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Eficiência ambiental da agricultura e a transição florestal no Cerrado brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-23)
Simões, Ricardo Muniz
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Bragagnolo, Cassiano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3604206454925741
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9177-3791
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1956548321354022
The Cerrado, one of the most biodiverse biomes on the planet, plays a crucial role in maintaining ecosystems and supporting Brazil’s agriculture. However, the continuous expansion of the agricultural frontier has accelerated deforestation, converting vast areas of native vegetation into pastures and croplands. This study analyzes environmental efficiency (EE) and technical efficiency (TE) in agriculture in municipalities of the Brazilian Cerrado in 2017, investigating their main determinants considering the forest transition theory. To achieve this goal, a stochastic production frontier was estimated using municipal data, with deforestation modeled as an environmentally detrimental input. The results indicate an average TE of 85%, while EE is lower, at 81%. A heterogeneous distribution of forest transition stages in the Cerrado was also observed: municipalities in the south are predominantly in the transition between the second and third phases, while the central and northeastern regions remain mostly in the initial stages, suggesting that deforestation in these areas may increase in the future. Among the efficiency determinants analyzed, no-till farming and technical assistance stand out due to their potential to reduce deforestation. Finally, the results highlight the urgency of public policies focused on conserving the Brazilian Cerrado, particularly the expansion of conservation and environmental protection areas.
Uso do jardim sensorial como ferramenta de educação ambiental e inclusão social: uma revisão de literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-23)
Costa, Beatriz de Oliveira
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Neves, Anne Alessandra Cardoso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5825341428803511
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9422-3699
In the current context, characterized by increasing environmental degradation and the need for accessible and inclusive spaces, sensory gardens emerge as viable alternatives to promote experiential learning, the appreciation of human diversity, and a closer relationship with nature. The main objective of this study is to analyze the use of sensory gardens as a tool for environmental education and social inclusion through a literature review. The research was conducted through a literature review, using a qualitative approach and exploratory nature, consulting databases such as Scielo, Google Scholar, CAPES, and institutional journals. The results highlighted that sensory gardens are designed spaces that utilize multisensory stimuli, such as textures, aromas, sounds, and shapes, fostering environmental education in a practical and participatory way. Furthermore, they stood out as effective tools for social inclusion by respecting the principles of universal design, ensuring accessibility for individuals with different physical and cognitive abilities. The analysis also identified challenges such as lack of financial resources, the need for specific public policies, and the shortage of professional training for the implementation and maintenance of these spaces. It is concluded that sensory gardens have the capacity to promote environmental education and social inclusion, especially when integrated into pedagogical and community practices. However, for these spaces to be widely implemented, it is necessary to overcome structural, technical, and financial challenges through public policies and intersectoral mobilization.
Tolerância a secagem de sementes de cacau: Enzima Superóxido Dismutase como marcador bioquímico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-23)
Tronco, Isadora de Andrade
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Forti, Victor Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5742976162363922
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4421791900767533
Cocoa is a recalcitrant species, as its seeds do not suffer natural desiccation after physiological maturity and are dispersed with high water contents in the environment. One of the difficulties in conserving recalcitrant species is their lower tolerance to low temperatures and low water content, as they do not survive long periods of storage. This sensitivity during storage is related to the inefficient response of defense mechanisms to stress conditions. These mechanisms, such as antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), are responsible for removing the free radicals that cause cell death. The aim of this study was to determine the activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) as a biochemical marker of drying sensitivity in recalcitrant cocoa seeds (Theobroma cacao L). For this, two batches of cocoa seeds, extracted from mature fruit, were subjected to continuous drying in a forced-air oven at 36 ± 2°C to obtain treatments with different water contents. Drying times were: 0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 9 h, 12 h, 15 h, 18 h, 21 h, 24 h, 27 h, 30 h. The seeds from each treatment were evaluated for water content and physiological potential using the germination test and the tetrazolium test. In addition, the seeds from all the treatments in both batches were subjected to biochemical analysis to assess the activity of the SOD enzyme. There was a reduction in viability as assessed by the germination and tetrazolium tests in both batches as they dried. The critical water content of the seeds was reached at 43.61% water content (batch 1) and 66.04% water content (batch 2). The activity of SOD was different between the batches, however, in batch 2, the decrease in SOD occurred after the seeds reached the critical water content. Therefore, this enzyme can be used as a marker of sensitivity to desiccation for quality lots.
Qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de milho tratadas com extrato cambuci
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-23)
Tronco, Vitória de Andrade
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Forti, Victor Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5742976162363922
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8474215692946124
Organic agriculture aims to produce healthy food in harmony with the environment and social security. For organic maize production, seed treatments are essential to maintain physiological and sanitary quality and prevent the spread of relevant phytopathogens in agricultural production fields. The control of these phytopathogens using plant extracts has been studied in the literature. Considering the potential antifungal activity of the secondary compounds produced by plants, the Cambuci (Campomanesia phaea) has this potential, as its leaves and fruits are rich in phenolic compounds, compounds with antifungal properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health and physiological quality of organic maize seeds treated with cambuci extract. Two plant extracts were prepared from different tissues of C. phaea species, fruit peel and leaves, in the following concentrations: 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, and two ways of preparing the tissues, dry (the leaf or peel tissue was dried in an oven with forced air ventilation) and fresh (the peel or leaf tissue was not dried in an oven). The hydroalcoholic solvent extraction of the tissues was placed in a rotary evaporator to obtain a crude aqueous extract (100%) and diluted in water (to obtain concentrations of 25%, 50% and 75%) to be used in the application of the seeds. The seeds were evaluated for sanity by blotter test and for physiological quality by germination, germination speed index (GSI), seedling length, seedling dry matter mass and cold test. Each of the extracts used was evaluated for total phenolic compound content. The dry bark extract showed a higher germination percentage and germination speed index of maize seeds compared to the control, without affecting the biometric variables of the seedlings. The extract of fresh cambuci leaves, in which the highest levels of total phenolic compounds were observed, reduced the percentage of fungi of the genus Fusarium from the 25% concentration onwards. However, the 50% concentration of the fresh leaf extract had a phytotoxic effect on maize seeds, reducing germination by 10.7% compared to the control and the length of the aerial part of the seedlings by 19.46% compared to the control. The 75% concentration of the fresh leaf extract reduced the dry mass of the aerial part of the seedlings by 26.67% compared to the control. The fresh leaf extract at a concentration of 25% represents a promising strategy for treating corn seeds to control associated phytopathogens.
Sistemas agroflorestais e resiliência socioecológica da agricultura familiar na Amazônia Mato-grossense
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-24)
Lopes, Jessica Helena Christofoletti
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Olival, Alexandre de Azevedo
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Gervazio, Wagner
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1664844008759244
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0044300898154040
Socio-Ecological System (SES) is a term that reflects the complexity inherent in human-nature relationships. Assessing the resilience of these systems—generally understood as their capacity to adapt to shocks—is of critical importance within the context of Family Farming (FF), given the range of economic, social, and environmental challenges this sector continuously faces. The use of Agroforestry Systems (AFS) can provide several benefits in response to these challenges, such as increased agrobiodiversity, support in coping with climate change, improved soil conditions, income generation, and food sovereignty in rural communities, among others. One of the most recent shocks experienced by family farming was the Covid-19 pandemic, which brought new challenges and required adaptive responses within this SES. In this context, studies are needed to understand how AFS can serve as a strategy for increasing and/or strengthening resilience in the socio-ecological systems of family farming across different localities and cultural, socioeconomic, and environmental contexts. This research was conducted in the Portal da Amazônia Territory (TPA) in northern Mato Grosso, involving rural communities that implemented AFS aimed at forest restoration (in Permanent Preservation Areas and Legal Reserves) and food production (in agroforestry orchards). The study is organized into two chapters: the first presents the theoretical framework, and the second analyzes AFS as a factor of resilience for family farmers in the study area in response to the Covid-19 shock. To this end, semi-structured interviews with local family farmers and content analysis were employed. The findings indicate that the implemented AFS contributed to food security among the participants, and that alternative marketing strategies played a key role in strengthening family farming, in addition to providing environmental benefits for the region.
Utilização de machine learning e algoritmo genético no design de ligas de titânio para aplicações biomédicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-24)
Nogueira, Luís Guilherme Santagnelo
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Stoco, Caroline Binde
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2458026380104524
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6856-7519
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Otani, Lucas Barcelos
The production of metastable beta titanium alloys for biomedical applications has grown over the last decade, aiming to meet the demand for materials with an elastic modulus more compatible with bone tissue. This contributes positively to biocompatibility and improves mechanical performance. Alloys such as Ti–29Nb–13Ta–4.6Zr (TNZT), Ti–12Mo–6Zr–2Fe (TMZF), and Ti–35Nb–7Zr–5Ta (TiOsteum) are widely used for their properties, such as high specific mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. These alloys also incorporate beta-phase stabilizing and biocompatible elements, such as Zr, Ta, Nb, and Mo, avoiding elements toxic to humans, such as V, Co, Cr, and Cu. A fundamental challenge in using these alloys for orthopedic implants is reducing the difference between their elastic modulus and that of human bone, minimizing the phenomenon of stress shielding, which can cause bone fragility over time. This discrepancy is governed by the final microstructure formed during alloy processing and heat treatment, which includes parameters such as average grain size, alpha phase volume fraction, martensite volume fraction, and omega phase volume fraction, all of which affect mechanical properties. The integration of machine learning, especially through genetic algorithms, can optimize the development of these alloys. This methodology helps identify compositions that minimize the elastic modulus by adjusting parameters and identifying more efficient combinations. Thus, this study aims to apply machine learning combined with genetic algorithms to obtain chemical compositions of titanium alloys with predominantly beta-phase microstructures and the lowest possible elastic modulus. To this end, both experimental data described in the literature and mathematical models were used to optimize parameters such as E, Moeq (molybdenum equivalent), Bo (bond order), and Md (mean d orbital energy level). Using genetic algorithm codes, a list of chemical compositions with potentially desirable microstructures and properties was obtained.
Sustentabilidade e a indústria de papel e celulose: uma análise dos indicadores ambientais de sustentabilidade das empresas Klabin e Suzano S.A
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-24)
Bonini, Gabriela Leandra Souza
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Tiezzi, Rafael de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7979063304544915
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8682-7807
Sustainability in the pulp and paper industry has gained prominence due to increasing pressure for responsible environmental practices. This study evaluates the environmental indicators of Klabin and Suzano S.A., leaders in the Brazilian sector, based on their 2023 sustainability reports. The research addresses energy consumption, water management, waste, and carbon emissions, as well as commitments related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The main objective was to analyze the progress of environmental indicators and the disclosure and standardization of information. The specific objectives included: collecting and comparing the companies environmental indicators; evaluating the standardization of disclosed data; and examining long-term commitments and their alignment with the SDGs. The study employed a descriptive qualitative analysis based on the 2023 sustainability reports. Data were organized into spreadsheets and analyzed comparatively. Inclusion criteria considered companies featured in sustainability rankings, such as the Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE) and the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP). The results highlighted that Klabin stood out for its progress in energy efficiency, while Suzano maintained stability and self-sufficiency in energy generation. Regarding water management, Klabin reduced consumption in water-stressed areas by 20.72%, while Suzano achieved a 99.99% reduction due to the reclassification of areas and initiatives like the Nascentes do Mucuri program. In waste management, Suzano made 90.3% progress toward its goal of reducing industrial waste sent to landfills by 70% by 2030. Klabin achieved a 99.3% total waste reuse rate, reinforcing its circular economy model. Another key topic was carbon emissions: Suzano committed to removing 40 million tons of CO₂ by 2025, while Klabin aims to capture 45 million tons by 2030. Both companies demonstrated significant advances in mitigating climate change. The analyzed companies show leadership in integrating sustainable practices into their operations. Klabin excelled in reducing water consumption and advancing renewable energy, while Suzano showed greater progress in waste management and climate initiatives. Despite the positive results, the lack of standardization in reporting methods complicates direct comparisons. The adoption of stricter national standards would enhance transparency and comparability in the sector.
Modelagem hidrológica da bacia de contribuição da confluência dos rios Itapetininga e Paranapanema
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-24)
Galvão, Pedro Ramos
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Fava, Maria Clara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2972648262855239
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8201-4339
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Vasconcelos, Anaí Floriano
In the current context of climate change, maintaining existing development patterns would increase the exposure and vulnerability of ecosystems and populations to climate threats. Even if global warming is limited to 1.5 °C, historical extreme events will continue to occur. In Brazil, floods have already caused economic losses exceeding R$70 billion and 644 deaths between 1991 and 2023, highlighting the need to improve water management tools. In this context, hydrological modeling stands out as an essential strategy for disaster prediction and mitigation, though its effectiveness relies on reproducing complex patterns in river basins, particularly during climate extremes. This study applied the HEC-HMS model to the contributing basin of the confluence of the Itapetininga and Paranapanema rivers, a region historically impacted by floods, to evaluate its ability to adequately predict flows for this basin. Methods such as the SCS Curve Number for Loss, SCS Unit Hydrograph for Transform, Muskingum for Routing and Constant Monthly for Baseflow were adopted. The model was calibrated using the extreme precipitation event of 2004, and the obtained parameters were applied to simulate events from 2005, 2011, 2016, and 2017. At the outlet, calibration for 2004 resulted in a NSE of 0.700 and an R² of 0.84, reproducing general runoff patterns. However, in subsequent years, NSE values were negative or near zero, and R² values were mostly close to zero. The analysis revealed the basin’s complexity, marked by heterogeneity and dynamic interactions between fluvial systems and adjacent areas. The results underscore the inherent challenges of hydrological modeling, particularly in climate extremes, and emphasize the need for methodological refinements. Despite limitations, the study highlights opportunities for innovations capable of transforming risk mitigation strategies and strengthening resilience to climate change.
Síntese e caracterização de complexos de Eu(III) com ligantes dicetona e diferentes fenantrolinas: aplicações antitumorais e interações com biomoléculas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-24)
Rocha, Josias da Silveira
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Rocha, Fillipe Vieira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5841127259122766
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1157388662502143
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4885-6070
In this work, four Eu(III)-based complexes were synthesized and characterized using the dibenzoylmethane (DBM) ligand and various phenanthrolines, PH (4,7 diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline); NON [1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3',4':5,6]pyrazino[2,3f][1,10]phenanthroline); CN (pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline-2,3-dicarboni trile); and BrF (10-bromo-12-fluorodipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine). Characterization was performed using techniques such as X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis (CHN), molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, and spectroscopy (UV-Vis, IR, 1D and 2D NMR, and fluorescence). The cytotoxicity of the ligands and complexes was evaluated against tumor cell lines, including lung (A549), prostate (DU-145), triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer (A2780cis), as well as a non-tumor lung cell line (MRC-5). The complexes demonstrated high inhibitory activity, often comparable to or exceeding that of the standard drug cisplatin. Among the tested compounds, the Eu(DBM)3PH and Eu(DBM)3BrF complexes stood out, displaying remarkable IC50 values of 0.850 µM and 3.57 µM, respectively, in the A2780cis cell line, with selectivity indices of 59.0 and 14.0, respectively. The mechanism of cell death in the A2780cis cell line was characterized as apoptotic, supported by morphological, clonogenic, and flow cytometry assays. In 3D cytotoxicity assays, the complexes demonstrated the ability to inhibit the growth of tumor spheroids. The Eu(DBM)3PH complex showed cytostatic activity, preventing cellular growth even at the lowest tested concentration (0.78 µM). Conversely, the Eu(DBM)3BrF complex exhibited dose- and time-dependent behavior, inhibiting cell growth at 6.25 µM after 96 hours. To investigate potential biomolecular targets, interaction studies were conducted with classical biomolecules such as DNA and Topoisomerase enzymes. Regarding DNA, the complexes predominantly interacted with the minor groove, with Eu(DBM)3PH achieving an 84.4% suppression of the Hoechst 33258 dye. In Topoisomerase IIα (TOPOIIα) inhibition assays, all complexes except Eu(DBM)3CN showed inhibitory activity at 20 µM. Moreover, the observed selectivity suggested that these complexes act as potential catalytic inhibitors of TOPOII, distinguishing themselves from enzyme poisons like etoposide. The complexes also demonstrated the ability to be biologically transported, showing intermediate to strong binding constants (Kb) in the range of 10⁵–10⁶ with human serum albumin (HSA). The obtained results in this thesis demonstrate the promising potential of Eu(III) complexes with diketone and phenanthroline ligands in the field of antitumor applications, highlighting their selectivity and efficacy in tumor cell models
"Currículo em Ação" de Língua Portuguesa do 2º ano: o currículo implementado e percebido pelas professoras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-25)
Peixoto, Aline de Paula Silva
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Sisla, Heloisa Chalmers
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9446133131561056
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6589-4493
;
Brasileira
This research aims to understand how the implementation of the "Currículo em Ação" ("Curriculum in Action") has taken place. This curriculum was developed by the Nova Escola Association in partnership with the State Department of Education of São Paulo (SEDUC-SP), and it is used in the Portuguese Language teaching materials for the 2nd year of Elementary School, adopted in 2022 and still in use in 2024. The study proposes a reflection on early written language learning, grounded in an analysis of the Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) and the "Currículo em Ação" (CA) didactic materials for the 2nd year of Elementary School in São Carlos, São Paulo. Using a qualitative approach, the research involves document analysis of the BNCC and the "Currículo em Ação" materials in the context of literacy and language development, as well as semi-structured interviews with 2nd-year elementary school teachers. The objective was to analyze the materials and their theoretical and methodological foundations, in addition to evaluating their implementation and impact on students' literacy in the 2nd year. This study is notable for its originality, as it investigates the interaction between these curricular documents, contributing to a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities in literacy within the public education system of the State of São Paulo. The research findings point to a lack of specific training on the CA material. We identified differing understandings of literacy, especially concerning classroom practices, which often do not align with the theoretical framework of Magda Soares, focused on developing reading and writing skills in the early years. Additionally, the study highlights the advancement of the privatization movement in education, evidenced by the development of the materials by a private organization, as well as the increase in teachers' workloads, resulting in the deterioration of teaching working conditions.
A parceria público-privada: uma revisão de trabalhos sobre a inserção do mercado na educação básica brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-25)
Franco, Ana Julia Souza
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Nascimento, Manoel Nelito Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486910967478337
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2425-8885
In recent decades, public education policies have been the subject of dispute and the stage for the insertion of private companies into the public sector. This type of relationship between the state and companies has been highlighted in the Brazilian context in the wake of adjustments to the configuration of the state's role in guaranteeing public services. The problem is linked to the recent neoliberal upsurge in the capitalist world, since, from the 1990s onwards, the Brazilian state began to redirect responsibilities to the private sector in various sectors that serve the population's social rights, including basic education. In this context, this paper aims to analyze the theses and dissertations that deal with the ways in which public-private relations in the field of education have contributed to the privatization of this sector. Public-private relations are the ways in which the state associates itself with private initiative, the latter being the holder of power in this association. The research relies on the contributions of Theresa Adrião's studies to provide theoretical guidance for the analysis. The theses and dissertations catalogued in this work were organized into three types of privatization: 1) privatization via supply; 2) via curriculum; 3) via management. From this analysis, it is clear that the trend advocated by the neoliberal offensive is the privatization of Brazilian basic education, so that it no longer meets the pedagogical needs of this field. The fundamentals observed in the intertwining of private initiative with the state demonstrate the concern to guarantee market interests, which are averse to the democratic and citizenship fundamentals so dear to those who theorize and practice education in Brazil.
Estudos citogenômicos em aves com foco na diferenciação do sistema cromossômico sexual ZZ/ZW
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-25)
Souza, Guilherme Mota
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Cioffi, Marcelo de Bello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0242034365085727
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4340-1464
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9260593229045950
One of the peculiarities of birds is the presence of a stable system of ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes, which originated in an ancestor approximately 70 million years ago. The group is also known for exhibiting karyotypes that present a relatively high level of conservation in relation to the diploid number (2n), generally close to 80 chromosomes, characterized by 10 pairs of macrochromosomes and 30 pairs of microchromosomes. The W chromosome of birds is characterized by frequently presenting an accumulation of repetitive sequences, such as satellite DNA, microsatellites and transposable elements, resulting from the processes of recombination suppression, which cause their morphological differentiation and the accumulation of these elements over time. Satellite DNAs (satDNAs), in turn, have been isolated and analyzed in several lineages, increasingly evidencing their contribution to the evolution of the karyotype and sex chromosomes, with the set of all satDNAs of a species being called Satelitoma. In this context, this work aimed to combine cytogenetic, genomic and bioinformatics analyses in the study of the evolution and differentiation of sex chromosomes in birds. For this purpose, we selected two study models (named A and B). In model A, we selected two species of the Turdidae family (named Turdus leucomelas and Turdus rufiventris), both with conserved 2n, 80 and 78, respectively. The isolation of the T. leucomelas satellitome was then performed, followed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments in both species with the aim of identifying the conservation and divergence between the species, as well as their role in the differentiation of sex chromosomes. Additionally, we performed C-banding and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) studies, in which we identified an atypical configuration of the ZZ/ZW sexual system in T. leucomelas, evidencing an alternative pathway for the evolution of the W chromosome. In model B, we selected two representatives of the Cariamidae family (Cariama cristata and Chunga burmeisteri), which present unusual karyotypes, with 108 and 106 chromosomes, respectively, with the Z chromosome being the largest component of both karyotypes. We compared FISH mapping of the satellites in C. cristata and corresponding in silico analyses. In addition, we compared the two isolated Satellitomes and analyzed the proportion of repetitive elements present in the Z chromosome, aiming to understand how these elements, combined with chromosomal rearrangements, may be associated with their growth in size. The findings provided a deeper understanding of the evolution of sex chromosomes in birds, demonstrating that the evolution of the Z and W chromosomes is considerably more complex than previously thought, encompassing chromosomal rearrangements and genomic alterations that diverge from the ancestral pattern.
Avaliação dos parâmetros que afetam o comportamento elétrico de polietileno de alta densidade aditivado com negro de fumo condutor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-25)
Boog, Jorge Henrique Faber
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Costa, Lidiane Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8246109223926480
;
Marini, Juliano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4533610255047654
Ethanol and gasoline powered automotive vehicles hold a common thermoplastic part molded through injection process, the fuel tank inlet. These parts are typically produced with a polyethylene (PE) compound, and should present static dissipator behavior, avoiding accumulation of electric charges that could cause ignitions during fuel feeding. PE is an electrical insulative material and, therefore, it is necessary to fill it with electrically conductive additives, such as conductive carbon black (CCB), to electrical percolation phenomenon occur and desired electrical behavior to be reached. Electrical conductivity of the part will depend on CCB structure and its chemical composition. Matrix composition, viscosity and molding process will influence on CCB dispersion through the molded part and, as consequence, on the probability of contact between aggregates, enabling or hindering creation of an electrically conductive network. In this project, two CCB types were used as conductive fillers for PE in 10% to evaluate influence of their structures on conductivity. Influence of molding was evaluated by two different methods, injection and compression molding. TGA, DSC, PLOM, oscillatory state rheology, SEM, thermal treatments, skin removal and electrical resistivity analysis were conducted, and results confirmed influence of CCB structure and molding process as key-drivers to obtain electrically conductive parts. The lower structuration degree of CCB, associated with molecular and aggregates orientation in the skin layer resulting from the injection molding process, undermined formation of the electrical percolation network, which was not noted for compression molded parts. Polymeric matrix characteristics have shown less importance to occurrence of electrical percolation phenomenon.
Programas de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências: um olhar para a formação continuada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-27)
Souza, Talita Martins Oliveira de
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Furlan, Elaine Gomes Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3179865576965852
Teacher training in Brazil has advanced in recent years, driven by public policies such as REUNI, which expanded access to higher education. The increase in undergraduate degrees shows that more professionals are preparing for teaching. However, there are still challenges, such as the persistence of traditional methodologies and the need for constant updating of educators. Continuing education has emerged as an essential path to improving the quality of teaching, but it faces obstacles such as lack of recognition and resources. In Science Teaching, it is essential that teachers go beyond rigid approaches and promote critical thinking in students. Academic research, especially in the master's program, can be a powerful tool for transforming teaching practice. In view of this, this study mapped, through documentary research, the Federal Universities in Brazil that offer Postgraduate Programs in Science Teaching, analyzing whether the official documents of the Programs comply with the designation of continuing education. The results indicate that among the Programs that indicate lines of research on Teacher Education, few explicitly refer to the term Continuing Education. In this sense, advancing these discussions is urgent, especially in times of rapid change. Recognizing this need and making it explicit through research indicates a commitment to valuing teachers, providing improvements in Brazilian education.
Hidrogênio verde no Brasil: desafios e oportunidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-27)
Campos, Maria Julia Almeida Carneiro de
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Saavedra, Yovana María Barrera
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5009165247354319
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6515621360329496
Green hydrogen has gained prominence as a promising renewable energy alternative, recognized for its ability to generate energy without carbon emissions. This sector is rapidly growing and attracting significant investments, with the potential to play a crucial role in the global energy transition. In this context, the present work aims to analyze the current state of green hydrogen, its advantages, disadvantages, challenges, and opportunities. To achieve this general objective, the methodology used was based on a bibliographic review. Among the results, it was identified that green hydrogen reduces greenhouse gas emissions and helps further diversify a country's energy matrix. However, despite its advantages, green hydrogen still faces significant challenges. The high production costs, the need for adequate infrastructure for transportation and storage, and issues related to technological efficiency are barriers that need to be overcome. Both internationally and in the national context, expectations are optimistic for reducing production costs, driven by technological advances and large-scale projects aimed at optimizing storage and transportation infrastructure. In Brazil, the country stands out as a strong candidate to become a global leader in green hydrogen production, thanks to the wide availability of renewable sources such as solar and wind energy. Furthermore, Brazil has a vast domestic market and is investing in international partnerships to strengthen the green hydrogen industry.
Cenário preditivo para ocorrência de supressão na bacia do Alto Paranapanema para o ano de 2030 a partir da caracterização de variáveis biofísicas e antrópicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-27)
Lima, Larissa Santana
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Molin, Paulo Guilherme
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1529819650942373
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4587-935X
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8602974626955410
Brazilian development has been based on the exploitation and destruction of native vegetation, intensifying from the 1970s onward with urban, agricultural, and industrial expansion. The suppression of native vegetation, especially in tropical forests, leads to changes in the water cycle, increased carbon emissions, biodiversity loss, worsening climate change, among other impacts. The Atlantic Forest, which extends along most of the Brazilian coast, has suffered significant degradation, with only 12% of its original cover remaining. The Cerrado was exploited later; however, it has faced intense deterioration, with few protected areas. Both biomes are considered global biodiversity hotspots due to their rich biodiversity being under severe threat. Suppression has resulted in drastic fragmentation and biodiversity reduction, which is particularly notable in the Alto Paranapanema Basin, where the Atlantic Forest meets the Cerrado. Suppression can occur for different reasons, such as wildfires, clear-cutting for commercial purposes, or natural causes, including practices authorized by environmental licensing and laws. In this context, the study aimed to model a simulated suppression map for the year 2030 in the Alto Paranapanema Basin. The transition to the Mosaic of Uses showed the highest simulated transition percentage between 2020 and 2030, with a transition rate of 1.59%, followed by conversion to agriculture at 1.08%, while the transition to non-vegetated areas, which includes urban areas, showed a simulated transition of 0.02% for the same period. These results, combined with the variables used, indicate that the trend of expansion toward these activities continues, especially associated with resources, accessibility, and infrastructure.
Avaliação do sistema de drenagem e manejo das águas pluviais do município de Louveira – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-27)
Soares, Taynara dos Santos
;
Vasconcelos, Anaí Floriano
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6595801339743126
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0596-8251
Accelerated and unplanned urbanization poses significant challenges for municipalities, particularly concerning solid waste management, land use, and urban drainage systems. Soil impermeabilization and irregular occupation exacerbate surface runoff, leading to flooding and hindering water infiltration, while improper waste disposal often clogs drainage systems, amplifying environmental and urban impacts. These issues are further intensified by limited financial and technical resources, complicating the implementation of sustainable solutions. This study evaluates the efficiency of the urban drainage system and stormwater management in Louveira, São Paulo, focusing on obstacles related to unregulated urbanization and infrastructure limitations. The analysis draws on the National Solid Waste Policy (Law No. 12.305/2010), the Basic Sanitation and Drainage Law (Law No. 11.445/2007), local land use laws (Municipal Law No. 2.332/2013), interview with the Environmental Management Secretariat, and an assessment of the Municipal Sanitation Plan. The study aims to diagnose current water management conditions and propose sustainable solutions aligned with municipal sanitation plans and legislation. The findings highlight inefficiencies in waste management in informal areas and difficulties improving the drainage system, emphasizing the need for integrated public policies, environmental education, and sustainable urban planning.
Literatura japonesa na Biblioteca Mário de Andrade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-27)
Albertini, Nicolas Fernando Ferreira
;
Zafalon, Zaira Regina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1584935790390793
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4467-2138
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1694085183658484
This research, within the scope of memory, identity and heritage studies, focuses on Japanese literature, which, combined with the collection of the Mário de Andrade Library, constitutes the object of study. Over the years, hundreds of Japanese immigrants have come to Brazil, bringing with them their culture, habits and experiences, resulting in a direct influence on Brazilian society. With the largest concentration in the city of São Paulo, the Japanese community has the Historical Museum of Japanese Immigration in Brazil and a branch of the Japan House. In line with the research's focus on Japanese literature, the collection of the Mário de Andrade Library (BMA) in São Paulo is also of interest. This is because, in addition to being the second largest library in Brazil, it stands out for its mission of disseminating its collection to national and foreign researchers and for its trajectory in the formation of readers and intellectuals. It is in this context that the research question is: How is Japanese literature characterized in the Mário de Andrade Library?, with the aim of analyzing Japanese literature in the collection of this library. The research, with a qualitative approach, is exploratory in its objectives and applied in nature. In order to achieve its objectives, bibliographic and documentary procedures were used to outline the history of the Japanese-Brazilian community and the BMA, and content analysis was used for the results. The data were obtained after being provided by the institution. The study resulted in a proposal to reevaluate the policies for indexing, collections and cataloging the BMA, after analyzing the access points for information resources on Japanese literature. It was concluded that the reformulated application of these policies in the Japanese literature collection of the Mário de Andrade Library will provide new perspectives on the subject, greater visibility of the collection, and make the retrieval of resources more fluid and dynamic.
Avaliação da viabilidade técnica e econômica do uso de polietileno reciclado para produção de caixas d´água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-27)
Carvalho, Isadora Pradella
;
Gazzola, Jonathan
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159433721761670
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7625151752031858
The increasing generation of solid waste, driven by urbanization, economic expansion, and population growth, presents a significant environmental challenge. Plastics, whose global production has grown exponentially since 1950, are one of the main components of this waste, with only 20% being recycled. This study analyzed the technical and economic feasibility of using recycled polyethylene in the production of water tanks, promoting the circular economy. Mechanical tests demonstrated that recycled polyethylene exhibits adequate strength and stability, especially with optimized thicknesses, ensuring structural safety and functionality. Additionally, the water quality analysis revealed that the material does not compromise the pH of the stored fluid. Despite the increased weight compared to conventional water tanks, the use of recycled polyethylene proved to be a sustainable and technically viable alternative, although economically less attractive due to the high cost of the final product. The study concludes that advances in recycling processes could improve the competitiveness of this material, reducing its environmental impact and enhancing its potential for application.
Dimensionamento e implantação de uma estação compacta de tratamento de água visando a redução de dureza e compostos de enxofre para emprego em aviários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-01-27)
Meira, Roberto Sgarbi
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Pantoja Filho, Jorge Luis Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7139425471960071
This work presents the design and implementation of a compact water treatment station for poultry farms, focusing on reducing water hardness and sulfur compounds in groundwater. Water quality is crucial for the health and productivity of birds, especially in broiler chicken farms, where water represents up to. The study was conducted at Sítio São Roque, in Campina do Monte Alegre - SP, where water from a groundwater well was analyzed to meet the necessary quality standards.