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Educação Ambiental em espaços não-formais: estudo de caso do projeto Aprendendo com a Mata Atlânica (Itu-SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-03)
Marchi, Kelly
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Sulaiman, Samia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9850909737590184
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Lobo, Heros Augusto Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9405961078398915
This project analyzes how non-formal environmental education has contributed to formal environmental education in schools. The object of study focuses on the project Learning wit the Atlantic Forest, with activities to milieu analysis, being developed by the SOS Mata Atlântica Foudation since 2010 at the Forestry Research Center SOS Mata Atlântica - HEIENKEN Group, located in Itu, São Paulo. The time frame of the research is limited to the year 2022, with 11 teachers from 6 schools as subjects. This is a case study and the methodological data collection procedures involve bibliographic and documentary review and fieldwork in an action research approach. The results obtained indicate the relevance of studying the environment in the educational training of students and teachers regarding environmental education and, therefore, the potential of non-formal educational spaces such as the Experiment Center in this context. It is concluded, with this work, that the Learning with the Atlantic Forest project has interfaces with the milieu analysis, is recognized by teachers about the educational potential and encourages developments for actions at school, in order to highlight and strengthen the positive relationship and proposal between formal and non-formal environmental education.
A educação profissional e tecnológica brasileira sob a perspectiva da formação politécnica: da colônia à década de 2000
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-03)
Michelato, Rafael Augusto
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Lima, Emília Freitas de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5515637339275988
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4210385491987744
This study was carried out with the general aim of analyzing the history of Professional and Technological Education (EPT) in Brazil, from the colony to the 2000s, from the perspective of polytechnic training, in order to understand how professional education institutions were organized throughout history, what their pedagogical-social conceptions and functions were in the face of current national policy, as well as the contradictions inherent in the process of professionalizing the Brazilian working class. The research was limited to the historical period between colonial Brazil and the end of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's second administration. Developed from a qualitative approach, it was configured as bibliographical research, which, in a chronological narrative, described and analyzed the periods of the historical framework considered. The data revealed that over the centuries, Brazilian vocational education has been a space for conforming and submitting the lower classes to socio-economic interests and has been managed by the elites, with a depoliticizing and instrumentalizing function. Before the enactment of Law 11.982/2008, vocational and technological education was (in this order of occurrence): affiliated with hygienist conceptions; configured as an educational institution - houses of welcome, benevolence, correction; compulsory; and linked to the technicist paradigm. Following the enactment of the aforementioned law, the possibility of a polytechnic education for vocational and technological education students was introduced, with a view to building autonomy and awareness of the role they can play in society. The research enabled us to compare the history of EFA and its underlying concepts with the key concepts of polytechnics and work, understood from a Marxian and Gramscian perspective. The results showed that EFA, throughout the history of Brazilian education, has been directly linked to social class interests and capitalist development in Brazil. Furthermore, even though it has been updated over time, it has remained based on the concept of class domination and directly linked to social and racial prejudices. Movements to expand school levels and the conceptions of these institutions were linked to capitalist needs at the various stages of their development. Whether deliberately or not, governments have not confronted this problem, which has meant that the concept of polytechnics has not been effectively integrated into vocational and technological education in Brazil, at least until the historical limit considered in this research.
Alvenaria estrutural com blocos de concreto: propriedades mecânicas residuais de argamassas, grautes e prismas submetidos a altas temperaturas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-06)
Leal, Cleber Eduardo Fernandes
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Moreno Júnior, Armando Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5004049383694261
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7660-050X
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Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
The study of structural masonry under high temperatures is still initial in Brazil. Even internationally, little is known about the thermal and mechanical properties of masonry components when overheated. In the absence of a specific Brazilian standard, foreign guidelines are adopted by the technical community to check structural masonry in fire situations. However, its applicability is questionable, given that Brazilian materials have different characteristics of geometry and composition, in addition to the associated construction practices. Despite these differences, most international design/verification procedures are based on full-scale wall tests which, due to the lack of conveniently equipped laboratories, are not yet viable in our country. Therefore, a more feasible approach would be the correlation between test results, under high temperatures, of smaller models (blocks, prisms, small walls) and larger models (full-size walls), like what is done at room temperature. For that matter, this research aimed to determine the residual mechanical behavior of laying mortars, grouts, and prisms with two concrete blocks. There is no national, or even international, procedure for assessments of this nature in structural masonry prisms. The method used corresponded to an adaptation of that proposed by Medeiros, Parsekian and Moreno Jr. (2022) for the use of RILEM TC 200-HTC:2007 curves in structural concrete blocks. Were produced mortars with lime (conventional), lime-free (industrialized) and from three resistance classes (5, 10 and 20 MPa); grouts with 15, 25 and 35 MPa; prisms with two hollow and uncoated concrete blocks, varying block strength (6, 12, and 24 MPa), composition and strength of the laying mortar. All materials were subjected to low heating rates (4°C/min for mortars and 1°C/min for others) until they reached 200, 400, 600 and 800°C; kept for one hour at the respective temperatures; and cooled at the same rates to temperatures close to ambient. After cooling, the residual values of compressive strength and secant deformation modulus were obtained via destructive tests. The results showed that lime significantly interfered with the degradation of the mortars, especially after 400°C. The rehydration of the binder led to expansion, cracking, and greater reductions in the ordinary mixtures. Even with small amounts of lime, the grouts exhibited behavior consistent with residual normative curves for ordinary concretes (ACI/TMS 216-1:2014, EN 1992-1-2: Eurocode2: 2004) and those extracted from the literature. The confinement of the mortar joint led to a delay in the degradation of the prisms' mechanical properties. The cracking observed in the mortar specimens did not occur in the prism joints, regardless of the type of mortar and exposure temperature. The prism results were consistent with those of the blocks tested by Medeiros (2022). For all the materials tested, the drying modulus decreased early compared to the compressive strength. After 800°C, the property value became negligible. As a contribution, normalized mechanical property degradation curves were proposed for each material investigated.
Atuação bibliotecária em hospitais de ensino: um panorama da Região Centro-Oeste do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-06)
Mendes, Neide Trindade
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Dal'Evedove, Paula Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1170937498266968
The insertion of the librarian in the health context is increasingly necessary, not only to train users who are experts in health regarding the sources to be consulted, but in the guidance and delivery of reliable information, filtering, treating and also certifying the veracity of information that will be disseminated to end users. In this sense, the question arises what is the professional profile and working conditions of librarians who work in teaching hospitals in the Central-West region of Brazil? Therefore, we seek to present an overview of the professional profile and respective working conditions of clinical librarians working in teaching hospitals in the Central-West region of Brazil. This is an exploratory and descriptive study. As methodological procedures, bibliographical surveys were carried out using the bases of the Information Science Database (BRAPCI), Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO – Brazil), ENANCIB Annals and Portal de Capes periodicals. To collect data, we used a semi-structured questionnaire that was prepared via Google Forms, with a total of 20 questions, all anonymous and freely chosen in order to avoid bias in the answers. The results demonstrate that the majority of the 11 respondents identify themselves as information librarians and that the main difficulties in this niche of professional activity are related to the difficulty in understanding technical language; use appropriate information technology to organize and disseminate information; assess information needs in order to meet identified needs; master the sources of information in the area; carry out specializations and/or training; develop and manage information services and; provide support and training for users of the library or information service. In conclusion, the work of health librarians in the Central-West region is still incipient, and it is opportune to increase the supply of courses and specific training that trains librarian professionals who wish to work in the health context and in clinical environments.
Contaminação dos recursos hídricos por agrotóxicos: uma análise da precariedade do monitoramento e da inércia no combate
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-06)
Versolato, Anete
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Borsatto, Ricardo Serra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5988987575101933
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7594-479X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6121208457114811
Excessive pesticide use results in water pollution that is treated for human consumption. Data from the VIGIÁGUA system, available in SISÁGUA, are useful in assisting Health Surveillance agencies in managing health risks associated with treated water. This study aimed to investigate the states that use pesticides the most, such as Mato Grosso, São Paulo, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Goiás, and Minas Gerais, and the action plans or contingency plans to monitor pesticides in water intended for human consumption. The objective was to assess the monitoring of pesticides in water and identify gaps and potential improvements. Data for this exploratory study were collected from sources such as IBAMA, the Ministry of Health (MS), the Capes Periodicals Portal, and Scielo, as well as scientific articles and book chapters. Document analysis were conducted on the IBAMA and MS websites, reviewing spreadsheets with information on pesticides and water quality. The analysis period was from 2014 to 2021, during which pesticide levels in the water of states with the highest consumption were examined. In all states, there is quantification of values above or within the Maximum Permitted Value for the pesticide parameter. Health Surveillance agencies analyze these values individually, as the Ordinance 888/2021 does not establish a maximum limit for the total quantity of compounds in the water, only for each parameter. In some cities, the situation is more critical, as mentioned in the text, and in some states, the number of analyses conducted is insufficient, masking the true situation of the municipality. It was concluded that the actions of Health Surveillance agencies do not adequately consider chronic and multiple exposure to pesticides in water and that there is no uniformity in actions.
EIFuzzCND: uma estratégia incremental para classificação multiclasse e detecção de novidades em fluxos de dados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-06)
Bruzzone, Lucas Ricardo Duarte
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Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9561938938091496
The study addresses novelty detection in data streams, emphasizing the significance of this task in high-volume and high-velocity information environments. It proposes substantial improvements to the EFuzzCND algorithm, leading to the development of EIFuzzCND. These enhancements encompass an incremental approach, a reduction in dependence on true labels, and the implementation of the Incremental Confusion Matrix. Experiments validate the efficacy of EIFuzzCND across diverse scenarios, and result analysis underscores its capability to handle specific challenges, such as sudden concept shifts. The work contributes to advancing novelty detection in data streams by providing an innovative and practical approach, concluding with recommendations for future research.
Desenvolvimento de novas metodologias de acoplamento C-C e/ou C-N: mesclando ciência de dados e catálise metálica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-06)
Dantas, Juliana Arantes
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Ferreira, Marco Antonio Barbosa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6874055640224407
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-6691
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3791522544686206
The approach of statistical methods capable of accurately predicting the relationship between structure and reactivity represents a major impact on the development of reactions. Recently, machine learning tools have been guided and applied in synthesis design. In the context of the work described here, these methods provide rapid information and relevant estimates about the structure and respective activity of substrates that are summarized in structural descriptors that influence the desired activity. Here we list the main results obtained in the development and use of substrate parameterization in new methodologies. In the context of nucleopalladation reactions, we highlight Wacker-type reactions that employ carbonylation reactions of non-activated double bonds by CO capture in a palladium- catalyzed process. We present two new methodologies, one of them to obtain pyrazoline ester derivatives tolerant to different substitutions in strategic positions of the starting material as demonstrated by the scoping study. As well, a new methodology for obtaining pyrazolines with a ketone moiety using boronic acids which allowed access to structural diversity ketone derivatives not previously described guided by a virtual library of boronic acids. Analysis of the electronic and steric factors into the reactivity was fundamental for understanding the nucleophilicity necessary for boronic acids in the transmetalation step. In sequence, we report our efforts to integrate data science and computational chemistry tools to guide, predict and explain the reactivity of persistent radicals generated in the reduction of cyano-arenes in the electrophilic cross-coupling between cyano(hetero)arenes and alkyl halides. The selection of substrates was made from the construction of a virtual library of cyanoarenes via projection of the chemical space by UMAP based on the dimensionality reduction of DFT level physicochemical parameters, ensuring structural diversity in relation to the chemical space. A predictive univariate model could be generated by correlating an electronic parameter with yield.
Reliability analysis of repairable systems considering unobserved heterogeneity and competing risks
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-09)
Brito, Éder Silva de
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Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6780-2089
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
In repairable systems, the failure process defined by the failure intensity function can be impacted by three crucial characteristics: the type of repair performed after the failures occur, the underlying cause of the failure (competing risks) and the presence of unobservable factors acting on each failure time or on the system as a whole (unobserved heterogeneity). In particular, unobserved heterogeneity can be modeled by frailty models, well known in the reliability literature. However, the majority of existing studies in this domain assume only minimal repairs after failures, which is a highly restrictive assumption and not always applicable. There is, therefore, a theoretical gap to be explored encompassing frailty models that consider systems subject to both perfect and imperfect repairs and still subject to competing risks. The primary objective of this work is to present new parametric univariate and shared frailty models for multiple repairable systems, considering different types of repairs and a competing risks framework. These proposed models extend and generalize those already existing in the literature, as they account for perfect repairs and all possible failure memories within both the ARA$_m$ and ARI$_m$ classes of imperfect repairs. In this sense, they are models capable of simultaneously identifying the effect of the repairs actions and the presence of unobserved heterogeneity among failure times or among the systems under analysis. This characteristic holds substantial relevance in real-world situations, as a deeper understanding of the system's failure process can lead to improved preventive maintenance policies and reduced repair-related costs. In all proposed models, we assume that the initial failure intensity follows a Power Law Process and that the parametric frailty terms associated with failure times or systems follow a Gamma distribution. We employ a frequentist approach to construct the likelihood function for each model and suggest numerical methods for obtaining maximum likelihood estimators and their corresponding asymptotic confidence intervals. Additionally, we propose the use of Bayesian methodologies based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms as an alternative to the frequentist method. Simulation studies are conducted for each proposed model, and, finally, the methods presented are applied to real datasets.
O território usado e a saúde nas cidades pequenas: um estudo de caso sobre o Departamento Regional de Saúde de Sorocaba entre 2008 e 2018
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-09)
Pinto, Ronaldo Ramos
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Burgos, Rosalina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0430255108623706
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Silva, Edelci Nunes da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7229161630393268
Health has always been an extremely researched topic in various fields of knowledge. Among them, Geography of Health has sought to work on the relationship of health with the environment. This research follows the same line, as it sought to understand the distribution of hospitals by place of residence in the small towns of the Regional Department of Health of Sorocaba (DRS) and to compare them with the territory uses existing in these cities. The work was based mainly on the concept of territory used. In the analysis of the 35 small cities that fall within the present proposal, it was found that those included in the Sorocaba Metropolitan Region have greater influence on the industrial dynamics and have lower rates of internment. By contrast, cities that are not in the metropolitan dynamics have been characterized by a dynamic of the uses of the territory focused on the area of services and in the field of agricultural production and lead the ranking in the number of hospitals.
Planejamento da paisagem urbana visando a implantação de corredor ecológico entre os dois maiores fragmentos florestais do município de Campinas, a Mata de Santa Genebra e a Mata Ribeirão Cachoeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-09)
Martins, Sabrina Kelly Batista
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Toppa, Rogério Hartung
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0673898572494729
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1637-2840
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Martines, Marcos Roberto
Forests in the Atlantic Forest biome are increasingly rare, due to some degration factors that affect forest areas, such as, the uncontrolled urban areas expansion, agricultural and industrial activities, illegal deforestation, animal trafficking and the introduction of exotic species. One of the strategies to reduce the effects of fragmentation, increase the availability of resources and maintain ecological processes is to increase landscape connectivity through recovery actions, aiming to facilitate the flow of organisms among the remnants. Thus, the present study aims to plan the landscape in order to support the implementation of an ecological corridor among the two largest forest remnants of the Municipality of Campinas, the Area of Relevant Ecological Interest Mata de Santa Genebra and the Mata do Ribeirão Cachoeira. Land cover and usage mapping was carried out through visual interpretation of satellite images at a scale of 1:5.000, with the survey being carried out at a scale of 1:2,500, which resulted in a classification of 18 use classes. The species Puma concolor (cougar) was chosen as the target species for developing a connectivity scenario. To construct the corridor proposal, a buffer of 50 meters was created on each side of the chosen connectivity lines, totalizing 100 meters in width. The proposed corridor has an area of 248.86 ha, and taking into consideration the area of the priority remnants that are connected by it, the area adds up to a total of 1.783,49 ha. Validation of the corridor was carried out using trap cameras installed at 5 points along the proposed corridor, with the main species recorded being Puma concolor, Cuniculus paca and Caluromys philander.
Processos de subjetivação no discurso religioso de matriz africana em textos de Jorge Amado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-09)
Castejon, Mariângela
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Dinis, Nilson Fernandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9901790534758296
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8596-1577
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0655481467765550
This work starts from the foundation that there are educational processes in religious discourse. In this way, we consider that teaching and learning are made possible by rituals, actions, symbolization and meanings of identity, cultural and historical-social processes that permeate literary discursivity. Also, that religious discursive formations are organized and are present in literary discursivity, constituting meanings in the movements in and of history, in the composition of the subjects of the discourse and their identities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze, through subjectivation and objectification practices, the subjectivities that involve the voices that emerge in the religious discourse of African origin in the works Jubiabá, Mar morto and Tenda dos Milagres, by Jorge Amado, specifically in the terreiros de Candomblé and places of residence of the characters described in the mentioned works. To do so, we adopted discourse analysis procedures from the Foucaultian perspective, featuring a qualitative methodology, based on a proposal by Rosa Maria Bueno Fisher, through our analyses, we were able to verify that the silencing and subjectivities produced in the communities described are marks of historicity that flow and underline resistances and struggles that preserve values and demarcate ethnic, cultural statements, manifestations of faith and belonging of the subjects characters of the Amado’s literary works, starting from four different perspectives: educational processes, socialpolitical, female profiles and religiosity.
Surdez em linhas de fuga: políticas de subjetividades outras na educação inclusiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-10)
Monti, Luísa Leôncio
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Martins, Vanessa Regina de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4768682330164550
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-293X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3519999475085077
The various obstacles imposed on the implementation of the inclusive education have made its effective implementation impossible. As a thesis, I assume that the subjecting violence manifests itself in the inclusive context, through normative logic, activated in the classification and categorization of disabled bodies and their affections. This movement weakens plural forms of life and, therewith, to maintain singularities, some bodies rise up, establishing resistance through lines of flight. In this sense, I aimed to map the practices of (non) violence in inclusive education composed of molar, molecular and lines of flight that act in the production of subjective marks in the deaf ethos. This is a cartographic research, based on a paradigmatic case, carried out in a school unit located in the interior of the state of São Paulo, in the high school stage. In school cartography, I problematized the practices of deaf subjectivation arising from the relations of knowledge and power produced in school discursive practices. I turned to the internal and capillary productions of/in the school, through the eyes of the deaf person, as well as about their insertion in inclusive educational practices. The field research took place on two fronts: observations in the school territory, with entries in a field diary and an interview, as a cartographic procedure. We opted for a cartographic analysis, conceptually based on the philosophies of difference. The theoretical reference came from Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze, and Félix Guattari. Were identified, interspersed with the narrative of the life poem, four molar lines (linguistic, physical space, affective and symbolic-religious violence) and four molecular lines (non-violence of the encounter, of being queer, of being umbandista, and other deafness), which guided the discussions. It is believed that the research contributes to recognizing aspects that lead to violence and non-violence in the constitution of subjectivity during the school trajectory of deaf people. In view of the signs found, there is a way of existence, a pragmatic of singularity in the life-poem, and that their voices/experiences in common rooms and the inclusive school stand as local knowledge that resists and announces more ethical practices in favor of differences made along lines of flight.
Desenvolvimento de compósito de HDPE verde com hidroxiapatita e união com Ti6Al4V através de sobremoldagem por injeção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-10)
Morozo, Mario Augusto
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Fiori, Márcio Antônio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8793913102689273
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4292-2068
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Canto, Leonardo Bresciani
This thesis addresses the development of a composite of green high-density polyethylene (G-HDPE) and hydroxyapatite (HA), compatibilized with high-density polyethylene functionalized with maleic anhydride (HDPE-g-MAH). It further explores the hybridization of this nanocomposite onto a Ti6Al4V - ELI alloy through injection overmolding, focusing on biomedical applications. The study involved the synthesis (precipitation in aqueous medium) and characterization (XRD, XRF, particle size distribution, and SEM) of hydroxyapatite, extrusion and injection molding, mechanical (tensile and impact), thermal (DSC), microscopical (SEM), and in vitro biological characterization of the composites. The results were evaluated using design of experiments (DOE), analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tukey test. The composite containing 30 wt% of HA and 30 wt% of HDPE-g-MAH (relative to the HA content in the composite) showed a good balance of mechanical properties, nearly negligible hemolysis percentage, and a mass increase of 8% during the hydrolytic degradation test. The hybrid joint of the composite with the optimized composition, injection molded onto Ti6Al4V, showed good interfacial anchoring, resulting in outstanding shear strength (3 MPa) and fatigue life (> 106 cycles). This multi-material approach has provided subsidies for the advanced manufacture of biomedical devices with optimized mechanical and biological properties, exploiting efficient processing techniques.
Obtenção de nanocelulose de palha de cana-de-açúcar com diferentes teores de lignina residual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-10)
Almeida, Gabriela Fornaziero de
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Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9985-190X
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Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli
Brazil stands out for its high production of sugarcane. This production generates a significant amount of byproducts, such as sugarcane straw. Due to its high cellulose content, converting straw into nanocellulose can be a promising alternative to add value to such a side-stream. Recent studies have shown that producing nanocellulose with residual lignin is a sustainable alternative to modify its surface properties. Residual lignin reduces the hydrophilicity of the nanocellulose, improves its compatibility with hydrophobic polymers and increases its thermal stability. Given the growing interest in the study of lignin-containing nanocellulose (L-NC) and the possibility of using sugarcane byproducts for this purpose, this work aimed to obtain L-NC from sugarcane straw with different residual lignin contents to investigate the effect of lignin on the thermal, morphological, surface, and structural properties of nanocellulose. The lignin content in the straws was varied by bleaching with chlorine dioxide under two conditions of reaction time and amount of bleaching chemicals. Three types of L-NC were produced using sulfuric acid hydrolysis from three biomass samples, namely: unbleached straw (U), mildly bleached straw (MB), and severely bleached straw (SB). The resulting lignin contents were 17.3 ± 0.3% for US, 14.7 ± 0.3% for MB, and 4.6 ± 0.8% for SB. Higher yields were observed for the L-NC obtained from bleached straws, which are purer in terms of cellulose. Atomic force microscopy confirmed the isolation of cellulose nanocrystals and nanofibers, regardless of the bleaching severity. Finally, lignin was found to increase the thermal stability of nanocellulose while reducing its crystallinity index, and colloidal stability. Its width and hydrophilicity did not vary significantly.
Thermodynamics of the Ramsey Zone
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-10)
De Assis, Rogério Jorge
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Diniz, Ciro Micheletti
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Almeida, Norton Gomes de
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Villas-Bôas, Celso Jorge
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7703787869253387
Previsões de preço de criptomoedas utilizando algoritmos de Aprendizado de Máquina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-10)
Nordi, Victor Hugo Werneck
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Cantão, Renato Fernandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3016268479248046
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1825035215515061
Cryptourrencies are decentralized digital currencies created with the intent of replacing traditional forms of payment. Their high volatility is one of the aspects that causes distrust among investors. Artificial Intelligence based on Machine Learning algorithms can be an invaluable tool to analyse this characteristic, helping to predict prices. In this sense, this project’s goal is to use algorithms implemented in Python — Support Vector Machine and Long Short-Term memory — alongside convenient performance metrics such as mean squared error, mean absolute error, maximum error and R^2 to assess their price prediction capabilities in face of such randomness.
Obtenção de nanomateriais de celulose contendo lignina residual a partir da madeira de seringueira e sua aplicação em filmes nanocompósitos com caseína
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-11)
Silva, Maycon Jhony
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Martins, Maria Alice
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5449448657729439
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6416-6929
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Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli
In light of the escalating global population and the mounting environmental concerns, the quest for sustainable and renewable solutions has emerged as a paramount focus in scientific exploration across diverse fields. Plant-derived fibers stand out as a compelling sustainable option for fabricating materials due to their intriguing physical and mechanical attributes. Within this context, this study aimed to optimize the production of cellulose nanomaterials featuring varying lignin concentrations sourced from rubber tree wood fibers, and to explore their application in nanocomposite films. In the initial phase, fibers with distinct lignin compositions (15.3%, 6.7%, and 3.1%) underwent acid hydrolysis at differing reaction durations (45 minutes, 75 minutes, and 120 minutes) to yield cellulose nanomaterials with residual lignin (LCNCs). Subsequently, the study assessed the impact of integrating LCNCs, possessing both higher and lower lignin contents, along with commercially available cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), into a casein (CA) matrix. The chemical treatments demonstrated remarkable efficacy, resulting in LCNCs with an average diameter below 4.1 nm, showcasing a high Crystallinity Index (I.C. > 70%), and achieving a reaction yield surpassing 50% across all evaluated reaction durations. Additionally, LCNCs exhibiting higher lignin content displayed notable colloidal stability (> -40.0 mV). The resultant nanocomposite films exhibited a superior I.C. compared to the pure CA matrix (34%), presenting as transparent, uniform, and easily manipulable films. The incorporation of LCNCs amplified the contact angle (θ >82.5°), enhancing the films' hydrophobic characteristics. Furthermore, films integrated with commercial CNCs and LCNCs with elevated lignin content exhibited a significant increase (p<0.05) of approximately 45% and 40%, respectively, in tensile strength (TS). Additionally, there was a 20% and 23% enhancement in the modulus of elasticity (EM) compared to the pure CA matrix. This research delineated a precise methodology for producing lignin-infused cellulose nanomaterials, promisingly valorizing rubber tree biomass residues. Moreover, it underscored the potential of integrating these materials into the casein matrix, yielding films endowed with exceptional properties, thus fostering diverse applications.
Bancos comunitários como adequação sociotécnica financeira: uma análise crítica ante o potencial de autossustentabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-11)
Retamiro, Wiliam
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Molina, Wagner de Souza Leite
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5939243693407420
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3855-7416
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Machado, Maria Lúcia Teixeira
Community Development Banks (BCD) have become an important instrument for the expansion of Solidarity Finance through microcredit, largely due to the public policies that have been offered since the creation of the National Secretariat for Solidarity Economy. With the rise of ultra-liberal governments and detached from a progressive perspective after the 2016 coup, support ceased, causing the failure of these instruments characterized as Sociotechnical Adequacy (AST), originating from the production of science from social movements. of solidarity finance, which is a way of producing knowledge, therefore aims at the social appropriation of knowledge through sociotechnical inclusion, defended by the CTS field of studies. Therefore, the research analyzed the potential for financial self-sustainability of the BCD under the hypotheses of possible fundraising directly from potential investors, in order to provide and redeem the productive function of money. For this purpose, there are legal instruments such as D11646 and the PLP 93 /2007 which may enable direct fundraising by BCD. To verify this hypothesis, the study was carried out through field research with the application of questionnaires to two distinct groups: (i) BCD management team and (ii) potential joint financial investors in BCD. After data collection was carried out, they were initially treated by descriptive statistics and later by cross-analysis, through which partnerships consistently revealed the potential for capturing the target audience of the BCDs researched. However, the absence of management instruments undermines the reliability of investment returns, with Economic Science researchers playing an important role in the construction of these resources. Such conditionality results indicate, in addition to the possibility of social impact savings, the need for a repositioning regarding the management of the BCD, using internal management indicators, to maintain selfsustainability without losing the basic principle of the economy solidarity, which is a specific way of humanizing the economy. From the perspective of the CTS field, it was noted that Community Banks, as an AST, are instruments that provide a way to do science in an engaged way, with a view to social movements of solidarity finance, as well as promoting the appropriation social knowledge.
Prática corporal em tempos de pandemia sobre olhares das professoras da educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-15)
Pinheiro, Rosa Aparecida
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Campos, Sheila Garbulha Tunuchi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6292207464385037
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3046042793246183
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4910-4842
O artigo foi tencionado a partir de um recorte da pesquisa de mestrado, realizada durante o período de ensino remoto, devido à pandemia de COVID-19, que investigou como as professoras da educação infantil perceberam a participação das famílias na aplicação de atividades que envolvem o corpo das crianças. Foram utilizados para coleta de dados questionário e entrevista narrativa e análise qualitativa. Os resultados indicaram que a comunidade escolar teve que repensar suas abordagens de ensino, com destaque para a importância das práticas corporais. A participação das famílias e as estratégias pedagógicas foram fundamentais no sucesso das atividades e no subsequente retorno das crianças ao ensino presencial. No entanto, nem todas as famílias aderiram completamente às propostas, evidenciando desafios na educação remota. O estudo apresentou deficiências na formação de professores e destacou a relevância do movimento corporal no ensino infantil durante a pandemia e a importância da colaboração das famílias
Magnetic fields as a tool to control superconducting devices
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-16)
Chaves, Davi Araujo Dalbuquerque
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Ortiz, Wilson Aires
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0241177338066307
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-0979
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Motta, Maycon
The quantum nature and dissipation-free flow of electric currents in superconducting materials have taken a central role as technological developments push forward the necessity of new methods for processing and dealing with the amount of information generated by modern consumption patterns. To enable such superconducting technologies, it is necessary to understand the underlying Physics dictating the behavior of superconductors, unveiling or allowing to control phenomena useful for applications. Due to its intrinsic relationship with the superconducting state, applied magnetic fields emerge as natural candidates for manipulating the properties of superconducting materials. These ideas motivated the research conducted in the context of this thesis, which is structured as a collection of studies in which different superconducting systems are subjected to magnetic fields, aiming to investigate and control their behavior. In the first set of results presented, the temperature of a plain Nb thin film is reduced under different magnetic field cooling conditions. Then, flux penetration patterns are studied by magneto-optical imaging (MOI). The results demonstrate how the applied field spatial distribution and direction influence the ability of a superconducting device to transport electrical currents without dissipation, without the need for any complex nanofabrication steps. Such influence is due to the emergence of different trapped flux configurations in the superconductor, either facilitating or hampering further magnetic flux penetration, effectively reducing or increasing the effective maximum current the film can carry in the superconducting state. It is true, however, that for most applications in superconducting technology, nanofabrication is required, in some cases demanding the creation of regions of suppressed superconductivity called weak-links. A different study investigates normal and superconducting state properties of Nb films patterned with a single weak-link fabricated by focused ion beam (FIB) milling. The investigation quantifies the suppression of superconducting properties and the modification of the normal flow of electrons, finding that these are linked by the degree of impurities introduced by the nanofabrication. One interesting effect is the emergence of a local peak in the magnetic field-dependent magnetization of the patterned samples. In a separate work, we employ MOI to investigate these specimens under applied fields near such local peak. This study reveals that the patterned films undergo a behavior transformation from a weak-link to a strong-link, enabling more current to flow between the unpatterned Nb regions. Quantifying the MOI data allows us to understand the flux dynamics responsible for the peak effect. In a different study, the properties of a dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) presenting two parallel weak-links comprised of asymmetric constrictions of a superconducting amorphous MoGe film were investigated. It is possible to influence the behavior of such devices by modifying their geometry. The study demonstrates how understanding the relationship between the device and applied magnetic fields and currents allows preparing the SQUID in multiple energy states, readable at the same field value, thus allowing its use as a multilevel memory element. Finally, we aim to consolidate MOI as a reliable tool to quantitatively study the behavior of superconducting films under ac magnetic fields. For that, we investigate the independence of the thermomagnetic history on the ac magnetic susceptibility response of an amorphous MoSi film. This study relies on the possibility of emulating ac effects by cycling an applied dc field. The results are successfully compared with standard SQUID-based magnetometry while taking advantage of the local spatial resolution of MOI to reveal the quantitative behavior of individual flux avalanche events and the presence of zones of flux annihilation at interfaces between positive and negative flux regions.