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Polímeros autocicatrizantes para aplicações biomédicas: uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-16) Veiga, Augusto da; Marini, Juliano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4533610255047654
Intelligent materials, which change their characteristics according to external stimuli, have been increasingly researched as alternatives to traditional materials. Among them, self-healing materials already had great space in structural applications, adhesives, and coatings, particularly ceramics and polymers. The latter have advantages over other classes of materials, notably their versatility of processing and applications. With the increase of the necessity for regenerative medicine and the demand for materials with less environmental impact, biomedical applications have also become a major focus of self-healing polymers. Shape-memory effect polymers, hydrogels, among others, are examples of the applied materials, mainly in the areas of tissue engineering, biosensors, smart wound-dressings, and drug delivery. This ensures a more efficient, and much less invasive treatment, especially thinking about complicated treatments such as cancer, bone, heart problems, among others. In addition, polymers also allow production by additive manufacturing, which ensures individuality for each patient, in addition to less waste, which can bring several advantages. These are the reasons why this theme presents several possibilities and has been increasingly researched. In the meantime, the present work seeks to point out the state of the art of the application of self-healing polymers for biomedical application, focusing on the production by 3D and 4D prints.
Narrativa crítico-reflexiva: impressões sobre a minha experiência como estudante da Medicina UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-16) Thomé, Francisco José de Queiroz; Chachá, Silvana Gama Florencio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7204163682267970; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2054-0771; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1165940485682076
The undergraduate medical course at the Federal University of São Carlos is based on the PBL method and characterized by the early insertion of the student in a professional pratice scenario. In this context, this reflexive narrative carried out by an undergraduate student presents personal impressions about the experiences lived during the undergraduate course.
Um estudo do número de inscrições e dos inscritos no ENEM no período de 2013 a 2022
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-16) Arantes, Gabriela de Oliveira; Ferreira Filho, Pedro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3166756210159019; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-7887; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2149554357844012
The Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais An´ısio Teixeira (INEP) is a federal agency linked to the Minist´erio da Educa¸c˜ao (MEC) and aims to promote educational actions in Brazil. It plays a fundamental role in creating education-related measures that are essential for the country’s social and economic progress. Since 1998, INEP has been responsible for organizing and executing all procedures of the then-created Exame Nacional do Ensino M´edio (ENEM), designed to assess high school graduates. From 2009, the ENEM underwent a comprehensive reformulation process and began to be used as a tool for selecting students for public and private higher education institutions, becoming one of the main instruments for democratizing access to higher education. The new ENEM initially experienced growth in the number of registrants, but recent years have seen a significant reduction in the number of participants. It is observed that few studies have been carried out to identify the factors responsible for this decline in the number of exam participants. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the possible factors contributing to the reduction in the number of ENEM participants. The results obtained indicate that age, time of high school completion, and parents’ level of education were identified as factors contributing to the decrease in the number of registrants. With the support of different statistical methods, the performance of participants in the tests was also analyzed. The achieved results indicate a pattern of test performance from 2013 to 2016 and another pattern with some differences in the years from 2017 to 2022. Additionally, analyses show an association between groups of participants with specific characteristics and their average performance in the tests over the years, particularly among those where a reduction in ENEM participation was observed.
A violência sexual infantil no judiciário: análise de uma amostra de sentenças judiciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-16) Araújo, Nathalia Helena de; D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
Child sexual violence is defined as any sexual act committed by one or more adults against children and adolescents, leading to sexual stimulation of the victim and/or aggressor. Although the Judiciary has an important role in protecting the victim and holding the aggressor accountable, several problems in this instance have hindered the proper processing of judicial proceedings, making them time-consuming and resulting in costly effects on victims. The present study aimed to analyze the characteristics of a sample of court sentences involving child sexual violence in the state of São Paulo. A total of 10 sentences were selected between 2018 and 2022. The main results showed that longer sentences are characterized by more intrusive abusive acts, a greater number of aggressors belonging to the family nucleus and a greater amount of evidence mentioned compared to faster sentences. Possible relationships between the aforementioned characteristics and the slowness of the cases are discussed, highlighting the impacts of Law 13.431/2017 as an influence on the speed and reduction of the revictimization of children and adolescents, as well as the influence of the judicial system on the protection of victims.
Avaliação da ingestão de microplásticos em microcrustáceos da Represa de Barra Bonita (Rio Tietê, SP - Brasil)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-01-16) Nascimento, Fernanda Thais Fernandes; Neves, Gilmar Perbiche; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7499230397814853; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5025-2703; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8789013683493836; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1131-8239
Human activity is responsible for the production of a large part of the microplastics present in marine and freshwater environments, which can be ingested by various organisms, including zooplankton. The present study aimed to determine the dry weight values of microplastics (mp) ingested by microcrustaceans in a eutrophic and polluted reservoir (Barra Bonita Reservoir, Tietê River). Sixty zooplankton samples were collected using a conical plankton net with a 68μm mesh opening during March 2023. Before fixation in 4% formalin, commercially cold carbonated water was used to anesthetize the organisms, avoiding regurgitation. The organisms were identified at the specific level under a stereoscope and microscope. For digestion, three concentrations of KOH (10, 15 and 20% w/v) were tested in an oven at 60°C for 1h in batches of 10 specimens for each species. After verifying the best digestion results among the concentrations, it was decided to use 10% and 15% in cladocerans and 20% in copepods. Using a precision analytical balance (Sartorius 215) with 6 places, the organisms with mp were weighed individually after drying, and then the mp was removed and weighed separately. 11,267 specimens of 13 species were digested, namely: Daphnia gessneri (Herbst, 1967), Diaphanosoma birgei (Korinek, 1981), Moina minuta (Hansen, 1899), Ceriodaphnia cornuta (Sars, 1886), Notodiaptomus iheringi (Wright, 1935), Notodiaptomus cear ensis (Wright, 1936), Mesocyclops meridianus (Kiefer, 1926), Metacyclops mendocinus (Wierzejski, 1892), Thermocyclops decipiens (Kiefer, 1929), Acanthocyclops robustus (Sars, 1863), Microcyclops anceps (Richard, 1897), Mesocyclops ogunnus (Onabamiro, 1957) and Mesocyclops longisetus (Thiébaud, 1912), divided into 1725, 1010, 120, 1001, 1020, 200, 120, 150, 200, 1001, 1005, 165 and 150 individuals, respectively. Among the copepods, 2000 and 1500 organisms of Calanoida and Cyclopoida, respectively, were digested in larger batches and without identification to the species level. Among all the digested organisms, four mps particles were found in four specimens of D. gessneri, and the dry weights of the organisms and microplastics were obtained individually. Ingested microplastics were not found in any other species. The first hypothesis, that all groups ingest the particles, was partially proven, having been found only in the cladoceran D. gessneri. The second hypothesis, that the larger the individual, the larger the microplastic particles, was proven, although we obtained few values in a large number of digested specimens. Although microplastics were found in the microcrustaceans, the percentage is minimal when compared to the total number of specimens analyzed, even in a polluted reservoir, lower than the percentage found in a marine environment.