Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2023-08-29"

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Rastreio da sarcopenia e fraqueza muscular respiratória em idosos hospitalizados em um Hospital Universitário do interior de São Paulo - uma contribuição para a intervenção da fisioterapia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Silva, Ana Caroline Simões
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0104886088821769
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Garcia-Araujo, Adriana Sanches
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9817699180689065
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6491-6240
With the increase in longevity in recent years, the association of comorbidities and clinical manifestations, such as frailty and sarcopenia, have acquired exponential importance, since with the aging process there is a gradual reduction in functional capacity, directly impacting quality of life of the elderly. In the context of hospitalizations, the loss of functionality and muscle strength is accentuated. In that In this sense, tracking the incidence of these conditions can provide support for specific intervention proposals for elderly people hospitalized with sarcopenia and muscle weakness, thus minimizing the losses caused by hospitalization in this population. Objectives: To evaluate the incidence of sarcopenia and respiratory muscle weakness in elderly people hospitalized at the University Hospital. Methods: Prospective, cross-sectional and observational study. Study prospective, transversal and observational. Hospitalized elderly people over the age of 60 were recruited. Functional performance was assessed by the 6-meter Gait Speed Test (MVT), respiratory muscle strength through manovacuometry using Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP), in addition to peripheral muscle strength using Palm Grip Dynamometry (HPP). In addition to collecting clinical, nutritional, comorbidity and cognitive status data. Results: 28 elderly people with a mean age of 71 ± 9 years were evaluated, 18 of whom were men (64.28%). The risk of sarcopenia was present in 51.57% of the elderly people evaluated, while the confirmation and severity of sarcopenia was observed in 4 elderly people, 14.28% of the total sample. Functional performance was low in 92.85% of the elderly and the majority had reduced peripheral and respiratory muscle strength when compared to predicted values. Furthermore, nutritional status showed a statistically negative correlation with sarcopenia and a positive correlation with HGS. Conclusion: In screening, the risk of Sarcopenia was present in more than half of the elderly people evaluated and confirmed in 4 elderly people. Furthermore, most elderly people have low functional performance and compromised nutritional status. Nutritional status was positively associated with handgrip strength and negatively associated with the risk of sarcopenia
Controle de Eleusine indica pelo herbicida pendimethalin sob diferentes quantidades de palha e após diferentes períodos de seca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Biazotto, Paulo Gabriel
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Monquero, Patricia Andrea
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2766526793830455
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9123-1861
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4514465923138081
In this work, the objective was to evaluate the effect of pendimethalin on Eleusine indica in different periods of drought and with different amounts of rain, in order to observe whether it would be an option in controlling this weed, which is already resistant to herbicides, such as glyphosate itself. The experimental design adopted was completely randomized, for each amount of straw, in a 5 x 4 scheme, with four replications, with 5 rain depth simulations (0, 10 and 20, 10/10 and 20/20 mm) and 4 periods of drought (0, 10, 20, 40 days after application), in addition to controls without application of the product. The herbicide pendimethalin was applied to straw or directly to the soil at a commercial dose of 1365 g a.i. ha-1. It was observed that the best control parameters were obtained when applied directly to the soil, with a dry period of 0 days. It was also assessed that in other dry periods the best behavior was with a rainfall depth of 20 mm.
Novos investidores pessoa física na bolsa brasileira e a regulação da CVM: uma análise entre 2013 e 2023
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Oliver, Jonathan Martins
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Carrara, Aniela Fagundes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2348376949393246
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3131-2344
Since mid-2018, the Brazilian capital market has witnessed a significant increase in the number of individual investors in the stock exchange environment. In light of this scenario, the present study aims to conduct a descriptive analysis of the profile of new investors in the Brazilian stock exchange environment and to evaluate the response of the Securities and Exchange Commission of Brazil (CVM) in the face of the growing interest of individual investors in the Brazilian capital market, particularly in the opportunities offered by the stock exchange. This is done in order to comprehend how the institution has been working to ensure an environment of stability and confidence. In pursuit of the stated objective, a bibliographical review will be conducted on the organization of the Brazilian National Financial System, highlighting the Securities and Exchange Commission, elucidating its functions and significance for the overall system. Furthermore, a theoretical foundation will be established concerning market efficiency and the importance of information, alongside a descriptive analysis of the profile of the new investors. Additionally, a quantitative analysis of qualitative data will be structured, pertaining to the CVM regulations regarding these new investors. One of the main outcomes obtained highlights the CVM's concern for the new investors, particularly regarding their access to appropriate and high-quality information.
Análise técnico-econômica da produção de hidrogênio via reforma a vapor do etanol para a síntese de amônia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Simionato, Arnaldo Agostinho
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Queiroz, João Paulo Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7316247674511327
The use of fossil fuels as opposed to the use of renewable sources or processes with lower environmental impacts is still guided, in general, by the lack of economically attractive solutions in the market to compete and justify applications with lower carbon emissions. In the context of the commitment to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases signed by the countries participating in the Paris Agreement, which aims to achieve, by the middle of this century, a maximum increase of 1.5°C in global temperature when compared to preindustrial averages, the need to change current energy matrices becomes evident. In this sense, several processes and new materials have been studied and, among them, hydrogen appears as an opportunity, given its importance, its volume produced and its main raw material, which is methane extracted from non-renewable natural gas deposits. In this way, the use of renewable sources to produce H2 allows obtaining an environmentally less aggressive chain of derivatives, such as the so-called “Green Ammonia”. In this work, a simulation was proposed, with the aid of the Aspen Plus® process simulator, of the steam reforming of ethanol from sugarcane to supply hydrogen to an ammonia production plant with the purpose of carrying out a technical analysis of the process, through thermodynamic and process simulations in which the temperature, the molar ratio between water vapor and ethanol and the operating pressure were varied, as well as a preliminary economic evaluation, in order to verify its feasibility when compared to the current methane steam reforming process. In short, it was found that the predominant reaction route in the Ni-Al lamellar double hydroxide catalyst used in this work involved a significant formation of methane in its intermediate reactions and, consequently, the yield of hydrogen formation in the reactions was conditioned to the balance of CH4 with the other species present in the reaction media. For the economic and process evaluation, three operating conditions that contemplated the particularities of H2 production addressed throughout the work were evaluated and the one with the lowest cost, whose value was USD4.55/kg H2, operated with the reformer at 900°C, 20 bar and molar ratio between steam and ethanol equal to 8. This production cost represents a value approximately twice as high as the cost of production via steam reforming of methane and this is mainly due to the cost of ethanol.
Materiais de comunicação não-violenta e educação socioemocional: prevenção de violência nas escolas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Aquino, Isadora Virgílio Tomaz de
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D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
The present research aimed to show and discuss two materials, one that addresses Non-Violent Communication (NVC) and the other about socio-emotional education, in order to understand how these two aspects help the violence prevention in schools. So, the research is characterized as a qualitative documentary research, based on five main authors. Through two studies, it was possible to identify that the practices of NVC and emotional education make it possible to promote a non-violent education, which, using daily socio-emotional skills in educational institutions, allows the reduction and prevention of violence in school settings, physical, verbal or psychological. It was concluded that, before teaching, the teacher should practice the emotional and NVC skills, so that they can help the student in their healthy development process, promoting non-violence.
Google style: os impactos do modelo organizacional flexível sobre os trabalhadores de uma empresa de TIC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Milhomem, Mariana Mundim
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Pires, Aline Suelen
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8860270341724853
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8606641937243043
From the 1970s onwards, the information technology revolution led to changes not only in the technological sphere, but also contributed to the configuration of new forms of social and economic relations. The emergence of a so-called “informational economy”, associated with a flexible accumulation regime, characterizes an era marked by commercial, technological and organizational innovation, with the restructuring of traditional industry. As a consequence of these paradigm changes, a less hierarchical and more creative work model was observed, with some freedoms and specific benefits. However, this transformation also brought with it a process of precarious work, with greater emphasis on flexibility, intensification of work and the introduction of new forms of control. These trends have contributed to reconfiguring the physical space of work, making the line between leisure and work increasingly blurred. In this sense, this research sought to understand, based on a qualitative analysis, how workers perceive and experience changes in flexible management forms inspired by Google's ideal model. In this way, a case study was carried out in a digital marketing agency in São Carlos, based on interviews based on a semi-structured script and applied to its workers, as well as visits to the company, which made it possible to draw up a profile of its workers and which their perceptions about this new management model, especially its impacts on their subjectivity and the management of the border between work and leisure.
A presença de metais pesados em produtos cosméticos e o papel do engenheiro químico nas boas práticas de fabricação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Melo, Jaqueline Aparecida de
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Ferreira Palhares, Adriana Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5736423072715628
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1783-1973
Various metals are found in nature. Some are essential for health, others are harmful. Heavy metals can be present in contaminated water, soil and food, resulting in health problems over the years. However, many people do not know that these metals can even be present in cosmetic products, such as skin creams, deodorants, lipsticks and other makeup, for example. They can be incorporated into cosmetic products with an established purpose or be found in the form of impurities. Normally, heavy metals do not cause serious symptoms the first time they come into contact with the body, but this is different in the long term. Due to their ability to accumulate in cells, they cause problems such as kidney changes, brain injuries, cardiovascular and reproductive complications, and may even be related to the incidence of cancer. In Brazil, ANVISA is the regulatory body responsible for defining and monitoring the maximum permitted limit of heavy metals in cosmetic products. As it is a very small amount, it is not necessary to include them in the product's ingredients list. Therefore, companies and laboratories must follow Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) standards to reduce the impact caused by these heavy metals, using only the maximum amount allowed and thus preventing contamination of consumers. The basic GMP requirements constitute an important field of activity for the chemical engineer. Therefore, this work seeks to survey the literature regarding the main heavy metals found in cosmetics, the consequences on consumer health and the environment. Describe techniques that identify and quantify their presence, current legislation, historical evolution and relevance of the cosmetics market in Brazil. Also, present the Good Manufacturing Practices for cosmetic products, the requirements for documentation, equipment, personnel, inputs and facilities, and the role of the chemical engineer in GMP. A case study will be presented to understand lipstick contamination by heavy metals. From the analysis of the lipstick production process and the raw materials used, it was found that the main origin of this contamination is in the pigments used. Concluding, then, that the use of Good Manufacturing Practices requirements regarding raw materials, required by ANVISA, are fundamental to mitigating this problem.
An initial investigation of ChatGPT unit test generation capability
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Guilherme, Vitor Hugo
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Vincenzi, Auri Marcelo Rizzo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0611351138131709
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5902-1672
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0080411869714148
Software testing plays a crucial role in ensuring the quality of software, but developers often disregard it. The use of automated testing generation is pursued with the aim of reducing the consequences of overlooked test cases in a software project. Problem: In the context of Java programs, several tools can completely automate generating unit test sets. Additionally, there are studies conducted to offer evidence regarding the quality of the generated test sets. However, it is worth noting that these tools rely on machine learning and other AI algorithms rather than incorporating the latest advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs). Solution: This work aims to evaluate the quality of Java unit tests generated by an OpenAI LLM algorithm, using metrics like code coverage and mutation test score. Method: For this study, 33 programs used by other researchers in the field of automated test generation were selected. This approach was employed to establish a baseline for comparison purposes. For each program, 33 unit test sets were generated automatically, without human interference, by changing Open AI API parameters. After executing each test set, metrics such as code coverage, mutation score, and success rate of test execution were collected to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of each set. Summary of Results: Our findings revealed that the OpenAI LLM test set demonstrated similar performance across all evaluated aspects compared to traditional automated Java test generation tools used in the previous research. These results are particularly remarkable considering the simplicity of the experiment and the fact that the generated test code did not undergo human analysis.
Ampliação de unidade de conservação através da doação de propriedade privada como compensação de reserva legal: estudo de caso do parque estadual Carlos Botelho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Nilson, Fernanda Elise
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Scarascia, Pietro de Oliveira
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Toppa, Rogério Hartung
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0673898572494729
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1637-2840
The present undergraduate thesis seeks to report and describe, through a case study, the process of expanding the Carlos Botelho State Park by donating a private property as a form of compensation for Legal Reserve. In the scope of exploratory research, references to cases of expansion of Conservation Units were consulted, as well as sources that allowed establishing the relationship between compensatory measures and the management of Conservation Units, analyzing these facts from the perspective of three issues existing in Conservation Units considered by the study: geographic isolation, lack of land tenure regularization, and PADDD events. The examination of the judicial process, specifically addressing this case, and interviews conducted with some individuals involved, allow for a more detailed understanding of the theme and the analysis of various opinions from different perspectives. The results obtained from this data collection show all the procedures and legislation underlying this initiative, aiming to provide a foundation for the replication of the process, contributing to the management of protected areas and the promotion of environmental policies. It was also possible to identify the main difficulties and deficiencies in Brazilian legislation, particularly regarding Legal Reserves, highlighting the need to standardize legal procedures that allow for the regularization and expansion of protected areas with greater ease and technical foundations. The investigation of the legal bases and the judicial process on this case provides a replicable roadmap, reinforcing the idea of the need for strategic planning to connect the forest landscape, promoting biodiversity preservation and environmental sustainability in different locations. In this way, it emphasizes the feasibility and benefits of similar strategies for the environment.
Análise comparativa entre técnicas de aprendizado de máquina aplicadas para a predição de preços de produtos hortifrutícolas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Godinho, Rodrigo Lemos
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Valejo, Alan Demétrius Baria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9546164790189830
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9097860814221584
Family farming is characterized as any form of land cultivation managed by a family, employing its own members as the main labor force. Most agricultural establishments in Brazil fit this definition, however, the area occupied by these farmers and the available resources are much smaller compared with that of large agricultural companies. With limited area and resources, it is extremely important that small farmers are able to optimize their production to ensure the sustainability of their business. The objective of this work is to study and compare the performance of different machine learning techniques in the task of predicting time series of horticultural products prices for short term periods, in order to help small farmers to negotiate a fair price for their merchandise. From the results obtained by the induced models, it was possible to conclude that the Random Forests, Support Vector Regression and Long Short-Term Memory techniques have a similar performance in the task of predicting prices of fruits and vegetables. In addition, the models have the potential to be used as tools capable of assisting producers when selling their merchandise.
Diversidade genética e fenotípica em ‘Flying Dragon’ (Poncirus trifoliata var. monstrosa (T. Ito)) micropropagado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Baptista, Leticia Zonta
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Cristofani-Yaly, Mariângela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7829946393687571
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0283-989X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1736490256375888
Brazilian citriculture is of great importance in world agribusiness since 41% world’s orange production comes from national orchards. With the entry of HLB into orchards, new strategies are needed to avoid loss of productivity, such as high density. Due to the high demand of plants and low supply of seeds, micropropagation of citrus rootstocks is an alternative in the production of seedlings, as it allows clonal mass production in a reduced space, not depending on seeds and eliminating the need to discard germinated zygotic embryos. However, after undergoing continuous stress exerted by tissue culture and high concentrations of growth regulators, the material may show (epi)genetic and/or phenotypic changes, called somaclonal variation. These changes can be characterized as morphological, physiological, and molecular, showing changes in the ploidy level that can be identified by molecular markers and flow cytometry. The objective of this work was to study the possible morphological and phenotypic plant variation of 100 'Flying Dragon' plants submitted to the micropropagation process for more than two years and 25 subcultures in WPM culture medium and 100 plants originating from seed. For the morphological characterization, evaluations of color, leaf margin, presence of thorn, measurement of height and diameter of stem and leaf area were performed. For the genetic characterization SSR molecular markers and flow cytometry were used. 30 pairs of microsatellite primers, previously developed, were used in 100 micropropagated plants, 5 plants produced by seeds and compared to 3 FMVI plants. For cytometry, were used 100 micropropagated plants, 100 plants produced by seeds and compared to the 3 plants that provided initial plant material according to the availability of leaf material. The morphological results were uniform between samples and between origins compared to the source plant. Twenty-seven SSR markers amplified fragments, 19 (70%) allowed the visualization of only one allele (DNA fragment) and 8 amplified two alleles. The size of the amplified fragments ranged from 100 to 200 bp. Flow cytometry analysis of 100 micropropagated plants and 100 seed plants showed mean values of nuclear volume of 171.43±8.99 for seed plants and 189.47±7.03 for micropropagated ones. The conclusion with these results is that the process of micropropagation by somatic organogenesis in 'Flying Dragon' plants after 25 subcultures in WPM culture medium is stable.
Alfabetização em tempos de BNCC: o que dizem professores e professoras alfabetizadoras?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Sigolo, Sthefany
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Sisla, Heloisa Chalmers
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9446133131561056
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5036391250518699
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https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7960-8647
The implementation process of Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) brought conceptual and structural changes to the literacy's cycle, reflecting on the teacher's concepts and practices. This research carried out an investigation into what literacy teachers say about literacy in BNCC, and aimed to analyse how literacy teachers understand, conceive and practice literacy, considering the implementation of the Base and the institutional contexts, curriculum policies and practical experiences that permeate it. The investigation was supported by the theoretical contributions of Soares (2006, 2009, 2021 a, b, c, d) and Mortatti (2010, 2013) on literacy, and of Gimeno Sacristán (2013, 2017) and Young (2007, 2014) about the curriculum. Therefore, a qualitative research was developed, whose data were collected from a documental analysis of the Base regarding literacy in the two first years of Elementary School, as well as the conduction of semi-structured interviews with literacy teachers who worked with literacies classes in the past five years in a peripheral public school in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo. In the results, regarding literacy, was observed a conceptual backward's movement of BNCC and, from the statements of the interviewees, stands out the little significant participation of the literacy teachers in the curriculum reformulation process, the self-reinterpretation that the teachers give to the curriculum in their literacys pratices, and the need of continuing education, institutional support and collective planning.
Glycos – Sistema IoT de monitoramento de glicemia e auxílio à prevenção e ao tratamento da Diabetes Mellitus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Marubayashi, Fernando Ogata
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Valente, Fredy João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8165518000687142
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2735-4787
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8651823061594110
Around 16.8 million according to the research done by the Internation Diabetes Federation. With this meaningful number in mid and utilizing concepts of Internet of Things (IoT) a device capable of measuring capillary blood glucose was created to assist with the treatment and self-care of people with DM or in states of pre-diabetes. The device also known as a glucometer also has the capability to connect itself to the internet though an integrated Wi-Fi module, which means that all measures are directly sent to a cloud server where the data can be kept in a database. The data consists not only of the blood sugar but also questions like "Have you been practicing physical exercise?" or "Are you taking the medicine correctly?" which allow an Artificial Intelligence technique to take place known as fuzzy logic. This technique is capable of predicting the glycemic levels based on past measures and the answers to the other questions, thus being able to say if there are chances of it raising, lowering or stabilizing. After the data treatment, the user along with their doctor and family members will have access to all the information though a Progressive Web App (PWA) that runs natively in the browser of any smartphone. With this easy-to-access data and a prediction made based on said data, the treatment and general service to patients with DM will be more agile, precise on the preventive measures and supply the medical staff with other point of views. Along the project, a number of tests were conducted in order to test the logic and quality of the system in a homologation process. The results prove that both the trend prediction and the system work well, and that it’ll be possible to move into tests with patients or real anonymous data in the future.
Narrativas de professoras negras na intimidade do ambiente escolar: desdobramentos da lei 10.639/03 em torno do saber docente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Pulhez, Elis Michele Romualdo
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Sousa, Maria do Carmo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6637658562543505
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5545018432248504
As a result of manifestations led mainly by black social movements, the mandatory teaching of African and Afro-Brazilian history and cultures became a reality in Brazil through the Law number 10.639/03; which covered all institutions of primary education. The present study aims to analyze the narratives of black female teachers working in a city located in the State of São Paulo, attempting to highlight knowledge built in the school environment, potentially facilitating a better understanding and applicability of the law 10.639/03. This study intend to answer the following question: How can the knowledge produced through the narratives of black female teachers explain how the law unfolds in the in Primary Education schools? We assume that the knowledge of black female teachers can contribute to the understanding of the law 10.639/03. Their knowledge help make the law more present, active and less folkloric in the school environment, particularly when it comes to black and marginalized bodies. To accomplish the purpose of the study, the researcher assumes that racial democracy is illusory in our country (Brazil). The erroneous and, perhaps, naive perspective of this phenomenon hinders and damages the understanding and the praxis of the referred law. In order to communicate with anti-racist education in schools it is initially understood that the regulations of educational institutions promote a differentiation of the expression of the black body of the student; relativizing whether such expressions are due to the oppression that such body faces articulated by the privilege of the body that is not black. Employing a qualitative research approach, this case study gather information through analysis of narratives, memories and knowledge (written and oral) of black female teachers shared with the researcher. A semi-structured questionnaire was further used to characterize the participants, contextualizing the collected information with the research goals. The analyzed information highlighted the relevance of the place of speech of the black individual in the school environment, whether as a student or educator. The narratives bring rich facts and feelings from trajectories that experienced oppression in diverse scenarios throughout their education, including watchful and powerful looks that illustrate racism to be fought in society with the contribution of the law 10.639/03. Thus, through the research, the content identified in the narratives demonstrate questions that are paramount for understanding the importance of the applicability of the law as a way to identify structural racism in the school environment, representativeness of black culture, importance of ethnic-racial relations, and the deconstruction of the current social standards, among other desired advent issues of the law 10.639/03. These questions exemplify the need for laws aimed at the current theme, making these contents benchmarks in the formation and development of human beings. Furthermore, the narratives served as inspiration for the researcher to develop an educational product that used "comic strip" as pedagogical tool. Beyond illustrating, leading and not interrupting the participants' speech, the product may become a pedagogical tool in the future to introduce and establish dialogues about the referred law and its aspirations in the primary education schools.
DNA barcoding de mamíferos atropelados da amazônia ocidental: um estudo em cutia, cutiara e paca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Aquino, Letícia Maria de
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Saranholi, Bruno Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7501155211183288
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8221-3557
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
DNA barcoding is a relatively recent method that allows for the molecular identification of a species from a molecular marker, based on the premise that each species has a unique sequence, which is a barcode sequence. For this, it is necessary to generate sequences from voucher individuals of each species, that is, sequences obtained from an individual that represents the species. The technique can be useful in cases where the morphological identification may not be enough to determine the taxonomy of the species, such as roadkill, where the loss of morphological characters occurs. Thus, the main objective of this study was to verify the use of DNA barcoding methodology in the identification of road-killed mammals on one highway in the Amazon, with emphasis on the Brazilian agouti (Dasyprocta leporina), red acouchi (Myoprocta acouchy) and lowland paca (Cuniculus paca). A total of 21 muscle tissue samples were collected from campaigns promoted by the Reconecta Project in the region of the BR-174 highway, which is located between the city of Presidente Figueiredo-AM and the border of the Roraima state, comprising part of the indigenous territory Waimiri Atroari. After extraction, samples were amplified by PCR using two protocols, which differ mainly in MgCl2 concentrations, primers (COI and 16SrRNA), and annealing temperature. PCR products were purified using polyethylene glycol and sent for Sanger sequencing. The obtained sequences were compared with reference sequences available in public databases. For the analyzed samples, despite several attempts to standardize amplification protocols for the COI gene based on the primers used, the success rate was very low, with only two successful amplified samples. The 16SrRNA gene proved to be an informative region to be used as a barcode for the studied species, obtaining 16 high quality sequences, four of which were identified as C. paca by BLAST tool. Despite the lack of 16SrRNA gene reference sequences for the studied species, phylogenetic analyses show three distinct groups that reflect the three studied species. Considering that there are knowledge gaps regarding the use of primers for the DNA barcoding technique in mammalian group, developing specific primers for taxonomic groups can be useful to increase the success in molecular species identification, especially in case of COI gene. The sequences generated here will be useful to contribute to reference sequence databases for species identification and conservation works carried out by the Reconecta Project.
Aplicação do biocarvão proveniente de resíduos de biomassas no tratamento de águas residuárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Gonçalves, Giovana Santana
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Ferreira Palhares, Adriana Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5736423072715628
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1783-1973
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0905794458058015
Wastewater encompasses all waters used in various processes and discarded with altered quality, including domestic, industrial, agricultural effluents, and infiltration waters. They may contain chemicals and microorganisms harmful to human health and ecosystems, requiring treatment to mitigate adverse environmental impacts. While basic sanitation in Brazil has advanced since 1970, a significant deficit in access to wastewater collection and treatment still persists. In this context, biochar has emerged as a promising and sustainable treatment alternative, since it has a porous surface similar to activated charcoal, but with lower energy consumption and costs. Biochar can be derived from carbonized biomass originating from solid waste and agricultural biomass. The objective of this study was to assess the applicability of biochar from diverse biomass sources in wastewater treatment, through a critical literature review. Studies involving biochars derived from orange peel, green coconut husks, beach almond leaves, woody plant residues, and sludge were highlighted. From the analyzed studies, it is evident that biochar generally yields favorable results in contaminant removal, such as 100% adsorptive capacity for pharmaceuticals and 46% removal of tartrazine. Furthermore, it was observed that the different biomass and pyrolysis conditions influences biochar's physicochemical properties, such as specific surface area, active functional groups, relatively structured carbon matrix, pH, and porosity. These properties are of great importance for the use of biochar in wastewater treatment, highlighting the importance of selecting the appropriate raw material for its production, according to the specific requirements of the intended application. Biochar can represent a sustainable, simplified, and cost-effective alternative for removing contaminants from wastewater, as evidenced by the use of orange peel-derived biochar, which repurposes a byproduct that would otherwise be discarded. However, it is important to encourage local income generation, foster startups, or establish internal departments within companies that intend to use biochar in effluent treatment or provide the product or service.
Educação em tempos pandêmicos: balanço da produção em periódicos do Brasil (2020-2021)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Santos, Isabella Rizziolli
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Corrochano, Maria Carla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7714353975585252
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8030-6461
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3891037253974531
The aim of this paper is to describe and analyze academic production in the field of education on the subject of the covid-19 pandemic, between 2020 and 2021, as a means of means of understanding the most prominent debates and discussions in academia on the subject topic. The methodology chosen for the research was a bibliographic review, carried out in Qualis Capes A1 and A2 journals in the field of education. From from the review, a total of 102 productions were found, which were grouped according to their central thematic axes. A total of 9 thematic axes were determined: Remote teaching: curriculum, practices, assessment and learning; meanings of school/education; differences/inequalities in the pandemic; Public/educational policies in times of pandemic; work perceptions of teachers/students; school and family; and negationism. The category was also created, which includes productions that could not be included in any of the most prominent themes. the most prominent themes. The results obtained from the survey show a great deal of interest in the themes of adapting pedagogical work to the new during the pandemic and on the terminology of distance learning modalities, but revealed a scarcity of productions discussing the effects of the pandemic on pandemic on students' learning and mental health.
Análise de metodologias e estratégias de testes de API rest: um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Fujiwara, Bruno Keichi
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Vincenzi, Auri Marcelo Rizzo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0611351138131709
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5902-1672
The present work aims to present an analysis of API testing types, their characteristics, and the importance of these tests to ensure API quality. In addition, the concept of Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) and how it can be applied in API testing will be addressed. Some tools that can be used to implement BDD in API testing will also be presented, as well as a comparison between BDD techniques and automated API testing. The results indicate that API testing is essential to ensure API quality, as it allows verifying if the application meets the specified requirements and is functioning correctly. The use of BDD in performing these tests brings several benefits, such as greater clarity in communication between developers and clients, increased efficiency in bug detection, and ease of test maintenance. Furthermore, the comparison between BDD techniques and automated API testing demonstrated that both are important, complementary and can be used together to obtain better results.
Entre memórias e afetos das infâncias: nós fronteiriços na análise na perspectiva dos estudos de gêneros e das sexualidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Vicentin, Douglas William Oliveira Knop
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1368-1883
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Mendonça, Viviane Melo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4827331651090223
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8584767248864353
We start from the premise that in childhood gender and sexuality norms play a central role in the production of children's subjectivities. The objective of this research was to analyze how childhood affections and resistance are constructed in dissidence of gender and sexuality norms through the narratives and memories of LGBT+ adults who live in the city of Sorocaba. The adopted methodology was thematic oral history. Four interviews were conducted in a hybrid format: online and face-to-face. The prerequisites for choosing the interviewees is that they should be people who recognize themselves and declare themselves on the frontier of gender/LGBT+ sexuality, over 18 years old and peripheral areas. Due to the covid-19 pandemic, we conducted three interviews online via the Google meet app with a maximum time of 120 to 180 minutes and one interview in person for the same amount of time. They are people between 22 and 45 years old, being a heterosexual trans man; A person with no gender designation who associates with men; A cisgender and homosexual man and a heterosexual trans woman. Among the four participants, one declares himself white, another brown and two black collaborators. In the narratives, it was possible to identify multiple strategies and affections invented by these four children in the so-called childhood stage, making it possible to subvert and signify them in a positive way. Each strategy produced by these bodies moved different affections in each experience and encounter, in a complex way and according to each brand, thus being the “us”, intrinsically marked by differences and specificities, even within the designation of the LGBT+ community.
Efeito de íons cálcio e magnésio na estabilidade térmica do domínio N-terminal da Hsp701A
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-29)
Tejada, Amanda Helena
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Pranchevicius, Maria Cristina da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4772148921558977
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Borges, Júlio Cesar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6033516785481779
Proteins are important for the homeostasis of organisms. For this to happen, they need to exist in their proper structure state and correct cellular location. In this context, it is given the importance of molecular chaperones of the Hsp70 family, proteins which are responsible for the quality control mechanism of protein folding, transport of them to cellular compartments, prevention of the formation of protein aggregates, among others. Therefore, defects in Hsp70 proteins may be related to several human pathologies, such as neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes and even some types of cancer. An important example of a member of this protein family is Hsp701A. This protein has two domains, the NBD, which binds to the nucleotides ATP and ADP, and the PDB, which binds to the client protein. In the present study, experiments were carried out to verify the biophysical and biochemical characteristics of the recombinant NBD of Hsp701A in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions and ATP and ADP nucleotides. For this, the protein in question was expressed by a recombinant bacterial system, purified by two chromatography steps and then analyzed. Thus, it was verified that Hsp701A_NBD was produced in its pure, monomeric, folded and catalytic active state. In this context, it was possible to verify that the presence of divalent ions did not cause a significant change in the secondary structural content of the domain. In addition, it was also noticed that ions and nucleotides cause suppression of fluorescence, indicating complex formation. Moreover, in the presence of Ca2+, there was a shift of fluorescence to a region of higher energy, an increase in the thermal stability of the protein and an increase in the catalytic activity of breaking down ATP into ADP and Pi. Furthermore, calcium acts on molecular chaperones of the Hsp70 family increasing the affinity of NBD for ADP, which results in a slower release of client proteins. Therefore, the biophysical, hydrodynamic and biochemical evaluations demonstrated that the Hsp701A_NBD domain was pure, monomeric, folded and catalytically active and that changes in the presence of Ca2+ were more pronounced.