Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2024-12-11"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 2859

Empreendedorismo tecnológico feminino: análise bibliométrica e experiências de empreendedoras brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-11)
Santos, Camila Fátima dos
;
Rigolin, Camila Carneiro Dias
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2388584081961836
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9400-2837
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4287711222508230
This study seeks to deepen the understanding of female entrepreneurship or the relationship between gender and innovation in companies that are intensive in technical and scientific knowledge. The analysis of the discourse of female entrepreneurs in technology startups reveals that they face a series of difficulties, such as problems in seeking financing for their businesses, competition in the market and autonomy. Based on this assumption, this research consists of a bibliometric analysis of articles collected from the Web of Science, in the journal with a high impact factor in the fields of gender and entrepreneurship study: Entrepreneurial Theory and Practice. This first stage of the research allows for a qualitative analysis, in the identification of the themes, profile and location of the businesses, as well as a quantitative analysis in the following bibliometric parameters: authors (number, gender, institutional origin and most referenced authors), research procedures and methodological approach of the articles, and year of publication. In addition, in the second stage, two case studies were carried out in companies that are intensive in technical and scientific knowledge and led by women. The research instruments used in this phase are documentary research, with consultations of the Lattes CV and the Fapesp Virtual Library of the selected female entrepreneurs; and field research, with in-depth interviews. The data are discussed in light of the selected literature, as well as their possible implications for the national economy. The studies show that entrepreneurial activity presents challenges that are characteristic of gender, such as the difficulty of reconciling it with maintaining a home, romantic relationships and parental care. In addition, there are prejudices in this regard inherent in negotiations with clients, suppliers and lines of financing. In technology, there is also the aggravating factor of being a predominantly male area. Businesses led by women tend to be less profitable and long-lasting due to complex factors that are often visible only to those who delve into researching this topic.
Assinaturas genéticas associadas à estrutura populacional em Salminus brasiliensis (Cuvier 1816) do alto e médio rio Uruguai
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-11)
Zavala, Enzo
;
Ramirez, Jorge Luis
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3073682959497475
;
Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
The Neotropical region is recognized by its high biodiversity, from which Ostariophysian fish represent a group of wide diversifications. Among these fish, those that carry out long-distance migratory movements, that occur naturally during annual reproduction seasons in tropical basins, stand out. There is still much to investigate about how this behavior is reflected in the genetic structure of migratory freshwater fish, such as Salminus brasiliensis, a fish of economic and ecological importance popularly known as Dourado and whose natural populations have been reduced in the last years. Uruguay River represents an area subjected to intense environmental pressure caused by hydroelectrical dams, which constrain both the upstream movement to spawning areas and the passive downstream movement of egg and larvae to nursery and recruitment areas. Although the presence of dams could suggest the existence of a spatial population structure, previous genetic evidence of isolation by time suggests the hypothesis of the presence of reproductive shoals temporally different that could present genetic signatures of this isolation. Using a Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) approach, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms markers for 60 individuals of S. brasiliensis were assessed. Patterns of genetic structure were inferred using three datasets: (i) Total SNPs, (ii) putative neutral SNPs, and (iii) putative adaptive SNPs, and three sets of individuals: (i) Total individuals, (ii) Itá e (iii) Turvo, in order to test the pattern of Isolation by time described for S. brasiliensis. Clustering analysis using the total and putative neutral SNPs datasets rejected the hypothesis of isolation by time and suggest that dourados from both regions represent a panmictic population. In contrast, 121 putative adaptive SNPs evidenced four genetic clusters. These findings indicated that selection would drive a genetic differentiation between dourados from the upper and middle Uruguay river, resulting in a “Temporal divergent selection” with the formation of two potential ecotypes of S. brasiliensis: “Early” and “Late ” spawners, at the beginning (October-December) and at the end (January-February) of the reproductive season, respectively. By mapping our adaptive SNPs to an annotated genome assemble, those were identified in genes involved in functions at cellular level. Thus, it was suggested that our SNP markers exhibit an effect of “genetic hitchhiking” with genomic regions that are truly under selection, with the probable existence of “genomic islands” shaping the genomic structure of S. brasiliensis during initial stages of ecological divergence under high levels of gene flow. Overall, this study demonstrates the utility of genomic approaches by applying analysis of putative adaptive genetic variation when neutral data fail in revealing patterns of population structure in freshwater migratory fish species. Nevertheless, further studies including both phenotypic and ecological data are necessary to aid to identify management units that guarantee the conservation status of S. brasiliensis from the upper and middle Uruguay River.
O condicional evidencial reportativo em discursos políticos do português brasileiro: uma descrição cognitivista dos fenômenos de ponto de vista e perspectiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-11)
Mella, Beatriz de Souza
;
Hirata-Vale, Flávia Bezerra de Menezes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2797556968074056
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9091-9461
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4981202127585086
Based on well-established literature in other languages (Böhm; Hennemann, 2014; Dendale, 1993, 2010, 2012; Kronning, 2018; Oliveira, 2013; Squartini, 2001), Lourenço (2016) and Mella (2020) consider that the future in the past (futuro do pretérito) in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) is a verbal form that can express not only temporal and modal semantic values in an utterance but also evidential ones. Since this value is much more related to the modal meanings of this verbal form than to the temporal ones (Câmara Jr., 1967, apud Freitag; Araujo, 2011), this study considers the term “conditional” (Dendale, 1993, 2010, 2012; Dendale; Coltier, 2013; Oliveira, 2013) more appropriate to refer to the object of this research: the reportative conditional (Kronning, 2012, 2018). Reportativity is an indirect way of obtaining information and, therefore, a type of evidentiality, characterized by borrowing the content from other sources (Kronning, 2018). By making this borrowing, the speaker automatically expresses the cognitive content of another individual in their utterance (Hattnher, 2018). With this premise in mind and based on the descriptions by Lourenço (2016) and Mella (2020), who attested to the conditional as a grammatical marker of evidentiality in BP, this study aims to (i) broaden the scope of analysis of the object and approach the reportative conditional not only as a functional phenomenon but also as a cognitive one, proposing to analyze it as a grammatical marker of viewpoint construction and perspective shift in discourse. Linguistic viewpoints are specific structures constructed by the speaker through various linguistic mechanisms, oriented toward a given discursive perspective (Dancygier, 2017). The main hypothesis is that the reportative conditional triggers the emergence of a viewpoint that alters the discourse perspective. This study also aims to (ii) contribute to the description of the conditional as a grammatical evidential marker in BP. To achieve this, it seeks to analyze, among other issues, the distribution of conditional occurrences across the considered uses, and, among the reportative ones, those in which the conditional is the only mechanism fulfilling this function in the utterance. Adopting the Cognitive-Functional Linguistics approach as its theoretical framework, to achieve these objectives, the research relied on a corpus compiled manually and composed of records from the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies and the Federal Senate, available on the respective websites of the Legislative Houses. The conditional occurrences were collected using the R Platform (R Core Team, 2023), based on the suffixes of the verbal form, and classified according to their use in each context, following Dendale (2010) and Vatrican (2013, 2014). Those that allowed for a reportative reading were analyzed according to (i) the person and number of the verbal subject and (ii) the verbal form (synthetic or periphrastic), which are morphosyntactic parameters, as well as in relation to the characteristics of (iii) the information source, a semantic-pragmatic parameter. Based on the theoretical assumptions by Kronning (2018) regarding the reportative conditional, the analysis of these parameters yielded results that contributed to elucidating the characterization of this phenomenon in BP. For its treatment as a grammatical marker of construction and shift in discourse phenomena related to viewpoint and perspective in this language, the study analyzed the interaction between grammatical structure and discursive context (Zeman, 2019) and the distinction between deixis and cognition (Vandelanotte, 2019). This analysis confirmed the hypothesis that the reportative conditional is, in fact, a grammatical mechanism of viewpoint construction, strategically employed by the speaker for semantic-pragmatic purposes, capable of triggering a shift in the cognitive perspective of the discourse.
Soluções nutritivas na fertirrigação de Phalaenopsis utilizando o sistema de cultivo ‘Nutripool’
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-11)
Batistela, Giovani Janotti
;
Cardoso, Jean Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3681181863704059
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6578-1723
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4450121467559760
Phalaenopsis is the main genus cultivated for the production of potted flowers in Brazil, with a rapidly expanding market that increasingly seeks technological solutions aimed at productivity and sustainability. This study aimed to evaluate the viability of the stationary fertigation system called Nutripool for the production of potted Phalaenopsis, in addition to analyzing the development of the plants and the composition of the most appropriate nutrient solution. The experiment consisted of 8 treatments, 6 in the Nutripool system, divided into 3 nutrient solutions under two different ECs (1.2 mS.cm-1 and 1.0 mS.cm-1) in a 3X2 factorial scheme, in addition to an additional treatment with controlled-release fertilizer and a control treatment of conventional localized fertigation. The vegetative and reproductive development, as well as the physiological indicators of the plants in each treatment, were evaluated. In addition, the interaction of the nutrient solutions in the system was analyzed, with measurements of EC, pH and solution volume. The results showed that all treatments provided similar vegetative development for Phalaenopsis. Regarding the chlorophyll a and b content, the PP solution presented statistically higher values than the S4 solution, while the AC solution did not differ from the others. In the analysis of chlorophyll a fluorescence, no reduction in the efficiency of photosystem II was observed in the treatments analyzed. For flowering, the treatments PP 1.0, AC 1.2, AC 1.0, S4 1.2, FLC presented the best results, corresponding to the performance observed in the control (FC). In the analysis of the interaction of the nutrient solution, it was observed that the Nutripool system promoted an increase in EC and an acidification in the volume of nutrient solution deposited, mainly due to the physiology of the plant, but also due to the nature of the fertilizers. Furthermore, it was observed that the system demonstrated efficiency in reducing water and fertilizer consumption, presenting an average reduction of 58.33% in the volume of nutrient solution consumed by the Nutripool system, compared to micro-sprinkler irrigation, which is widely used in commercial production. It was therefore concluded that the Nutripool system has great potential as an alternative to the micro-sprinkler fertigation system, offering similar performance in plant development combined with a drastic reduction in water and fertilizer consumption. It was also concluded that, among the nutrient solutions evaluated, the AC 1.0 treatment solution was the one that presented the best results, exhibiting the same performance as the control treatment combined with lower fertilizer consumption compared to the others, allowing an even more efficient and sustainable use of the Nutripool system for Phalaenopsis production.
Recomendações para promover o engajamento em jogos digitais educacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-11)
Bueno, Elyssa Dalva Ribeiro
;
Otsuka, Joice Lee
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8235968002513082
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3233-0314
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7557161875463412
Educational games have been more used each day as valuable tools to help education. Unfortunately, educational games have many limitations relationed to budget and development teams, wich may result in unattractive games to the target audience. One of the main elements to a successful educational game is the engagement. To develop engaging games without sacrificing the educational objectives is an important requirement in the making of educational games. Therefore, this research has as objective, to define a set of design recommendations to the development of more engaging educational games, considering a diverse target audience. To do so, the first step was to conduct a systematic mapping of the literature about recommendations for engaging games and related tools. Relating the found concepts, it was possible to create a initial recommendation gruoup that was later refined with the help of researchers, experts on the field of educational games and also voluntary teachers. The final recommendation group has 76 items sorted by their process step, provided engaging element, benefited player groups, implementation complexity and professional type who has to fulfill them (including developers and teachers). To evaluate the developed recommendation group, a educational game from the Learning Objects Laboratory (LOL) was adapted following the recommendations and used in a case study that applied the game with students from middle school and high school. Said study compared the students’ evaluation and engagement in each version of the game. Through observation and the tools Egameflow (SHU-HUI; WANN-YIH; DENNISON, 2018) and SAM (HAYASHI et al., 2016), and interviews, the adapted version stood out for its higher conclusion rate, in addition to a higher mean of grades in the evaluations. Besides that, when interviewed, the voluntary teachers reported a improvement in the customization and application process when following the created recommendations. Therefore, it was possible to update the state of art about engaging educational games when observing that the recommendation group created had a positive influence over the development, cutomization and application process to provide engaging experiences with educational games.
Prospecção de microalgas brasileiras: caracterização bioquímica, metabólitos especializados e bioatividade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-12)
Sampaio, Renata Porto
;
Crnkovic, Camila Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1428361813882733
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6581-9031
;
Souza, Clovis Wesley Oliveira de
Microalgae, form a heterogeneous and polyphyletic group of photosynthetic microorganisms. Their primary and secondary metabolites have brought attention to this group as a source of natural products of commercial interest. Many metabolites are unique to microalgae. This chemical diversity offered by microalgae is a niche of opportunity for searching promising molecules, especially when several biological activities, such as antibacterial and anticancer action, have already been described and the group has been barely explored. Thus, this research sought to characterize the composition of primary and secondary metabolites of four microalgae, Ankistrodesmus arcuatus, Radiococcus sp, Sorastrum bengalicum and Chlorolobion braunii. A. arcuatus was noteworthy to produce lipids, which represent 39.59 % ± 5.72 % of its dry weight. The species C. braunii was noted in relation of proteins amount per culture volume, 0.00193 mg/mL. While S. bengalicum and Radiococcus sp had the highest percentage of carbohydrates, 2,3 ± 0,5 and 2,0 ± 1,0 µg/mL, respectively. The latter also had the highest content of total carotenoids. Regarding the analysis of secondary metabolite production, metabolomic analyses of algal extracts obtained in different growth phases were performed using mass spectrometry, employing UPLC-HRMS/MS. The species A. arcuatus showed the highest number of distinct metabolites in the exponential growth phase. The species S. bengalicum showed the greatest distinction of metabolites between exponential and stationary phases of growth. And the species C. braunii showed the greatest similarity. Our data suggest that the growth phase, among the compared growth phases, influences both the number and features themselves present in each species, representing a relevant factor in the discovery of novel molecules. Antimicrobial activity-guided dereplication identified potential features that may be compounds of interest, and with further technical analysis, they may lead to the identification of potentially novel chemical formulas.
Biossensores contendo acetilcolinesterases de formigas cortadeiras para screening de potenciais inseticidas naturais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-12)
Araújo, Sean dos Santos
;
Fernandes, João Batista
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691336077459602
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7181896069596980
Some of the agricultural pests most responsible for damage and losses are leaf-cutting ants (genus Atta and Acromyrmex). This insect causes damage in agricultural and forestry areas, mainly in monocultures, such as Pinus, Eucalyptus, Gmelina and Citrus. The application of chemical compounds such as organophosphates and carbamates to control ants can have a negative impact on the environment and human health. Based on this, in the present work, two electrochemical biosensors based on acetylcholinesterases from leaf-cutting ants were developed to detect potential inhibitors from plant extracts. For the development of the biosensors, the electrodes were screen-printed on polyester foil using carbon and Ag/AgCl-based inks. The modification of the surface of the working electrode was necessary for the immobilization of the enzymes AChE A and AChE B by covalent bonding. The enzymatic activity was detected through the peak current corresponding to the product of the occurrence between AChEs and the substrate acetylthiocholine iodide (ATChI), thiocholine (TCh). After the studies to optimize the conditions for both biosensors, they presented enzymatic activity responses up to the thirteenth day after the immobilization of AChEs on the electrodes. The inhibition studies with organophosphate malathion reached detection limits of 9.1 nmol L-1 for AChE A and 4.7 nmol L-1 for AChE B. Thus, the extracts of Solanum lycocarpum and Ocotea sp. were applied for inhibition studies and provided different inhibitory activity profiles between themselves and for each enzyme. The extract of Solanum lycocarpum obtained 80% inhibition against AChE A, being a promising extract for future studies in the search for natural insecticides for leaf-cutting ants. The developed biosensors are a new tool for screening extracts with potent insecticidal activities.
Alocação de recursos em comunidades carentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-12)
Campos Tinoco, Paola Viviana
;
Vieira, José Geraldo Vidal
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2068340476477363
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5913-2652
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5125330186376976
The allocation of resources in underserved communities is a complex task that requires a careful and inclusive approach. A gap in current research is the lack of consideration for residents' preferences in resource allocation methodologies, leading to poorly designed policies that may not adequately reflect the realities of the challenges faced by communities at the base of the pyramid. Furthermore, multicriteria decision-making is increasingly being used to support resource allocation in communities due to its ability to account for competing objectives, represent community preferences, and provide transparent resource allocation. In this context, the aim of this study was to apply a multicriteria methodology that integrates the perspectives of residents and decision-makers in resource allocation for underserved communities. The research was conducted in two stages: (1) analysis of residents' characteristics that influence their preferences for resources such as education, health, employment, and infrastructure, using statistical methods like ordinal logistic regression; and (2) integration of these preferences into an allocation framework based on the model proposed by Vieira (2024), validated through the EQUITY software in a case study in Votorantim-SP. The main findings indicated that demographic characteristics such as gender, age, and length of residence significantly influence residents' resource choices. Moreover, incorporating community preferences resulted in allocation strategies better aligned with local needs, demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach in supporting public managers in the formulation of more equitable policies.
Leitores orgulhosos, leitores envergonhados: as emoções em discursos sobre a leitura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-12)
Curcino, Luzmara
;
Leite, Paul Fernand da Cunha
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4849994635754652
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5773816449299929
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3555-1446
Comportamento motor e a participação no ambiente domiciliar de lactentes nascidos prematuros e a termo: estudo longitudinal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-12)
Fritsch, Stefani Raquel Sales
;
Tudella, Eloisa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0824-7350
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1824995460784425
Prematurity is a biological risk factor that may affect the central nervous system. Premature infants may present delays in the acquisition and improvement of motor skills when compared to at term infants. It is estimated that 14 million preterm infants were born in 2020 worldwide. The biopsychosocial approach is paramount to the understanding of direct or indirect impacts of biological and environmental risks on child development. Due to differences in motor development trajectories between premature and at term infants, it is necessary to evaluate motor development both qualitatively and quantitatively, together with its various relevant factors. This is achievable by a combination of assessment instruments, such as the Infant Motor Profile (IMP), Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development – Infant Scale (AHEMD-IS) and the Young Children’s Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM). Objectives: Compare and identify in which domains of the Infant Motor Profile infants born prematurely may present delays in relation to at term infants and verify whether there are associations between the motor development of infants, participation and affordances present in the home environment according to the biopsychosocial model. Method: Prospective longitudinal study on a convenience sample. 72 infants, subdivided between preterm (32) and at term (35), participated in the study. Infants were monthly evaluated from their sixth to their tenth month of age, corrected if preterm. Neither infants with genetic alterations, nor only twice evaluated were included. Assessments were performed in accordance to the biopsychosocial model. Motor development was assessed by the total IMP score and of its domains: variation, performance, adaptability, symmetry and fluency. The covariates which were accounted for were participation and affordances in the home environment, personal and contextual factors. Participation was assessed by the YC-PEM, translated and adapted to the Brazilian context, considering its raw score, frequency and involvement means. Affordances were assessed by AHEMD-IS, considering total questionnaire score, physical space, variety of stimuli, gross and fine motor toys. Remaining contextual factors were sex, birthweight, head circumference at birth, jaundice at birth, maternal age, maternal marital status, maternal education, number of adults and children in the household, type of residence, whether infant attends daycare, per capita income and socioeconomic status measured by the poverty income ratio associated with maternal education. Different comparison tests were carried out, depending on data homogeneity, as well as mixed linear regression tests with p > 0.05. Results: At 7 months, preterm infants presented significantly lower adaptability score (U = 331.50; p = 0.006; moderate effect size, r = 0.34) and significantly higher fluency score (U = 366.50; p = 0.012; small effect size, r = 0.28) relative to at term infants. Factors positively associated with motor development were: higher family income (β = 0.30; p = 0.025) for the variation domain; greater variety of AHEMD-IS stimuli (β = 2.96; p = 0.014), greater family income (β = 0.45; p = 0.035) and greater maternal age (β = 0.21; p = 0.036) for the adaptability domain; house residency type (β = 3.40; p = 0.036) and larger head circumference at birth (β = 1.05; p = 0.001) for the fluency domain; house residency type (β = 3.92; p = 0.025) for the performance domain; excellent to adequate (β = 1.30; p = 0.005) and from moderately or less than adequate to excellent (β = 1.27; p = 0.005) AHEMD-IS stimuli variety, gender male (β = 1.32; p = 0.024) and higher family income (β = 0.31; p = 0.008), for the total IMP score. Age was a positive factor for all domains and the IMP total score (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: At 7 months, preterm infants presented higher scores in the adaptability domain and lower scores in the fluency domain ]when compared to at term infants. Results showed that higher monthly income, greater stimuli variety, greater maternal age, greater head circumference at birth, house residency type, being male and age are positively associated with motor development. Contributions: Information pertaining to differences between motor development trajectories of preterm and at term infants were obtained, as well as about which contextual factors are associated with motor development components. This study contributes to the understanding of consequences of prematurity and contextual factors for motor development, thereby enabling health professionals to provide better guidance to parents of infants with motor delay.
Potencial de aplicação de nanopartículas de prata produzidas pela síntese verde utilizando os fungos endofíticos Fusarium spp. e Penicillium spp.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-12)
Garcia, Laisa Adriana de Paula Luizon
;
Sousa, Cristina Paiva de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7151-5085
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9186603516647589
In the post-pandemic scenario, where concern about ways to protect against bacteria and viruses has increased, the application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in fabrics stands out as an approach less susceptible to microbial resistance. These materials can be incorporated into clothing, masks, and personal protective equipment (PPE), providing additional barriers against pathogen infections and enhancing the quality and lifespan of fabrics. In the context of sustainable production, the green synthesis of AgNPs represents a sustainable and efficient alternative for producing materials with antimicrobial properties. This study investigated the potential for fabricating AgNPs using fermentation broths of the endophytic fungi Fusarium sp. and Penicillium sp. isolated from the plant Polygala paniculata, native to the Atlantic Forest. The green synthesis conducted with the broth of Fusarium sp. produced AgNPs (NPs-F) with an average diameter of 59 nm, while the AgNPs produced by the Penicillium sp. broth (NPs-P) had an average diameter of 85 nm. Regarding antimicrobial activity, NPs-F showed greater bactericidal and antibiofilm potential, requiring a much higher concentration of NPs-P to achieve the same results observed with NPs-F. It was also noted that the fermentation broth of Penicillium sp. demonstrated much higher synthesis efficiency, producing approximately 2,54 × 1010 particles/mL, double the amount of AgNPs produced by the Fusarium sp. broth. Despite this, the efficiency of green synthesis remains a challenge to be addressed, with relatively low conversions of AgNO3 into AgNPs, requiring optimizations to enable its production on an industrial scale
Uma análise situacional das contribuições do método terapia ocupacional dinâmica para inserção social de crianças autistas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-12)
Cestari, Leila Maria Quiles
;
Marcolino, Taís Quevedo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7197838515800679
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9694-5118
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7360422922052260
The Development of the Dynamic Occupational Therapy Method (MTOD) began in the 1970s with occupational therapist Jô Benetton. The care provided under the principles of the MTOD occurs through its unique and continuous concepts and processes: constructing the situational diagnosis, managing the dynamics of the triadic relationship, conducting dialogical evaluations to build meaning, and expanding health spaces in daily life. Its ultimate goal is the social inclusion of the target individual.Care for autistic children is immersed in contemporary tensions, incorporating practices centered on addressing deficits and normalizing behaviors for social interaction, advocacy movements by autistic individuals promoting the neurodiversity perspective, education and healthcare institutions, and issues of profitability. The MTOD aims to support occupational therapists’ practice by moving away from the medical and rehabilitative paradigm, establishing a singular, non-protocol-driven approach guided by the needs, desires, and strengths of the target individual within the complexities and contingencies of their situation.To describe processes that highlight the contributions of MTOD to the social inclusion of autistic children, this research adopts a qualitative, exploratory-descriptive design using the methodology of Situational Analysis (SA). Participants included three occupational therapists with at least five years of clinical training in MTOD, two children receiving therapy from these occupational therapists, and one adult who had received therapy as a child, along with their families and team members identified as relevant for understanding aspects of social inclusion.Data were collected through interviews using semi-structured guides for occupational therapists and open-ended questions for family members and team members. Additionally, creative methodologies were employed with the children, including photography, augmentative and alternative communication resources, and the associative trails technique. Data were analyzed through SA, generating three types of maps: situational, social world/arena, and positional maps.The results integrated the constructed maps and the human actors' discourse, culminating in the following categories: the meeting with the occupational therapist, situational diagnosis, management of the triadic relationship, the setting, the "fourth term," the construction and expansion of health spaces, the building of meanings, and MTOD with autistic individuals. It was observed that the children initially had restricted activity repertoires and interests focused on hyperfixations. Occupational therapists began expanding and constructing health spaces based on these interests, introducing new activity possibilities aligned with the child’s desires, fostering an affective relationship through positive transference. Expansions initiated in the occupational therapy setting, deemed significant by the individuals and their families, extended into health spaces within their daily lives, supported by key adults, thereby promoting social inclusion in an ethical and aesthetic manner.This research reveals a form of care for autistic children that aligns with their own desires: an intervention rooted in respect and a thoughtful understanding of individual needs, rejecting fragmented practices that address only isolated aspects. The study discusses limitations, particularly regarding intersectional issues, and suggests directions for future research.We hope to expand dialogues, reflections, and knowledge about treatment possibilities for autistic children, contributing to professional and academic advancements in occupational therapy. Additionally, we aim to foster necessary transformations in care practices for children, reflecting their contextual needs and desires.
Financeirização e espaços sociais: as Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social (ZEIS) como mercado contestado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-12)
Pimenta, Ana Clara de Almeida
;
Pulhez, Magaly Marques
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3190225564971907
;
Donadone, Julio César
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643906508178259
The rapprochement between the financial sector and the built environment requires a constant metamorphosis of the strategies used to appropriate space. Characterized by the fixity and and because it is finite, land as a commodity imposes on capital the challenge of constantly exploring and expanding new frontiers so that it can explore and appropriate the potential income from the circumscribed perimeters of the metropolis. In contrast to this advance, the Special Zones of Social Interest (SZSI) have come as a disruptive force, constituting “urban borders” demarcated in an attempt to prevent speculative processes with the aim of transforming cities into more just, inclusive and democratic ones. Their demarcation brings with it collective struggles against historically legitimized inequalities led by segments of the population unable to access housing through the formal housing market. However, having been conceived as “non-market” spaces, prioritizing social well-being over purely market dynamics in their regulations, these areas have been transformed into new frontiers of expansion for capital, becoming a support for more sophisticated forms of market, financialization. Given this scenario, this thesis seeks to understand how areas of SZSI III and V, which appear as non-market spaces, become new frontiers for the installation of capital. In an effort to complete the aforementioned task, the study uses the theory of contested markets, developed by Ph.D. Philippe Steiner and Ph.D. Dr. Marie Trespeuch. Through this theory, the aim is to understand how these spaces have become a place of conflict where different agents seek to influence legal and regulatory structures in their favor.
A alfabetização científica e o desenvolvimento de situações desencadeadoras de aprendizagem: sobre a importância ecológica do uso da água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-13)
Santos, Alessandro Cardoso
;
Tedeschi, Wania
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5743322664981581
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7188-3574
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9394581165093179
This dissertation presents a qualitative study employing descriptive and interpretive approaches through the analysis of students' discourse. The research question guiding this study is: How do elementary school students participate in natural science activities within a learning-triggering situation aimed at scientific literacy? The objective is to analyze students' statements for indications of conceptual elements regarding the ecological use of water. The focus of the analysis lies in the students' interactions during a study activity, framed within a conceptual teaching proposal for the process of scientific literacy, involving hypothesis generation and problem-solving through local newspaper reports on water scarcity. The study aims to describe and interpret students' interactions in study activities, particularly during analytical debates and conceptual synthesis proposed in the Learning-Triggering Situation (LTS). Students' statements were analyzed to identify conceptual elements related to the ecological use of water and its historical importance during participation in a teaching activity designed to foster synthesis within the individual-group-class relational dynamic. Data for this study were collected during a pedagogical intervention involving thirty fifth-grade students at a public school in Campinas, São Paulo, in 2024. Classroom sessions were recorded in audio and video formats,transcribed, and analyzed using the theoretical framework of Cultural-Historical Theory, with an emphasis on conceptual teaching. The data analysis was grounded in the hypothesis that the pedagogical approach to science teaching, framed within an Everyday-Emerging Situation, prompted intentional expressions from students. These expressions indicated a conceptual synthesis and relationships between the specific problem presented in the activity—particularly issues related to water usage—and the general ecological concept, connecting to fundamental scientific concepts of ecology regarding water as a resource. As part of the outcomes of this research, an educational product was developed, synthesizing the actions of the Teaching-Guided Activity for the implementation of the Learning Trigger Situation conducted in the study.
Institucionalização da educação híbrida: um estudo sobre o uso de tecnologias digitais em instituições públicas de ensino superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-13)
Mauricio, Gustavo Carvalho
;
Mill, Daniel Ribeiro Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1515286597269486
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8336-3645
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1121415260674004
This research aims to analyze the institutionalization of Hybrid Education, focusing on the incorporation of Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DICT) in face-to-face courses within public higher education institutions. It considers technical, communicational, normative, and pedagogical aspects. Data analysis was conducted with the support of the Parsif.al tool, whose methodology facilitated the extraction and synthesis of information. The research is based on a Systematic Literature Review, using the SciELO, Capes Journals, and Web of Science databases to map and analyze articles published between 2003 and 2023. The review addresses technical, communicational, normative, and pedagogical aspects involved in the implementation of Distance Education and Hybrid Education, aiming to systematize the knowledge already disseminated on the subject. The methodological process included selecting studies based on strict criteria, such as the presence of descriptors in the title, abstract, or keywords, resulting in the inclusion of 46 relevant articles. Additionally, the Institutional Development Plans of ten Brazilian Public Higher Education Institutions were analyzed, observing various scenarios related to DICT implementation and integration strategies. The research suggests that, to achieve an effective integration of Hybrid Education in these institutions, it is essential to invest in well-defined institutional policies, ensure continuous technical support, and adapt pedagogical practices to meet the needs and challenges of the current educational context. These elements are essential for fostering a dynamic teaching and learning experience aligned with the demands of an increasingly digital society.
Aplicando criptografia no formato de rotação por estações de aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-13)
Lima, Eduardo Rodrigues
;
Carvalho, Silvia Maria Simões de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8244087426759161
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9519-9339
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1893084099794582
This paper explores the use of cryptography in the classroom with 8th and 9th grade classes in a regular school in the interior of the state of São Paulo. The content was covered in 6 class hours (300 minutes), starting with theoretical concepts already studied, such as prime numbers and divisibility, and moving on to the practical application of the activity of rotating through learning stations. In these activities, students faced deciphering and coding challenges, educational games, and individual and group tests. Although the RSA method requires knowledge of congruence and modular arithmetic, the coding and decoding steps were adapted to facilitate student understanding. The process involved moments of discussion, collaborative practice, competition, and fun, contributing to the development of new skills and the review of Mathematical concepts already worked on. The objective was to investigate the integration of Mathematical theory with practical activities, allowing students to see Mathematics beyond the abstract. With this approach, topics often seen only in theory gain a new perspective and become closer to the students' reality.
Entre a terra e o céu: habitação, verticalização e dinâmicas urbanas em São José do Rio Preto/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-13)
Lisbôa, Cristian Roberto Nazareth
;
Castro, Carolina Maria Pozzi de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2178910002833930
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1828-7615
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6793401519214462
This study analyzes residential verticalization and urban space use in São José do Rio Preto, a medium-sized municipality in the state of São Paulo, which has experienced intense growth in its real estate sector and significant transformations in its urban landscape over the past two decades. Set within a context of housing financialization and hyper-commodification, the phenomenon of vertical urbanization, increasingly present in cities across various global contexts, has profoundly shaped the spatial configurations and socio-economic and cultural dynamics of urban spaces. The research investigates how this trend manifested in São José do Rio Preto between 2000 and 2022, promoting substantial changes in the urban landscape and impacting the lives of its residents. Through a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative analyses, the study evaluates the factors driving verticalization, exploring its causes, characteristics, and implications. The results reveal a significant increase in the number of apartments in the city, driven by factors such as changes in urban legislation, market pressures, and the activities of major urban developers, whose capital is frequently influenced by external markets. Spatial analysis, complemented by modeling techniques and the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), demonstrates an unequal distribution of verticalization across the Administrative Regions of São José do Rio Preto, with high-standard developments concentrated in the most valued areas; this growth pattern accentuates socio-economic and spatial disparities, relegating the lower-income population to peripheral areas. The study also broadens the analysis to the context of metropolitan regions in São Paulo, highlighting the polarization of verticalization in core cities, such as São José do Rio Preto and Ribeirão Preto, reinforcing their centrality as regional hubs of vertical development. The research further explores the growth dynamics of cities within the São José do Rio Preto Metropolitan Region, noting a localized expansion of verticalization in these areas, albeit with less impact than observed in the core city. This research contributes to the debate on the impact of verticalization on housing and urban development, considering the local setting and its connection to the regional context. It concludes that, although verticalization promotes urban densification, it also contributes to socio-spatial exclusion and the widening of inequalities, underscoring the need for more inclusive and sustainable public policies.
Experiências auto relatadas de ambientes de atividades (SEAS-BR): validade para o Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-13)
Peruzzo, Caroline Fernanda Bella
;
Pfeifer, Luzia Iara
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9065968448027440
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1826-1968
;
Branco
The Self-Reported Experiences of Activity Settings (SEAS) is a 22-item instrument designed to assess youths’ experiences in leisure activities, considering five areas: Personal Growth, Psychological Engagement, Social Belonging, Meaningful Interactions, and Choice and Control. The Brazilian version, SEAS-BR, was culturally adapted to assess the leisure experiences of Brazilian youth, being relevant for occupational therapy and inclusive interventions due to the lack of similar instruments. Objective: To validate the Brazilian version of SEAS-BR (Study 1) and to compare the choices of leisure activities of youths with typical development and physical disabilities (Study 2). The specific objectives were: (1) to evaluate its applicability in typical youths and those with physical disabilities (internal consistency); (2) to investigate discriminant validity between groups; (3) to verify the influences of gender, context, performance, and partners on the choice of activities. Method: Participants were 75 Brazilian young people, aged 14 to 23 years (50 with typical development and 25 with physical disabilities), fluent in Portuguese and with typical cognitive development (classified by the Mini Mental State Examination). Data were collected remotely (Google Forms and Google Meet) and in person (at locations chosen by the participants). Analyses were performed in SPSS 21, using the ChiSquare, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: In study 1, the SEAS-BR showed high internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha of 0.86 for typical young people and 0.91 for young people with physical disabilities. No significant differences were found between the remote and in-person collection modalities, indicating that both modalities are viable. Significant differences were observed between the typical and physically disabled groups in items related to mood (“excited”) and feelings during activities (“fun” and “interested”). In study 2, the leisure preferences of young people reflected sociocultural trends: boys preferred physical activities, while girls chose artistic and cultural practices. Young people with physical disabilities demonstrated greater adherence to sports activities, highlighting the importance of inclusive adaptations. Of the leisure categories, 9.3% of participants chose screenbased activities, 10.6% opted for musical activities, 44% for artistic and cultural activities, and 36% for sports activities. Significant differences were found in relation to learning new skills, improving in some activity, having good conversations, and personal development. Most young people (78.6%) chose group leisure activities, and these activities were associated with feelings of belonging, appreciation, and support, in addition to meaningful interactions, such as conversations and sharing of ideas. Conclusion: The SEAS-BR was validated as a reliable tool to assess the leisure experiences of typical young people and those with physical disabilities. This study reinforces the importance of expanding accessible and inclusive leisure options.
Competências e necessidades de formação para o atendimento de crianças, adolescentes e suas famílias em situação de abuso sexual: perspectivas de conselheiros tutelares.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-13)
Vicente, Aparecido Renan
;
Girão, Fernanda Berchelli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9999840170649511
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7229-0519
;
Carlos, Diene Monique
Child and adolescent sexual abuse remain a challenge to the health of children, adolescents and their families. Despite being legitimized and the first access in situations of rights violations, the Guardianship Council has weaknesses in terms of dealing with these situations. Objective: It is to understand the competencies and training needs of guardianship counselors for the care of children, adolescents and their families in situations of sexual abuse. Methods: This study was developed based on a scope review and a qualitative approach. The review followed the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute, with the following guiding question: What educational technologies are used to support the care of sexual violence against children and adolescents? Eight electronic libraries and databases were searched in March and April 2023, namely: Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD); VHL - Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences;PubMed; Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL); Embase Biomedical AnswersScopus; Web of Science; ProQuest Dissertations; and American Psychological Association (APA PsycInfo). Regarding the qualitative study, it was anchored in the Paradigm of Complexity. The participants were 25 guardianship counselors recruited from snowball sampling. Data collection was performed in February and March 2023, through focus groups and semi-structured interviews on virtual platforms. Data analysis was carried out through reflective thematic analysis. Results: Concerning the scoping review, 14 studies were included. The technologies used to support the care of sexual abuse against children and adolescents were mostly classes with traditional methodologies, based on the discussion of concepts, consequences, identification and referrals in the face of this episode. In the qualitative study, three final themes appeared, namely: "Complexity of sexual abuse against children and adolescents"; "The performance of the Guardianship Council in the care of children, adolescents and their families in situations of sexual abuse"; and "Sexual abuse protection network involving children, adolescents and their families". Conclusions: The complexity necessary to understand and consequent care for sexual abuse was evidenced, especially because this violence happen in situations that involve and are interwoven with family, historical, cultural and social elements. To act in this context, there is a need to develop competencies that contemplate a polyocular vision, guided by humanization, welcoming, care coordination and comprehensiveness. The following implications were listed for the practice: (1) the development of skills for guardianship counselors who notice the multiplicity of elements present in the configuration of sexual abuse; (2) the permanent education of these professionals based on the realities experienced, covering topics such as humanization and welcoming, integrality of care, coordination of the care network; (3) the development of dialogued practices among the services present in the System for the Guarantee of the Children and Adolescents Rights to overcome reductionist conducts.
Estudo comparado das propostas educacionais para surdos no Brasil e no Uruguai
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-12-13)
Pinto, Milena Maria
;
Santos, Lara Ferreira dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7312070448044165
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3196-9346
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4207519162784448
La educación de los estudiantes sordos debe considerar la diferencia lingüística y cultural de los sujetos, teniendo una propuesta que priorice el desarrollo del lenguaje y la lengua de instrucción, que es la lengua de señas. Las principales modificaciones en el sistema educativo en diversos países en esta área fueron impulsadas por el reconocimiento de las lenguas de señas y los movimientos de inclusión. A partir de las discusiones sobre la educación de los sordos en América Latina, esta investigación tiene como objetivo comprender la educación para estudiantes sordos en Brasil y Uruguay, siendo una investigación en educación comparada, con enfoque cualitativo. La metodología se organizó en dos etapas: la primera etapa fue la identificación y discusión de documentos oficiales de los países que orientan la educación de los sordos; y la segunda, una investigación de campo en contextos educativos, acercándose a la realidad de los estudiantes sordos de dichos países. Se analizaron tres documentos oficiales brasileños, uno sobre el reconocimiento de la Libras, y los otros sobre la propuesta de educación bilingüe para sordos; y dos documentos uruguayos, uno sobre el reconocimiento de la LSU, y otro sobre aspectos de un modelo plurilingüe, intercultural y pluritecnológico para estudiantes sordos. En la investigación de campo, se realizaron observaciones y registros en un diario de campo de visitas realizadas a dos escuelas en Brasil y a una escuela en Uruguay. A partir de la interpretación de los datos, se definieron ejes temáticos para las reflexiones comparativas, siendo: organización y modelo educativo; enseñanza y uso de las lenguas; relaciones sociales; y al concluir los ejes presentados, discutimos el desarrollo lingüístico y el aprendizaje. Los resultados indican que los conceptos en los modelos educativos guían las prácticas de los profesionales, siendo una diferencia importante que el "plurilingüe" permite mayor libertad y circulación de las lenguas involucradas en la enseñanza, siendo menos rígido. Además, destacamos la importancia de ampliar las discusiones sobre la Educación Infantil y el papel del profesional sordo. Indicamos la necesidad de profundizar las discusiones sobre los modelos educativos ofrecidos, especialmente en relación a los conceptos bilingüe y plurilingüe, reflexionando desde una perspectiva de diferencia lingüística, (re)pensando las experiencias de los estudiantes sordos con el fin de fomentar el desarrollo humano en y a través de la lengua de señas, de forma que sea central en el desarrollo de los estudiantes sordos.