolysates, having a controlled effect on the fermentation time for the hydrolysates from pencil residues. The yeast M. guilliermondii has potential for application in biorefinery processes and optimized conditions can lead to a targeted biosynthesis with higher yields.
Formação de professores de matemática: expectativas e práticas pedagógicas sobre ensino e aprendizagem de estudantes com deficiência visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-30) Veregue, Geisa; Galvani, Márcia Duarte; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6866106661255961; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1092-746X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0850526221101557; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1077-7513
This research has the general objective of developing, applying and evaluating a collaborative training program, with a view to the performance of mathematics teachers with students with visual impairment. The specific objectives are: (a) to characterize the pedagogical practices of Mathematics teachers who work in the Final Years of Elementary School; (b) describe the perception of teachers about teaching mathematics to visually impaired students, before and after in-service training. Under a qualitative approach, the study is characterized as a collaborative research. Study participants were three teachers of the Mathematics curricular discipline, working in the Final Years of Elementary School, and a teacher from the resource room for students with visual impairments. The research was carried out in a state public school, in a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo. Data collection and analysis procedures were organized into five stages: characterization of teachers, pedagogical practice, survey of information regarding pedagogical practice, in-service training planning, aplication of training and evaluation of training. The instruments used in the research were: categorization questionnaire; semi-structured interview scripts; fiel journal; collaborative training evaluation script. The collected data were analyzed and organized using the categorical contente analysis technique. The results indicate that in-service training for mathematics teachers provided significant exchanges and reflections between them, favoring accessibility of curricular contentes for students with visual impairments, and this was possible because training was carried out during working hours, based on cases actual students. The study showed the importance of didactic resources and strategies, as important aspects for the success of teaching mathematics for the Middle School in the perspective of school inclusion.
Hidrologia e regeneração passiva: um estudo de caso na RPPN Floresta as Águas Perenes, Brotas-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-30) Balbinot, Leonardo Castilho; Tonello, Kelly Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3844965971290638; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7920-6006; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2364010760843716; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1870-6784
Climate change and the loss of forest biodiversity are two of the biggest challenges faced globally and the protection and forest regeneration of ecologically fragile areas can help to face these problems. However, there are still many challenges to accurately assess forest regeneration. From the hydrological point of view, the Cerrado is where the main Brazilian river basins form and is increasingly suffering from deforestation. This research aimed to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between the morphometry of watersheds and the behavior of natural regeneration through vegetation indices. Data were processed using QGIS 3.22 with GRASS 7.8.2 software. based on data from the IBGE database, the United States Geological Survey and field assessments. The hydrographic basin has an elongated shape, with a compactness coefficient equal to 5.83 (Kc), as well as a shape factor of 0.48 (F) and a circularity index of 0.37 (IC), moving away from the values that represent a circular hydrographic basin, these characteristics indicate a lower concentration of runoff, with lower infiltration capacity. The observed drainage density (Dd) was 2.27 km/km². and 1 of the third order, the average slope found was 8.97%, consistent with the gently undulating relief of the region. The values found for the physical parameters and nutrient concentration are in Class 1 for fresh waters of CONAMA Resolution 365/2005. Analyzing the current situation of the RPPN Águas Perenes, it can be concluded that it is in an advanced stage of regeneration, mainly along the watercourses, with approximately 80% of its area in a medium/advanced stage of regeneration.
Calogênese in vitro como alternativa na produção de metabólitos secundários e comparação metabólica entre calos e plantas de Artemisia annua
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-30) Iiyama, Carla Midori; Sartoratto, Adilson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2938768700584296; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-3715; Cardoso, Jean Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3681181863704059; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6578-1723; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7541763813792395; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5040-4116
Among the applications of in vitro culture technique of medicinal plants are the use of clonal plantlets from previously selected superior genotypes, the production of metabolites in controlled environment and genetic transformation aiming at the production of specific tissues and metabolites. The in vitro production of secondary metabolites has the advantage of a controlled environment, free of pests and pathogens, in addition to allowing the production of metabolic profile different from those produced in cultivated plants. The present work aimed to establish a protocol for in vitro calli induction and proliferation of the medicinal plant Artemisia annua and to compare the metabolic profile of calli with in vitro plantlets and plants grown in a greenhouse. In addition, the effects of wavelengths of the visible light spectrum (dark, white, blue, red, blue and red) on the production of secondary metabolites were evaluated. The presence of phytoregulators Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) at 1.0 mg L-1 each, promoted the induction and proliferation of calli, with an increase in diameter and fresh weight. SPME GC-MS analyzes showed differences in the metabolic profile produced in different cultivation systems of A. annua and wavelengths used in calli cultivation. White light (cold and fluorescent) and red light (LEDs) resulted in a greater diversity of metabolites produced in calli, with six metabolites found exclusively in calli cultivated under red light, demonstrating specificity of calli response. 27 metabolites were identified exclusively in the calli of A. annua and four of them were reported for the first time in the species: menthyl acetate, geranyl acetate, 4-methoxy benzaldehyde and alpha-santalene. The results demonstrate the potential of in vitro culture of A. annua calli in the production of metabolites different from those obtained in different tissues, such as in vitro plantlets and plants grown in greenhouse.
Diálogos com a história nas Novas cartas chilenas, de José Paulo Paes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-30) Triques, Fernando Tadeu; Marques, Wilton José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5763590592946918; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-9331; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5127824508561808; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8025-8268
The present work focused on the study of Novas cartas chilenas, by José Paulo Paes, written throughout 1954 and published by Revista Brasiliense, in 1956. It’s composed of twenty poems, the book allows, using satirical strategies – parody, debasement, ekphrasis, epigram, aphorism, etc. – the establishment of dialogues with some specific moments of Brazilian history. Certainly, with ideological inclination and aesthetic concern, José Paulo Paes used the Cartas chilenas, which were pertinent to the Inconfidência Mineira (1789) process and attributed to Tomás Antônio Gonzaga, for announcing to anonymous and absent audiences those new perspectives and interpretations about Brazil. Finally, the book marks a inflection point in the author’s poetic development as evidenced by the observation that the synthesis, the thematic and formal forcefulness, the ironic thrust, the epigram tendency and the aphorism, the clear ideological inclination and the undeniable creativity become recurrent in aesthetic traits of his later works.
Avaliação das propriedades do ligante asfáltico modificado com borracha de pneus tratada por processo termomecânico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-30) Fernandes, Paulo Victor de Araújo; Soares, Sandra de Aguiar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3926841625456816; Scuracchio, Carlos Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0896060959622431; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7723-0213; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5979221243744513; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9314-4623
Tire recycling poses a challenge due to its non-biodegradable nature and the increasing volume of waste. The asphalt paving industry plays a crucial role by incorporating ground tire rubber (GTR) into modified asphalt binder production, bringing benefits in terms of road maintenance, lifespan, and environmental impact reduction. However, rubberized asphalt faces challenges like phase separation and high viscosity. Solid-State Shear Extrusion (SSSE) technology emerges as a promising alternative to enhance compatibility and adhesion between rubber and asphalt. This study aimed to investigate the properties of modified asphalt binder CAP 50/70 with rubber treated by SSSE. Ground tire rubber (GTR) was produced, both pulverized and partially devulcanized, at two temperatures (100 and 200°C), identified as dGTR100 and dGTR200. Asphalt-rubber samples (LGTR, LdGTR100, and LdGTR200) were prepared with rubber contents of 15, 20, and 25 % by weight of the binder. Physical-chemical, morphological, and thermal tests showed modifications in rubber characteristics post-SSSE, highlighting the temperature's influence on final material properties. Rheological tests indicated superior performance of asphalt-rubber over pure binder, with rubber content and characteristics significantly impacting binder properties. LdGTR100 exhibited better performance than LGTR at high temperatures and storage stability at 20 % rubber content. Therefore, the treatment of rubber by SSSE optimized the interaction between rubber and binder, improving the rheological properties of the rubber asphalt and highlighting its significant potential in the production of modified asphalt binders.
Percepções de uma estudante surda sobre suas vivências no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-30) Dias, Vitor de Souza; Santos, Lara Ferreira dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7312070448044165; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3196-9346; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5947065969125963; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4455-1763
The aim of this study is to analyze, together with a deaf student who has completed high school, their perceptions regarding accessibility in this educational stage. In light of the bilingual educational proposals outlined in Decree 5,626/2005 and Law 14,191/2021, and with the presence of sign language interpreters and translators, it is expected that schools are prepared to adequately accommodate these students, particularly in high school, which aims to prepare students for their professional life and university entrance. However, educators do not always possess the necessary preparation for this, which can hinder accessibility and knowledge acquisition, as well as impact the future choices of deaf students. Thus, this is qualitative research utilizing semi-structured online interviews as the data collection instrument. The participant is a young deaf individual, who graduated from high school three years ago at a Federal Institute in São Paulo, Brazil, and currently studies pedagogy at a university in the same state. Two interviews were conducted to understand this student's perception of accessibility and the factors influencing their subject-related preferences and areas of interest. Three analytical categories were developed, covering: accessibility in high school, subject-related affinities, and school relationships. The analyses revealed that educators can implement strategies, such as using conceptual maps and images related to concepts, to enhance visual and accessible teaching. Additionally, the affective factor was noted to be crucial in relation to subject preferences and interpersonal relationships in school. This study is expected to contribute to further research in the field of special education and deaf education, particularly concerning accessibility for deaf students in high school, an area that still lacks in-depth discussions.
Diversidade taxonômica em comunidades de Braconidae (Hymenoptera) em áreas de mata mesófila semidecidual do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-30) Marigo, Thaís Coimbra; Gomes, Julia Gibertoni; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0552130489388929; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4608-6711; Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8371-5591; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8419263989896044; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4611-1403
Brazil has a megadiversity that is still poorly known, particularly regarding wasps of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera) family. Even at a regional level, there is a scarcity of studies presenting inventories of genera or species, although such information is essential for a wise management of biodiversity. In this scenario, the present study aimed to identify Braconidae at the genus level through two approaches: molecular characterization (COI gene) and morphological characterization. For this purpose, Malaise traps were used during the first half of September 2021 in contiguous areas of semideciduous mesophytic forest, reforestation, silvopastoral system, and gallery forest, located in the municipality of São Carlos, São Paulo State. A total of 339 individuals was collected, and through morphological characterization, 47 genera were identified, distributed among 19 subfamilies. Additionally, the following characteristic measurements were calculated for the Braconidae community in the studied localities: dominance, abundance, and frequency indices, as well as the richness, diversity, and evenness of the collected genera. Molecular characterization enabled the identification of 49 specimens distributed in seven genera, five of which belonged to the subfamily Microgastrinae. Although both identification strategies have the same purpose and can be used together, it is concluded that the application of one or the other may be more convenient given the presented context. Subfamilies and genera better represented in COI reference sequence libraries tend to have a higher success rate in molecular identification, while other groups can be more easily identified by morphological characters. As a contribution to future research involving Braconidae diversity, new COI sequences were deposited in an international reference library (BOLD Systems) and a new species for Brazil was described.
A poeta e o cronista: as colunas femininas de Alfonsina Storni
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-30) Jaquier, Andrezza; Alves-Bezerra, Wilson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1602719736498812; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8818752822860221; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8571-9756
This dissertation presents a study on Alfonsina Storni's female columns published in the Buenos Aires press between 1919 and 1921. In the first column, Feminidades/ Vida Femenina, published in La Nota magazine, the poet Alfonsina Storni signed. In the second, Bocetos Femeninos, published in the newspaper La Nación, the columnist Tao Lao signed. From a critical and multiple theoretical perspective that considers gender relations and criticism as the main thread, this study seeks to understand Alfonsina Storni's writing in female columns, a marketing space targeted at wives, mothers, and consumers: how she wrote and what she put at stake in such specific spaces, what and how Alfonsina produced within and even with these limitations. Unlike the purely negative view of the ideological, sexist, and marketing limitations of female columns, this study reads the limits as a possibility for other inscriptions. Therefore, it investigates first the general and particular context of Alfonsina Storni, the representation and space of the woman writer in Argentine society at the beginning of the twentieth century, the specific literary trajectory, and the location and construction of female columns in the Buenos Aires press. In the second chapter, the study focuses on La Nota magazine and the female columns published by Alfonsina Storni, investigating the strategies of representation of being a woman in modernity. In the third, the study explores Alfonsina Storni's transition to La Nación newspaper, where the signature of Tao Lao is seen, and the dilution of gender stereotypes. Reflecting on the construction of the name and gender performance, the study aims to understand the literary and discursive work in the construction of Tao Lao: he is not just a mask, but a persona with a voice (specifically of a columnist) created for the female section.
Desenvolvimento de biocompósitos de poli(ácido láctico) e óxido de zinco modificado por plasma para aplicação em engenharia de tecidos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-30) Marega, Felippe Migliato; Pessan, Luiz Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8276650236213537; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8363-9122; Costa, Lidiane Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8246109223926480; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0280-6994; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5983132837426322; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1192-6754
The increase in the incidence of bone fractures and trauma with the aging of the population has been driving the development of materials for bone repair with better mechanical and biological properties. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop biocomposites of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and zinc oxide (ZnO) for 3D printing of scaffolds to be used in bone tissue engineering. The ZnO sur-face treatment technique by plasma was applied as an alternative to control the catalytic effects of ZnO on the degradation of PLA matrix. The PLA/ZnOAM bio-composites functionalized with maleic anhydride (MA), with different treatment times, were processed using an internal mixer, and rheological analysis and 3D printing of scaffolds were carried out. The scaffolds were characterized for their microstructural, thermal, and biological properties. It was observed that the in-crease in ZnO promotes a decrease in viscosity and the ratio between elastic and viscous components of biocomposites. However, the presence of the surface functionalization of the ZnO made it possible for the viscosity to remain closer to pure PLA. Mechanical analysis showed that ZnOAM biocomposites presented the required elastic modulus for bone application, unlike the untreated samples. Additionally, PLA/ZnOAM scaffolds showed higher cell viability when compared with those obtained from composites without surface treatment of the filler (PLA/ZnO), but bioactivity was higher in the untreated samples. In summary, the particle functionalization with maleic anhydride presented itself as a possible technique for controlling degradation of PLA matrix by ZnO, enabling the devel-opment of scaffolds with mechanical and biological properties with high potential for application in bone tissue engineering.
Análise de ocorrência de bolhas no mercado futuro de café arábica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-30) Rocha, Áquila; Cruz Júnior, José César; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0086426315229286; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1773-4647; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3369379283974010
The Covid 19 pandemic claimed thousands of lives and impacted the global economy. To better understand this impact, the present work sought an asset that exemplified the changes that occurred in the financial market during the period, finding in Café Arábica an asset of global relevance, which fulfills the proposed objective. The work was conducted in two stages, the first stage being the research through a systematic review of the literature that sought robust and reliable methods for identifying price bubbles in commodities, finding these characteristics in the variations of the econometric test "ADF". In the second stage, the study uses the “Backward Sup Augmented Dickey-Fuller” (BSADF) test to perform an analysis of the occurrence of bubbles in the Arabica Coffee futures market between the years 2014 and 2021. The results show a large increase in intensity and duration of bubbles during the Covid-19 pandemic period (2020 and 2021). The analysis also suggests the possibility of a substantial increase in the duration and intensity of price bubbles in commodity assets from the year 2011 onwards. The result makes a significant contribution to the existing literature and provides advisory material to professionals who work directly or indirectly in the financial market.
A educação especial na formação docente em geografia nas universidades públicas paranaenses: uma análise documental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-30) Oliveira, Maryane Teixeira Jacob de; Campos, Juliane Aparecida de Paula Perez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3169299095370522; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0789-808X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2257800560215629; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6736-4798
The inclusion of Special Education Target Public Students (PAEE) in the common school provokes reflections about the training and performance of teachers of the different degrees. Thus, we raise the following question: Is the area of Special Education being contemplated in the political-pedagogical project and in the curricular organization of the Degree courses in Geography of the Public Institutions of Higher Education (IES) of the state of Paraná? Thus, the general objective was to analyze the training of teachers in undergraduate courses in geography with regard to the propositions of special education in the inclusive perspective. This research has a qualitative approach of documentary character. A total of 15 courses were investigated, nine from state and two federal institutions, distributed throughout the territory of Paraná. The following steps were followed: selection of documents, exploratory reading of the files and application of the documentary analysis script. The collected data were organized and analyzed using the technique of content analysis with the pre- and post-defined categories. The data showed that the teaching model presented by most of the courses is based on the DCNs, in which we identified a teacher capable of working considering the diversity in teaching. Despite this, we note that the textual structure of PPPs presents little or no discussion in relation to the contents of special education. The data of the curricular components showed that the minimum of disciplines and contents required by law on special education is offered, which conflicts considering the formative model that the courses propose to form. We also perceive the rupture of the specific knowledge of geography with the pedagogical knowledge that underlies the formation in licensure, which may not contribute to a teacher training adequate to the context of an accessible education. This demonstrates that the absence of didactic-pedagogical in undergraduate courses will cause special education to remain segregated in the formative curriculum.
Ancestralidad Indígena: desvelando la vida, muerte y renacimiento de los pueblos de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-30) Perilla, Viviana Marcela León; Magalhães, Lilian Vieira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8695787131933459; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3666-3685; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2136369629376568; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2323-921X
The literature related to palliative care and indigenous populations generally reports the experiences of first peoples from the northern hemisphere, addressing topics such as dying outside their lands, traditional care, ceremonies, and rituals after death. This material does not always focus on occupations that refer to the affirmation of life or the preparation for death in indigenous communities in Latin America, especially in Colombia. Thus, this study aims to describe the occupational processes at the end of life of Colombian indigenous communities in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. It seeks to reveal the appreciation of non-Eurocentric palliative care, in the construction of individual and collective meanings of the Kankuamo and Arhuaco peoples around the processes of death, dying and mourning. Under a decolonial positionality, community contemplation, alternative conversation and configurative reflection are integrated as guiding actions that accompany native science, using Tejido/Yarning, as a resource based on respect, freedom, reciprocity, specificity, inclusion and cultural safety. Through seven purposes: therapeutic, social, family, intercultural, investigative, collaborative and relational, feelings were woven with the Mayoras, spiritual authorities (Mamus, Akumama), bereaved families and indigenous children. Themes related to care in the face of the processes of death were intertwined; the cosmological origin of death and its payments; postmortem ancestral ceremonies such as "seeding" and "eysa/mortuoria"; the reframing of pain in the face of loss; ways of intercultural learning about death and dying; as well as Mother Earth, spirituality and religion, reflecting on the meanings of their collective, ancestral and traditional memories toward the end of life. Thus, the study can be a contribution to history and intercultural dialogues, to broaden the understanding of health professionals, notably occupational therapists, about the culturally safe occupational dimension of death, dying and mourning based on the feelings and actions of indigenous communities.