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Análise de plágio em código fonte usando similaridade de sinal 1D
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Mancuzo, Kaique Venuto; Backes, André Ricardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8590140337571249
Source code plagiarism is a recurring issue in academia, and its manual detection is a highly time-consuming task due to the large volume of assignments in programming courses. To address this, this study proposes an approach to measuring similarity between source codes using signal processing techniques, treating them as one-dimensional signals. The hypothesis is that this approach may be more resistant to obfuscation techniques than conventional methods. Three approaches were explored: time-domain analysis, Fourier Transform, and Wavelet Transform. The applied metrics were evaluated on datasets containing previously identified cases of plagiarism and compared with the MOSS and JPlag tools. The results indicate that time-domain analysis, particularly with Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) distance and Pearson correlation, was the most effective in identifying plagiarism, achieving performance comparable to traditional tools.
Nanofios de SnO2: estudo e caracterização de dispositivos sensores de ozônio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Ribeiro, Simone Macêdo; Chiquito, Adenilson José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7087360072774314; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6132256533400224; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0645-824X
This work involves the production, characterization and optimization of electronic devices based on SnO2 nanowires in order to study the electronic transport and ozone detection properties of these devices. The surfaces of SnO2 nanowires are responsible for giving the material sensing qualities for different chemical species, such as ozone. This work investigated the electronic properties of devices based on a single nanowire and a network of nanowires and their responses when subjected to different environments in which the exposure time and the amount of the gas of interest at room temperature were controlled. The SnO2 samples were characterized using electron microscopy images which showed the formation of randomly distributed nanowires on the growth substrates with lengths in the order of tens to hundreds of micrometres and typical widths between tens of nanometres and micrometres. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the SnO2 isomorphous phase with tetragonal symmetry, rutile type and P42/mnm space group for all samples. Transport experiments were conducted to analyze the transport mechanisms: Thermal activation (high temperatures) and Variable Range Hopping (low temperatures) were observed. The results, in terms of ozone detection, showed that the response time to exposure to the gas at room temperature was fast (t<2 min) compared to literature data, as well as demonstrating high detection sensitivity. In order to optimize the device's gain, illuminating the devices with Ultraviolet Light proved to be very effective in the process of “cleaning” the sensors after each ozone exposure cycle. In comparison with data from the literature, the devices developed here demonstrate great efficiency when working at room temperature, with expressive responses and high reproducibility for ozone concentrations in the order of hundreds of ppb. In addition, the process for manufacturing the samples and devices is low-cost and easily scalable.
A variação do objeto direto anafórico de terceira pessoa: uma análise em noticiários de TV do início do séc. XXI
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Sacchi, Rebeca dos Santos; Azevedo, Lívia Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8184443512616074; Biazolli, Caroline Carnielli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7908630593356660; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8578-8102; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1323879115068275
Este trabajo de conclusión de grado busca realizar un levantamiento de los datos de las variantes del fenómeno lingüístico “objeto directo anafórico de tercera persona” y controlar las variables independientes “tema” y el “rasgo semántico del antecedente”,en textos del en textos del género textual-discursivo de informativos televisivos, hechos en los años 2000. Para eso, presentamos un levantamiento bibliográfico a respecto de la Teoría de la Variación y Cambio lingüístico (Weinreich; Labov; Herzog, 2006[1968]; Labov, 2008[1972]) y del fenómeno variable analizado en esta investigación. Realizamos los análisis y utilizamos la plataforma R (R Core Team, 2024) en su interfaz RStudio, para cuantificar los resultados encontrados. Los resultados de esta investigación, que son de carácter quali-quantitativo, apuntan que no hubo ocurrencias de pronombres lexicales anafóricos, y indican un apagamiento del clítico acusativo, siendo esta la variante que menos se utiliza un todos los contextos analizados. Además de eso, la variable “rasgo semántico del antecedente” se ha mostrado relevante, mientras que el “tema”, para el conjunto de datos examinados, no demuestra ninguna influencia.
Instabilidade e projetos de vida: as incertezas do mundo no caminho dos estudantes do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Francisco, Antônio Marcos; Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9572-4586; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9179931841249964; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1145-9661
The concept of a life project (purpose) has become a part of the school curriculum and aims to provide opportunities for the holistic development of students. This new educational context of the 21st century is not disconnected from social reality, and the instability of the contemporary era can be an indicator of problems in high school students’ life projects. Bauman (2001) and Beck (2011) present two characteristics of modernity. They can influence these young people in the construction, execution and conquest of their projects: instability and individualization process. Objective: The present research has three objectives: to analyze and discuss the future expectations that high school students and high school graduates have in their life projects (purpose) and investigate if the instability of liquid modernity, historical moment in which they live, can limit your future plans (purpose) to short-term experiences. We realized during the reading of the theoretical framework that the process of individualization is another aspect of liquid modernity that needed to be discussed. Because it tends to influence these young people to consider the execution and results obtained with their life projects as an individualized responsibility. Methodology: The research brings together two data collection instruments: first, a questionnaire with open and closed questions is applied. Students from a school in the state network of Minas Gerais answered the questions at the end of the academic year 2022 and beginning of the academic year 2023; as a second data collection instrument, we conducted some collective conversations with students who left high school. This occurred in June 2023 and at the end of the first quarter of 2024. In these collective conversations, these young people were able to discuss the results obtained or not with their life projects. Results: The purposes are essential for these young people as they can assist them in following path that aligns with their desires, wishes, and intentions. The purpose (life project) can help young people become more aware of the choices that guide their life stories. But according to the research, there are two aspects of liquid modernity that affect the construction and execution of these life projects. The first is the social, cultural and economic instability that makes the visualization of their future uncertain. And the perception of young people is that they are solely responsible for the results that can be obtained with their future plans. Certain contradictions were also observed in the educational proposals. The school that welcomes youth offers in the school curricula spaces for reflection and construction of these purposes, at the same time, presents as a task of education the development of skills so that these young people become able to adapt flexibly to the labor market. Associating predominantly the purposes to the flexibilization produced by the logic of capital. These purposes require longer periods for their realization, if the young person develops the competence of flexibility, consequently, their purposes can be summarized as short-term plans and episodic experiences. Another problem is also present. If these young people assume the role of protagonist in all phases of life projects, such as construction, execution and results, this can influence their perceptions about these projects, because social and economic limitations may be disregarded and, consequently, the whole project of life is visualized as a result of their dedication or personal effort. If you lack dedication, you will experience frustration. Conclusion: The educational task should enable these young people to receive an increasingly critical training that motivates them to fight for the transformation of this unstable and individualized world into something more hospitable for their projects and life trajectories.
Classificação de defeitos a partir de imagens de superfícies fabricadas por manufatura aditiva robotizada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Ernandes, João Pedro Gonçalves; Shiki, Sidney Bruce; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7800381992523816
With the rapid evolution of industries in recent years, new, more flexible, and cost-effective production methods are required to meet growing demands. Among the fastest-growing methods, additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, stands out. This process offers significant advantages for the industry, such as a more flexible design, the ability to produce parts with complex geometries at low costs, and strong consistency with the original model. Within additive manufacturing, there is a specific process where an extruder is mounted on a robotic manipulator, allowing for even greater flexibility during production. However, this flexibility, while advantageous, also increases the number of process variables and, consequently, the potential for errors. In this context, the present work aims to develop an algorithm capable of classifying surface defects that occur on a part during its production using robotic additive manufacturing, as a means of enabling effective monitoring. This classification was performed by a machine learning algorithm through the analysis of images captured by a camera connected to a Raspberry Pi mini-computer. The goal was to achieve an algorithm capable of accurately classifying defects that arise during the robotic additive manufacturing process. Through these analyses, preventive measures can be taken to reduce the frequency of such errors or even eliminate them, as well as to implement a correction system during the manufacturing process.
Associação entre o torque abdutor do quadril e dos torques flexor e extensor do joelho com o momento externo abdutor do joelho durante o side-step cutting
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Bianquini, Vinícius; Serrão, Fábio Viadanna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8137335642635433; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3655-9933; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2705155120331182; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1714-4679
Most anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in sports result from non-contact mechanisms, occurring during activities that involve jump landing, deceleration, and/or changes of direction. The external knee abduction moment is a predictor of primary ACL injury in female athletes. Side-step cutting is a common task in sports involving deceleration and change of direction. Previous research has indicated a high external knee abduction moment during side-step cutting. Although some studies have identified predictors of external knee abduction moment during side-step cutting, little is known regarding the association between hip and knee muscle strength and the external knee abduction moment in healthy female athletes performing this task. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between isometric hip abductor torque, knee flexor and extensor torque, and the knee flexor/extensor torque ratio with the external knee abduction moment during 45° side-step cutting. Twenty-one healthy female athletes (21.8±2.65 years) participated in this study. Isometric hip abductor torque and knee flexor and extensor torque were measured using handheld dynamometry. The external knee abduction moment during side-step cutting was calculated through inverse dynamics procedures. The hip and knee torque, as well as the external knee abduction moment were normalized by each participant's body weight and height. The association between torque measures and the external knee abduction moment was evaluated using a quadratic rank generalization of Spearman's rho squared (ρ2) with a statistical significance level set at 5%. No association was found between hip abductor torque (ρ2 = 0,16; p = 0,204), knee flexor torque (ρ2= 0,04; p = 0,672), knee extensor torque (ρ2= 0,20; p = 0,130), and the knee flexor/extensor torque ratio (ρ2 = 0,08; p = 0,459) with the external knee abduction moment. Thus, in healthy female athletes, the isometric hip abductor torque, knee flexor and extensor torque, and the knee flexor/extensor torque ratio, assessed by handheld dynamometry, are not associated with the external knee abduction moment during 45° side-step cutting.
Trajetória ocupacional e sofrimento psíquico de mulheres trabalhadoras motoristas de aplicativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Caravita, Marina Victorelli; Risk, Eduardo Name; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9006559297031800; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7290-2597; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7122920713010915
Uberization produces a new form of mediation of the subordination of workers who take responsibility for the main means of production. The creation of transport apps has contributed to the growth of the occupation, also causing a redefinition of the image of the driver, previously associated with the male gender. However, female app drivers still face inequalities. The aim of this study was to understand the occupational trajectory of female drivers of private transportation by app. This is a qualitative, exploratory, cross-sectional study based on semi-structured interviews with four female app drivers, two cooperative and two non-cooperative. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed in full. The research protocol was approved by UFSCar’s CEP (CAAE No. 77876024.6.0000.5504). The data was analyzed using thematic analysis, allowing the main dimensions of the participants’ work experience to be identified. Among the main findings were the precariousness of the work of app drivers, the emotional overload resulting from insecurity and long working hours, and the perception of autonomy as an ambivalent element, which simultaneously represents flexibility and financial instability. It was also observed that, in the case of female cooperative drivers, the cooperative plays a significant role in reducing the psychological burden, providing emotional support and fairer working conditions. However, gender inequality remains a structural challenge, influencing both work dynamics and the safety of female drivers. Thus, the results suggest the need for public policies and collective strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of uberization and promote greater equity in the app-based transport sector.
Suzuki Early Childhood Education: um estudo dos seus conteúdos sob a perspectiva de Zabala e a relação com a filosofia Suzuki
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Alvarenga Giglioti, Gabrielle; Galizia, Fernando Stanzione; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4007795540173093; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9597-0733; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5448776258993128; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1890-2368
This thesis investigates the content covered in early childhood music education classes from the perspective of the Suzuki Philosophy, which values not only musical training but also the holistic development of the individual. The main aim of the research is to understand the content developed in the Suzuki Early Childhood Education (SECE) program classes, identify the activities, and analyze their relationship with the principles of the Suzuki Philosophy. To achieve this, the research seeks to: (1) identify the content covered in the classes; (2) analyze the relationship between the activities carried out and the Suzuki Philosophy; and (3) understand how these contents are taught to infants and young children. The study adopts a qualitative approach and a case study design, using semi-structured interviews, participant observations, and document analysis to collect and interpret data. The content analysis is based on Zabala's categorization, which distinguishes procedural, attitudinal, and conceptual content. The results indicate that procedural content, especially that which is more motor and algorithmic in nature, predominates in the classes, reflecting Suzuki's principle of learning through repetition and practical experimentation. Attitudinal content, particularly related to norms and values, highlights the emphasis of the Suzuki Philosophy on character formation. Conceptual content appears more sporadically, mainly in the form of teacher explanations in specific situations. The research concludes that the activities in the SECE program align with the principles of the Suzuki Philosophy, as each principle appears to varying degrees in different activities observed during the classes. Additionally, the teacher’s role in applying these principles is emphasized, particularly focusing on procedural and attitudinal content. Therefore, the analysis suggests that criticisms of the Suzuki Method often stem from its practical implementation, which is frequently carried out without proper training and application of the Suzuki Philosophy.
Desenvolvimento e caracterização de um smart wound dressing: membrana de colágeno com propriedade antimicrobiana e monitoramento bacteriano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Alves, Gabriella Monteiro; Komatsu, Daniel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2620060426867863; Duek, Eliana Aparecida de Rezende; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4147198882685212; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2277315667587301
Burns are complex and severe injuries that affect the skin and, in severe cases, deeper tissues, potentially leading to complications such as infections and prolonged healing. The treatment of burns with conventional dressings can cause additional injuries due to their adherence to the tissue. Collagen (COL) is widely used in the biomedical field for its regenerative properties and can aid in burn healing. However, it has limitations such as low mechanical strength and rapid biodegradability. To overcome these limitations, COL can undergo crosslinking processes, for which vanillin (VAN) was used in this study, resulting in a material with improved physical properties. To develop an intelligent membrane capable of detecting pH changes, red cabbage extract (RCE) was incorporated into the COL membrane crosslinked with VAN. The methodology for the development and characterization of the membrane included the extraction and lyophilization of anthocyanins from red cabbage, as well as the formation of COL, COL/RCE, COL/VAN (0.5%, 1%, 3%, and 6% vanillin), and COL/RCE/VAN (0.5%, 1%, 3%, and 6% vanillin) membranes. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis analysis confirmed that the COL used in membrane preparation corresponds to type I collagen. Although the smart wound dressing exhibited lower mechanical properties compared to COL, techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetry (TG), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (¹H NMR) demonstrated that RCE and a 6% VAN concentration increased the crosslinking of COL, improving its stability and thermal properties. The membranes containing RCE exhibited lower swelling, indicating higher crosslinking. Furthermore, RCE was not negatively affected by COL and VAN in its pH indicator capability. VAN at 6% demonstrated an antimicrobial effect, and the membranes containing ERR proved effective in detecting the presence of bacteria. The influence study of RCE variation indicated that VAN is essential for the structural and functional stability of the membranes, as well as for promoting COL crosslinking. Thus, the COL/RCE/6% VAN membrane has the potential to be used as a wound dressing to monitor the condition of injuries such as burns, indicate the presence of bacterial infections in the wound, and offer a low-cost solution.
Representação social do hospital para as crianças doentes: o papel da mediação pedagógica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Barone, Beatriz Vieira; Gonçalves, Adriana Garcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3907378784787581; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-2001; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7084311232846429; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3950-9299
The hospitalization of a child represents a complex and challenging moment, influencing not only their physical health but also their social, emotional, and educational development. The distance from family, friends, school, and daily activities can trigger feelings of fear, anxiety, sadness, loneliness, regression, and even trauma. The present research aimed to analyze the social representation of the hospital for sick children through pedagogical mediation using the Drawing-Story with Theme technique. This was a pedagogical intervention study, with a qualitative approach and descriptive design. The study was carried out in the playroom of a pediatric ward located in a philanthropic hospital in a medium-sized city in the interior of the state of São Paulo. Ten children between six and ten years of age participated, as well as their respective caregivers. Data collection occurred through five stages: [1] application of a semi-structured interview script with the caregiver; [2] request for the child to create a Drawing-Story with the theme "hospital"; [3] semi-structured interview with the child; [4] development and implementation of school-based pedagogical activities, with analysis and feedback from the children regarding the pedagogical mediation; [5] request for a new Drawing-Story with the theme "hospital after the experience with the teacher." The initial drawings revealed two perceptions of the hospital. On the one hand, positive aspects related to the care provided by the nursing staff; on the other hand, negative aspects related to the wait for medical care, the venipuncture procedure, and prolonged bed rest. The pedagogical mediation was structured through three school-based educational activities: storytelling, curricular activity, and game. For the analysis, results from an observation protocol applied by a research assistant were used, highlighting the actions of the teacher/researcher and the child's responses within the axes of instruction, development, and feedback. The pedagogical mediation highlighted the positive impacts of the teacher-student relationship, significantly contributing to the children's well-being and enabling experiences of joy, learning, and play, even amid the adversities of the hospital context. The drawings produced after this intervention introduced new characters into the hospital setting, such as the playroom, the teacher, the research assistant, and the game, emphasizing the importance of play and study within this environment. In view of this, the importance of the study is emphasized for understanding children's perspectives on the hospital environment and for ensuring their right to educational continuity, promoting not only cognitive development but also the recovery of their identity and well-being.
Sistema de telemetria para veículos de competição Baja baseado em tecnologia de comunicação LoRa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Costa, João Paulo Sampaio Góes; Fernandes, Marcio Merino; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7278634019537967
Telemetry allows us to monitor a system in real time. On motorsports, it can be used to monitor the condition of the variety of systems that ensure the correct operation of the vehicle, like the breaking, suspension, engine and steering wheel systems. This allows the team to be able to detect problems during tests runs, practices and competitions, ensuring the safety of both the pilot and the car. The aim of this work is to design a telemetry system for Baja vehicles. To achieve this, it was used the LoRa communication technology, which offers long range and low energy consumption, making it ideal for this type of application. Additionally, three different LoRa communication systems were compared using the LoRa module E220-900T220D, as well as the SX1262 and SX1276 modules present in the Esp32 Heltec Wifi Lora 32 V1 and V3 development boards. Lastly, the Esp32 WROOM DevKit V1 board was used for reading the sensors embedded in the vehicle.
Pensar fora da quadra: letramento em Cultura Corporal de Movimento na Educação Física Escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Silva, Jéssica Rafaeli da; Ramos, Glauco Nunes Souto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0134679842280022; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2644-2838; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4733165660761636; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6383-7655
School Physical Education (SPE) is a field that has sought to establish itself as an essential curricular component in basic education, beyond legislation, consolidating itself as an effective educational practice that has body movement culture as its object of knowledge. However, for decades these changes have not been sufficient to promote its significant recognition. Based on professional daily experiences, the need was identified to understand whether social representations about SPE influence teaching practice and whether they impact the field. In this sense, the concept of literacy was applied to the Body Movement Culture to designate the knowledge that forms the object of Physical Education, which may contribute to positive changes in the Social Representations of SPE. The objective of the study is to identify and discuss the social representations of Physical Education teachers and pedagogues regarding SPE, aiming to outline possible interventions for teaching practice and its implications for the field. To conduct the research, a qualitative methodology applied to the pedagogical area was used, and as data collection instruments, an online questionnaire was administered to pedagogues, specialized teachers, and managers; additionally, five in-person meetings were held to conduct conversation circles with SPE teachers. Data analysis was supported by the Iramuteq software for content analysis and data triangulation to explore the participants' experiences, perspectives, and practices, highlighting topics that fostered discussions and reflections on teaching practice, aiming to value SPE. The findings point to the need for greater understanding of SPE by pedagogical teachers, specialized teachers (including those from the SPE field), and managers, proposing literacy in body movement culture as an effective contributor along this path. Furthermore, the importance of communication among educators and better use of training times is emphasized. Based on the discussions from this work, it is expected that SPE will be more recognized and valued as a mandatory curricular component, also considering the work of specialized professionals and the actions and opportunities within the school community.
De estudante a educadora: uma jornada no ensino de ciências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Steola, Ana Carolina da Silva; Galletti, Rebeca Chiacchio Azevedo Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1165657786360823
This memorial portrays Ana Carolina da Silva Steola's journey in the field of Science Teaching, from her early discoveries to her establishment as an educator. Her childhood was marked by natural scientific curiosity, nurtured by her family environment and playful school experiences, which led her to develop an investigative perspective on the natural world. In the university environment, her education gained new dimensions through transformative experiences at the Interactive Science Space (EIC) and the Scientific-Cultural Dissemination Center (CDCC). In these spaces, she developed a deep understanding of the importance of making scientific knowledge accessible and meaningful to different audiences. Her participation in initiatives such as the Rondon Project and PIBID further broadened her horizons, allowing her to work in teacher training, develop practical workshops, and establish vital connections between scientific knowledge and community realities. Throughout her journey, she faced and overcame various personal and professional challenges, including periods of grief and health issues, which strengthened her resilience. Contact with the limitations of the educational system and the difficulties faced by students in situations of social vulnerability deepened her conviction about education's transformative role. The memorial evidences a vision of scientific education that transcends the traditional, integrating theory and practice in an inclusive and investigative approach. The author demonstrates how her trajectory was built on the principle that Science teaching must go beyond the classroom limits, promoting significant impact on student formation, professional development of teachers, and community progress. Her narrative emphasizes the importance of constant renewal of pedagogical practices, empathy in the educational process, and commitment to scientific education that dialogues with contemporary social realities.
Estudo do desempenho do aço válvula austenítico WNr. 1.4882 (X50CrMnNiNbN21-9) laminado a quente sob diferentes níveis de deformação e temperatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Fernandes, Thaís Melo; Coury, Francisco Gil; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8609825406277730; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0457-2087; Mazzer, Eric Marchezini; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7273276940567054; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9208-2047; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6989260584360529; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4217-8611
The austenitic valve steel WNr. 1.4882 (X50CrMnNiNbN21-9) is highly alloyed with Cr, Mn, Ni with significant additions of Nb, W, C and N, it has a narrow hot rolling range temperature and is susceptible to cracking during the process. Therefore, the present work aims to study the performance of this steel produced by Villares Metals SA (steelmaker of specialty steels and alloys) when it is hot rolled under different degrees of deformation and temperatures. CALPHAD method was used to predict the precipitation temperatures, mass fractions and chemical composition of the possible phases formed during solidification and steel processing. The forming was done using wedges with geometries and effective deformation levels defined by thermomechanical simulation in Deform 3D®. The research material was rolled at temperatures of 1050, 1100, 1150, 1200 and 1230°C (+30°C in the heating furnace) using a pilot-scale rolling mill at the Villares Metals SA R&D Center. After the process, the microstructures were analyzed via optical microscopy and SEM/EDS and hardness tests were performed in regions with different levels of deformation for each temperature. The results showed that the best temperature range for hot forming of steel occurs between 1100 and 1200°C, condition in which the austenitic matrix contains significant precipitation of only Nb,Cr(C,N). Below this temperature range, there is significant formation of M23C6 at the grain boundaries and precipitation of M2N may occur at points with greater temperature loss, which can make the steel more brittle. In the wedge rolled at 1230°C, the heating temperature (1260°C) exceeded the liquidus of the alloy (1242°C in Scheil) locally in the regions with the presence of M23C6 carbides. Therefore, it is concluded that processing conditions close to the range of 1230-1260°C should also be avoided during forming.
Investigação da aplicabilidade de insertos de metal duro revestidos no torneamento da liga Ti-15Mo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Sabadini, Roberto Carlos; Ventura, Carlos Eiji Hirata; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1689198421096127; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0736547161808437
The low density and high corrosion and fatigue resistance of titanium alloys favor their use in the aerospace, medical implant and orthodontic industries. However, their machining is a hallenging process due to their low thermal conductivity, low modulus of elasticity and chemical affinity with the tool material. High temperatures are generated in the cutting region, damaging surface finish and reducing tool life. In an attempt to overcome these difficulties, new machining techniques have been developed, such as the use of new lubricants and the pplication of different tool coatings. Within this context, this research proposes a comparative analysis of the performance of uncoated inserts and inserts with three types of coatings (AlTiN/TiSiXN, AlCrN and TiCN), in order to determine the most suitable for the turning process of the Ti-15Mo alloy. For this purpose, cemented tungsten carbide inserts ISO grade S10 were ground in laboratory, commercially coated by physical vapor deposition (PVD) and subjected to life tests, after which the main wear mechanisms were evaluated. In terms of tool wear, the least satisfactory results were found for the AlTiN/TiSiXN coated inserts, while the most satisfactory were verified for the AlCrN coated inserts. In all cases, adhesion was the predominant wear mechanism and similar roughness values were obtained, indicating that the application of coating without titanium can increase tool performance.
Implementação do lean em instituições de ensino superior públicas: revisão de literatura e proposição de melhoria de processos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Rodrigues, Marcelo Sales; Lizarelli, Fabiane Letícia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4525431419326559; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9007718207311398
Lean is a methodology that aims to eliminate waste, improve organizational performance, and increase customer satisfaction. This approach has been used in various types of public and private organizations, including Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). The application of Lean principles, tools, and practices in these organizations can bring significant benefits to public HEIs, as these organizations face budget constraints and challenges in efficiently managing processes. However, it is important to understand how Lean can be implemented and the challenges involved in its implementation in public HEIs. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to analyze the literature on Lean implementation in public HEIs, associating the findings with process improvement proposals. Using a multimethod approach, this dissertation consists of two articles. The first article aimed to conduct a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on the implementation of Lean in public HEIs to identify applications, barriers, and benefits achieved. Searches were conducted in two databases, Scopus and Web of Science. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 21 articles were selected for bibliometric and thematic analysis. The results highlight that among the main barriers identified are the lack of involvement from leadership and public servants, as well as the lack of communication between different sectors of HEIs. Among the benefits are waste elimination, cost reduction, performance improvement, and increased customer satisfaction. The observed results allow for an analysis of the literature in the field and provide HEI managers with information to improve performance by applying Lean principles. The second article analyzed the application of Lean in the Transportation Sector at the Sinop University Campus (CUS/UFMT), where wastes affecting efficiency were identified. Tools such as Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and the 5W1H plan were used to propose improvements that eliminate redundancies and streamline processes. The proposals include document digitization, improving communication in transportation requests, and separating simple and complex maintenance, with specialized technical diagnoses for the latter. These initiatives aim to reduce time and costs, increase efficiency, and optimize resource use. The implementation requires a detailed plan and training, ensuring the consolidation of a continuous improvement culture. The study demonstrates the potential of Lean philosophy to improve the quality and efficiency of services in public HEIs.
Letramento em saúde, fragilidade e sintomas depressivos de pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica em Diálise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Silva, Cleanderson Costa da; Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7395879552721664; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5714-6890; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5120041739941217; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1483-6613
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible condition that has an impact on public health. Its treatment includes conservative approaches and renal replacement therapies, such as dialysis - hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) - and kidney transplantation. Due to the changes caused by the disease, the risk of physical frailty, characterized by a systemic inflammatory process, and social frailty, characterized by reduced support and social relationships, can be present in the patient, intensifying depressive signs and symptoms. In this context, Health Literacy (HL) is essential to enable them to access and understand health information, favoring their decision-making about care, prevention and health promotion, contributing to better adaptation to CKD. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between the level of HL and physical frailty, social frailty and symptoms of depression among HD and PD patients. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study with a quantitative approach. 169 HD (N=97) and PD (N=72) patients aged 18 or over were assessed. The instruments used were: Sociodemographic, Economic and Health Conditions Characterization, European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire Short Form - 16 items (HLS-EU-Q16), Subjective Assessment of Frailty (ASF), Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI), HALFT Social Frailty Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The results indicate a predominance of males in HD (51.5%) and females in PD (58.3%). In both treatments, the majority of patients were white, had a steady partner, were retired, took five or more medications and had systemic arterial hypertension. There was a prevalence of problematic/inadequate LS of 39.2% in HD and 43.1% in PD, as well as frailty by TFI (HD=54.6%; PD=84.7%), with a statistically significant difference between the groups (p<0.001). According to the ASF, frailty was 45.4% in HD and 54.2% in PD. Social pre-frailty was identified in both treatments (HD=59.8%; SD=63.9%), as was the presence of depressive symptoms ranging from mild to severe (HD=53.6%; SD=69.4%). There was a moderate positive correlation between LS and family income (r=0.307; p<0.001). Negative correlations of weak magnitude were observed between LS and physical frailty (r=-0.232; p=0.002) and between LS and the social domain of the TFI (r=-0.262; p=0.001). Moderate negative correlations were identified between LS and frailty using the total TFI (r=-0.373; p<0.001), the physical domain of the TFI (r=-0.340; p<0.001), social frailty (r=-0.381; p<0.001) and symptoms of depression (r=-0.301; p<0.001). The logistic regression analysis showed that lower schooling (elementary school - OR=4.544), social frailty (being socially fragile - OR=4.999) and the presence of depressive symptoms (increased severity of depression with each point on the PHQ-9 instrument - OR=1.094) were associated with greater chances of problematic/inadequate SL. It can be concluded that patients' worse SL is associated with low schooling, social frailty and depressive symptoms. Low income and the presence of physical frailty were also associated with worse SL. This information can help health professionals implement more targeted therapeutic interventions, as well as contributing to the development of public policies aimed at this population.
Resposta imune humoral em ovinos de diferentes raças e Haplótipos da β-globina infectados com Haemonchus contortus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Campos, Emanuelle Martins de; Fuentes, Andrea Soares da Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2426157257540389; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-1136; Hiromi Okino, Cintia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6697089802470992; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3692-3902; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6261727819878736; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8406-9026
Haemonchus contortus infection is one of the main challenges in sheep farming. Altered susceptibility to this infection can be attributed to factors such as breed, age, physiological and/or nutritional state and genetic alterations. Santa Ines sheep are highly resistant, while White Dorper and Texel sheep are more susceptible. Among the intra-breed variations, there was a significant effect of the polymorphism of ovine β-globin on resistance to the parasite. The presence he βA allele, related to the compensatory increase in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen in response to parasitic anemia, is also associated with a more robust immune response and higher levels of plasma anti-H. contortus IgM. As a gastrointestinal nematode, H. contortus interacts directly with the mucosa of the digestive tract, making the local immune response essential in fighting infection. However, few studies have evaluated this response. The aim of this study was to develop and apply a method for quantifying the local humoral response (nasal and oral secretions) in comparison to the systemic response. The target antigen was the 24 kDa excretory-secretory protein (ES24) of H. contortus. White Dorper, Texel and Santa Inês lambs of different β-globin haplotypes were experimentally infected. Nasal and oral swabs and plasma samples were collected weekly (D0 to D28) to quantify anti-ES24 antibodies of the IgG, IgM and IgA isotypes. Higher immunoglobulin titers were detected in nasal secretions compared to oral secretions. Santa Ines lambs showed higher levels of all isotypes in the nasal mucosa compared to other breeds, with no significant differences in plasma and oral mucosa. In Santa Ines lambs, the β-globin polymorphism influenced the immune response.Hb_AA animals showed higher systemic titers of anti-ES24 IgM and higher globular volume values, while nasal IgA showed trends towards lower levels compared to Hb-AB and Hb-BB. These findings corroborate previous studies associating the IgM isotype with greater resistance to hemonchosis. The quantification of antibodies in the mucosa appears to be a promising tool for assessing infection and host protection, contributing to immunoprophylactic management strategies for hemonchosis.
Territorialidade da cultura caipira na Festa do Milho Verde em Capela do Alto- SP: dimensão simbólica e modernidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Oliveira, Andressa Maria de; Mariano, Neusa de Fátima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5003743301847104
This research investigated the territoriality of Capela do Alto and its changes due to modernization, focusing on municipal festivities, specifically the Green Corn Festival. The analysis is based on Cultural Geography, to understand the relationship between society and territory, with a focus on culture and its manifestations. The research used the methodology of participant research, together with bibliographical, documentary and oral history research. It sought to understand how caipira culture is related to the construction of the local symbolic dimension. The study aimed to contribute to knowledge about Capela do Alto, highlighting the identification of Capela do Alto with the traditional Festa do Milho Verde (Green Corn Festival).
Percepção de corrupção e legitimidade democrática na América Latina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-02-26) Almeida, Tailon Rodrigues; Casalecchi, Gabriel Avila; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9759794253878555; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1637-0180; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7257836742231052; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-6407
The main objective that guided the research in this thesis was to analyze the effect of the perception of corruption on the legitimacy of the democratic regime in Latin America. We sought to contribute to the political behavior literature by analyzing the relationship between corruption and democracy based on the multidimensional paradigm of legitimacy, whose important theoretical insight by Easton (1975) gave rise to significant advances in democratic theory. In this sense, we adopt the concept of legitimacy based on the theoretical and analytical sophistication proposed by Norris et al (1999) in relation to Easton's notion of a distinction between diffuse support and specific support, according to which the objects of support for the regime are structured in a relatively independent manner and at various levels. Although these objects of political support are correlated with each other, they vary independently and have different meanings for democratic stability, which helps us to understand the corrosive extent of corruption as perceived by citizens. We analyzed whether the increase in the perception of corruption is related to possible risks that compromise the survival of democracy, trust in its institutions, or the reputation of the governments. In this respect, the research covered 19 Latin American countries, considering the indicators of perceived corruption as the independent variables of interest and the dimensions of political support as the set of dependent variables. An important innovation in this debate is the distinction between the perception of corruption towards public officials (PCFP) and the perception of corruption towards politicians (PCP). Based on this distinction, made possible by the inclusion of questions about politicians and civil servants in the Americas Barometer, we identified substantially different associations between the two types of perceived corruption and support for the regime, with the PCP having the greatest corrosive effect. We then included contextual variables in the models in order to analyze the interactive effect of context. We pay special attention to the intervening role of the “democratic legacy” (LegDem), as theoretically formulated by Casalecchi (2018). There are important theoretical reasons to suppose that the democratic legacy plays a mediating role in the effect of perceived corruption on democracy, given the evidence between increased legacy and strengthened support for the diffuse dimension of democracy. Our results indicate that the effect, however, is different from what was expected, as the models show that citizens in countries with a greater legacy were less likely to support the regime when they perceived greater levels of corruption, especially political corruption. In addition to democratic legacy, we mobilized other contextual variables to test the interaction between perceiving corruption and supporting democracy, namely: quality of democracy, GDP per capita and economic growth. Our database included the Americas Barometer database, Latinobarometer, the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) project and the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), from which we extracted the main economic indicators.