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Caracterização funcional da E3 ubiquitina ligase LinfCRL1 de Leishmania infantum
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-28) Alves, Ellen Gomes; Teixeira, Felipe Roberti; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3568850159381693; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0251-2686; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3265761688273440; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6184-5571
CRL-type E3 ubiquitin ligases are enzymatic complexes composed of four main proteins: SKP1, CUL1, RBX1, and an F-box protein, which binds to SKP1 through its F-box domain, recruiting substrates for ubiquitination. The ubiquitination process occurs in multiple steps and is highly regulated, involving three essential enzymes: E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3 (ubiquitin ligases), which play a crucial role in recognizing and transferring ubiquitin to the target protein. This process ensures the regulation of target protein function and fate, directing them to the proteasome for degradation or modulating their functions. CRLs are the most studied class of E3 ligases in eukaryotes and are responsible for regulating various processes, including the cell cycle. In Leishmania parasites, this class of enzymes has not yet been described. In this study, we identified orthologous genes to human CRLs in L. infantum, showing conservation of interaction regions between the complex proteins. We generated knockout strains of L. infantum for the genes LINF_110018100 (LinfSKP1), LINF_21000530 (LinfRBX1), and LINF_240029100 (LinfCUL1) using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. The knockout of LinfCUL1 resulted in a viable strain but showed impaired promastigote proliferation and led to an accumulation of cells in the late S phase of the cell cycle, as evidenced by flow cytometry and EdU assays. Furthermore, LinfCUL1 knockout induced rosette formation in cell culture and significantly interfered with promastigote infectivity. Additionally, knockouts of LinfSKP1 and LinfRBX1 resulted in non-viable parasites, suggesting that these genes are potentially essential for the parasite. The add-back strain of LinfCUL1 restored the wild-type phenotype in terms of promastigote proliferation, which did not occur when a mutant LinfCUL1 (LinfCul1 DN), incapable of forming the LinfCRL1 complex, was used, confirming that the knockout effect is related to the function of the LinfCRL1 complex. Our results indicate that CRL genes are associated with cell cycle regulation, viability, and infectivity in L. infantum.
Produção e caracterização de recobrimentos de ligas Ti-Nb-Mo depositados por pulverização magneto-catódica sobre aço inoxidável
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-28) Aquino, Bruno Barbosa de; Nascente, Pedro Augusto de Paula; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1387043320265189; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9155-031X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3833073340239738; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8447-4187
With the increase in demand from the health sector for the production of more resistant and quality materials due to the increase in the population's longevity, new studies of implants and prostheses must emerge to meet this market need. Ti-6Al-4V alloys are widely used in this area, however these alloys can release ions with cytotoxic potential to the body. Stainless steels are also commonly used as implants and prosthetics; however, their mechanical properties of modulus of elasticity and hardness can be improved in biomedical applications. One possibility to meet these needs is the use of β-Ti (body-centered cubic – bcc phase) alloys in coatings, as they have high biocompatibility. The β phase can be obtained with the addition of alloying elements such as Nb and Mo. One way of obtaining metallic coatings is by means of the magnetron sputtering technique, which has been used in recent years to process thin films with broad potential for improving the surfaces in the biomaterials field. Therefore, the present study aims to produce Ti-Nb-Mo coatings on a 316L stainless steel substrate, via the magnetron sputtering technique. Mechanical characterizations by nanoindentation and chemical and structural analyses by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRFS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to carry out a performance evaluation of the coating.
Análise da disponibilidade hídrica utilizando modelo de dinâmica de sistemas no município de Araraquara-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-28) Galvão, Helton Alves de; Costa, Daniel Jadyr Leite; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5666440995767109; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1136-7986; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5875489947388906; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8605-6715
Population growth and urbanization have brought more complex challenges to the management of cities and water resources. The frequency with which new water crises emerge shows that the problem is not exclusive to large urban agglomerations, nor to regions with historical scarcity problems. In Brazil, at the national level, the relationship between water availability and demand does not indicate scenarios of stress or scarcity, but when the issue is addressed at the regional or local level, there are scenarios that are more susceptible to this condition. This means that decision-making on water resources requires a better understanding of local and regional contexts, as well as the ability to estimate future water availability scenarios with a greater degree of certainty. In this way, this research aims to analyze water availability in the municipality of Araraquara-SP, considering a local approach to the relationship between demands and the dynamics of land use and occupation. To this end, a systematic literature review and documentary research on the study area were conducted, and a conceptual model using system dynamics was developed to analyze water availability in the community. The main relationships established in the model were based on the local water supply, variations in demand and type of water use, population growth, and variations in land use and occupation, both urban and rural. For the simulated scenarios, a progressive reduction in the rate of water loss in the urban supply system and a reduction in per capita demand in the urban area were considered as intervention measures for water availability. The results obtained were positive and demonstrated the viability of these actions to improve water availability in the municipality in the medium and long term. Finally, the feasibility of using system dynamics as a method for analyzing water availability in a local context and dynamic modeling as a management tool for analyzing water availability at the municipal level was verified.
Sistema baseado em Internet das Coisas para o rastreio aplicado à logística da cadeia de frio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-28) Garcia, Alex Fabiano; Souza, Wanderley Lopes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3742302894743620; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8645-4393; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0058814394481744; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6202-1849
This study describes the design, implementation, and validation of the System Based on the Internet of Things for Tracking Cold Chain Logistics (SBIdC-RALCF). The system aims to solve logistics challenges in remote areas by using IoT technologies to monitor and manage the conditions of perishable goods during transportation, ensuring their quality and safety. The proposed solution encompasses various sensor types and integrates multiple Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) providers to improve coverage. It aims to support decision-makers in public-private partnerships that leverage existing infrastructure and invest in cost-effective networks to address social issues in outlying regions. The study shows how antenna coverage simulation tools provide good accuracy compared to the effective distance of the gateways that receive the Long Range (LoRa) signal. Field tests in the Netherlands demonstrate the system's effectiveness in real-world scenarios, showing features such as GPS-free geolocation by multilateration, long-range communication, and the potential for applying our solution in other domains beyond cold chain logistics.
As implicações do Novo Ensino Médio para o ensino de Química e a metodologia CTSA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-28) Carius, Luane Barbara Rissi; Marques, Clelia Mara de Paula; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451284088402660; Lupetti, Karina Omuro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198051111079064; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0808-0677; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5138384925953588; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9534-5883
THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE NEW HIGH SCHOOL FOR CHEMISTRY TEACHING AND THE CTSA METHODOLOGY. The New High School was mandatorily implemented in all education systems in 2022 and is included in the Law of Guidelines and Bases of Brazilian Education - LDB, which contains all the changes resulting from the High School Reform, aiming mainly at Youth Protagonism through the integral formation of the student - physical, cognitive and socio-emotional formation. Thus, given the relevance of this educational reform, this research aimed to analyze what were the implications in Chemistry Teaching after the adoption of the New High School in the different education systems - Public Full-Time School, Public Professional Technical School and Private School through the study of the changes contained in law 13.415/2017 and its similarities with the CTSA methodology and Freirean pedagogy. For this purpose, documentary research with content analysis, the researcher's field diary, semi-structured interviews with teachers and the application of a closed questionnaire with students in the second year of high school were used as data collection instruments. In the documentary research with content analysis, it was possible to include the assessment of official documents - LDB and BNCC (National Common Curricular Base) and the main changes resulting from law 13.415/2017. The field diary presents the researcher's reflections on the New High School, analyzing how this new model was implemented in the different education systems. In the semi-structured interview applied to the teachers, it was possible to analyze an overview of acceptance or not of the implementation of the New High School and its challenges. Finally, it was possible to discuss the students' perceptions about acceptance or rejection of the New High School through the results of the closed questionnaire, which analyzed the Youth Protagonism, Motivation, Teaching-Learning Process and Future Aims of these students, components present in the purposes of the New High School. Although the implementation of the New High School presents significant differences in the different education systems, this research showed that teachers and students presented similar and unfavorable perceptions of the new model, allowing a reflection on possible points that need changes to improve the quality of education.