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A violência sexual infantil no judiciário: análise de uma amostra de sentenças judiciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-16)
Araújo, Nathalia Helena de
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D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
Child sexual violence is defined as any sexual act committed by one or more adults against children and adolescents, leading to sexual stimulation of the victim and/or aggressor. Although the Judiciary has an important role in protecting the victim and holding the aggressor accountable, several problems in this instance have hindered the proper processing of judicial proceedings, making them time-consuming and resulting in costly effects on victims. The present study aimed to analyze the characteristics of a sample of court sentences involving child sexual violence in the state of São Paulo. A total of 10 sentences were selected between 2018 and 2022. The main results showed that longer sentences are characterized by more intrusive abusive acts, a greater number of aggressors belonging to the family nucleus and a greater amount of evidence mentioned compared to faster sentences. Possible relationships between the aforementioned characteristics and the slowness of the cases are discussed, highlighting the impacts of Law 13.431/2017 as an influence on the speed and reduction of the revictimization of children and adolescents, as well as the influence of the judicial system on the protection of victims.
Um estudo do número de inscrições e dos inscritos no ENEM no período de 2013 a 2022
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-16)
Arantes, Gabriela de Oliveira
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Ferreira Filho, Pedro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3166756210159019
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-7887
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2149554357844012
The Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais An´ısio Teixeira (INEP) is a federal agency linked to the Minist´erio da Educa¸c˜ao (MEC) and aims to promote educational actions in Brazil. It plays a fundamental role in creating education-related measures that are essential for the country’s social and economic progress. Since 1998, INEP has been responsible for organizing and executing all procedures of the then-created Exame Nacional do Ensino M´edio (ENEM), designed to assess high school graduates. From 2009, the ENEM underwent a comprehensive reformulation process and began to be used as a tool for selecting students for public and private higher education institutions, becoming one of the main instruments for democratizing access to higher education. The new ENEM initially experienced growth in the number of registrants, but recent years have seen a significant reduction in the number of participants. It is observed that few studies have been carried out to identify the factors responsible for this decline in the number of exam participants. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the possible factors contributing to the reduction in the number of ENEM participants. The results obtained indicate that age, time of high school completion, and parents’ level of education were identified as factors contributing to the decrease in the number of registrants. With the support of different statistical methods, the performance of participants in the tests was also analyzed. The achieved results indicate a pattern of test performance from 2013 to 2016 and another pattern with some differences in the years from 2017 to 2022. Additionally, analyses show an association between groups of participants with specific characteristics and their average performance in the tests over the years, particularly among those where a reduction in ENEM participation was observed.
Avaliação da ingestão de microplásticos em microcrustáceos da Represa de Barra Bonita (Rio Tietê, SP - Brasil)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-16)
Nascimento, Fernanda Thais Fernandes
;
Neves, Gilmar Perbiche
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7499230397814853
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5025-2703
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8789013683493836
Human activity is responsible for the production of a large part of the microplastics present in marine and freshwater environments, which can be ingested by various organisms, including zooplankton. The present study aimed to determine the dry weight values of microplastics (mp) ingested by microcrustaceans in a eutrophic and polluted reservoir (Barra Bonita Reservoir, Tietê River). Sixty zooplankton samples were collected using a conical plankton net with a 68μm mesh opening during March 2023. Before fixation in 4% formalin, commercially cold carbonated water was used to anesthetize the organisms, avoiding regurgitation. The organisms were identified at the specific level under a stereoscope and microscope. For digestion, three concentrations of KOH (10, 15 and 20% w/v) were tested in an oven at 60°C for 1h in batches of 10 specimens for each species. After verifying the best digestion results among the concentrations, it was decided to use 10% and 15% in cladocerans and 20% in copepods. Using a precision analytical balance (Sartorius 215) with 6 places, the organisms with mp were weighed individually after drying, and then the mp was removed and weighed separately. 11,267 specimens of 13 species were digested, namely: Daphnia gessneri (Herbst, 1967), Diaphanosoma birgei (Korinek, 1981), Moina minuta (Hansen, 1899), Ceriodaphnia cornuta (Sars, 1886), Notodiaptomus iheringi (Wright, 1935), Notodiaptomus cear ensis (Wright, 1936), Mesocyclops meridianus (Kiefer, 1926), Metacyclops mendocinus (Wierzejski, 1892), Thermocyclops decipiens (Kiefer, 1929), Acanthocyclops robustus (Sars, 1863), Microcyclops anceps (Richard, 1897), Mesocyclops ogunnus (Onabamiro, 1957) and Mesocyclops longisetus (Thiébaud, 1912), divided into 1725, 1010, 120, 1001, 1020, 200, 120, 150, 200, 1001, 1005, 165 and 150 individuals, respectively. Among the copepods, 2000 and 1500 organisms of Calanoida and Cyclopoida, respectively, were digested in larger batches and without identification to the species level. Among all the digested organisms, four mps particles were found in four specimens of D. gessneri, and the dry weights of the organisms and microplastics were obtained individually. Ingested microplastics were not found in any other species. The first hypothesis, that all groups ingest the particles, was partially proven, having been found only in the cladoceran D. gessneri. The second hypothesis, that the larger the individual, the larger the microplastic particles, was proven, although we obtained few values in a large number of digested specimens. Although microplastics were found in the microcrustaceans, the percentage is minimal when compared to the total number of specimens analyzed, even in a polluted reservoir, lower than the percentage found in a marine environment.
Narrativa crítico-reflexiva: impressões sobre a minha experiência como estudante da Medicina UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-16)
Thomé, Francisco José de Queiroz
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Chachá, Silvana Gama Florencio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7204163682267970
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2054-0771
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1165940485682076
The undergraduate medical course at the Federal University of São Carlos is based on the PBL method and characterized by the early insertion of the student in a professional pratice scenario. In this context, this reflexive narrative carried out by an undergraduate student presents personal impressions about the experiences lived during the undergraduate course.
Polímeros autocicatrizantes para aplicações biomédicas: uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-16)
Veiga, Augusto da
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Marini, Juliano
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4533610255047654
Intelligent materials, which change their characteristics according to external stimuli, have been increasingly researched as alternatives to traditional materials. Among them, self-healing materials already had great space in structural applications, adhesives, and coatings, particularly ceramics and polymers. The latter have advantages over other classes of materials, notably their versatility of processing and applications. With the increase of the necessity for regenerative medicine and the demand for materials with less environmental impact, biomedical applications have also become a major focus of self-healing polymers. Shape-memory effect polymers, hydrogels, among others, are examples of the applied materials, mainly in the areas of tissue engineering, biosensors, smart wound-dressings, and drug delivery. This ensures a more efficient, and much less invasive treatment, especially thinking about complicated treatments such as cancer, bone, heart problems, among others. In addition, polymers also allow production by additive manufacturing, which ensures individuality for each patient, in addition to less waste, which can bring several advantages. These are the reasons why this theme presents several possibilities and has been increasingly researched. In the meantime, the present work seeks to point out the state of the art of the application of self-healing polymers for biomedical application, focusing on the production by 3D and 4D prints.
Desenvolvimento e estudo de memristores baseados em redes de nanofios de SnO2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-17)
Moisés, Lucas Augusto
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Chiquito, Adenilson José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7087360072774314
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2498-4820
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7856086233961011
In this work, memristors were produced based on tin dioxide nanowire networks (𝑆𝑛𝑂2). These nanowires were synthesized by the VLS (Vapor-Liquid-Solid) method. The nanowire structural analysis via X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed a single phase of tin dioxide in the rutile phase with tetragonal symmetry and spatial group P42/mm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed varying profiles of sizes and thicknesses (from nano to micrometric) of the obtained wires, a variation arising from the self- assembly process in the synthesis. Three different types of memristors devices have been developed; the first and simplest one is based on a nanowire network obtained directly from synthesis, without any kind of wire manipulation, just adding silver electrodes on the nanostructures. This device showed memristive behavior that strongly depends on the atmosphere in which it was located and data from a detailed study of that dependence indicated the resistive switching was linked to the variation of two types of potentials existing in the network. The first one occurs at the contact region between the nanowires that make up the network, while the second comes from the Schottky-type metal- semiconductor junctions existing at the contact region between the nanowires and electrodes. The variation of these potentials occurs due to charge configuration changes at these contact regions, changes arising from carriers’ flow guided by an applied electric field. A variation of the first device was made by adding a polymeric layer over the nanowire network. This device variation presented a more prominent memristive effect and that improvement was attributed to the molecules trapping on the nanostructure surfaces by the polymer, generating a charge state freezing at surface region. The retention data acquired from this memristor showed behavior congruent with the Ebbinghau forgetting curve, indicating potential of this device in synaptic learning application. Emulations of the learning and forgetting cycles were carried out on this device and that potential was confirmed. The second type of device produced, based on just one wire (microwire), was made in order to study anomalous behaviors observed in some first type devices (specifically those without the polymeric layer). This anomalous behavior was reproduced in this second device, which proved to be a memristor, and was attributed to the protons conduction guided by water molecules adsorbed on surface oxygen vacancies. Unlike the first device, the single-wire device presented constant resistive states, presenting two resistive states retention for more than 18 Ks and an ON/OFF ratio of 4.6 between them. The third type device developed in this work consists of a nanowire network deposited via drop-casting on a substrate. The preferred position of the nanowires in that network obtained was perpendicular to the substrate, unlike the wire network present in the first device memristor, and this position favoured the nanostructures interaction with the environment, thus increasing the water molecules adsorption level. This greater water adsorption led this third type to show an electrical behaviour identical to the single-wire memristor device. Like the single-wire device, the third type device showed constant resistance states over time. Data obtained from retention measurements of two resistive states, with an ON/OFF ratio of 27.8 between them, showed its conservation for more than 1400 s. The retention data from the second and third device types made they candidates for applications in electronic memories.
Proposta de ensino de ciências sobre vírus: integração dos três momentos pedagógicos, abordagem CTS e combate às fake news
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-17)
Godoy, Bianca de Oliveira de
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Milaré, Tathiane
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4030661520659155
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6557-1769
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2133261672915349
This paper introduces an innovative approach to science education through a didactic sequence designed for 4th-grade students in Elementary School, focusing on the theme of viruses. The proposed sequence integrates the Three Pedagogical Moments, the Science, Technology, and Society (STS) perspective, and addresses the challenge of combating Fake News. The relevance of the topic lies in the contemporary importance of viruses, emphasizing scientific, technological, and social aspects. The STS approach is incorporated to highlight the interconnectedness of science, technology, and society in the context of viruses. Emphasis is placed on the role of science in understanding and combating viral diseases, as well as the influence of technology in information dissemination. The theme of Fake News is integrated to cultivate students' skills in discerning reliable information, promoting scientific and media literacy. Pedagogical strategies, including source analysis, data verification, and discussions on the spread of misinformation, are implemented. The proposal aims to cultivate students who are more conscientious, critical, and participatory, capable of comprehending and addressing virus-related issues from an integrated perspective. By combining the Three Pedagogical Moments, the STS approach, and the confrontation of Fake News, the goal is to provide a comprehensive and relevant learning experience in the current context. While the proposal presents an innovative approach to science education on viruses, it has not been implemented yet. Given this limitation, future research is suggested for the application of the proposed sequence. Practical application will allow for the assessment of teaching strategy effectiveness, identification of challenges, and pursuit of improvements, contributing to the continuous enhancement of the proposed method.
Oxidação de glicerol via catalisadores híbridos com absorção de luz visível
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-17)
Cunha, Charles Garcia da
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Sitta, Elton
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326476348284298
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0823518787250677
;
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8837-3989
The world's energy demand tends to grow exponentially in the next 30 years, obliging the development of more efficient methods to supply it. One of the alternatives to solve this problem is the use of solar energy through storage in chemical bonds, with emphasis on the H2 molecule obtained from water. However, this process is still a large-scale challenge, especially in relation to the oxidation process. In this context, the oxidation of small organic molecules can circumvent this problem, increasing the production of H2 and still providing products of commercial interest. Thus, this work aims to oxidize glycerol using photoelectrocatalysts with visible light absorption based on BiVO4 and X-C3N4/BiVO4, where "X" represents different carbon nitrides (PCN, X-PHI (Na, K, or Cs), Li-PTI, and BiVO4 was synthesized via Bi electrodeposition in FTO followed by thermal conversion at 500 ºC in the presence of vanadium acetylacetonate. The nitrides were synthesized by the method of thermal condensation of melanin in the presence of chlorides of alkali metals. To make the X-C3N4/BiVO4, the nitride of interest was deposited in the FTO via spin coating and the BiVO4 synthesis procedure was followed. The thermogravimetric analysis showed that the PCN has superior thermal stability than other nitrides in oxidizing atmosphere, the other materials showed degradation of ca 30% of the mass at 500 ºC. Although the nitrides presented different values of bandgap energy, Eg, the X-C3N4/BiVO4 heterojunctions presented values of Eg similar to pure BiVO4. XRD analysis also revealed that the BiVO4 phases were not changed by the presence of nitrides but scanning SEM measurements coupled to EDS revealed regions rich in Bi and V and others rich in C and N, suggesting the formation of heterojunctions. Photoelectrochemical assays showed that BiVO4 is active for both water oxidation and glycerol oxidation (1.0 mol L-1), but with four times increase in the presence of glycerol at 1.23 V vs RHE. Clearly, the type of nitride used to make the heterojunctions influences the activity of the material for glycerol oxidation, with the order of photocurrent at 1.23 V vs RHE being: PCN > BiVO4 > Cs-PHI/BiVO4 > K-PHI/BiVO4 > Na-PHI/BiVO4 > Li-PTI/BiVO4. SEM-EDS analysis after electrochemical tests revealed that the presence of carbon nitrides induces the segregation of vanadium oxides, contributing to a decrease in activity. That way, some heterostructures show promising performance for the oxidation of the glycerol molecule. However, besides the electronic structure able to transport electron from BiVO4, is important to look for CN with thermal stability to avoid their degradation during BiVO4 synthesis.
Nitrosaminas em insumos farmacêuticos ativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-17)
Rossoni, Carolina
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Carneiro, Renato Lajarim
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8065852319463976
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6857-2190
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0009229316865375
Since 1972, N-nitrosamines have been the subject of study in medication composition. However, in July 2018, the presence of the N-nitrosamine NDMA was identified in Valsartan, leading to the recall of this medication. Subsequently, in August 2018, there were also recalls of Losartan and Irbesartan. Following this milestone, studies on these organic compounds, characterized by the presence of an amine group linked to a nitroso group, have been constantly advancing, prompting regulatory revisions aimed at consumer safety. To prevent medication shortages, guidelines and resolutions have been developed to assist in assessing and controlling risks, considering acceptable limits for daily intake. Consequently, there was a need to understand the pathways of formation of these impurities during the manufacturing process of both pharmaceutics and medications. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate potential formation routes of these impurities and how we can establish their limits, assessing whether there is proper control over nitrosamines.
Reflexões sobre um sonho, uma jornada e uma saudade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-17)
Araújo, Camila Monteiro Faria
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Traslaviña, Guillermo Andrey Ariza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8329010880453672
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0839-9864
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1351892614642572
The Course Conclusion paper presented to the Department of Medicine of the Federal University of São Carlos is an assessment and reflection on how the 6 years of graduation in Medicine were. The work is divided between pre-entrance exam phase, course, divided into cycles that make up the way the course was formulated and projections for the future. This work aims to complete the course and obtain a bachelor's degree in Medicine.
Colado com nós, colado com a Maioral: uma etnografia sobre alianças e rivalidades da Torcida Jovem do Botafogo-PB
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-18)
Carvalho, Phelipe Caldas Pontes
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Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5366260223109463
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5354-5923
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0241570127991529
The Torcida Jovem (Young Fan Club in English) of Botafogo-PB is the largest and oldest organized fan group of Botafogo Futebol Clube, the main club in João Pessoa. For two uninterrupted years, this research engaged in an ethnographic immersion with the Torcida Jovem, involving long-term participant observation that experienced many of the fans' collective experiences and interactions. The festivities, the pista (clash between soccer fan clubs in free translation), the dance, the fan performance, the caravan, the attack, the ambush, the dialogue with the neighborhoods, the ideology, the procedure, the daily encounters, the relationship with the impoverished city periphery, the march, the activity, and the procession. Above all, negotiations, segmentations, fissures, pacifications, and antagonisms that produce an intricate network of alliances and rivalries among organized fan groups throughout Brazil. Furthermore, the study reflects on violence, codes of conduct, and rules defining "being a fan" without forgetting the always tense relationship between organized fan groups and state security forces. This thesis delves into all these aspects.
Hérnia de Grynfelt: uma revisão narrativa da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-18)
Martins, Júlia Caramaschi
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Bellaz, Pamela Cristina
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Souto, Bernardino Geraldo Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7264826508407685
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1578379358427160
Grynfelt's hernia is a rare pathology that presents as a defect in the posterolateral abdominal wall in the upper lumbar triangle. Both its diagnosis and treatment are requested due to its infrequent occurrence and anatomical complexity. What is presented is a bibliographical research of articles published between the years 2019 and 2023 focusing on surgical techniques for Grynfeltt hernia without associated complications. The search was carried out in the “PubMed” database, using the descriptor “Grynfeltt hernia”. There was no restriction due to the study methodology. Initially, 19 studies were identified, of which 11 were excluded if they did not meet the pre-established criteria (surgical management of hernias of the upper lumbar triangle without other associated pathologies). Only articles in English were selected, totaling 8 studies selected to be recorded and detailed. Among the articles, 6 case reports, 1 systematic review and 1 didactic surgical description were selected. It is concluded that Grynfelt's lumbar hernias are rare pathologies, mostly unilateral and asymptomatic, requiring high clinical suspicion for their diagnosis. Complementation with imaging examination favors surgical planning, in which different techniques (open versus laparoscopic; with mesh versus without mesh) can be used with favorable outcomes for patients.
Literatura digital brasileira: análise das perspectivas autorais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-18)
Affonso, Giovanna Maria Zago
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Rocha, Rejane Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5669300635333699
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5746458532587481
This final paper aims to expand the reflections developed during the Scientific Initiation projects, carried out between August 2020 and October 2022. Both researches funded by CNPq, and entitled: “Literatura digital brasileira: a perspectiva dos criadores” and “Literatura digital nas redes sociais: um estudo sobre a perspectiva de quem produz”, we aim to critically document, through interviews with the authors, the characteristics of Brazilian digital literature. Based on the interviews, a reflection was carried out regarding the results (responses) obtained. Thus, we define the construction of present work, in order to understand and develop the point of view of two authors in front of their products, and mainly at this authorial level. To carry out this study, we rely on the ideas discussed by literary critic Antonio Candido, researcher at the Federal University of São Carlos, Luciana Salazar Salgado. We also delve into the Theory of Polissystems developed by sociologist and linguist, Itamar Even-Zohar, as an intuitive way of understanding the way the authors define digital literature.
A graduação em medicina: um olhar reflexivo sobre o aprendizado e a análise crítica da literatura durante a pandemia de COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-18)
Tofanelli, Laisa Prandine
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Avó, Lucimar Retto da Silva de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5353180921178881
;
Santos, Sigrid de Sousa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0475600621927610
During the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns arose about the risk of generating aerosols and transmitting SARS-CoV-2 to healthcare professionals during airway management procedures. These are primary interventions in the care of critically ill patients, with no possibility of suspension or postponement. In this context, several technologies have been proposed to reduce the risk of transmission of respiratory infections in hospital and out-of-hospital health services. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness and adverse effects of new technologies and procedures for obtaining an advanced airway in preventing the transmission of respiratory infections to healthcare professionals and patients. Materials and methods: This systematic review compared new technologies and procedures with traditional techniques in situations in which adult patients (≥18 years) underwent procedures to obtain an advanced airway, covering searches in the Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases in English, Portuguese and Spanish. The selected studies were assessed for risk of bias using the ROBINS-I, ROBINS-E and RoB 2 tools. Results: 1279 non-duplicate articles were identified, 57% of the studies being produced during the pandemic period. Three studies were selected for the systematic review, two cohort studies and one open randomized clinical trial. Many studies were excluded because they used new techniques that were not tested on real patients or without a comparative control group. There was no evidence that modifications to advanced airway procurement protocols altered the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, nor that they were associated with a greater occurrence of adverse events. However, the selected articles were classified as having a high risk of bias. There was also a technical challenge in directly measuring the reduction in the risk of healthcare professionals contracting respiratory infections during procedures, both due to difficulty in documenting proven infection and because it was not possible to exclude other sources of infection. Discussion: There was great scientific production in the period, but with methodological limitations in the studies identified. The pandemic was a factor that stimulated scientific production, but limited the quality of evidence. The abundance of studies proposing new techniques was not accompanied by comparative effectiveness studies in terms of reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission, making it impossible to assess their clinical usefulness. Conclusion: The pandemic stimulated the development of new techniques and procedures to ensure safety in obtaining an advanced airway. However, these methodologies still need to be evaluated regarding their effectiveness and safety, in addition to the costs of their incorporation into clinical practice.
Uma análise da troca de cadeiras e da composição partidária da comissão de trabalho, de administração e serviço público da Câmara dos Deputados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-18)
Mendes, Luíza Bianchi
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Diniz, Simone
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9726360676770459
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0787272772836916
What functions are attributed to parliamentary oppositions in representative democracies and how do they perform such functions in the Brazilian context, in the Chamber of Deputies? These are the main questions that guide this research. The internal regulations determine that for the composition of the members who will take on the Permanent Committees role, the criterion of party proportionality must be taken into account, thus, there is a recurrent practice in the composition of the Labor and Public Service Commission (CTASP) of the exchange of seats on committees. The acts of the Board of Directors of the Chamber of Deputies were used, and the mirrors of the composition of the committees, which explain who the official vacancy would belong to and the party that in practice occupied the vacancy. The methodo-logy used is a case study, based on a descriptive analysis. In turn, the results have shown that the tendency to exchange seats continued to be present, sometimes in favor of the coali-tion, sometimes in favor of the opposition
Etiquetagem de eficiência energética de prédios públicos: estudo de caso da Reitoria da UFSCar - São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-18)
Pozzobon, Eduardo Machry
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7079-2048
;
Barreto, Douglas
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369326190168139
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7079-2048
The increase in energetic consume are the cause of great concern effects, therefore, sustainable measures are sought in all sector. The building sector is the third largest consumer of energy, hitting over 50% of the electricity and over 30% of all the energy consumed in Brazil. To encourage the application of energy efficiency measures on buildings, certifications were created, such as the National Energy Conservation Label (ENCE, in its Portuguese acronym), that evaluate the usage and impact of such measures in a building. The ENCE classifies an edifice in categories, from A, to E, with different classification methods to residential buildings and to commercial, service and public buildings. The obtention of the level A National Energy Conservation Label is mandatory to new federal public edifices. This assignment targets the study of an existing public building to identify its classification, following the methods proposed by Technical Requisites of the Quality of the Energy Efficiency Level for Commercial, Service and Public Buildings (RTQ-C in its Portuguese acronym) and by the new Inmetro Normative Instruction for the Energy Efficiency Classification of Commercial, Services and Public Buildings (INI-C). Therefore, the building that houses the Rectory and Central Administration of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) was selected. This assignment made use of project documents and specific data collect on site or used from previous studies carried out in the edifice. Bibliographic database was used to provide data of equipment and the necessary correlation. The RTQ-C’s prescriptive method was used on the building, seeking to obtain a provisional classification of its energy efficiency, and INI-C’s simplified method, resulting in a definitive classification. On RTQ-C’s analysis, the building achieved level B of energy efficiency. However, on the INI-C analysis, it was verified that it’s not possible to apply the simplified method for hybrid edifices with the geometric characteristics of the analyzed building. Therefore, there was no consideration of natural ventilation, only artificially conditioned rooms. On the general classification, efficiency level A was obtained, resulting in an improvement on the classification comparing to RTQ-C’s method, with an evolution on the envelope. This result implies that the building complies with what is required by current legislation. Concluding, measures that will possibly improve the building energy efficiency are presented. This study concludes, based on bibliographic review and the realized applications, that the replacement of RTQ-C by INI-C was adequate.
Desafios na jornada acadêmica: uma análise da graduação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-18)
Silva, Gideone Cruz da
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Aquilante, Aline Guerra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5699716799010108
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5925-7642
In this narrative, I share the experiences lived during my journey as a member of the XIII Medicine Class at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), from the moment I established myself in the locality of São Carlos in 2017 until my graduation in February 2024. Over a period of seven years, I encountered learning experiences, challenges, dedication, skill enhancement, interruptions, fears, and memorable events. After a brief exposition of the peculiarities of the course, I proceed with the chronological description of the activities and events in which I was involved. The writing of this text provided me with the opportunity to revisit my education and all the feelings that emerged during this trajectory, guiding and contributing to the construction of the professional identity I currently hold.
Restauração ecológica de cerrado sensu stricto: comparação de diferentes técnicas e sua relação com a água no solo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-18)
Sanglade, Lucas Dias
;
Boschi, Raquel Stucchi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5774095142035730
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2737-3686
;
Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva
Despite growing recognition of the Cerrado importance, our understanding of how to conserve and restore non-forest ecosystems in the tropics remains limited. In this study we aimed to evaluate, over three consecutive years the potential of different techniques for cerrado sensu stricto ecological restoration in relation to legislation for ecological restoration projects evaluation as reference standard and their influence on the structure and composition of soil seed bank and on soil physical and chemical attributes in an abandoned pasture area invaded by invasive exotic grasses with low natural regeneration of native species. Our results indicate that seedling planting using herbaceous, shrub, tree and liana species were only able to meet legal reference standards for soil coverage by native vegetation, presenting an approximate cost to that of forest restoration projects, highlighting its potential for large scale implementation. The limited and directed supply of nutrients to the planted seedlings did not generate changes in soil physical and chemical evaluated attributes. Despite the decrease in soil permeability resulting from experiment implementation and operations carried out, the restoration techniques obtained higher hydraulic conductivity results than control plots, indicating that cerrado sensu stricto restoration generates positive impacts on soil permeability. The differentiation with other evaluated treatments regarding emerged seedling density and diversity from soil seed bank shows that seedling planting was capable of generating positive impacts on the potential for natural regeneration of degraded cerrado sensu stricto ecosystems with low resilience. Our study indicates that seedling planting can provide superior results in a shorter time for cerrado sensu stricto restoration compared to assisted natural regeneration or abandonment (passive restoration).
Análise crítica das técnicas e estratégias de controle de perdas de água em sistemas de abastecimento: uma revisão de literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-19)
Pinto, Carlos Kenzo Yoshitake
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Pantoja Filho, Jorge Luis Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7139425471960071
After the extended periods of drought that occurred in 2014-2015 in the state of São Paulo, the greater Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, felt what in fact is a water crisis scenario, discussions regarding water availability in Brazil and its heterogeneity of distribution between the Brazilian states and the basin management quality has been growing and gaining attention from the entire population. With the population growth and the accelerated expansion of urban centers, often unplanned, providing drinking water with proper availability, quality and pressure to the entire Brazilian population becomes a difficult task in this context. In view of the above, this work addresses the topic of water losses in supply systems with focus on the distribution networks, gathering information on the definitions of real and apparent losses, its main causes, economic and environmental impacts, and some of the main combat strategies against the losses. The goal is to carry out a bibliographical review regarding the state of the art on the topic of water losses and demonstrate the multidisciplinary nature of relevant topics necessary to understand and combat the phenomenon of losses in distribution networks. The collection of searched data and academic papers demonstrate that at a national level, Brazil has high loss rates and several studies show that the reduction of losses can make significant contributions to the supply capacity of the distribution networks and can reduce the economic and enviromental losses related to water for the the entire society.
Comparação do comportamento alimentar das crianças com TEA nos ambientes familiar e escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-19)
Cardozo, Paloma Blanca Marchezini
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Elias, Nassim Chamel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4197-623X
This research has as its concept to verify the influence of the family and school environment on the child with Autism Spectrum Disorder's (ASD) food behavior . It aimed to analyze and compare the food behavior of children with ASD in family and school environments. It is a qualitative exploratory research with discussion of data from the point of view of behavior analysis. Its data collection instrument is an interview, the eating behavior assessment scale in ASD (Lázaro et al., 2019) and the questionnaire proposed by Rocha et al (2019). The results are expected to contribute to the identification of the role of the family and school environment in the child's food development process and as the basis for the conduct of new investigations in psychology and special education.