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Desenvolvimento e caracterização de organogéis com diferentes óleos e ceras vegetais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-05)
Amaral, Júlia Ketchkech
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Silva, Thaís Jordânia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4582114700719319
Consumers are increasingly concerned about eating healthier foods. As a result, health authorities have encouraged the development of strategies aimed at creating healthier alternatives, including the elimination of trans fats and the reduction of saturated fatty acids. In this context, organogel technology has emerged as an alternative, offering benefits beyond nutritional aspects, such as being a simpler and more cost-effective process. The objective of this project was to develop organogels using different vegetable oils, based on their degree of saturation, and to evaluate the combination of two vegetable waxes (candelilla and beeswax) in different proportions. A total of twenty-one organogels were formulated with varying ratios of beeswax to candelilla wax (0:6, 1:5, 2:4, 3:3, 4:2, 5:1, and 6:0 % (w/w)) using soybean, canola, and sunflower oils. The organogels were evaluated for texture, adhesiveness, rheological properties, thermal stability, and oil-binding capacity. The results showed that the addition of candelilla wax increased the firmness and stability of the organogels, especially when combined with beeswax. The organogels exhibited high oil-binding capacity and variable stability depending on the combination of vegetable oil and wax used, with the best stability observed in gels made with sunflower oil and a mixture of beeswax and candelilla wax. Oils with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids, such as sunflower oil, showed better performance in terms of mechanical resistance, firmness, and stability. Rheological analyses showed that the Herschel-Bulkley model fit the data well, indicating that the organogels exhibited pseudoplastic behavior with yield stress. Among the formulations tested, those with a 4:2 ratio of beeswax to candelilla wax showed the highest stability and, therefore, greater potential for food applications. Thus, the results confirm that organogels are viable alternatives to conventional fats and have potential for industrial application.
Influência da estrutura da paisagem na diversidade de espécies em comunidades de morcegos na Mata Atlântica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-05)
Almeida, Vinícius Theotônio Baptista de
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Rocha, Vlamir José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8044368595391973
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Lopes, Luciano Elsinor
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6504793265492545
Bats provide important ecosystem services, such as seed dispersal, pollination, and pest control. However, the composition and diversity of bat communities can be influenced by landscape changes. In this study, we evaluated how different landscape metrics relate to bat data collected in 18 distinct Atlantic Forest landscapes within the Cantareira–Mantiqueira Corridor in southeastern Brazil. A 2-km buffer was applied around each sampling site to calculate metrics including percentage of native vegetation cover, total edge length, patch area, and landscape heterogeneity. For bats, we computed Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Chao-1, observed richness, and abundance. Statistical analyses were performed using Generalized Linear Models (GLMs), and spatial autocorrelation was assessed using Moran’s I index. Functional groups were established based on dietary preferences and body size to facilitate the identification of potential patterns of response among ecologically similar species. In addition to analyses at the community and functional group levels, we also explored relationships between the most abundant species (N > 20) and landscape metrics. Sampling effort totaled 17.280 m²h (mist-net hours), collecting 501 individuals from 26 species, of which 80.6% were frugivorous, 10.3% insectivorous, 5.2% hematophagous, 3.2% nectarivorous, and 0.6% omnivorous. Abundance per site ranged from 2 to 65 individuals, and species richness from 2 to 11 species. GLMs did not reveal statistically significant relationships between landscape metrics and either community or functional group attributes. However, Sturnira lilium showed a significant positive relationship with native vegetation cover (p = 0.0141), with higher abundances observed in landscapes containing 10–35% native vegetation. This pattern may reflect greater food availability, as pioneer species from the Solanaceae family, preferred dietary items for S. lilium, are often more abundant in disturbed landscapes. These findings highlight the species' potential role in seed dispersal and ecological restoration in anthropogenically altered areas.
Influência de parâmetros geométricos na avaliação dos mecanismos resistentes de juntas com chave de cisalhamento em ligações viga-pilar: uma abordagem numérica pelo método dos elementos finitos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-05)
Andrade, Maykon Vinicius
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Christoforo, André Luis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7623383075429186
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4066-080X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2283033563977422
In this work, models of beam-column structures were used to examine the behavior of their connections, using a shear-key connection. This connection is commonly used in Brazil in constructions carried out with precast concrete structures. The hypothesis is that with the addition of a grout of concrete welding the beam-column interface with roughness (shear key), the console would be less overloaded and the key would support a part of the load, relieving the console of 100% of the beam load. No numerical studies of this type of connection with steel plates were found, which is why this work is so relevant. For the numerical simulations, the finite element method and the software ABAQUS were used, and ultimately, it was desired, in the end, to determine whether the geometry of the notch of the shear key influences the stress resisted by the corbel and which variable has the greatest influence. The study consisted of 35 simulations, 28 of which involved changes in the beam length and key geometry, and 7 simulations without the key, altering only the beam length for later comparison. Through the numerical simulations, the efficiency of the shear key was verified when compared to the model without the key. It was concluded that the geometry of the key notch, as well as the beam-to-column spacing, are not as significant for resistance, and what truly influences the results is the length of the beam. Finally, the shear key that performed best was the key in the 3.80m long beam, which achieved a relief effect of 58.82% when compared to the model without the key.
Indagação interdisciplinar no pátio da escola (IIPE) e educação midiática aplicadas à educação ambiental na educação básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-05)
Pereira, Gabriele
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Carvalho, Pedro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0019513394358070
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Lopes, Luciano Elsinor
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6504793265492545
Environmental education in basic education faces challenges related to students' lack of interest and the alarmist approach to environmental issues. To make teaching more engaging and meaningful, this research evaluated the application of Interdisciplinary Inquiry in the Schoolyard (IIPE) combined with Media Education in a public school in São Carlos/SP, Brazil. The methodology adopted was action research, with workshops involving schoolyard observation, question formulation, data collection, and the production of audiovisual materials by students. The activities aimed to stimulate curiosity, interaction with the environment, and the use of digital media. The results indicated that IIPE promotes more active and participatory learning, expanding students' perception of nature in their surroundings. However, challenges such as immaturity in the use of technology and the traditional school structure limited students' autonomy. Media Education proved promising but requires guidance to be effectively integrated into the pedagogical process. The research concludes that the combination of these methodologies can make environmental education more accessible and dynamic, provided that teachers receive adequate support and that the approach is adapted to students' needs.
A critical review of MIP models for lot-sizing and scheduling in the beverage industry
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-05)
Noble Ramos, Victor Mario
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Ferreira, Deisemara
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Alem Junior, Douglas José
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9414682020715601
This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of studies that have formulated mixed-integer programming models to address lot-sizing and scheduling problems in the beverage industry. For the first time, we highlight the distinguishing characteristics and challenges of beverage production and scheduling, such as the existence of two production stages, the need for synchronization between stages, and perishability issues associated with the liquids in production tanks—issues that have previously been overlooked by specialized literature. Given the absence of a classification scheme to systematize these characteristics, we introduce a novel and extensive set of classification criteria for lot-sizing and scheduling models tailored to the beverage sector. Our review provides an up-to-date summary of over 50 mixed-integer programming models and their real-world applications in the production of soft drinks, fruit-based beverages, beer, and yogurts. We also identify gaps in the literature and suggest promising directions for future research, underscoring the importance of addressing machine maintenance and data uncertainty, as well as the potential contributions of Machine Learning & Industry 4.0 and 5.0 to enhancing lot-sizing and scheduling within the beverage industry.
Concrete masonry structures: numerical modeling, seismic performance, and building applications
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-06)
Palhares, Rodolfo de Azevedo
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Graham Shrive, Nigel
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Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5939-2032
Partially grouted reinforced masonry (PGRM) structures are widely used worldwide, especially in regions with low to moderate seismicity, due to their economic and structural advantages. The nonlinear behavior of PGRM walls is complex, as it is influenced by the interaction between grouted/reinforced and ungrouted regions, which differ in stiffness and introduce non-uniformity in the cross-section. Additionally, factors such as aspect ratio, cross-sectional area, material properties, reinforcement detailing, and axial load significantly influence the nonlinear response. At the building level, further complexities arise from layout configurations, horizontal diaphragm interactions (slabs), and axial load distributions, making it insufficient to rely solely on isolated wall responses to predict overall performance. This thesis addresses these complexities by developing numerical modeling approaches to simulate multi-storey PGRM walls, with the aim of evaluating the seismic performance of building systems and propose practical design recommendations. The research comprises four independent but interconnected studies, each presented as a separate chapter in this thesis. In the first study, a simplified macro-modeling approach is evaluated to simulate the nonlinear in-plane behavior of PGRM walls with vertical reinforcement concentrated at the pier ends. The model, validated based on experimental data from four walls tested by the author’s research group, accurately predicted global behavior, including force-displacement responses and damage mechanisms, while presenting low computational costs. However, further refinement and validation are needed to address additional detailing scenarios, such as cases where vertical reinforcement and grouted regions are not continuous across stories or where reinforcement and grout are distributed non-uniformly along the wall length. In the second study, a unified finite element-based modeling strategy is introduced that combines macro-modeling for grouted regions and simplified micro-modeling for ungrouted regions. This approach facilitates the accurate simulation of various masonry wall typologies, including unreinforced masonry (URM), fully grouted reinforced masonry (FGRM), and PGRM. The numerical model effectively captured the nonlinear response across different experimental cases, and sensitivity analyses identified key parameters that influence numerical accuracy. This study provides valuable insights for future applications in the simulation of in-plane loaded masonry structures. The third study extends the unified modeling approach to investigate the seismic behavior of multi-storey PGRM walls within three-dimensional structural systems. Nonlinear static (pushover) analysis results revealed the significant impact of orthogonal walls (flanges), aspect ratios, axial load levels, and vertical reinforcement arrangements. Flanges have been shown to increase lateral stiffness and force capacity, higher axial loads enhance force capacity but reduce ductility, and a greater number of stories decreases stiffness and increases ultimate displacement. The vertical reinforcement concentrated at the wall ends exhibited an efficiency comparable to uniformly distributed reinforcement, demonstrating it as a suitable alternative. In the fourth study, the seismic performance of two real-world reinforced masonry buildings representative of Canadian (B1) and Brazilian (B2) practices is examined. Using a multi-step methodology that integrates eigenvalue analyses and pushover simulations, the study highlighted the critical role of structural layout in the seismic performance of buildings. Balanced wall distribution and flange contributions significantly improved performance. Notably, building B2, despite lacking explicit seismic design provisions and detailing, outperformed B1 under higher seismic demands, underlining the importance of optimized structural layouts in enhancing seismic performance. Overall, this thesis establishes a comprehensive framework for evaluating and improving the seismic performance of concrete masonry buildings. The proposed modeling approaches, validated based on experimental data, provide support for analyzing masonry systems and informing potential updates to seismic design standards. The findings emphasize the importance of regional adaptations in building design and structural layout optimization to achieve better seismic performance.
Entre fases: práticas informacionais durante a menopausa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-06)
Andrikonis, Juliana Buzinaro
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Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2344-4400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2121898429151597
The presented dissertation focuses on investigating the information practices of women experiencing at least one perimenopausal stages, a process that approximately 18% of the Brazilian population has gone through or will go through, and which is an expected experience for all cisgender women. Despite its recurrence, the perimenopause is still surrounded by insecurities and uncertainties, especially regarding the management of symptoms that affect quality of life, such as hot flashes, insomnia, and emotional changes, as well as controversies surrounding hormone replacement therapy. The scarcity of accessible information and the persistence of taboos on the subject exacerbate these challenges, making it difficult for women to access resources that could help them better navigate this phase. In this context, this research aims to identify the informational practices of these women, contributing to an interdisciplinary understanding between Information Science and the Health field. To support the study, we rely on four theories from Information Science: Brenda Dervin’s Sense-Making approach, which explores how individuals construct meaning in situations of uncertainty; Reijo Savolainen’s Everyday Life Information Seeking model, which focuses on how people seek information in their daily lives; Elfreda Chatman’s Small World concept, which analyzes how groups of individuals share information in specific environments; and finally, Pamela McKenzie’s informational practices approach, which examines how people interact with information in their social context. The research adopts a descriptive, exploratory, and cross-sectional approach, with qualitative data collection through the survey method, using a questionnaire. In addition to primary data collection, bibliographic materials were used, obtained from guidance recommendations, references from foundational works, and searches in scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science, using search expressions specifically developed for this study. The results are based on 208 valid responses, with most participants located in the state of São Paulo, identifying as white, and holding postgraduate degrees. Although the majority of respondents belong to a socially privileged group, we also obtained responses from women with different socioeconomic backgrounds, enriching the findings. These results suggest that many women indeed experience doubts, difficulties in accessing evidence-based health information, and insecurities during the perimenopausal phase. Among them, most seek guidance from healthcare professionals to address these concerns. However, some respondents expressed frustration with the lack of adequate attention and the inability of healthcare professionals to provide proper guidance. Another significant finding is that women frequently turn to other women for information about menopause, whether through virtual groups, friends, or family members. This study leads us to conclude that the healthcare field could greatly benefit from integrating information services through the lens of Information Science. This approach would provide more adequate support for individuals in various health situations, especially for those experiencing some degree of social vulnerability.
Análise comparativa de métodos de detecção automática de mensagens ofensivas em textos curtos e ruidosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-06)
Maricondi, Thiago Nacrur
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Vincenzi, Auri Marcelo Rizzo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0611351138131709
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5902-1672
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1237234894241914
With the increasing use of social media and the ease of access to digital content—especially among children and adolescents—there has been a significant rise in cases of cyberbullying and online harassment in recent years. In response, several content moderation tools have been developed, such as comment filters, reporting systems, and user profiles dedicated to moderation. However, due to the vast amount of information constantly generated on social media platforms, manual moderation has become impractical, highlighting the importance of automated moderation in reducing the incidence of digital crimes. This work addresses the automatic identification of aggressive behavior in offensive messages found in short and noisy texts using machine learning and deep learning algorithms. A public dataset extracted from platform X was used, containing 20,001 sentences labeled as aggressive 39.1% or non-aggressive 60.9%. Supervised learning models were trained using stratified cross-validation, employing text preprocessing techniques and various algorithms, including BERT, FastText, and ensemble methods, with the goal of assessing the effectiveness of these approaches in the automatic detection of textual aggressiveness. The results showed that the BERT and FastText models achieved excellent recall scores, reaching 96.5% and 95.8%, respectively, significantly outperforming the baseline model in detecting offensive messages.
Integrating landscape analysis and multicriteria decision-making to prioritize forest restoration areas in human-modified landscapes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-08)
Morales, Milton Vinícius
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Valente, Roberta Averna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1582627535733911
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7273-7042
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3489124504372716
This study proposes an integrated approach combining the analysis of the landscape's eco-logical, anthropical, and biophysical components with multicriteria decision-making meth-ods to prioritize forest restoration areas in human-modified landscapes. The research begins with a systematic literature review (Chapter I) that identifies and categorizes the primary spatial criteria employed in decision-making processes for restoration, highlighting method-ological gaps and the need for standardization in selecting and applying these criteria. Sub-sequently, a spatiotemporal analysis of the Sarapuí River Basin (Chapter II) reveals land-use dynamics and the phenomenon of forest cover rejuvenation, allowing for identifying areas with the potential to trigger successional processes and enhance ecological connectivity. Next, mapping the human footprint (Chapter III) integrates environmental and socioeconom-ic aspects, providing an accurate diagnosis of anthropogenic pressures on the landscape. Fi-nally, the proposed decision framework (Chapter IV) consolidates the previous results by establishing a robust and replicable multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) method for pri-oritizing restoration areas, with potential applications in public policies and Payment for Environmental Services initiatives. The findings demonstrate that the convergence of spatial data, environmental dynamics, and structured decision processes can optimize the allocation of investments and efforts for the effective ecological restoration of degraded environments, ultimately contributing to biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation, and sustain-able development.
Potencial biotecnológico da comunidade bacteriana endofítica associada a Paspalum vaginatum Swartz na promoção de crescimento vegetal, biocontrole e solubilização de fósforo de rochas fosfatadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-09)
Fernandes, Ana Carolina Vasconcelos
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Favero, Alessandra Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4329892306148506
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9461-1539
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Lacava, Paulo Teixeira
Paspalum species are important constituents of native pastures in tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas. Paspalum vaginatum is a native grass to coastal areas in Brazil and is widely used on golf courses in the United States due to its robustness and tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought, waterlogging, and salinity. Endophytic bacteria present within plant tissues can stimulate their growth and act in the biological control of phytopathogenic organisms. The present study aimed to evaluate the endophytic microbial diversity isolated from Paspalum vaginatum and determine their ability to promote plant growth, in addition to investigating the biotechnological potential of these microorganisms for in vitro phytopathogenic biological control in the laboratory and for the solubilization of different phosphorus sources in vitro and in plant. The 16S rDNA gene of 70 endophytic bacteria isolated from Paspalum vaginatum was sequenced for taxonomic identification purposes. Tests were performed to evaluate antagonism against Colletotrichum sp. and the solubilization capacity of different phosphorus sources such as Rochas Araxá and Bayovar, calcium phosphate and triple superphosphate in vitro. In addition, greenhouse experiments were conducted to study the growth stimulation of the species Paspalum vaginatum and Paspalum maritimum and a phosphorus solubilizing experiment on Paspalum maritimum. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of 17 bacterial genera, with emphasis on Bacillus (34.3%), followed by Agrobacterium and Micrococcus (10% each). The seven bacterial isolates tested were able to solubilize the four different phosphorus sources, with emphasis on Bac 160, Bac 161 and Bac 179. Regarding the antagonistic activity against Colletotrichum sp., it was identified that 13 isolates demonstrated antagonistic activity to the fungus Colletotrichum sp. and presented inhibition index ranging from 12.9% to 43.1%. In the plant growth promotion experiment on Paspalum vaginatum shoot dry weight, plant height and number of basal tillers, the commercial inoculants BiomaPhos® and Biopasto® presented inferior results when compared to the other available treatments. Furthermore, Biopasto® presented inferior results when compared to the other available treatments in relation to the number of aerial tillers in Paspalum vaginatum. In Paspalum maritimum, two varieties of Pantoea sp. contributed to a significant increase in root dry weight compared to the control group, and Biopasto® presented inferior results when compared to the other available treatments for shoot and root dry weight. The collected data point to the biotechnological potential of the endophytic bacterial strains identified in Paspalum vaginatum, indicating possible promising applications in sustainable agriculture both to stimulate plant growth and in the biological control of phytopathogenic organisms. The in plant phosphorus solubilization experiment using Paspalum maritimum was conducted with the isolates Bac 160, Bac 161, and Bac 179. Bac 161 showed favorable results for its use with insoluble phosphorus sources, such as Bayovar phosphate rock, both for shoot and root dry matter. Meanwhile, Bac 160 showed favorable results for use in combination with a soluble phosphorus source in order to enhance its effect.
Danos de instalação em geogrelhas de poliéster em agregado natural e fresado de revestimento asfáltico (RAP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-09)
Névoa, Fernando Affonso
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Correia, Natália de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2172645507238077
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6867-9596
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8852428101648227
Geogrids are frequently used as reinforcement elements in infrastructure projects and geotechnical structures, providing increased load-bearing capacity and reduced deformations. However, the reinforcement function of geogrids can be compromised by damage occurring during the field installation process. To ensure that the design strength of the reinforcement aligns with actual service conditions, these damages are accounted for in engineering designs through installation damage reduction factors (FRDI), which vary depending on the characteristics of the material comprising the backfill layer. However, there is a gap in understanding the reduction factors for geogrids when used with alternative materials, such as construction and demolition waste (RCD) or recycled asphalt pavement (RAP). In this context, this study aims to assess the mechanical damage caused by the installation of geogrids in compacted RAP aggregate layers, comparing them to conventional aggregates (sand) and analyzing the influence of the physical characteristics of RAP on the micro and macro damage observed in the reinforcement. To achieve this, experimental tests were conducted following the ASTM D5818-22 standard. The results indicate a significant loss of strength in the geogrids used with RAP, with installation damage reduction factors (FRDI) ranging from 1.36 to 1.59. Despite the coarser granulometry of RAP compared to sand, the FRDI values were not substantially higher. This suggests that the presence of the asphalt binder may have mitigated the impact of mechanical damage, reducing the severity of stress on the geogrids. The results obtained in this study highlight the importance of considering specific reduction factors for alternative backfill materials and reveal the significance of ensuring adequate quality of the polymeric coating on geogrids.
Propriedades mecânicas de argamassas geopoliméricas com a incorporação de pó de vidro e fibra metálica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-09)
Vasconcelos, Arthur de Sousa Lima
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Ferreira, Fernanda Giannotti da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329487394818763
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2197-9081
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3144392961222299
The growing need for alternatives to Portland cement is driving the development of sustainable composites. This study evaluated geopolymer mortars based on metakaolin, incorporating glass powder waste, added alumina and reinforced with straight metal fibers, with the aim of investigating the technical feasibility and use of solid waste. Formulations were developed with a partial substitution of 20% of the metakaolin with glass powder and added alumina, and metal fiber contents of 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% by volume. The experimental program included tests of consistency index in the fresh state and in the hardened state, axial compressive strength, flexural tensile strength, diametrical compressive strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity, mass density and double punching tensile strength. Microstructural characterizations were carried out using XRD, FTIR and SEM. The results showed that the addition of 2.0% metal fibers promoted a significant increase in flexural tensile strength of 176.69% (15.43 MPa) and axial compressive strength of 46.82% (66.21 MPa). However, the formulation with 1.5% fibers exhibited the best overall performance in terms of mechanical properties, as well as providing increased toughness and improved post-cracking behavior, reducing the initial fragility of the mortars, without compromising the consistency index in the fresh state in relation to the reference. Microstructural characterization showed the consolidation of hydrated sodium aluminosilicate (N-A-S-H) gels with a well-defined structure in the reference composition. The partial incorporation of glass powder and alumina resulted in an increase in the amorphous phase, as shown by Rietveld analysis, indicating changes in the structure of the geopolymer matrix, which was reflected in a reduction in mechanical properties. Nevertheless, the formulations containing glass powder showed adequate performance for structural applications, corroborating the technical viability of using industrial by-products in geopolymer systems as a sustainable alternative for the construction sector.
Pegada hídrica e eficiência no uso da água: um estudo comparativo do cultivo da cana-de-açúcar em diferentes municípios no noroeste paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-09)
Silva, Alonso
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Moschini, Luiz Eduardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2728357583462262
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2455541604860503
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Moschini, Luiz
This study analyzes the water footprint of sugarcane cultivation through a comparative assessment between the municipalities of Jales and Ituverava, both located in the northwest region of São Paulo, Brazil. The research aims to understand how edaphoclimatic characteristics and land use history influence the water demand of sugarcane crops, proposing measures to increase the crop's climate resilience. The methodology for measuring the water footprint was based on the CROPWAT 8.0 software, using climate data from the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) and productivity data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The selected municipalities present relevant contrasts in terms of soil type (Latosol and Argisol) and agricultural land use history, enabling the evaluation of these factors' influence on the water footprint of sugarcane cultivation. The results indicate that despite higher rainfall and better water storage capacity in Ituverava’s soil, the municipality exhibits a higher water footprint than Jales, requiring more water per ton of sugarcane produced. Additionally, the study demonstrates that climate change directly impacts crop productivity and water use efficiency, reinforcing the need for adaptation strategies in the agricultural sector. It also highlights the importance of incorporating water sustainability criteria into agricultural planning and agro environmental zoning, especially in regions vulnerable to climate change effects.
Biomarcadores bioquímicos em anuros expostos ao glifosato: uma revisão sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-09)
Vicente, Mariana Canutti Mariano
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Salla, Raquel Fernanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1738422158151824
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3275-0001
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Carvalho, Cleoni dos Santos
Glyphosate, one of the most widely used herbicides in the world, is capable of generating lethal and sublethal effects on several types of organisms, especially in anurans that, during their development, move between the aquatic and terrestrial environments. Amphibians are organisms vulnerable to extinction due to deforestation and habitat loss, diseases, climate change, and high sensitivity to xenobiotics found in the environment, such as pesticides, for example. Therefore, it is essential to understand the development of studies in the area of herbicides and gaps that have not yet been filled. In this review, four databases were used to search for articles that dealt with biochemical biomarkers in anurans exposed to glyphosate. Twenty-five articles published between 2007 and 2023 were found, distributed in six countries, with the largest number being Brazil and Argentina, which is due to the large community of study groups in ecotoxicology, as well as the high consumption of glyphosate. Although the search consisted of amphibians, only studies with anurans were found, whose most used species were Rhinella arenarum, Aquarana catesbeiana and Xenopus laevis. In addition, 48% of the studies used enzymatic pathways to evaluate oxidative stress and neurotoxicity, followed by analyses in the liver (24%) and metabolism (16%). Regarding the life stage of the anurans evaluated, 92% of the studies used tadpoles and only 8% investigated adults. All studies reported oxidative stress and enzymatic alterations related to the exposure of amphibians to glyphosate alone or in mixture with other pesticides, demonstrating its capacity to compromise fundamental processes ranging from birth to reproduction of these individuals. However, the number of studies is still insufficient, as it is necessary to find an economically and environmentally effective solution to the unbridled use of glyphosate. Therefore, this review demonstrates the need to carry out further studies related to biochemical biomarkers and effects of glyphosate in amphibians.
Redes de comunicação: metodologias coletivistas para o planejamento da transição agroecológica, com comunidades camponesas em Nariño, Colômbia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-12)
Méndez, Daniel Ricardo González
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Fontanetti, Anastácia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3598362104615834
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4863-7834
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Duval, Henrique Carmona
In the face of evident inequality and socio-ecological annihilation in the Global South, stemming from the economic powers that drive the capitalist, imperialist, patriarchal, supremacist, and extractivist systems with direct impacts on rural areas, this research was born. It brings the territorial planning of peasant communities in Colombia to the discussion and practice. From an agroecological perspective, the goal was to establish social communication networks between the peasant communities of La Tulpa and Nodo de Agroecología de Tango and extension technicians. This would enable dialogue and the collective development of strategies for planning and implementing proposals that promote emancipatory agroecology. These proposals aim to foster community autonomy in their territories and ecosocial relationships with other stakeholders and nature, focusing on integral well-being. The researchers applied a co-created methodology based on developing concrete projects through various activities, using social techniques and technologies for reflection and constructing plans to strengthen the agroecological transition of these communities. This approach was linked to an analysis of the departmental public policy on agroecology.
O conceito de desejo na obra inaugural de Sigmund Freud
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-12)
Zanchi, João Lucas
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Busacchi, Vinicio
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Soria, Ana Carolina Soliva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2903416522364971
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8765485554681541
This work seeks to explore the meaning of 'desire' in Sigmund Freud's inaugural writings, namely, the set of works written up to the publication of Die Traumdeutung ([1899]1900). To this end, a historical-conceptual analysis is conducted of the main texts in which this concept appears in a significant way. The analysis considers not only the internal relations it establishes within Freudian theory, but also the historical context in which these conceptual constructions take shape. It is concluded that 'desire' is a concept of major importance for the constitution of the logic of psychoanalytic practice; however, its meaning is not unequivocal. Rather, it emerges as a problematic notion that reflects the epistemic tensions within Freud's work. Keywords: desire; Wunsch; Freud; psychoanalysis.
Comercialização do café produzido pelas cooperativas da população em processo de reincorporação socioeconômica em Bogotá, Colômbia: uma abordagem territorial, comunitária e colaborativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-12)
Aljure, Juan Luis Camacho
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Santos, Leandro de Lima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2750978055015275
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8050084880171754
After the signing of the 2016 Peace Agreement between the Colombian government and the former guerrilla group Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP), the process of Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) began, involving more than 10,000 men and women. Following the disarmament and demobilization phases, former combatants opted for a model of collective socioeconomic reintegration, organizing themselves into productive cooperatives as a strategy to ensure economic autonomy and sustainability in their new stage of life. Colombian coffee, globally recognized for its quality and cultural value, became one of the main productive pillars of these cooperatives. The choice of coffee was not only an economic decision but also a way to connect former combatants with networks of fair trade, solidarity economy, and rural development, integrating them into sustainable value chains. This study observed and discussed the dynamics of coffee commercialization produced by the population undergoing socioeconomic reintegration in the city of Bogotá, through territorial, community-based, and collaborative approaches. Although the findings revealed the complexity of the reintegration process for former combatants, they also demonstrated that the work of the cooperatives has had positive impacts both on income generation and on the members’ self-esteem. Additionally, the study aimed to contribute to the monitoring of the Peace Agreement’s implementation, offering input for the debate on reintegration policies, rural development, and social justice, while also helping to strengthen the promotion of a culture of reconciliation, peace, and prosperity in the country.
Agências de classificação de risco e a dinâmica dos campos: trajetórias, capitais e a dominação financeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-13)
Nascimento, Romário Rocha do
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Sacomano Neto, Mário
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0000793038362058
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-1700
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6326797181003964
Credit Rating Agencies [CRAs] are influential and powerful institutions in the international financial market able of impacting the economies of companies and sovereign states. Over the years, they have acquired financial, cultural, political, and economic resources, which have granted them a significant level of influence within the dominant core of the financial market—comprised of the State, banks, and global governance institutions. From this perspective, the objective of this thesis is to analyze how CRAs structure an influential position within the dominant core of the financial market. To achieve this goal, we have divided the research into three studies, each grounded in and structured by distinct objectives, propositions, and methods. The first paper employs the theory of fields to understand the inter-field relationship between the State and CRAs. Through historical documentary research, we analyze some of the key regulatory milestones and events involving CRAs in the financial market. The study highlights how the State engaged various other market fields to promote the legitimacy of CRAs’ performative work. The second paper examines the trajectory and capital accumulation by actors in the field of Agencies Moody’s and S&P— the two largest CRAs in the market. Using prosopography data analysis and Multiple Correspondence Analysis [MCA] the study identifies and assesses six forms of capital held by CRAs: commercial, social-organizational, economic-financial, technological, cultural, and symbolic. The study reveals through perceptual maps that the trajectory and capital accumulation by the actors defined the influential position of CRAs in the dominant core of the financial market, particularly through commercial, technological, and symbolic capital. The third article examines the role of financial innovation as a fundamental mechanism for restructuring the order and stability of the CRAs field. Based on a historical analysis of secondary data, a narrative of crisis recovery was constructed, emphasizing the role of financial innovations and how they function as containment mechanisms used by actors to reorganize the field’s order. We believe the three studies support the central thesis question. Furthermore, the thesis upholds a theoretical premise by offering, as an alternative, the relational analysis between economic sociology and market approaches to relativize a current critique concerning complex empirical problems and the lack of dialogue between disciplines. Thus, we discuss the complementarity between theory of fields and other approaches, such as performativity, market devices, and financial innovation. In this way, the research opposes a simplified view of markets and considers them as complex, intertwined entities, simultaneously connected to social relations and broader historical-cultural contexts.
Análise espaço-temporal dos municípios brasileiros: aplicações de aprendizado de máquina na integração de dados territoriais e populacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-13)
Carvalho, Gabriel Gomes de
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Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5489-7306
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Valencio, Norma Felicidade Lopes da Silva
This study sought to explore the territorial, demographic, and environmental dynamics of Brazilian municipalities through an integrated data approach based on machine learning. The research is justified by the need to understand how different municipal characteristics relate to each other and evolve over time, considering aspects such as changes in territorial configuration, land use and land cover patterns, and demographic transformations. The methodology adopted involves the collection and processing of data from official databases, such as IBGE and MapBiomas, allowing the construction of a structured dataset suitable for the application of statistical and artificial intelligence techniques. The first step consists of defining the municipality as the unit of analysis, considering its institutionalization and evolution over time. A special focus is given to the period from 2003 to 2023, when there was a stabilization in the emancipatory processes. In addition, regional differences in municipal formation are analyzed, highlighting how each Brazilian macro-region presents distinct patterns of creation and expansion of municipalities. Next, the territorial characteristics of the municipalities were investigated, covering aspects such as territorial extension, spatial variations, and environmental factors that influence their configuration. From this, statistical inferences were drawn to assess significant differences between municipalities, using methods such as ANOVA to understand variations between regional groups. The research advances with the application of supervised and unsupervised machine learning techniques. Finally, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques were used to interpret the generated models and understand the importance of each variable in municipal behavior. The identification that the formation of clusters of municipalities, based on territorial, population, and environmental characteristics, correspond more to the natural biomes of Brazil than to the traditional divisions by state or region. Thus, municipalities with similar environmental and land use characteristics, even if belonging to different states, were grouped into highly homogeneous clusters, demonstrating the strength of data-based and machine learning approaches for identifying spatial patterns that escape political-administrative divisions. Thus, the dissertation proposes a new look at municipal organization in Brazil, combining different data sources and methodologies to deepen the understanding of the transformations that have occurred in the national territory.
A natureza das ações educativas desenvolvidas por bibliotecárias(os) da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica (RFEPCT)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-13)
Souza, Ágata Nelza Gomes de
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Sant’Ana, Izabella Mendes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7860235863062183
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9381-350X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2211426713865503
This study investigates how librarians from the libraries of the Federal Network of Professional Scientific and Technological Education (RFEPCT) and graduates of the professional master’s degree program in Professional and Technological Education (ProfEPT) understand the nature of the educational actions they develop. This is an ontological study that investigates the nature of the entity itself aiming to understand it as a being and the links between its constituent elements. Specifically, we aim to characterize the subjects taking part in the research and their working context; to learn if/how initial training (librarianship) and continuing training(s) contributed to developing the educational actions in question; to identify the typologies and to specify the definitions given to educational actions; to characterize, through the perezhivaniya reported, the constitutive elements of the nature of the educational actions highlighted by the participating subjects; and to identify if/how they understand the presence/relevance of technology in the development of educational actions. We conducted systematic mapping (MS) to identify the content related to the subject and found that most studies on the subject refer to the area of librarianship, with little interlocution with education. This justification for this research is added to others of a social and personal nature. Data collection and analysis are based on the theoretical-methodological framework of Lev Semionovich Vygotsky’s (1896-1934) cultural-historical theory, the category of perezhivanie, as a unit of analysis and analytical reference for part of the data analyzed, mediation as an explanatory principle, and the dialectical approach. The research design is structured based on a quantitative↔qualitative approach by applying a mixed online questionnaire (31 participants, distributed across the five Brazilian regions) and a semi-structured reflective interview (six participants). The results obtained through the questionnaire showed that the group is mostly made up of women who have been working in the RFEPCT for around a decade. We also point out that continuing training, specifically the ProfEPT, is seen as more relevant than initial training in librarianship in terms of contributing to the development of educational actions. In addition, we identified 33 different types of educational actions developed by these subjects, including the development of book clubs/reading clubs, training, workshops, classes, and courses. There is also a marked multidimensionality of definitions attributed to educational actions, which were grouped into six types with clear interrelationships between them. Concerning the interviews, based on the analytical framework developed to analyze the perezhivaniya, five essential elements of these educational actions were identified, namely: work from the perspective of totality, freedom, planning, information mediation, and cultural mediation (intersecting formative character). We also indicate that technological resources are present in the educational activities mentioned and are correlated to the shortage of library workers. Thus, the nature of the educational actions is shown from a systemic, dynamic relationship linked to the principles of professional and technological education (EPT), along with a teleological dimension that expresses a prior and conscious purpose of these professionals, in the face of the invisibility and lack of institutional recognition of their work. We concluded that the educational activities carried out by librarians at the RFEPCT reflect a movement aimed at overcoming the historical dichotomy between the areas of librarianship and education, contributing to the comprehensive training of individuals, following the principles of professional and technological education (EPT), through activities carried out in non-formal educational contexts.