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As repercussões do luto no cotidiano de adultos que perderam familiares por complicações de Covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-19)
Santos, Ana Paula Nascimento dos
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Ricci, Éllen Cristina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2306373037361143
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3471-1479
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5309207867214554
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused in Brazil, up to January 2024, more than 708 thousand deaths, leaving hundreds of thousands of Brazilians grieving. Grief is understood as an experience resulting from a significant loss, which implies a process of meaning-making. GENERAL OBJECTIVE: To understand the repercussions of grief in the daily lives of adults who experienced the loss of family members in the context of COVID-19. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: To identify in the literature the repercussions of grief in daily life, and to describe the repercussions experienced in daily life following the loss of a family member due to COVID-19. METHODOLOGY: Two methodological paths were carried out to meet the objectives: one for literature review (Study I) and another for field research (Study II). Regarding Study I, the PRISMA organizational proposal was used. The consulted databases were BVS and Scielo, selecting texts published in the last 10 years (2013 - 2023) and in Portuguese. As for Study II, it was an exploratory and descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The instruments used were a sociodemographic questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The questionnaire data were analyzed descriptively, and the interviews followed the treatment proposed by the Oral History method and analyzed by Bardin's Content Analysis. RESULTS: The literature review identified 32 articles that brought elements about the repercussion of grief in daily life. These were grouped into 5 categories of analysis: maternal grief, widow grief, grief for the loss of young people in the family, grief of parents who lost their children, and other experiences of grief due to the loss of family members. Six adults, aged 20 to 46 years, mostly female, participated in the field research. Five categories of analysis were constructed from the interviews: possible farewell rituals; emotional states after the loss; grieving daily routines in the pandemic context; coping strategies adopted; and whether there was prolonged grief. It was observed that farewell rituals were affected by the pandemic context, and after the loss, the bereaved felt anxious, with depressed mood, and intense anger. Thus, daily activities such as self-care, work, study, leisure, and social participation were modified or temporarily interrupted. In addition, the bereaved needed to assume new responsibilities, learn new tasks, and take care of other family members. Coping strategies also became part of this new daily life, such as: psychotherapy, religious/spiritual practices, expressive activities, physical exercises, and activities with family and friends. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Adults who lost loved ones due to COVID-19 complications experienced the construction of new daily arrangements, reported shaken emotional states, and sought coping strategies. It is recommended that further research be conducted to understand how these bereaved individuals are currently faring.
A travessia da teoria da tendência antissocial à prática: uma contribuição psicanalítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-19)
Roxo Junior, Hélio Antonio Anthero
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Câmara, Leonardo Cardoso Portela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0876503068661138
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1424-8704
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2411537637080496
This research aims to understand the theory of antisocial tendency and to develop a handling proposal for socio-educational care centres. With an important emphasis on the relationship between the mother (environment) and her baby, Winnicott constructed a complex theory on emotional development and antisocial tendency. His vision of psychopathology refers to environmental failures in the phases in which the subject has not yet acquired the capacity to deal with them. Adaptation failures are defined as traumas and can manifest themselves through various dynamics, including antisocial tendencies. In this work, we use Winnicott's main references to understand the type of trauma associated with antisocial tendency and how the author developed his theory. By analysing experiences in the care of young offenders, we seek to bring Winnicott's constructions closer to the Brazilian context and propose a model of environmental adaptation in care institutions capable of building a potential space for creativity and healing.
Modelo hierárquico Bayesiano não paramétrico aplicado em modelagem de tópicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-19)
Cunha, Robson Ortz Oliveira
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Stern, Rafael Bassi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7846211197320014
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2738398667347331
Given the growing need and importance of analyzing textual data in the field of artificial intelligence, models that can better understand human language and deal with unstructured data are increasingly relevant gains. In this work, we developed a study on the Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (HDP) in modeling textual topics, exploring its practical aspects by applying it to a data set (\textit{corpus}) of legal processes, composed of three types of different procedures. We will discuss the main properties of HDP, from a Bayesian perspective, assuming that the data comes from a Multinomial probability distribution, based on the \textit{bag-of-words} textual representation model, commonly used in natural language processing . We also proceeded with some textual pre-processing techniques, which resulted in more parsimonious documents (data), and with a simulation study to verify the model's performance. At the end of the work, we present the results of the applications carried out and discuss the issues of data analysis in jurimetry.
Estudo de caso da construção da Comunidade que Sustenta a Agricultura (CSA) Guajuvira, no município de São José dos Campos, Vale do Paraíba-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-19)
Zerlote, Matheus Reis
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Montebello, Adriana Estella Sanjuan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326971138357942
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2822-6434
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Marjotta-Maistro, Marta Cristina
Profound changes began to take place in the agrarian structure from the 1950s onwards, which began the so-called "Green Revolution” which sought to enhance agricultural productivity with the use of chemical increments and technological machinery. In order to counter this form of production and commercialization, The Community that Sustains Agriculture (CSA) was born, which values the production of organic and/or agroecological foods combined with subsidizing production by consumers in urban areas. This case study described the formation of CSA Guajuvira in the municipality of São José dos Campos, in the Vale do Paraíba macroregion in the state of São Paulo. The case study methodology was used in order to collect data in ways: participatory, oral history and obtaining primary and secondary data through interviews, thus, systematizing information to understand the limitations, potential and challenges that this marketing model presents for farmers and co-farmers. As main results, information was obtained regarding the historical, social and environmental formation of CSA Guajuvira, as well as the perspective of CSA co-farmers regarding their participation in the community and possible changes in its structure.
A construção do agrário-ambiental no e do MST: o assentamento Mário Lago como síntese de um projeto em construção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-19)
Aquino, Manuela Martins da Costa
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Martins, Rodrigo Constante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6617183095074852
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6025831998105290
This thesis has as its main objective to analyze the agrarian-environmental construction of the Landless Rural Workers Movement, understanding that this Movement develops an original conception of environmental issues in its articulation with the agrarian issue. We start from these two major themes: the environmental issue and the agrarian issue, understanding that they are a constituent part of Brazilian history, a history marked by plunder and violence, specifically in its appropriations through the development of the capitalist mode of production. But, also, in understanding a history of struggle and resistance. More than the option of not addressing these themes separately, we intend to carry out this construction and dialogue between them based on the MST. We start from the understanding that we cannot exclude land and its use as one of the constituent elements of the accumulation through the spoliation of natural assets. To bring concrete questions to the investigation, we analyzed the Mário Lago settlement as an integral part of the agrarian-environmental conception in and of the MST. It was chosen due to its location in the municipality of Ribeirão Preto - SP, a city considered a reference for the success of agribusiness, with a preponderance of the sugar and alcohol sector, and because it is the first in São Paulo that had its expropriation marked by environmental issues, specifically related to Guarani aquifer. We hypothesize that for families organized in the MST, the struggle for land is a totality that encompasses demands for fair access to land, water, and natural assets. Thus, both the incorporation of the environmental issue and the agrarian issue arise primarily from the experience of struggle, from what landless families are confronted with in their practical experience of fighting for land. This experience begins to be elaborated theoretically and is incorporated by the movement not only on a theoretical level but in its programmatic content of agrarian reform. Our final understanding is that the MST has its elaboration on the agrarian-environmental issue, which articulates theoretical and practical issues. However, it is still under construction, which is characteristic of a collective subject that is in movement.
O sujeito do desempenho em busca da performance: ética e prática das psicociências no contexto neoliberal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-19)
Casare, Roberta Cristiane Sanches
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Leite, Kelen Christina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0993995005511082
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8590-1857
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8458029832695887
The present study seeks to understand how the "psycho-sciences" have become tools of neoliberal subjectivity, driving the performance-oriented individual in sustaining neoliberalism. The research in question aimed to review the construction process of the neoliberal subject, highlighting individualism and competition as intrinsic traits of this subject, as well as the hegemonic narrative of entrepreneurship as a solution to structural unemployment. Furthermore, it was observed that work precarization, flexibilization, and more recently, platformization, have led individuals to pursue high performance to survive in an increasingly scarce formal job market. The growing supply of professionals in psycho-sciences serves the performance-oriented individual, who, in turn, relentlessly seeks tools and enhancement and reprogramming practices. Narcissism as a social psychopathology resulting from this context is reinforced by contemporary therapeutic culture and spiritual practices. The analyses conducted contribute to questioning the ethics of psycho-sciences in the current context and highlight the importance of collective action and social organization as a counterpoint to the epidemic individualism of our times.
Avaliação da estrutura interna do questionário Wheelchair Mobility Activity Log (WC-MAL)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-19)
Santos, Tainara Rodrigues dos
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Ilha, Jocemar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6826318576830467
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6300-4696
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Pereira, Natalia Duarte
Introduction: The effects of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) include impairment of mobility, which requires the use of manual wheelchairs. Assessing the performance of wheelchair skills is essential since it is related to the quality of life of the wheelchair user. With this in mind, the Wheelchair Mobility Activity Log (WC-MAL) instrument was developed, which assesses the actual use of a manual wheelchair in people who have suffered an SCI. For the instrument to be more accurate, COSMIN recommends that its structural validity be measured. Objective: To assess the structural validity of the WC-MAL questionnaire applied to individuals with SCI and manual wheelchair users. Methods: A descriptive and quantitative cross-sectional study with a non-probabilistic convenience sample included 60 people diagnosed with SCI who use a manual wheelchair. The WC-MAL instrument was used to assess the actual mobility of wheelchair users using video calls. To assess the structural validity of the instrument, Rasch analysis was carried out, which evaluates the unidimensionality of the instrument's items and the relationship between them. The data collected was analyzed using Winsteps version 3.91.0. Results: By hierarchically ordering the items according to difficulty, it was observed that the easiest items were aligned with individuals with higher and more complete injuries, as well as with those who reported suffering shoulder pain, indicating low wheelchair skills. The more complex items, on the other hand, were commonly performed by individuals who had greater skills, in this case, individuals classified with lumbar and thoracic injuries. The DIF analysis found that the variables gender, level, and type of injury and shoulder pain could interfere with the responses and results of the instrument, representing a risk of bias. Items, where erratic or predictable behavior was observed in the Frequency, Performance, and Assistance scales, were excluded from the new version. No ceiling effect was observed; reliability and structural validity were adequate. Conclusion: The WC-MAL is suitable for assessing wheelchair performance by people with MSDs, but it was necessary to exclude items that did not fit the model. WC-MAL 2.0 was therefore prepared for publication.
Uberização e Plataformização: a exploração disfarçada de empreendedorismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-19)
Rocha, Fábio Armando
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Leite, Kelen Christina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0993995005511082
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8590-1857
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4994300547500611
In the face of changes brought about by the so-called Industry 4.0 and the impetus of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), the world of work undergoes a complete metamorphosis. Intermittent jobs, linked to a platform connected to mobile devices, enable a "gig economy" where services are provided through companies that mediate between the service user and the provider. The worker, once an industrial laborer, becomes a digital-era service proletarian today. The lack of opportunities in the formal job market, with its corresponding rights and social protection, shifts thousands of workers toward gig work through a platform. These platforms extract maximum surplus value from workers, providing neither fair compensation nor any rights outlined in labor laws. The neoliberal discourse of financialized capital supporting technology companies that develop and manage these platforms aligns with the ideology of freedom, flexibility, and entrepreneurship. This causes opacity in the exploitation, dependency, and impoverishment of the platformized working class. This research aims to study the new dynamics and impacts that Platform Capitalism and Gig Economy cause in the labor market and the working class as a whole. It also presents experiences that counter this model, such as platform cooperativism. This qualitative research employs a critical literature review and shares experiences to contribute to the theoretical discussion.
Sistema de visão e inteligência computacional em ambiente de nuvem para gestão de risco da ferrugem asiática na cultura da soja
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-19)
Neves, Ricardo Alexandre
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Cruvinel, Paulo Estevão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924553462118511
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8367-8233
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7190904094905221
Controlling Asian Soybean Rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) in soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merril) often requires high fungicide use, which can lead to resistance. Thus, new control solutions are needed for mitigation. This work presents an intelligent computer vision system for assessing the presence and severity of this disease in crop areas. It involves pattern recognition and machine learning techniques, enabling diagnostic actions for prognosis and control. It considers a decision-support model using random variables related to climate, plants, and characteristics recognized in digital images of monitored soybean leaves. For feature extraction, it uses scale-invariant feature transform, histogram of oriented gradients, and Hu’s invariant moments techniques. It uses cloud-based computational infrastructure and intelligent network processing, as well as principal component analysis for dimensionality reduction of features classified by support vector machines. Additionally, a hidden Markov model is used to fuse random variables, offering robustness, effectiveness, and efficiency, as confirmed by expert cross-correlation. To evaluate data quality at various system stages, metric sets such as peak signal-to-noise ratio, mean squared error, structural similarity index, missing values, accuracy, precision, F1-score, and recall are considered. This solution prevents and reduces fungicide use, enhancing production and guiding future early spatio-temporal monitoring of the disease on an agricultural scale.
Rumour spreading in dynamic random graphs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-19)
Pereira, Vicenzo Bonasorte Reis
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Gallo, Alexsandro Giacomo Grimbert
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4037274656833325
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9468034476394021
We study rumour spreading in dynamic random graphs. Starting with a single informed vertex, the information flows until it reaches all the vertices of the graph (completion), according to the following process. At each step $k$, the information is propagated to neighbours, in the $k$-th generated random graph, of the informed vertices. The way this information propagates from vertex to vertex at each step will depend of the "protocol". First we consider a sequence of graphs in which the presence or absence of an edge follows the dynamic of a Markov chain. We provide a method based on strong stationary times allowing to bound the completion time for the Markov dynamic using bounds on the completion time in the i.i.d. dynamic. We also consider the rumour spreading according to the Push Protocol (at every round, informed nodes send the rumour to one of their neighbours, chosen uniformly at random) in a sequence of independent stochastic block model random graphs. We are able to bound the completion time in this setting using comparisons with rumour spreading in dynamic random graphs with skeptical nodes (nodes that cannot become informed) and stifler nodes (nodes that, after being informed, do not spread the information further).
Educação em Angola: Experiência, Pesquisa e Esperança
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-20)
Nambua, Manuel
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Fortunato, Ivan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8293044394759438
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1870-7528
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6785890839371671
Each viewpoint of a study can indeed be the standpoint of a point. In this perspective, the present study emerges, inquisitive and qualitative in nature, conducting a thorough critical analysis of education and teacher training in Angola based on bibliographic research from theses and dissertations carried out by Angolan researchers in Brazilian universities, within postgraduate programs in Education. To achieve this, we aim to address the following research questions: What do studies produced in Brazil say about education in Angola? What are the main limitations and challenges in teacher training in Angola? Despite Angola being a country rich in mineral resources, why are education and teacher training still inadequate? What narratives are told in studies about the highlighted territory? To answer these questions, we mapped research in the Capes Theses and Dissertations Catalog database, refining 34 works after measurement, excluding 24, and analyzing 11 research studies. The results of the studies indicate that teacher training in Angola is still deficient, despite various educational reforms implemented by the government. Furthermore, training lacks greater attention regarding funding and educational policies. Given the evident scarcity of studies dedicated to pre-colonial education in Angola and scientific investigation, it is important to highlight the disagreement concerning the chronology of events related to the Portuguese invasion in Angola, particularly regarding the numerical data from the years 1482 and 1483. Therefore, aiming to reverse this situation, at the end of the studies, we propose an inventory based on keywords, focusing on the five vowels (A, E, I, O, U), to foster hope in education in Angola. This study is expected to emerge as a relevant and academic contribution to the body of knowledge about Angolan education. The plurality of perspectives offered by this research can enrich academic debates and foster deep reflections in the social, and perhaps, political sphere.
Despertar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-20)
Akashi, Amanda
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Moreira, Christara Fabricio
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Barbieri, Daniela Amanda Silva
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Silva, João Vítor dos Santos
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Amprino, Renato Francói
Report on the short film that tells the story of Nico and Thomas, childhood friends, who are separated. Years later, at the beginning of their adult lives, they meet again and feelings from the past resurface, causing them both to face personal dilemmas. This is how, between dreams and disagreements, Nico and Thomas reflect on life, themselves and love.
Os sentidos do envelhecimento: mulheres transexuais e travestis na cidade de Sorocaba-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-20)
Corrêa, Sarah Pedro
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Leite, Kelen Christina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0993995005511082
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1765896220867588
The presented dissertation aimed to analyze the meaning of aging in the life story narratives of transsexual and transvestite women residing in the city of Sorocaba, in the interior of the state of São Paulo. Specifically, the study sought to understand how these women construct their self-image, taking the aging process as a turning point, identifying and understanding, in their narratives, the systematic strategies for overcoming the conditions of violence and social and institutional exclusion to which they have been/are subjected. The research adopted Oral History as a theoretical-methodological approach, focusing on the memories and experiences of transsexual and transvestite women. Four transsexual and transvestite women over 35 years old, residing in the city of Sorocaba-SP, were interviewed. In conclusion, the study highlights the presence of adversities and challenges faced by these women, emphasizing, at the same time, the importance of public policies and measures that ensure the full exercise of their rights throughout their lives, specifically in old age.
Crenças de profissionais da política de assistência social em relação a questões raciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-20)
Silva, Jéssica Fernandes da
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Santana, Juliana Prates
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5039427427945450
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3352-9598
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Pessoa, Alex Sandro Gomes
In the Brazilian context, the social services gained its government policy status with the Federal Constitution, published in 1988. The search for transversality to promote racial and gender equality in state public policies has always been a goal to be reached in this policy. Nevertheless, black people are still suffering from high levels of racial inequality and social vulnerability, which implies that this population becomes the main group assisted by the Brazilian National Policy of Social Services. Studies regarding the expression of racism have reported more subtle processes, indicating an alteration in the phenomenon. To this extent, it is relevant to better understand how racial beliefs are built by the professionals who work in this policy, given that the expression of racism may negatively affect black population. The aim of this research was to evaluate the manifestation of racial prejudice and racism in professionals who work in social services and its different expressions. Furthermore, the research aimed to describe the different profiles of professionals regarding to racial beliefs and how they are expressed. To this end, two quantitative, exploratory, descriptive, and cross-sectional studies were conducted with professionals based at the Brazilian National Policy of Social Services. Participated in the study 175 professionals, being 153 (87,4%) females and 22 (12,6%) males, aged 23-65 years old. The following questionnaires were employed: Brazil Criteria, Scale of Modern Racism and Scale of Subtle and Blatant Prejudice. Findings from Study 1 showed that only the Scale of Modern Racism had internal consistency and acceptable reliability. There were no statistically significant differences across the groups analyzed based on the results from the three scales. Moreover, the instruments used were not able to identify variations of expressions of racial prejudice and racism in the participants. Given the recognition that structural racism exists in the country and affects several societal levels, even in the public policies, the findings of this study suggest the need to further investigate if quantitative approaches, such as those which employed self-report items, are appropriate to investigate the phenomenon of racism and racial prejudice. In the second study, similar profiles were clustered based on their responses on the three scales used in the first study, aiming to identify similar variables of racism and racial prejudice. It was possible to find a cluster (n=7) where the average of racism and racial prejudice were higher than the other groups. Professionals from social services policy who have high rates of racial prejudice and racist are contributing to maintaining vulnerability conditions within the context of black population.. Given the challenges of researching this complex theme, and the limits of an adequate representativity with the number of participants of this research, we suggested that further analysis be developed in future by the integration of different methodological strategies, such as mixed-method studies approach.
Grupo Escolar de Ribeirão Claro: reconstrução histórica no período de configuração da concepção pedagógica produtivista no Brasil (1969-2001)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-20)
Lima, Maria Antonia de
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Hayashi, Carlos Roberto Massao
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9136586124586219
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1481-5545
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1247425462818868
This work belongs to the field of the History of Education, being fitted in the thematic of the History of School Institutions and having the Marxist theoretical-methodological framework as epistemological guideline. It aimed to reconstruct the history of the Grupo Escolar de Ribeirão Claro, located in the state of Paraná, in the years from 1969 to 2001 – period in which, in Brazil, a productivist pedagogical conception was developed – constituting a continuation of a previous study on the same institution in the period from 1932 to 1969. In order to attain its objectives, the research undertook bibliographic and documentary analyses as well as used oral history to construct sources. In this way, primary and constructed sources were examined in parallel with the study of the historical and educational contexts of the considered society. Finally, efforts were made to highlight the school culture of the institution in the delimited period, which pointed out to your social goals and social sense. The main findings show that the quantitative expansion of the public school directly influenced the practice of the Grupo Escolar de Ribeirão Claro, just as the urbanization processes and the rural-to-urban migration affected the professional destiny of its students. In addition, the socioeconomic profile of the students changed and the effects of economic inequality was experienced in the school environment. Likewise, some indications of implementation of neoliberal policies of education in the institution was identified, such as the school autonomy and decentralization as well as the preparation of students for the job market.
A feira COMSAL como espaço de sociabilidade entre os sujeitos na UFSCar campus Lagoa do Sino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-20)
Lima, Cintia de
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Mota, Ilka de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9991950104035858
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6637-4310
This research aimed to describe and understand how Feira da Lagoa works, the result of the extension project entitled Commercialization with Food Security (COMSAL) started in 2016. To do this, we used a bibliographical review on the historical constitution of the fair and the family. farmers, as well as the sociological analysis of the COMSAL fair in the territorial space of the Lagoa do Sino campus. Through this study we were able to understand that the COMSAL project is closely related to the fundamental pillars that permeate the Pedagogical Curricular Proposal of the Administration course, namely: Territorial Development, Sustainability, Food Security and Agro-industrial Systems.
Fracture of refractories at room and elevated temperatures analyzed with wedge splitting tests and image correlation
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-20)
Maginador, Rafael Vargas
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Canto, Rodrigo Bresciani
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Hild, François
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1316268411830615
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6264418295809174
Industrial high-temperature processes relies on castable refractories, whose formulation and characterization become crucial for minimizing energy loss and costs. Increasing the failure predictability is key to reducing risks in such applications. Few high-temperature mechanical tests were analyzed with full-field measurement techniques that allow for the evaluation of fracture mechanisms directly for in-service temperature ranges. With complex microstructures, crack propagation is not always known through the depth of the specimen. This thesis aims to fill in this gap with the analysis of full-field measurements of Wedge Splitting Tests (WSTs) under two experimental configurations, namely, high-temperatures assisted by Digital Image Correlation (DIC), and room-temperature WSTs performed within a tomograph with Digital Volume Correlation (DVC). Experimental forces and full-field displacements provide trustworthy boundary conditions and robust data to validate simulations of crack propagation with Finite Element (FE) codes. Two furnaces suited for DIC were used for the thermomechanical experiments, one reaching up to 600°C and another, built during this thesis, up to 900°C, with the former allowing for the visualization from one side and the latter from opposite sides of the sample. An alumina-based castable refractory with mullite-zirconia aggregates was used for the studies, providing technologically relevant toughening at higher temperatures and good contrast for X-ray imaging. Cohesive zone models were chosen to describe crack propagation, whose parameters were calibrated using the FE Model Updating (FEMU) technique. Several methodological developments were needed from exploiting a limited field-of-view, design and fabricating one furnace, to using additive manufacturing to produce molds for notched cylindrical specimens. Fracture parameters were obtained in different configurations, and are discussed considering changes arising from the specimen geometry, crack path definition, sintering and testing temperatures. Insight is given into fracture processes in this stable crack propagation test within the bulk of the specimen and in environments closer to the final application temperatures.
Nanofibras de poli(tereftalato de etileno) (PET) reciclável eletrofiadas e impregnadas com nanotubos de carbono para serem aplicadas na filtração de gases tóxicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-20)
Medeiros, Gabriela Brunosi
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Almeida, Daniela Sanches de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5176005878072446
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4878-7880
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Aguiar, Mônica Lopes
The development of new materials in the manufacturing of more effective filtering media for the control of gaseous pollutants has attracted significant interest from industries in various sectors in recent years. This is due to the adverse effects of air pollution on human health, coupled with increasingly stringent environmental laws governing ultrafine particulate matter control. In an attempt to develop air filters with high collection efficiency for nanoparticles, the fabrication of membranes composed by nanofibers has gained prominence in both the scientific and industrial domains. Thus, the main objective of this study was the production of recyclable poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) nanofiber membranes impregnated with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) that exhibit high performance in filtering nanoparticles in gas streams, as well as adsorption of CO2 gas. For this purpose, a factorial design was employed, statistically analyzing process parameters such as concentration, injection flow rate, and applied voltage, with the average diameter as the response variable. Morphological, structural, and thermal characterizations of the developed nanofibers were conducted. As a result, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) filters were obtained through the electrospinning technique with average diameters ranging from 300 to 600 nm. These filters demonstrated high performance in the filtration of fine particulate matter, with efficiencies of 95.7% and 99.8%, and pressure drops of 48.5 Pa and 223 Pa, respectively. Filters produced with SWCNTs showed no structural or thermal changes compared to PET-produced filters, while also proving effective in the removal of fine particulate matter. CO2 adsorption tests were conducted on the filtering media produced with SWCNTs. The filters produced through impregnation in both tested methodologies exhibited good CO2 adsorption capacity: 5.63 mg/g and 5.49 mg/g for surface impregnation and solution impregnation, respectively. Therefore, based on the obtained results, it can be stated that PET/SWCNT filters are promising for application for air and gas filtration systems, as they were efficient in removing fine particulate matter and adsorbing toxic gases such as CO2.
Efeitos do bloqueio da síntese da corticosterona sobre o congelamento condicionado de machos e fêmeas em diferentes fases do ciclo estral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-20)
Chiossi, Joyce Nonato
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Oliveira, Amanda Ribeiro de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4993675879410961
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8457-7338
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1274270394524851
Metyrapone, an inhibitor of adrenal corticosteroid synthesis, has been associated with alterations in the conditioned freezing response in male rats. However, the effects of metyrapone on aversive conditioning in females, whose brain operates in a context of cyclic variation of sexual hormones, remain underexplored. Simultaneously, previous studies have demonstrated poorer performance in contextual fear extinction in females, suggesting a potential relationship between sex differences and conditioned fear. Thus, the overall aim of this study was to assess the involvement of corticosterone in the expression and extinction of the conditioned freezing response in both male and female rats, considering different phases of the estrous cycle. It was anticipated that blocking corticosterone synthesis through metyrapone administration would reduce the expression of conditioned freezing in both males and females, without affecting motor activity, with more robust results during proestrus/estrus. To achieve this, we evaluated the effects of metyrapone (30 and 60 mg/kg) in contextual aversive conditioning in adult Wistar rats (45 males and 93 females; CEUA protocol 9367190422). The female rats designated for experiments were grouped based on the estrous cycle phase on the day of testing, into proestrus/estrus and metestrus/diestrus. Animals underwent a contextual aversive conditioning protocol, involving the presentation of electric footshocks during the training session. After 24 hours, metyrapone or vehicle was administered, followed by a test session to assess the freezing response. Retention of extinction was evaluated in a retest session conducted 24 hours after the test. Catalepsy and motor activity in the open field were assessed in animals 48 hours after retesting. Overall, blocking corticosterone synthesis with metyrapone impaired the extinction of conditioned contextual freezing response in both males and females. On the other hand, metyrapone reduced the expression of conditioned fear only in males. Additionally, metyrapone did not produce motor impairment in males, as assessed by catalepsy and open field tests. In females, however, metyrapone increased horizontal exploration in the open field. These results suggest the importance of corticosterone in contextual aversive conditioning, with sex-dependent involvement in conditioned fear expression, while its role in extinction appears to be independent of sex and estrous cycle phase, but more robust for males and metaestrus/diestrus females.
Um estudo sobre jogos eletrônicos para o ensino de engenharia de software
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-20)
Bastos, Gustavo David Leite
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Beder, Delano Medeiros
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5845245549777383
The reviewed work converges on the point about software engineering, particularly in initial stages of computer education, being highly theoretical and abstract (CALDERÓN et al., 2017; CLEGG et al., 2017; MONTENEGRO et al., 2017; PETRI et al., 2017; PIEPER et al., 2017; ALATRISTA-SALAS & NUNEZ-DEL-PRADO, 2018; LARENAS et al., 2018; LÓPEZ-FERNÁNDEZ et al., 2022), which causes mass loss of interest and difficulty to learn its basic concepts and theories, amongst students, given the gap between in-class theory and real applications for that. However, software engineering is essential to reduce production and post-production costs and maintenance (people, time and money). To counter such a problem, different methods from different knowledge areas have been studied as complementary methods to motivate and facilitate the learning of SE. Two examples are gamification (applying game elements in a non-game context) and serious games (games with goals beyond entertainment - usually education or training of skills - in a safe environment). This work focuses on digital serious games and aims to survey which digital games are used to support SE learning/teaching and which areas of SE are supported by such games, as well as the means to evaluate and assess its impact on learning.