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Manufatura aditiva robotizada: desenvovimento de faixa adequada de parâmetros de impressão 3D para os polímeros PLA e PCL, e para blendas PLA/PCL
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Pulquerio, Eduardo Costa; Shiki, Sidney Bruce; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9373-3630; Barbosa, Gustavo Franco; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4027686840017498; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2961-5178; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0656059888730618; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5020-8887
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a disruptive technology with enormous potential to replace traditional manufacturing methods. There is an optimistic perspective to increase the use of AM because diverse applications were developed, and so many ongoing projects are active. The AM technology based in extrusion, that uses prefabricated polymeric filaments, is known as FFF (Fused Filament Fabrication). By coupling a screw extruder to the printing system, the materials are fed simultaneously with the printing, so the technique is known as FGF (Fused Granular Fabrication). Both techniques have slow manufacturing speed, in comparison to injection molding, for example, that limits their use for mass production. To overcome that disadvantage, a single-screw extruder was coupled to an anthropomorphic robotic arm, configurating the Robotic Additive Manufacturing (RAM), suitable for complex and large-sized 3D objects cases. PLA is a material widely used in AM, therefore, it was evaluated its behavior in the 3D printing system used. The PCL biopolymer was selected to promote a reduction in the elastic modulus and in the extrusion temperature of the PLA. Extruding PLA at a lower temperature can be useful when working with composites, for example in PLA/PCL reinforced with vegetable natural fibers. The materials were thermally characterized by DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and thermo-mechanically evaluated by DMA (Dynamic-Mechanical Analysis). The most important process parameters were set by a suitable experimental campaign, ensuring a regular geometry of the deposited layer. One-layer 200mm long deposited tracks samples was obtained by the combination of process parameters. After the dimensional measurement, a multiple regression analysis was performed to describe the relationship between the process parameters and the geometry of the layer. The obtained mathematical models were used to set up suitable combination of process parameters for slicing and then printing 3D parts. The printed parts were used in thermo-mechanical evaluations in DMA (Dynamic-Mechanical Analysis). A large-sized 3D object was also printed as study case.
Participação Ocupacional de mães com dor lombar nos cuidados com o bebê
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Buin, Luciana; Joaquim, Regina Helena Vitale Torkomian; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7719481657895650; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3700-397X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0932365422007861; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1824-5749
Low back pain is one of the biggest causes of disability in the world, and has a high incidence in women during pregnancy, and may persist in the postpartum period, becoming chronic. Its presence impacts maternal baby care activities; therefore it is important to develop actions that help mothers manage pain and facilitate their routine. The main objective of this research was to understand the role of occupational therapy with mothers with gestational low back pain in their participation in the care of their babies up to two years old to create educational material in the form of an educational booklet. To achieve this, three articulated studies were developed (systematic reviews, Survey research and construction of an educational booklet, validated by a committee of experts). The results of study 1 (reviews) revealed that therapists work in activities of daily living and return to work with pain management and stress management strategies and that low back pain has important impacts on relationships and emotional well-being of pregnant women and postpartum women. In study 2 (Survey), participants indicated that low back pain impacts activities such as putting in and taking out of the crib, carrying and bathing. Based on these results, an educational booklet was created that presents information on gestational low back pain and guidance on pain management and strategies for organizing the environment. This research demonstrates that occupational therapists can contribute positively not only to the management of gestational low back pain, but to the impact of pain in psychosocial contexts, supporting women in their adaptation to the maternal role and helping to build new skills and adjustments in the face of low back pain.
Interface entre EJA e educação especial: potencialidades da diferenciação pedagógica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Bueno, Melina Brandt; Gaitas, Sérgio; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7367-2321; Campos, Juliane Aparecida de Paula Perez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3169299095370522; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0789-808X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8296092373858242; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2831-8948
Given the complexity and diversity of Adult Education (EJA), it is essential to adopt teaching strategies that consider the different educational needs and contribute to the development and autonomy of individuals. The study begins by questioning the pedagogical practices developed, considering differentiated instruction as a proposal to meet students' diversity. Thus, its general objective is to analyze perspectives and practices on differentiated instruction, according to teachers working in Adult Education. The specific objectives are to identify the levels of importance and difficulty of a set of differentiated instruction practices by teachers; analyze pedagogical practices and their interface with components of differentiated instruction; and understand the meaning of the reflective formative process focusing on the differentiated instruction approach and its implications in teaching practice. For this purpose, descriptive research was conducted, organized into two stages: the first based on survey research, with the application of a virtual questionnaire involving 115 teachers, followed by descriptive statistical analysis of the data; and the second, based on collaborative research, with data collection in virtual settings through reflective sessions, including study and reflection cycles, with four participants, followed by content analysis with thematic categorization. As results, the first stage identified the importance of differentiated instruction practices and low difficulty in their implementation; with the development of the reflective formative process, the potential application of differentiated instruction practices in the context of Adult Education was verified, with some particularities of this modality highlighted, which could become obstacles if not considered in teacher planning and school organization. Additionally, there was an alignment between the studied practices and those already conducted by the participants. The study also indicated a positive evaluation of collaborative development and signs of changes in teaching practice, emphasizing the need for ongoing training programs for teachers addressing the specific context of Adult Education, as well as considering their experiences.
Desvio de obstáculos para UAVs em ambientes Dinâmicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Kim, Pedro Henrique Corrêa; Vivaldini, Kelen Cristiane Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5245409138233148; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5985-9635; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8617194948625699; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8269-1137
The growing use and accessibility of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have provided an opportunity for automation in various applications. One area of great interest is the development of autonomous UAVs to perform tasks such as inspecting and exploring inaccessible or dangerous environments. Regardless of the application, the ability of UAVs to plan their own trajectory under different conditions is crucial. In this context, there is a significant effort to develop algorithms that ensure the autonomy of UAVs, allowing diverse interactions with the environment without the need for human intervention. Although there are various algorithms capable of performing trajectory planning in unknown and unstructured environments, the presence of dynamic obstacles poses a substantial challenge. The latency of sensors and the nature of existing algorithms limit their effectiveness in environments with moving obstacles. Given this scenario, this master's dissertation proposes the development of an innovative algorithm capable of addressing these challenges, using adaptive techniques from faster obstacle avoidance and obstacle detection algorithms. The goal is to provide a robust and reliable solution for autonomous trajectory planning in dynamic environments, where conventional methods face difficulties and may pose safety risks.
Desenvolvimento do sentido de número em crianças de 4 a 5 anos e 11 meses
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Pagani, Karla Bertacini Brassi; Ciríaco, Klinger Teodoro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2947929641568853; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4551799490770018
This study refers to a master's degree research, linked to the Professional Postgraduate Program in Education (PPGPE) at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), with the main objective of analyzing the interactions and representations of Early Childhood Education children, with a specific age between 4 to 5 years and 11 months, in mathematical exploration situations developed from the perspective of number sense. For the discussion, reflections on multiple functions of the number in different contexts and that the social use of this demarcates forms of representation that give senses to children's learning, starting from pre-school. The methodology is part of the field of qualitative studies, of an interpretative-analytical nature, in which, from the intervention research, the researcher is the teacher of the class investigated. In this way, the proposal was to put myself in the place of a teacher-researcher about the implications of teaching practice in situations designed to understand number sense in the class. The data production instruments were: observation, intervention and video recording of dialogues created with children based on the scenarios established for this purpose. In summary, due to little exploration of the theme of Mathematics in Early Childhood Education, evidenced in previous works, the results obtained may serve as support for professionals who work with this age group, helping them to create rich, meaningful and challenging learning environments. As a central result of the reflections expressed in the research, we constituted a Product Educational in the form of an e-book entitled "Number Sense with Children in Preschool Age: 4 Experiences for Mathematical Exploration", which we consider relevant with a view to raising performance indicators for early childhood educators.
Estudo da reação de hidrogenação de CO2 para a síntese de álcoois em catalisadores à base de Cu e Co
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Oliveira, Francisco Marcelo dos Santos de; Gomes, Janaina Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6718634914051168; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8084352985025065
CO2 is a gaseous chemical compound important for maintaining life on Earth, being used in the photosynthesis process by plants, which forms glucose and releases oxygen into the atmosphere. Furthermore, it is the main greenhouse gas, a natural process that retains heat and keeps the Earth's surface warm, ensuring the necessary temperature and climate conditions to life. Anthropogenic activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, industrial processes, deforestation, and fires have increased the concentration of this gas in the atmosphere in recent years. Consequently, the greenhouse effect has intensified, increasing the planet's temperature, and resulting in anomalous climate phenomena, such as the melting of polar ice caps, rising sea levels, and more frequent episodes of drought, floods, storms and hurricanes in different regions. CO2 recycling technologies have been developed with the aim of reducing the emission of this gas and mitigating its effects on climate change. The catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 for the generation of products of commercial interest, such as methanol and ethanol, for example, is a technology that has attracted the attention of recent research, given the wide industrial applicability of these alcohols and the possibility of carbon recycling. In the present study, the CO2 hydrogenation reaction was investigated to produce alcohols using catalysts based on cobalt, copper and a combination between cobalt and copper. It was observed that CuO-Co3O4-Al2O3 catalysts with different Co:Cu mass ratios have improved methanol productivity when compared to CuO-Al2O3 or Co3O4-Al2O3, while ethanol was obtained only in Co3O4-Al2O3. The promotion of Co3O4-Al2O3 by the alkali metals Na, K, Rb or Cs with a mass content of 2% showed better catalytic performance for the formation of ethanol, with emphasis on 2%Na-Co3O4-Al2O3, which increased the ethanol productivity approximately 25 times compared to non-promoted material, while methanol productivity decreased with promotion by different alkali metals. Furthermore, the highest ethanol productivity in the present work, corresponding to 5.3 µmol/gcat.h, was achieved using the 2%K-Co3O4-Al2O3 catalyst under the reaction conditions of T = 220 °C, P = Patm and GHSV = 24,000 mL/gcat.h.
Adaptações cardiovasculares e autonômicas em pessoas pós-AVC submetidos a exercício aeróbico: uma revisão sistemática com meta-análise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Feltrin, Marluci; Russo, Thiago Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2755480908047791; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5483-3097; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1574200023591975; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3195-7924
Stroke has been considered the third leading cause of death and disability. Following a stroke, due to the brain-heart interaction, numerous changes in the morphology and physiology of the heart and blood vessels may occur. Aerobic Exercise (AE) has been recommended as a key component in the treatment for the physical conditioning of individuals who have had a stroke and also as a means to increase physical activity levels in this population. Objective: Characterize through systematic review the adaptations of cardiac and autonomic function in post-stroke individuals undergoing aerobic exercise. Methodology: This is a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. The risk of bias in the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Randomized clinical trials with post-stroke patients undergoing aerobic exercise with heart rate monitoring were included in the eligibility criteria. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023460570). Results: A total of 10,747 studies were initially identified, 8,068 were excluded after title and abstract reading, 67 were read in full, and 7 studies were included for analysis. A total of 301 volunteers were randomized to aerobic exercise training or control group, with 168 volunteers having ischemic stroke and 94 having hemorrhagic stroke. The exercises performed included treadmill, ground/pool walking, and cycle ergometer, with intensity control ranging from moderate to high (above 70% of heart rate reserve). The intensity of interventions in the control group was considered light (<40% of heart rate reserve). All seven studies were classified as low risk of bias. A total of 4 studies were included in the meta-analysis, and for all investigated variables, a null effect of the intervention was suggested, as all points touched the zero axis. GRADE analysis was not conducted in this study due to the very low number of included studies and the detected null effect. Conclusion: Considering the criteria of this review, aerobic exercise was not able to induce improvement in the cardiovascular system of individuals who had a stroke; however, further studies are needed to investigate cardiovascular adaptations in individuals who have had a stroke.
Estudo da influência da velocidade e temperatura de operação em impressão 3D por extrusão de polímeros granulados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Zutin, Gabriel Consoni; Shiki, Sidney Bruce; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523; Barbosa, Gustavo Franco; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4027686840017498; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7858334133512436
Additive manufacturing is gaining more space in the universe of large-scale production. Invented as an agile and flexible production process, it emerged as a rapid prototyping alternative for small assemblies with complex geometry. Today, the challenges in this new direction towards large-scale manufacturing are numerous. Larger printing platforms, combined with the use of large extruders controlled by robotic arms are examples of new applications of additive manufacturing. The process also needs to adapt to the new requirements. It can be said that the printing quality combined with good properties are among the most desired by the market. In this way, the main objective of this research was to identify the influence of the variables speed and temperature in the printing method by extrusion of granulated material, in the properties of the extruded polymer and printing quality. For this, samples were collected from an extruder customized for vertical orientation of three different polymers (ABS, PLA and PCL), dimensional measurements of filaments were carried out, as well as measurement of extrusion pressure, weight and volume. Thermal characterization was also carried out using DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), to verify the thermal transition temperatures (Tg and Tm) and the degree of crystallinity (Xc). to verify the glass and melt temperatures (Tg and Tm), and the degree of crystallinity (Xc). After compiling all the results, it is possible to conclude that for the three polymers, the rotation speed of 20 rpm manages can deliver filaments with good properties, without significantly losing the geometric qualities. ABS proved to be better when extruded at 190°C and it was also possible to conclude that at 180°C the ABS may not have melted correctly, and that at 200°C there are signs of degradation of the material. PLA showed its best performance extruded at 170°C and at lower temperatures, its density was lower, which can be explained by the polymer not having melted correctly. For PCL, better characteristics were observed when extruded at a temperature of 70°C, but there was great difficulty in handling, cooling and solidifying the samples due to its low melting temperature, relatively close to room temperature. Finally, it is possible to conclude that PCL is not suitable for large extruders, and for the additive manufacturing process of large-scale parts.
Investigação das propriedades de medida do teste Timed “Up and Go” Assessment of Biomechanical Strategies (TUG-ABS) para crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Silva, Ana Paula Zanardi da; Campos, Ana Carolina de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5292093208120940; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7267-4467; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1629074944244130; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6220-0452
Changes in mobility are important activity limitations in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). One of the assessment instruments frequently used to measure your mobility is the Timed “Up and Go” (TUG). Aiming to offer more planned information about the biomechanical strategies used to perform the test, the Timed “Up and Go” Assessment of Biomechanical Strategies (TUG-ABS) was developed, which has not yet been validated for children and adolescents. Objectives: To investigate the measurement properties (validity and reliability) of the TUG-ABS test for children and adolescents with CP. Methodology: This is a methodological study, in which nine professionals answered a questionnaire with questions to determine content validity and 50 participants with CP (levels I to III in the gross motor function classification system [GMFCS]) and 50 participants typically developing (TD), aged 7 to 18 years, performed the TUG test to determine the discriminant and convergent validity and reliability of the TUG-ABS. The test was filmed with a video camera positioned in the sagittal plane for subsequent TUG-ABS scoring. For content validity, the analysis of discursive responses was carried out descriptively and of multiple choice responses using the content validity index per item (I-IVC). To compare groups in TUG-ABS phases and total victories, Mann-Whitney tests were applied. Spearman brightness coefficients determined the associations between phase predictions and total TUG-ABS results and the time taken to perform the TUG. The inter-rater reliability of stage wins and total scores was calculated using the weighted Kappa statistic. Results: The TUG-ABS presented adequate content validity from the perspective of professionals and all questions met or exceeded the I-IVC of 0.78. It was able to differentiate between children and adolescents with CP and TD and presented a negative impact on the time taken to perform the TUG in the group with CP. Furthermore, it presented adequate inter-rater reliability. Conclusion: The TUG-ABS declared adequate measurement properties in children and adolescents with CP.
Análise de publicações referente a intervenções para a dor crônica: uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Manin, Gabriela Zenaro; Vasilceac, Fernando Augusto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1220838672192063; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3520-5519; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461370258717237; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1220838672192063; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0289-8866
Chronic pain is a globally recognized and multifaceted condition, notable for its complexity, causes, and health impacts. Primary Health Care is of paramount importance for the implementation of Multidisciplinary Care Lines to ensure comprehensive treatment. This study aims to support innovative practices within the Unified Health System, acknowledging the need for more efficient approaches to address the growing prevalence of chronic pain. Objectives: The objectives include mapping the feasibility of a multidisciplinary care line for chronic pain, analyzing literature on chronic pain, treatment, and professional practices; proposing guidelines and creating a care line. Methodology: The study's methodology involves a scope review and documentary analysis with a qualitative approach, following the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR. It encompasses literature on chronic pain, healthcare, and legislations, aiming to map and identify gaps. The research strategy involved terms such as "Chronic Pain," "Delivery of Healthcare," and "Healthcare Models." The search took place on databases such as SciELO, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane, with defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. After study selection, data extraction followed a validated instrument, and the analysis considered the level of evidence and grades of recommendation. Results were organized into categories such as articles, protocols, and recommendations, providing a comprehensive view of the topic in Primary Health Care. Results and Discussion: The scope review highlighted the effectiveness of multidisciplinary approaches, such as psychological interventions and physical treatments, emphasizing the importance of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT). It revealed the complexity of chronic pain management, underscoring the need for an integrated approach. It noted the diversity of factors influencing pain perception, including psychosocial aspects and physiological mechanisms. The study addressed challenges faced by healthcare professionals and the urgency of evidence-based practices. It emphasized the importance of self-management of chronic pain with effective interventions and governmental recognition.
Filmes poliméricos a base de carboximetil celulose reforçados com nanocelulose com potencial para encapsular o agente de biocontrole Trichoderma harzianum
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Ferreira, Aline Medeiro; Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0429365490105149; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6227-4566
The use of microorganisms for pest and disease biocontrol in plants represents an environmentally friendlier alternative to agrochemicals, potentially contributing to the development of more sustainable agriculture. Among the microorganisms marketed as biopesticides, the fungus Trichoderma harzianum (T. harzianum) stands out due to its various mechanisms of action against pathogens. However, the viability of microbial inoculants still needs to be improved to ensure better field efficiency and longer shelf life. In this regard, formulations for microbial encapsulation have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the properties of these bioproducts. Among the polymers with potential for microbial encapsulation, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) stands out due to its origin derived from cellulose, the most abundant natural polymer in nature. However, considering its mechanical limitations, the incorporation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) as reinforcing agents has been studied. Thus, the present study aimed to develop polymeric matrices based on low and medium viscosity CMC reinforced with CNC for the encapsulation of T. harzianum aiming at application as a coating for fertilizer granules. The films were produced by the casting method, characterized regarding their physicochemical and morphological properties, before and after the addition of the microorganism. In addition, assays were performed with the encapsulated microorganism for plate growth, spore release in saline solution, and viability during a 3-month storage period. The results obtained indicate that matrices based on 1.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (medium viscosity) (CMCmedium) and the nanocomposite with 1.5% CMCmedium and 0.25% CNC showed better results in terms of surface uniformity, mechanical resistance, slower solubility profiles in water, lower degree of swelling, slower release of the microorganism from the matrix, and viability over time. The use of these matrices in coating MAP fertilizer granules did not interfere with the growth of T. harzianum. These results highlight the efficiency of the proposed formulations as a potential strategy for coating fertilizer granules and delivering microorganisms.
Análise sistemática dos aspectos ambientais do consumo de EPIs poliméricos durante a pandemia e ACV da produção de respiradores PFF2 sem válvula com polímero reciclado visando redução dos impactos ambientais.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Teixeira, Luiz Gustavo; Prado, Karen de Souza do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9180662299851060; Paiva, Jane Maria Faulstich de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7926832511513537; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1075886193864107
The increased consumption of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as masks, face shields, glasses and gloves to combat the Covid-19 pandemic has increased the generation of polymeric waste. As production and consumption patterns in industry and society generate environmental impacts, studies focused on the increase in polymer consumption during and after the Covid-19 pandemic are essential. The general objective of this work was to propose actions to reduce the impacts generated by the production of FFP2 respirators without valves, considering the increase in consumption of these respirators during the Covid-19 pandemic. Through a systematic literature review (RBS), it was identified that the main environmental aspects linked to the increase in PPE consumption were: i) environmental pollution; ii) increase in microplastics in water; iii) water contamination; iv) food contamination; v) reduction/elimination, recycling in some locations; vi) increase in the consumption of virgin polymers. In the LCA, according to OpenLCA standard protocols, AGRIBALYSE_V301 database, ECOINVENT v3.7.1 database and ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H) calculation methodology, five scenarios were proposed with different proportions of secondary recycling polypropylene for the manufacture of the FFP2 respirator without valve, due to its higher consumption and similarity with the N95. Among the 18 impact category options, global warming and water consumption were presented in greater detail. The results indicate that the use of 10% recycled polypropylene might cause the lowest environmental impacts in terms of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and water consumption to generate electricity. In addition, it also has a potential to reduce the monthly consumption of fossil resources by around 97.87 t Oil eq and the emissions of toxic substances by around 90.60 t 1.4-DCB. This work also suggests future LCA studies using different scenarios, such as national polypropylene, rainwater, wind or solar energy, and recycled aluminum.
Tradução, adaptação cultural e validação da “COVID-19 - Impact on Quality of Life Scale (COV19-QoL)” para o contexto brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Takimoto, Thaís Lieko de Oliveira; Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7395879552721664; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5714-6890; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0200377965204469; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1630-5592
INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The main symptoms caused were fever, tiredness and dry cough, and in older people or with other health conditions, they have a greater risk of severity of the disease. In view of the above, the availability of an instrument that assesses the impact of COVID-19 on the quality of life (QoL) of Brazilians is extremely important. OBJECTIVE: Translate, culturally adapt and validate the “COVID-19 - Impact on Quality of Life Scale (COV19-QoL)” for the Brazilian context. METHOD: This is a methodological study, with the following steps: initial translation of the COV19-QoL into Brazilian Portuguese, synthesis of translations, back-translation of the scale into English, review by a committee composed of six experts, pre-testing of the version pre-final COV19-QoL, carried out with 40 participants and analysis of the internal consistency and construct validity of the adapted version of COV19-QoL. For this last stage, there were 128 participants, who responded to the following instruments: Sociodemographic characterization of the sample; adapted Brazilian version of COV19-QoL; Medical Outcomes Study 36- Item Short Form Health Survey (SF- 36) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). All ethical precepts were respected. RESULTS: COV19-QoL was translated by two independent translators, after which the consensual version was established, which was back-translated by a third translator, who was unaware of the research objectives and had English as his native language. A review was then carried out by six experts, who assessed the scale's equivalences. The content validity index was satisfactory, obtaining CVI=1 in five items and one with CVI= 0.86 (item 6), being reviewed and modified. In the pre-test, the sample consisted of 40 participants, the majority of whom were female (82.5%) and were single (50%). Regarding the perception of the impact of COVID-19 on the participants' quality of life, an average COV19-QoL score of 3.46 (±0.94) and satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of 0.843) were obtained. Participants considered the scale clear and understandable and did not make any suggestions for modification. For the analysis of psychometric properties, the sample consisted of 128 participants, the majority of whom were female (73.4%) and were single (61.7%). Regarding the perception of the impact of COVID-19 on QoL, an average score of 3.46 (±1.19) was obtained in COV19-QoL and internal consistency was satisfactory (0.830). Regarding convergent construct validity, a significant positive correlation of moderate magnitude was confirmed between the COV19-QoL score and the total DASS-21 (r = 0.435), as well as in the “Depression” domains (r = 0.424), “Stress” (r = 0.431) and “Anxiety” (r = 0.401). In the correlation between COV19-QoL and the dimensions of the SF-36, a significant negative correlation, of moderate magnitude, was confirmed with the domains “Physical Aspects” (r= - 0.335), “Pain” (r= - 0.378), “Social Aspects” (r= - 0.424), “Emotional Aspects” (r= - 0.361) and “Mental Health” (r= - 0.415) and of low magnitude in “Functional Capacity” (r= - 0.218) and “State general health” (r= - 0.187). In the discriminant validity of COV19-QoL, discriminatory power was confirmed, as participants with “Depression” (3.77), “Anxiety” (3.76) and “Stress” (3.84) showed a greater impact of COVID -19 in QOL, compared to those who did not, who obtained averages of 3.22 for Depression (p ≤ 0.005), 3.23 for Anxiety (p ≤ 0.041) and 3.22 for Stress (p ≤ 0.001). In the confirmatory factor analysis, satisfactory values were found in the Comparative Fit Index (CFI=0.905), in the Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI=0.908), in the Standardized Fit Index (NFI =0.967), in the Adequacy Index (GFI =0.884), the Adjusted Adequacy Index (AGFI=0.819) and the Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA=0.034). The scale is unidimensional, with factor loadings on item 1 (0.663), item 2 (0.769), item 3 (0.544), item 4 (0.799), item 5 (0.420) and item 6 (0.716). CONCLUSION: The COV19-QoL is culturally adapted and presented satisfactory evidence of reliability and validity for the Brazilian context.
A presença do currículo oculto no Currículo Paulista na área de Ciências da Natureza: possibilidades de superação a partir da perspectiva crítica freireana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Bimbatti, Bianca Rita; Silva, Antonio Fernando Gouvêa da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9621931288117213; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6192118814923360
The curriculum is historically understood by an organizational perspective in relation to content. However, scientific production in the area and the practice experienced in schools shows that the curriculum is configured far beyond technical planning, involving political, ethical and aesthetic aspects. Furthermore, the curriculum is configured as a space for the production of meanings, imposing values and behaviors on its students. In this sense, Apple (2006) established a relationship between the organization of the educational system and the capitalist economic system, reflecting on the existence of a hidden curriculum in schools. This hidden curriculum is responsible for guaranteeing the relevant social learning necessary for the maintenance of the hegemonically dominant classes in the capitalist economic system. In this work, an analysis of the Natural Sciences area of the São Paulo Curriculum was carried out, in order to find aspects of the curriculum hidden in the contents selected for the discipline, and thus finding possibilities for overcoming them using Freire's critical pedagogy. Based on a documentary analysis and semistructured interviews with professors in the area of Natural Sciences, two categories of analysis were defined to carry out this work: ideology and authentic praxis, based on the epistemological contributions of Paulo Freire. During the research, it was possible to highlight the Paulista Curriculum as an ideological document, which contributes to an instrumentalized and decontextualized Science Teaching, functioning as an adaptation tool.
Mulheres negras no processo de levante das calçadas: chão, encruzilhadas e ancoragens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Santos, Marilda Paixão Isaias; Monteiro, Rosana Batista; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2567706339313166; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1672-8912; Burgos, Rosalina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0430255108623706; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6329-2931; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070399973027526; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0136-0347
This research examines the black women in the construction of the “uprising from the sidewalks” process, concept that has been elaborated in this study. This work objects knowing, reflecting, analyzing, and comprehending the elements, objectives and subjective involved in this construction from the perception of black women. We understand the process of uprising from the sidewalks as a procedural movement to exit the streets, compound of elements such as strength and endurance to maintain the body in defense of life, which is realized by anchoring, love, friendship and solidarity, and it needs the emission of responsible-actions of the Municipal, State and Federal Public Manager. The sidewalk is the ground, a place of life and death, through inhabiting the gaps granted by the neoliberal habitat, to which black people experiencing homelessness are subjected. The uprising from the sidewalks is the inhabiting through the construction of unique territorial practices, even though the necropolitics is authorized by the state power. The research presents the actual economic, social, and political scenario in which the number of people in street situation is rising exponentially. We start from the hypothesis that the reordering of the black women place of speech and representation may generate additional and unprecedented contributions to the construction of Public Policies aimed at addressing the phenomenon of the people experiencing homelessness. We have investigated from the slavery to the present day the historical, human, political and social aspects based on records, memories, and life experiences. A qualitative and observational research, the participant counted on field diary, individual interviews, participation in group meetings, accounts, and memories for the construction of narratives with three black women who carried out the uprising of the sidewalks, starting from the city of Santos. The produced data is discussed in the light of the literature review of theoretical frameworks in the Social and Human Sciences, from the perspectives of Psychoanalysis, Social Psychology, Geography, Intersectionality, and Interdisciplinarity. The research revealed that the uprising process of the sidewalks, led by black women, is constructed from unique places in epistemes and territorialities; by the bantu force that enables the recovery of both body and mind for continuity in blackness, despite the traces imposed by blackness; healthy functioning of personality through the establishment of anchors in love, friendship, and solidarity, despite the omissions of Public Policies regarding food security, housing, employment and income, health, and social assistance, among others.
Formação continuada de professores da educação infantil: um estudo de caso sobre o projeto especial de ação do município de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Alves, Claudia Oliveira Fernandes; Tomazzetti, Cleonice Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4821077407620769; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1976-4604; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3307580624688880; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1487-6463; Vedovatto, Dijnane; Saito, Heloisa Toshie Irie; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6758025601578309; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2902881020655837; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7435-6849; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1061-5933
This study focuses on the Projeto de Ação Especial/PEA (Special Action Project) and aims to investigate its contribution to the continuing in-service training of kindergarten teachers in the city of São Paulo. The main objective of this investigation is to understand how the training actions developed by the PEA are carried out in the continuing in-service training at the Centro de Educação Infantil/CEI Girassol (Girassol Early Childhood Education Center). The choice and delimitation of the theme is based on the researcher’s experiences in teaching in Early Childhood Education at different moments in her teaching career, and which permeates the construction of her own conception of what it means to be a teacher, especially from her work in the Municipal Education Network of São Paulo as a teacher and pedagogical coordinator. This work methodology guiding is based on a qualitative approach, using the case study method (YIN). In order to collect the data, we used instruments such as a field diary, official documents from São Paulo Rede Municipal de Educação/RME (Municipal Education Network), CEI Girassol Pedagogical Political Project, documents and records that organize the educational unit’s continuing in-service training, as well as semi-structured interviews with five teachers and the pedagogical coordinator, participating at the PEA training. The main contributions to the theoretical framework that underpins this research include authors such as Nóvoa (1995, 2002, 2009, 2014, 2019), Tardif (2014), Zeichner (2008) Gatti (2011), Placco (2010) and others. The choice of these authors is based on their contributions that help to broaden the understanding of the conceptions that underpin the debate on continuing teacher training, especially those that shed light on the discussions about continuing in-service training in early childhood education. This study is expected to contribute to the construction of a new approach to the continuing education of kindergarten teachers in the city of São Paulo, based on official regulations, such as the Portaria nº 901, from January 24th, 2014, and the Instrução Normativa nº 14, from March 4th, 2022, which have established the Projeto de Ação Especial/PEA (Special Action Project) as an instrument for continuing in-service training. The results and discussions, based on the guiding question, point to reflections on the Projeto de Ação Especial/PEA (Special Action Project) as an important instrument that contributes to the continuing in-service training of kindergarten teachers in the city of São Paulo. Therefore, there is an understanding that the dimension of the work of continuing education and in-service training based on the PEA revealed itself as the expression of the priorities outlined by the guidelines established by Portaria nº 901, in alignment with the Political-Pedagogical Project of the Educational Unit and the curricular guidelines for Early Childhood Education, without, however, forgetting the increase in the levels of quality of care for children aged zero to three at CEI Girassol.
O ensino de Espanhol por meio do protótipo didático digital: uma experiência com os letramentos transmídia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Lemos, Rodolfo Aparecido; Paula, Sandra Regina Buttros Gattolin de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9228036521343293; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5453-3510; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5061758556050050; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1784-3293
The social isolation resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic has driven people to migrate to the digital environment, consolidating it as a predominant way of life. Social interactions occur mainly on networks, where people consume and produce content in various formats, genres, and languages. This phenomenon impacted education significantly, leading schools and universities to adapt their teaching schedules to the digital landscape and seek support from New Digital Information and Communication Technologies (NDTICs) and Digital Learning Objects (DLOs). In the specific context of teaching Spanish as a foreign language (E/LE), current classes highlight challenges students face, such as under-utilization of communicative competence in the target language, lack of criticality, and inefficiency in selecting reliable sources on the web. Given this scenario, it has become essential to devise a digital and interactive teaching plan that integrates digital discursive genres with the communicative and linguistic content usual in the Spanish language's multi-semiotic and multimedia cultural products, adopting transmedia literacy practices. This approach aims to promote students' ability to use the target language through content management and analysis, sharing, storing, and, most importantly, producing communicative knowledge. In this context, this research organized work according to the cycles of action research, in which the researcher also worked as a teacher of the intermediate Spanish II course at a language institute of a federal university. Throughout the lessons, the researcher developed a digital didactic prototype, using sociocultural products adapted to the Spanish language as DLOs, to expand the communicative and critical skills of the participating students in the target language. The results indicate that transmedia literacy practices led to significant acquisition of critical, linguistic, and communicative skills in Spanish classes. It has broadened students' sociocultural repertoire, as well. The digital prototype seems up-to-date and timely teaching material for the language institute's pedagogical activities. In addition, the results of this research study also present relevant ethnographic data for the scientific community and future studies in the research locus.
Trajetórias e dinâmicas de mobilidade migrante no oeste paulista: sírios e libaneses em Bariri – décadas de 1900 a 1950
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Martinez, Miguel Brandão; Truzzi, Oswaldo Mário Serra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005536921435787; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9046-5092; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1672332227599271; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8544-3577
From the second half of the 19th century onwards, the state of São Paulo began to receive various nationalities of immigrants. Among the main nationalities that arrived in the state were those of European origin, especially Italians, Spaniards and Portuguese. From the 1870s onwards, immigrants from Asia began to arrive, especially Syrians and Lebanese, who, unlike the other nationalities, were not subsidized immigrants. They initially concentrated in the capital of São Paulo, beginning their professional careers as peddlers and later opening stores, especially in Rua 25 de Março. Over the years, they encouraged their fellow countrymen to come, and when they arrived, they received help from those who were already established and began their professional journey in the commercial sector. As the coffee plantations and railroads expanded into the western region, the Syrians and Lebanese took advantage of the booming economy of the newly formed cities and spread throughout the interior of the state. One of the cities that had the presence of these immigrants was Bariri, located just over 300 kilometers from the capital of São Paulo. This research sought to analyze the trajectory of the colony formed there and the dynamics of socio-economic mobility experienced by its members. Therefore, primary and secondary sources were analyzed, such as the records of the National Registry of Foreigners, historical periodicals, bibliographical productions about the municipality and interviews with the descendants of the pioneer immigrants. The data obtained made it possible to understand that the local colony became involved in the commercial sector, transforming it into an ethnic niche, which enabled the accumulation of financial capital used to re-establish families in the São Paulo municipality through a migratory network with certain villages. These factors contributed to a high degree of social cohesion among the inhabitants, enabling the founding of the Syria de Beneficencia Society and the construction of the St. George Antiochian Orthodox Church. It was also possible to identify that some pioneers directed their efforts towards the intellectual education of their children, especially in the liberal professions, which in the future enabled them to run for political office.
Aprendizagem motora mediada pela ativação do sistema de neurônios-espelho em pessoas pós AVE: elaboração de um programa em terapia ocupacional e o desenvolvimento de um exoesqueleto de mão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-28) Paiva, Gisele; Aroca, Rafael Vidal; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9262228584082064; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4879-6493; Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1371315095038350; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8997-2767; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9385641297899352; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9090-7794
Introduction - Interventions based on the Mirror Neuron System constitute a valuable new therapeutic strategy for functional recovery after stroke. Objective - Develop, implement and evaluate a program for motor learning in hemiparetic patients, mediated by the activation of the mirror neuron system, for participation in everyday occupations and describe the genesis of a hand exoskeleton testing its viability in hemiparesis. Method – The research is organized through two studies. Study 1 presents the construction of a motor learning program mediated by the activation of the mirror neuron system for participation in occupations and presents the first explorations of the program with two participants using a quasi-experimental research design of type A-B, implemented after approval by the Ethics Committee of UFSCar and CONEP. Study 2 describes the genesis of the hand exoskeleton, highlighting the collaboration of Occupational Therapy with a multidisciplinary team, especially from the field of Computer Science and describes exploratory experiments combining the motor learning program with an exoskeleton in two participants with hemiparesis. Results – Based on the instruments used, people improved both in the program and with the use of the exoskeleton. This result is in line with the assessment made by the participants themselves. Final considerations – The data obtained, although promising, requires further evidence in future studies using both products: the program and the hand exoskeleton.