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EIFuzzCND: uma estratégia incremental para classificação multiclasse e detecção de novidades em fluxos de dados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-06) Bruzzone, Lucas Ricardo Duarte; Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9561938938091496
The study addresses novelty detection in data streams, emphasizing the significance of this task in high-volume and high-velocity information environments. It proposes substantial improvements to the EFuzzCND algorithm, leading to the development of EIFuzzCND. These enhancements encompass an incremental approach, a reduction in dependence on true labels, and the implementation of the Incremental Confusion Matrix. Experiments validate the efficacy of EIFuzzCND across diverse scenarios, and result analysis underscores its capability to handle specific challenges, such as sudden concept shifts. The work contributes to advancing novelty detection in data streams by providing an innovative and practical approach, concluding with recommendations for future research.
Desenvolvimento de novas metodologias de acoplamento C-C e/ou C-N: mesclando ciência de dados e catálise metálica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-06) Dantas, Juliana Arantes; Ferreira, Marco Antonio Barbosa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6874055640224407; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-6691; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3791522544686206; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2473-4167
The approach of statistical methods capable of accurately predicting the relationship between structure and reactivity represents a major impact on the development of reactions. Recently, machine learning tools have been guided and applied in synthesis design. In the context of the work described here, these methods provide rapid information and relevant estimates about the structure and respective activity of substrates that are summarized in structural descriptors that influence the desired activity. Here we list the main results obtained in the development and use of substrate parameterization in new methodologies. In the context of nucleopalladation reactions, we highlight Wacker-type reactions that employ carbonylation reactions of non-activated double bonds by CO capture in a palladium- catalyzed process. We present two new methodologies, one of them to obtain pyrazoline ester derivatives tolerant to different substitutions in strategic positions of the starting material as demonstrated by the scoping study. As well, a new methodology for obtaining pyrazolines with a ketone moiety using boronic acids which allowed access to structural diversity ketone derivatives not previously described guided by a virtual library of boronic acids. Analysis of the electronic and steric factors into the reactivity was fundamental for understanding the nucleophilicity necessary for boronic acids in the transmetalation step. In sequence, we report our efforts to integrate data science and computational chemistry tools to guide, predict and explain the reactivity of persistent radicals generated in the reduction of cyano-arenes in the electrophilic cross-coupling between cyano(hetero)arenes and alkyl halides. The selection of substrates was made from the construction of a virtual library of cyanoarenes via projection of the chemical space by UMAP based on the dimensionality reduction of DFT level physicochemical parameters, ensuring structural diversity in relation to the chemical space. A predictive univariate model could be generated by correlating an electronic parameter with yield.
Contaminação dos recursos hídricos por agrotóxicos: uma análise da precariedade do monitoramento e da inércia no combate
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-06) Versolato, Anete; Borsatto, Ricardo Serra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5988987575101933; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7594-479X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6121208457114811
Excessive pesticide use results in water pollution that is treated for human consumption. Data from the VIGIÁGUA system, available in SISÁGUA, are useful in assisting Health Surveillance agencies in managing health risks associated with treated water. This study aimed to investigate the states that use pesticides the most, such as Mato Grosso, São Paulo, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Goiás, and Minas Gerais, and the action plans or contingency plans to monitor pesticides in water intended for human consumption. The objective was to assess the monitoring of pesticides in water and identify gaps and potential improvements. Data for this exploratory study were collected from sources such as IBAMA, the Ministry of Health (MS), the Capes Periodicals Portal, and Scielo, as well as scientific articles and book chapters. Document analysis were conducted on the IBAMA and MS websites, reviewing spreadsheets with information on pesticides and water quality. The analysis period was from 2014 to 2021, during which pesticide levels in the water of states with the highest consumption were examined. In all states, there is quantification of values above or within the Maximum Permitted Value for the pesticide parameter. Health Surveillance agencies analyze these values individually, as the Ordinance 888/2021 does not establish a maximum limit for the total quantity of compounds in the water, only for each parameter. In some cities, the situation is more critical, as mentioned in the text, and in some states, the number of analyses conducted is insufficient, masking the true situation of the municipality. It was concluded that the actions of Health Surveillance agencies do not adequately consider chronic and multiple exposure to pesticides in water and that there is no uniformity in actions.
Alvenaria estrutural com blocos de concreto: propriedades mecânicas residuais de argamassas, grautes e prismas submetidos a altas temperaturas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-06) Leal, Cleber Eduardo Fernandes; Moreno Júnior, Armando Lopes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5004049383694261; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7660-050X; Parsekian, Guilherme Aris; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5939-2032; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5427834137403490; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-0447
The study of structural masonry under high temperatures is still initial in Brazil. Even internationally, little is known about the thermal and mechanical properties of masonry components when overheated. In the absence of a specific Brazilian standard, foreign guidelines are adopted by the technical community to check structural masonry in fire situations. However, its applicability is questionable, given that Brazilian materials have different characteristics of geometry and composition, in addition to the associated construction practices. Despite these differences, most international design/verification procedures are based on full-scale wall tests which, due to the lack of conveniently equipped laboratories, are not yet viable in our country. Therefore, a more feasible approach would be the correlation between test results, under high temperatures, of smaller models (blocks, prisms, small walls) and larger models (full-size walls), like what is done at room temperature. For that matter, this research aimed to determine the residual mechanical behavior of laying mortars, grouts, and prisms with two concrete blocks. There is no national, or even international, procedure for assessments of this nature in structural masonry prisms. The method used corresponded to an adaptation of that proposed by Medeiros, Parsekian and Moreno Jr. (2022) for the use of RILEM TC 200-HTC:2007 curves in structural concrete blocks. Were produced mortars with lime (conventional), lime-free (industrialized) and from three resistance classes (5, 10 and 20 MPa); grouts with 15, 25 and 35 MPa; prisms with two hollow and uncoated concrete blocks, varying block strength (6, 12, and 24 MPa), composition and strength of the laying mortar. All materials were subjected to low heating rates (4°C/min for mortars and 1°C/min for others) until they reached 200, 400, 600 and 800°C; kept for one hour at the respective temperatures; and cooled at the same rates to temperatures close to ambient. After cooling, the residual values of compressive strength and secant deformation modulus were obtained via destructive tests. The results showed that lime significantly interfered with the degradation of the mortars, especially after 400°C. The rehydration of the binder led to expansion, cracking, and greater reductions in the ordinary mixtures. Even with small amounts of lime, the grouts exhibited behavior consistent with residual normative curves for ordinary concretes (ACI/TMS 216-1:2014, EN 1992-1-2: Eurocode2: 2004) and those extracted from the literature. The confinement of the mortar joint led to a delay in the degradation of the prisms' mechanical properties. The cracking observed in the mortar specimens did not occur in the prism joints, regardless of the type of mortar and exposure temperature. The prism results were consistent with those of the blocks tested by Medeiros (2022). For all the materials tested, the drying modulus decreased early compared to the compressive strength. After 800°C, the property value became negligible. As a contribution, normalized mechanical property degradation curves were proposed for each material investigated.
Atuação bibliotecária em hospitais de ensino: um panorama da Região Centro-Oeste do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-06) Mendes, Neide Trindade; Dal'Evedove, Paula Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1170937498266968
The insertion of the librarian in the health context is increasingly necessary, not only to train users who are experts in health regarding the sources to be consulted, but in the guidance and delivery of reliable information, filtering, treating and also certifying the veracity of information that will be disseminated to end users. In this sense, the question arises what is the professional profile and working conditions of librarians who work in teaching hospitals in the Central-West region of Brazil? Therefore, we seek to present an overview of the professional profile and respective working conditions of clinical librarians working in teaching hospitals in the Central-West region of Brazil. This is an exploratory and descriptive study. As methodological procedures, bibliographical surveys were carried out using the bases of the Information Science Database (BRAPCI), Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO – Brazil), ENANCIB Annals and Portal de Capes periodicals. To collect data, we used a semi-structured questionnaire that was prepared via Google Forms, with a total of 20 questions, all anonymous and freely chosen in order to avoid bias in the answers. The results demonstrate that the majority of the 11 respondents identify themselves as information librarians and that the main difficulties in this niche of professional activity are related to the difficulty in understanding technical language; use appropriate information technology to organize and disseminate information; assess information needs in order to meet identified needs; master the sources of information in the area; carry out specializations and/or training; develop and manage information services and; provide support and training for users of the library or information service. In conclusion, the work of health librarians in the Central-West region is still incipient, and it is opportune to increase the supply of courses and specific training that trains librarian professionals who wish to work in the health context and in clinical environments.