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Now showing 1 - 20 of 2012

Concrete masonry structures: numerical modeling, seismic performance, and building applications
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-06)
Palhares, Rodolfo de Azevedo
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Graham Shrive, Nigel
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Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5939-2032
Partially grouted reinforced masonry (PGRM) structures are widely used worldwide, especially in regions with low to moderate seismicity, due to their economic and structural advantages. The nonlinear behavior of PGRM walls is complex, as it is influenced by the interaction between grouted/reinforced and ungrouted regions, which differ in stiffness and introduce non-uniformity in the cross-section. Additionally, factors such as aspect ratio, cross-sectional area, material properties, reinforcement detailing, and axial load significantly influence the nonlinear response. At the building level, further complexities arise from layout configurations, horizontal diaphragm interactions (slabs), and axial load distributions, making it insufficient to rely solely on isolated wall responses to predict overall performance. This thesis addresses these complexities by developing numerical modeling approaches to simulate multi-storey PGRM walls, with the aim of evaluating the seismic performance of building systems and propose practical design recommendations. The research comprises four independent but interconnected studies, each presented as a separate chapter in this thesis. In the first study, a simplified macro-modeling approach is evaluated to simulate the nonlinear in-plane behavior of PGRM walls with vertical reinforcement concentrated at the pier ends. The model, validated based on experimental data from four walls tested by the author’s research group, accurately predicted global behavior, including force-displacement responses and damage mechanisms, while presenting low computational costs. However, further refinement and validation are needed to address additional detailing scenarios, such as cases where vertical reinforcement and grouted regions are not continuous across stories or where reinforcement and grout are distributed non-uniformly along the wall length. In the second study, a unified finite element-based modeling strategy is introduced that combines macro-modeling for grouted regions and simplified micro-modeling for ungrouted regions. This approach facilitates the accurate simulation of various masonry wall typologies, including unreinforced masonry (URM), fully grouted reinforced masonry (FGRM), and PGRM. The numerical model effectively captured the nonlinear response across different experimental cases, and sensitivity analyses identified key parameters that influence numerical accuracy. This study provides valuable insights for future applications in the simulation of in-plane loaded masonry structures. The third study extends the unified modeling approach to investigate the seismic behavior of multi-storey PGRM walls within three-dimensional structural systems. Nonlinear static (pushover) analysis results revealed the significant impact of orthogonal walls (flanges), aspect ratios, axial load levels, and vertical reinforcement arrangements. Flanges have been shown to increase lateral stiffness and force capacity, higher axial loads enhance force capacity but reduce ductility, and a greater number of stories decreases stiffness and increases ultimate displacement. The vertical reinforcement concentrated at the wall ends exhibited an efficiency comparable to uniformly distributed reinforcement, demonstrating it as a suitable alternative. In the fourth study, the seismic performance of two real-world reinforced masonry buildings representative of Canadian (B1) and Brazilian (B2) practices is examined. Using a multi-step methodology that integrates eigenvalue analyses and pushover simulations, the study highlighted the critical role of structural layout in the seismic performance of buildings. Balanced wall distribution and flange contributions significantly improved performance. Notably, building B2, despite lacking explicit seismic design provisions and detailing, outperformed B1 under higher seismic demands, underlining the importance of optimized structural layouts in enhancing seismic performance. Overall, this thesis establishes a comprehensive framework for evaluating and improving the seismic performance of concrete masonry buildings. The proposed modeling approaches, validated based on experimental data, provide support for analyzing masonry systems and informing potential updates to seismic design standards. The findings emphasize the importance of regional adaptations in building design and structural layout optimization to achieve better seismic performance.
Entre fases: práticas informacionais durante a menopausa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-06)
Andrikonis, Juliana Buzinaro
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Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2344-4400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2121898429151597
The presented dissertation focuses on investigating the information practices of women experiencing at least one perimenopausal stages, a process that approximately 18% of the Brazilian population has gone through or will go through, and which is an expected experience for all cisgender women. Despite its recurrence, the perimenopause is still surrounded by insecurities and uncertainties, especially regarding the management of symptoms that affect quality of life, such as hot flashes, insomnia, and emotional changes, as well as controversies surrounding hormone replacement therapy. The scarcity of accessible information and the persistence of taboos on the subject exacerbate these challenges, making it difficult for women to access resources that could help them better navigate this phase. In this context, this research aims to identify the informational practices of these women, contributing to an interdisciplinary understanding between Information Science and the Health field. To support the study, we rely on four theories from Information Science: Brenda Dervin’s Sense-Making approach, which explores how individuals construct meaning in situations of uncertainty; Reijo Savolainen’s Everyday Life Information Seeking model, which focuses on how people seek information in their daily lives; Elfreda Chatman’s Small World concept, which analyzes how groups of individuals share information in specific environments; and finally, Pamela McKenzie’s informational practices approach, which examines how people interact with information in their social context. The research adopts a descriptive, exploratory, and cross-sectional approach, with qualitative data collection through the survey method, using a questionnaire. In addition to primary data collection, bibliographic materials were used, obtained from guidance recommendations, references from foundational works, and searches in scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science, using search expressions specifically developed for this study. The results are based on 208 valid responses, with most participants located in the state of São Paulo, identifying as white, and holding postgraduate degrees. Although the majority of respondents belong to a socially privileged group, we also obtained responses from women with different socioeconomic backgrounds, enriching the findings. These results suggest that many women indeed experience doubts, difficulties in accessing evidence-based health information, and insecurities during the perimenopausal phase. Among them, most seek guidance from healthcare professionals to address these concerns. However, some respondents expressed frustration with the lack of adequate attention and the inability of healthcare professionals to provide proper guidance. Another significant finding is that women frequently turn to other women for information about menopause, whether through virtual groups, friends, or family members. This study leads us to conclude that the healthcare field could greatly benefit from integrating information services through the lens of Information Science. This approach would provide more adequate support for individuals in various health situations, especially for those experiencing some degree of social vulnerability.
Análise comparativa de métodos de detecção automática de mensagens ofensivas em textos curtos e ruidosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-06)
Maricondi, Thiago Nacrur
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Vincenzi, Auri Marcelo Rizzo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0611351138131709
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5902-1672
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1237234894241914
With the increasing use of social media and the ease of access to digital content—especially among children and adolescents—there has been a significant rise in cases of cyberbullying and online harassment in recent years. In response, several content moderation tools have been developed, such as comment filters, reporting systems, and user profiles dedicated to moderation. However, due to the vast amount of information constantly generated on social media platforms, manual moderation has become impractical, highlighting the importance of automated moderation in reducing the incidence of digital crimes. This work addresses the automatic identification of aggressive behavior in offensive messages found in short and noisy texts using machine learning and deep learning algorithms. A public dataset extracted from platform X was used, containing 20,001 sentences labeled as aggressive 39.1% or non-aggressive 60.9%. Supervised learning models were trained using stratified cross-validation, employing text preprocessing techniques and various algorithms, including BERT, FastText, and ensemble methods, with the goal of assessing the effectiveness of these approaches in the automatic detection of textual aggressiveness. The results showed that the BERT and FastText models achieved excellent recall scores, reaching 96.5% and 95.8%, respectively, significantly outperforming the baseline model in detecting offensive messages.
Integrating landscape analysis and multicriteria decision-making to prioritize forest restoration areas in human-modified landscapes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-08)
Morales, Milton Vinícius
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Valente, Roberta Averna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1582627535733911
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7273-7042
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3489124504372716
This study proposes an integrated approach combining the analysis of the landscape's eco-logical, anthropical, and biophysical components with multicriteria decision-making meth-ods to prioritize forest restoration areas in human-modified landscapes. The research begins with a systematic literature review (Chapter I) that identifies and categorizes the primary spatial criteria employed in decision-making processes for restoration, highlighting method-ological gaps and the need for standardization in selecting and applying these criteria. Sub-sequently, a spatiotemporal analysis of the Sarapuí River Basin (Chapter II) reveals land-use dynamics and the phenomenon of forest cover rejuvenation, allowing for identifying areas with the potential to trigger successional processes and enhance ecological connectivity. Next, mapping the human footprint (Chapter III) integrates environmental and socioeconom-ic aspects, providing an accurate diagnosis of anthropogenic pressures on the landscape. Fi-nally, the proposed decision framework (Chapter IV) consolidates the previous results by establishing a robust and replicable multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) method for pri-oritizing restoration areas, with potential applications in public policies and Payment for Environmental Services initiatives. The findings demonstrate that the convergence of spatial data, environmental dynamics, and structured decision processes can optimize the allocation of investments and efforts for the effective ecological restoration of degraded environments, ultimately contributing to biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation, and sustain-able development.
Potencial biotecnológico da comunidade bacteriana endofítica associada a Paspalum vaginatum Swartz na promoção de crescimento vegetal, biocontrole e solubilização de fósforo de rochas fosfatadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-09)
Fernandes, Ana Carolina Vasconcelos
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Favero, Alessandra Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4329892306148506
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9461-1539
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Lacava, Paulo Teixeira
Paspalum species are important constituents of native pastures in tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas. Paspalum vaginatum is a native grass to coastal areas in Brazil and is widely used on golf courses in the United States due to its robustness and tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought, waterlogging, and salinity. Endophytic bacteria present within plant tissues can stimulate their growth and act in the biological control of phytopathogenic organisms. The present study aimed to evaluate the endophytic microbial diversity isolated from Paspalum vaginatum and determine their ability to promote plant growth, in addition to investigating the biotechnological potential of these microorganisms for in vitro phytopathogenic biological control in the laboratory and for the solubilization of different phosphorus sources in vitro and in plant. The 16S rDNA gene of 70 endophytic bacteria isolated from Paspalum vaginatum was sequenced for taxonomic identification purposes. Tests were performed to evaluate antagonism against Colletotrichum sp. and the solubilization capacity of different phosphorus sources such as Rochas Araxá and Bayovar, calcium phosphate and triple superphosphate in vitro. In addition, greenhouse experiments were conducted to study the growth stimulation of the species Paspalum vaginatum and Paspalum maritimum and a phosphorus solubilizing experiment on Paspalum maritimum. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of 17 bacterial genera, with emphasis on Bacillus (34.3%), followed by Agrobacterium and Micrococcus (10% each). The seven bacterial isolates tested were able to solubilize the four different phosphorus sources, with emphasis on Bac 160, Bac 161 and Bac 179. Regarding the antagonistic activity against Colletotrichum sp., it was identified that 13 isolates demonstrated antagonistic activity to the fungus Colletotrichum sp. and presented inhibition index ranging from 12.9% to 43.1%. In the plant growth promotion experiment on Paspalum vaginatum shoot dry weight, plant height and number of basal tillers, the commercial inoculants BiomaPhos® and Biopasto® presented inferior results when compared to the other available treatments. Furthermore, Biopasto® presented inferior results when compared to the other available treatments in relation to the number of aerial tillers in Paspalum vaginatum. In Paspalum maritimum, two varieties of Pantoea sp. contributed to a significant increase in root dry weight compared to the control group, and Biopasto® presented inferior results when compared to the other available treatments for shoot and root dry weight. The collected data point to the biotechnological potential of the endophytic bacterial strains identified in Paspalum vaginatum, indicating possible promising applications in sustainable agriculture both to stimulate plant growth and in the biological control of phytopathogenic organisms. The in plant phosphorus solubilization experiment using Paspalum maritimum was conducted with the isolates Bac 160, Bac 161, and Bac 179. Bac 161 showed favorable results for its use with insoluble phosphorus sources, such as Bayovar phosphate rock, both for shoot and root dry matter. Meanwhile, Bac 160 showed favorable results for use in combination with a soluble phosphorus source in order to enhance its effect.
Danos de instalação em geogrelhas de poliéster em agregado natural e fresado de revestimento asfáltico (RAP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-09)
Névoa, Fernando Affonso
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Correia, Natália de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2172645507238077
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6867-9596
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8852428101648227
Geogrids are frequently used as reinforcement elements in infrastructure projects and geotechnical structures, providing increased load-bearing capacity and reduced deformations. However, the reinforcement function of geogrids can be compromised by damage occurring during the field installation process. To ensure that the design strength of the reinforcement aligns with actual service conditions, these damages are accounted for in engineering designs through installation damage reduction factors (FRDI), which vary depending on the characteristics of the material comprising the backfill layer. However, there is a gap in understanding the reduction factors for geogrids when used with alternative materials, such as construction and demolition waste (RCD) or recycled asphalt pavement (RAP). In this context, this study aims to assess the mechanical damage caused by the installation of geogrids in compacted RAP aggregate layers, comparing them to conventional aggregates (sand) and analyzing the influence of the physical characteristics of RAP on the micro and macro damage observed in the reinforcement. To achieve this, experimental tests were conducted following the ASTM D5818-22 standard. The results indicate a significant loss of strength in the geogrids used with RAP, with installation damage reduction factors (FRDI) ranging from 1.36 to 1.59. Despite the coarser granulometry of RAP compared to sand, the FRDI values were not substantially higher. This suggests that the presence of the asphalt binder may have mitigated the impact of mechanical damage, reducing the severity of stress on the geogrids. The results obtained in this study highlight the importance of considering specific reduction factors for alternative backfill materials and reveal the significance of ensuring adequate quality of the polymeric coating on geogrids.
Propriedades mecânicas de argamassas geopoliméricas com a incorporação de pó de vidro e fibra metálica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-09)
Vasconcelos, Arthur de Sousa Lima
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Ferreira, Fernanda Giannotti da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329487394818763
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2197-9081
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3144392961222299
The growing need for alternatives to Portland cement is driving the development of sustainable composites. This study evaluated geopolymer mortars based on metakaolin, incorporating glass powder waste, added alumina and reinforced with straight metal fibers, with the aim of investigating the technical feasibility and use of solid waste. Formulations were developed with a partial substitution of 20% of the metakaolin with glass powder and added alumina, and metal fiber contents of 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% by volume. The experimental program included tests of consistency index in the fresh state and in the hardened state, axial compressive strength, flexural tensile strength, diametrical compressive strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity, mass density and double punching tensile strength. Microstructural characterizations were carried out using XRD, FTIR and SEM. The results showed that the addition of 2.0% metal fibers promoted a significant increase in flexural tensile strength of 176.69% (15.43 MPa) and axial compressive strength of 46.82% (66.21 MPa). However, the formulation with 1.5% fibers exhibited the best overall performance in terms of mechanical properties, as well as providing increased toughness and improved post-cracking behavior, reducing the initial fragility of the mortars, without compromising the consistency index in the fresh state in relation to the reference. Microstructural characterization showed the consolidation of hydrated sodium aluminosilicate (N-A-S-H) gels with a well-defined structure in the reference composition. The partial incorporation of glass powder and alumina resulted in an increase in the amorphous phase, as shown by Rietveld analysis, indicating changes in the structure of the geopolymer matrix, which was reflected in a reduction in mechanical properties. Nevertheless, the formulations containing glass powder showed adequate performance for structural applications, corroborating the technical viability of using industrial by-products in geopolymer systems as a sustainable alternative for the construction sector.
Pegada hídrica e eficiência no uso da água: um estudo comparativo do cultivo da cana-de-açúcar em diferentes municípios no noroeste paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-09)
Silva, Alonso
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Moschini, Luiz Eduardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2728357583462262
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2455541604860503
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Moschini, Luiz
This study analyzes the water footprint of sugarcane cultivation through a comparative assessment between the municipalities of Jales and Ituverava, both located in the northwest region of São Paulo, Brazil. The research aims to understand how edaphoclimatic characteristics and land use history influence the water demand of sugarcane crops, proposing measures to increase the crop's climate resilience. The methodology for measuring the water footprint was based on the CROPWAT 8.0 software, using climate data from the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) and productivity data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The selected municipalities present relevant contrasts in terms of soil type (Latosol and Argisol) and agricultural land use history, enabling the evaluation of these factors' influence on the water footprint of sugarcane cultivation. The results indicate that despite higher rainfall and better water storage capacity in Ituverava’s soil, the municipality exhibits a higher water footprint than Jales, requiring more water per ton of sugarcane produced. Additionally, the study demonstrates that climate change directly impacts crop productivity and water use efficiency, reinforcing the need for adaptation strategies in the agricultural sector. It also highlights the importance of incorporating water sustainability criteria into agricultural planning and agro environmental zoning, especially in regions vulnerable to climate change effects.
Biomarcadores bioquímicos em anuros expostos ao glifosato: uma revisão sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-09)
Vicente, Mariana Canutti Mariano
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Salla, Raquel Fernanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1738422158151824
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3275-0001
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Carvalho, Cleoni dos Santos
Glyphosate, one of the most widely used herbicides in the world, is capable of generating lethal and sublethal effects on several types of organisms, especially in anurans that, during their development, move between the aquatic and terrestrial environments. Amphibians are organisms vulnerable to extinction due to deforestation and habitat loss, diseases, climate change, and high sensitivity to xenobiotics found in the environment, such as pesticides, for example. Therefore, it is essential to understand the development of studies in the area of herbicides and gaps that have not yet been filled. In this review, four databases were used to search for articles that dealt with biochemical biomarkers in anurans exposed to glyphosate. Twenty-five articles published between 2007 and 2023 were found, distributed in six countries, with the largest number being Brazil and Argentina, which is due to the large community of study groups in ecotoxicology, as well as the high consumption of glyphosate. Although the search consisted of amphibians, only studies with anurans were found, whose most used species were Rhinella arenarum, Aquarana catesbeiana and Xenopus laevis. In addition, 48% of the studies used enzymatic pathways to evaluate oxidative stress and neurotoxicity, followed by analyses in the liver (24%) and metabolism (16%). Regarding the life stage of the anurans evaluated, 92% of the studies used tadpoles and only 8% investigated adults. All studies reported oxidative stress and enzymatic alterations related to the exposure of amphibians to glyphosate alone or in mixture with other pesticides, demonstrating its capacity to compromise fundamental processes ranging from birth to reproduction of these individuals. However, the number of studies is still insufficient, as it is necessary to find an economically and environmentally effective solution to the unbridled use of glyphosate. Therefore, this review demonstrates the need to carry out further studies related to biochemical biomarkers and effects of glyphosate in amphibians.
Redes de comunicação: metodologias coletivistas para o planejamento da transição agroecológica, com comunidades camponesas em Nariño, Colômbia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-12)
Méndez, Daniel Ricardo González
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Fontanetti, Anastácia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3598362104615834
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4863-7834
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Duval, Henrique Carmona
In the face of evident inequality and socio-ecological annihilation in the Global South, stemming from the economic powers that drive the capitalist, imperialist, patriarchal, supremacist, and extractivist systems with direct impacts on rural areas, this research was born. It brings the territorial planning of peasant communities in Colombia to the discussion and practice. From an agroecological perspective, the goal was to establish social communication networks between the peasant communities of La Tulpa and Nodo de Agroecología de Tango and extension technicians. This would enable dialogue and the collective development of strategies for planning and implementing proposals that promote emancipatory agroecology. These proposals aim to foster community autonomy in their territories and ecosocial relationships with other stakeholders and nature, focusing on integral well-being. The researchers applied a co-created methodology based on developing concrete projects through various activities, using social techniques and technologies for reflection and constructing plans to strengthen the agroecological transition of these communities. This approach was linked to an analysis of the departmental public policy on agroecology.
O conceito de desejo na obra inaugural de Sigmund Freud
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-12)
Zanchi, João Lucas
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Busacchi, Vinicio
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Soria, Ana Carolina Soliva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2903416522364971
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8765485554681541
This work seeks to explore the meaning of 'desire' in Sigmund Freud's inaugural writings, namely, the set of works written up to the publication of Die Traumdeutung ([1899]1900). To this end, a historical-conceptual analysis is conducted of the main texts in which this concept appears in a significant way. The analysis considers not only the internal relations it establishes within Freudian theory, but also the historical context in which these conceptual constructions take shape. It is concluded that 'desire' is a concept of major importance for the constitution of the logic of psychoanalytic practice; however, its meaning is not unequivocal. Rather, it emerges as a problematic notion that reflects the epistemic tensions within Freud's work. Keywords: desire; Wunsch; Freud; psychoanalysis.
Comercialização do café produzido pelas cooperativas da população em processo de reincorporação socioeconômica em Bogotá, Colômbia: uma abordagem territorial, comunitária e colaborativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-12)
Aljure, Juan Luis Camacho
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Santos, Leandro de Lima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2750978055015275
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8050084880171754
After the signing of the 2016 Peace Agreement between the Colombian government and the former guerrilla group Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP), the process of Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) began, involving more than 10,000 men and women. Following the disarmament and demobilization phases, former combatants opted for a model of collective socioeconomic reintegration, organizing themselves into productive cooperatives as a strategy to ensure economic autonomy and sustainability in their new stage of life. Colombian coffee, globally recognized for its quality and cultural value, became one of the main productive pillars of these cooperatives. The choice of coffee was not only an economic decision but also a way to connect former combatants with networks of fair trade, solidarity economy, and rural development, integrating them into sustainable value chains. This study observed and discussed the dynamics of coffee commercialization produced by the population undergoing socioeconomic reintegration in the city of Bogotá, through territorial, community-based, and collaborative approaches. Although the findings revealed the complexity of the reintegration process for former combatants, they also demonstrated that the work of the cooperatives has had positive impacts both on income generation and on the members’ self-esteem. Additionally, the study aimed to contribute to the monitoring of the Peace Agreement’s implementation, offering input for the debate on reintegration policies, rural development, and social justice, while also helping to strengthen the promotion of a culture of reconciliation, peace, and prosperity in the country.
Agências de classificação de risco e a dinâmica dos campos: trajetórias, capitais e a dominação financeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-13)
Nascimento, Romário Rocha do
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Sacomano Neto, Mário
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0000793038362058
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-1700
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6326797181003964
Credit Rating Agencies [CRAs] are influential and powerful institutions in the international financial market able of impacting the economies of companies and sovereign states. Over the years, they have acquired financial, cultural, political, and economic resources, which have granted them a significant level of influence within the dominant core of the financial market—comprised of the State, banks, and global governance institutions. From this perspective, the objective of this thesis is to analyze how CRAs structure an influential position within the dominant core of the financial market. To achieve this goal, we have divided the research into three studies, each grounded in and structured by distinct objectives, propositions, and methods. The first paper employs the theory of fields to understand the inter-field relationship between the State and CRAs. Through historical documentary research, we analyze some of the key regulatory milestones and events involving CRAs in the financial market. The study highlights how the State engaged various other market fields to promote the legitimacy of CRAs’ performative work. The second paper examines the trajectory and capital accumulation by actors in the field of Agencies Moody’s and S&P— the two largest CRAs in the market. Using prosopography data analysis and Multiple Correspondence Analysis [MCA] the study identifies and assesses six forms of capital held by CRAs: commercial, social-organizational, economic-financial, technological, cultural, and symbolic. The study reveals through perceptual maps that the trajectory and capital accumulation by the actors defined the influential position of CRAs in the dominant core of the financial market, particularly through commercial, technological, and symbolic capital. The third article examines the role of financial innovation as a fundamental mechanism for restructuring the order and stability of the CRAs field. Based on a historical analysis of secondary data, a narrative of crisis recovery was constructed, emphasizing the role of financial innovations and how they function as containment mechanisms used by actors to reorganize the field’s order. We believe the three studies support the central thesis question. Furthermore, the thesis upholds a theoretical premise by offering, as an alternative, the relational analysis between economic sociology and market approaches to relativize a current critique concerning complex empirical problems and the lack of dialogue between disciplines. Thus, we discuss the complementarity between theory of fields and other approaches, such as performativity, market devices, and financial innovation. In this way, the research opposes a simplified view of markets and considers them as complex, intertwined entities, simultaneously connected to social relations and broader historical-cultural contexts.
Análise espaço-temporal dos municípios brasileiros: aplicações de aprendizado de máquina na integração de dados territoriais e populacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-13)
Carvalho, Gabriel Gomes de
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Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5489-7306
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Valencio, Norma Felicidade Lopes da Silva
This study sought to explore the territorial, demographic, and environmental dynamics of Brazilian municipalities through an integrated data approach based on machine learning. The research is justified by the need to understand how different municipal characteristics relate to each other and evolve over time, considering aspects such as changes in territorial configuration, land use and land cover patterns, and demographic transformations. The methodology adopted involves the collection and processing of data from official databases, such as IBGE and MapBiomas, allowing the construction of a structured dataset suitable for the application of statistical and artificial intelligence techniques. The first step consists of defining the municipality as the unit of analysis, considering its institutionalization and evolution over time. A special focus is given to the period from 2003 to 2023, when there was a stabilization in the emancipatory processes. In addition, regional differences in municipal formation are analyzed, highlighting how each Brazilian macro-region presents distinct patterns of creation and expansion of municipalities. Next, the territorial characteristics of the municipalities were investigated, covering aspects such as territorial extension, spatial variations, and environmental factors that influence their configuration. From this, statistical inferences were drawn to assess significant differences between municipalities, using methods such as ANOVA to understand variations between regional groups. The research advances with the application of supervised and unsupervised machine learning techniques. Finally, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques were used to interpret the generated models and understand the importance of each variable in municipal behavior. The identification that the formation of clusters of municipalities, based on territorial, population, and environmental characteristics, correspond more to the natural biomes of Brazil than to the traditional divisions by state or region. Thus, municipalities with similar environmental and land use characteristics, even if belonging to different states, were grouped into highly homogeneous clusters, demonstrating the strength of data-based and machine learning approaches for identifying spatial patterns that escape political-administrative divisions. Thus, the dissertation proposes a new look at municipal organization in Brazil, combining different data sources and methodologies to deepen the understanding of the transformations that have occurred in the national territory.
A natureza das ações educativas desenvolvidas por bibliotecárias(os) da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica (RFEPCT)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-13)
Souza, Ágata Nelza Gomes de
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Sant’Ana, Izabella Mendes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7860235863062183
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9381-350X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2211426713865503
This study investigates how librarians from the libraries of the Federal Network of Professional Scientific and Technological Education (RFEPCT) and graduates of the professional master’s degree program in Professional and Technological Education (ProfEPT) understand the nature of the educational actions they develop. This is an ontological study that investigates the nature of the entity itself aiming to understand it as a being and the links between its constituent elements. Specifically, we aim to characterize the subjects taking part in the research and their working context; to learn if/how initial training (librarianship) and continuing training(s) contributed to developing the educational actions in question; to identify the typologies and to specify the definitions given to educational actions; to characterize, through the perezhivaniya reported, the constitutive elements of the nature of the educational actions highlighted by the participating subjects; and to identify if/how they understand the presence/relevance of technology in the development of educational actions. We conducted systematic mapping (MS) to identify the content related to the subject and found that most studies on the subject refer to the area of librarianship, with little interlocution with education. This justification for this research is added to others of a social and personal nature. Data collection and analysis are based on the theoretical-methodological framework of Lev Semionovich Vygotsky’s (1896-1934) cultural-historical theory, the category of perezhivanie, as a unit of analysis and analytical reference for part of the data analyzed, mediation as an explanatory principle, and the dialectical approach. The research design is structured based on a quantitative↔qualitative approach by applying a mixed online questionnaire (31 participants, distributed across the five Brazilian regions) and a semi-structured reflective interview (six participants). The results obtained through the questionnaire showed that the group is mostly made up of women who have been working in the RFEPCT for around a decade. We also point out that continuing training, specifically the ProfEPT, is seen as more relevant than initial training in librarianship in terms of contributing to the development of educational actions. In addition, we identified 33 different types of educational actions developed by these subjects, including the development of book clubs/reading clubs, training, workshops, classes, and courses. There is also a marked multidimensionality of definitions attributed to educational actions, which were grouped into six types with clear interrelationships between them. Concerning the interviews, based on the analytical framework developed to analyze the perezhivaniya, five essential elements of these educational actions were identified, namely: work from the perspective of totality, freedom, planning, information mediation, and cultural mediation (intersecting formative character). We also indicate that technological resources are present in the educational activities mentioned and are correlated to the shortage of library workers. Thus, the nature of the educational actions is shown from a systemic, dynamic relationship linked to the principles of professional and technological education (EPT), along with a teleological dimension that expresses a prior and conscious purpose of these professionals, in the face of the invisibility and lack of institutional recognition of their work. We concluded that the educational activities carried out by librarians at the RFEPCT reflect a movement aimed at overcoming the historical dichotomy between the areas of librarianship and education, contributing to the comprehensive training of individuals, following the principles of professional and technological education (EPT), through activities carried out in non-formal educational contexts.
Sequential kraft lignin fractionation for nanoparticle production: the use of green solvent approach
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-13)
Rodrigues, Jéssica de Souza
;
Freitas, Amanda de Sousa Martinez de
;
Botaro, Vagner Roberto
;
Ferreira, Marystela
;
Fraceto, Leonardo Fernandes
In the context of biorefineries, kraft lignin (KL) has emerged as an underexplored yet promising resource. Its phenolic structures are crucial, offering a wide range of applications, from advanced materials to nanotechnology. This study investigates the sequential fractionation of KL in acetic acid (HOAc), a green solvent, to produce lignin nanoparticles (LNP). KL fractions were obtained at HOAc concentrations ranging from 10 % to 60 %. The most promising fractions, namely KL_30%, KL_40%, KL_50%, and the final residue (FR), were selected based on high extraction yield and distinct molar masses (Mw) for LNP preparation using the antisolvent precipitation method. The study explores the influence of Mw, chemical composition, and functionality of LNPs on their properties. The results demonstrated an inverse correlation between Mw and the hydrodynamic diameter of LNPs, where lower Mw fractions (KL_30% and KL_40%) resulted in larger particle sizes, while KL_50%, despite its higher Mw, produced the smallest LNPs. This finding reinforces the idea that Mw alone does not dictate particle size, and the chemical functionality of lignin - particularly the balance between phenolic and aliphatic groups - plays a crucial role in determining aggregation behavior, surface charge, and colloidal stability. A deeper understanding of these structure-function relationships opens new opportunities for optimizing lignin fractionation and tailoring LNPs for specific applications in nanotechnology and advanced materials.
Towards a strategy and tool support for test generation based on good software testing practices: classification and prioritization
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-13)
Villota Ibarra, Camilo
;
Maldonado, José Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8807333466702951
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3779-7143
;
Rizzo Vincenzi, Auri Marcelo
This thesis addresses the challenge of defining, validating, and operationalizing good software testing practices, with a focus on improving the quality of test cases. It begins with a systematic literature review, which identifies 131 practices from 103 primary studies, refined into a set of 40 essential best practices. These practices were classified into code-oriented and no-code-oriented groups and validated through a practitioner-centered survey involving experienced software testers, who evaluated their clarity, relevance, applicability, and prioritization. Based on this foundation, the thesis introduces TAI-EvalGenTCS. This AI-based tool uses the OpenAI GPT-4 turbo model to evaluate test cases against proposed practices and generate optimized test cases. The tool was experimentally validated using 16 real-world Java projects, demonstrating its effectiveness in improving the modularity, maintainability, and compliance of the test cases with best practices. The survey results provided empirical confirmation of the proposed classification and offered valuable insights into tool support needs and industry perceptions. The contributions of this research include a structured and validated set of testing practices, a ranked list of essential test case features, empirical validation from industry practitioners, and a practical AI-powered solution that bridges the gap between test automation and test design quality.
Efeitos da exposição de girinos de rãs-touro, Aquarana catesbeiana (Shaw, 1802) ao material particulado atmosférico sedimentável
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-14)
Fernandes, Isabela Ferreira
;
Carvalho, Cleoni dos Santos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7233550271936621
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7473518658996350
;
Irazusta, Silvia Pierre
Air pollution is a major concern today, as it not only affects human health but can also have negative effects on fauna and flora. This type of pollution originates from fuel combustion and industrial production, for example, and can give rise to the so-called atmospheric particulate matter (MPA), popularly known as “black dust”. Given the possibilities of this MPA formation, it is necessary to evaluate the content of this material, as well as the effects it can cause on aquatic organisms. Bullfrog tadpoles, Aquarana catesbeiana, were exposed to sedimentable atmospheric particulate matter, MPA-Se (1g L-1, 96h) for analysis of metal/metalloid and biochemical biomarkers (oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and metabolism). After 96h of exposure, the water in the MPA-Se contained 18 of the 28 metals/metalloids detected in the MPA. Iron (Fe56) and aluminum (Al) showed the highest concentrations, chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) increased 10- to 20-fold, titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), strontium (Sr), rubidium (Rb), cadmium (Cd), tin (Sn) and nickel (Ni) increased 1- to 3-fold compared to the control. The bioaccumulation of metals/metalloids in the exposure water varied significantly among the organs, with the muscle and liver showing the highest concentrations of metals, followed by the brain. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased only in the muscle, while carbonyl proteins (PC) increased in the liver and brain. Regarding the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), there was an increase in the liver and brain in the group exposed to MPA-Se. Catalase (CAT) activity decreased in the liver and muscles, while glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity increased in the liver and kidneys and decreased in muscle. Glutathione S-transferase (GST), responsible for detoxification, increased in the liver and decreased in muscles and kidneys. Cholinesterase (ChE) activity increased only in muscle. The results indicate oxidative stress due to oxidation catalyzed by metals present in MPA-Se. Regarding metabolism, there was an increase in the enzymes pyruvate kinase and phosphofructokinase (PK and PFK) in the liver, while in muscle there was an increase in hexokinase (HK) and a decrease in malate dehydrogenase (MDH), while in the brain there was an increase, the triglyceride metabolite decreased in the liver and brain, increased in muscle. The aminotransferases: alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased in the muscle, but alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glucose showed changes only in the brain and the protein showed no significant difference. With these results it is possible to verify a picture of oxidative stress due to the presence of metals, components of MPA. Thus, the results allow demonstrating the deleterious effects of MPA-Se in the aquatic environment, negatively affecting bullfrog tadpoles, by causing oxidative stress induced by the metals incorporated in it. This effect can be evidenced by the responses of the biochemical biomarkers investigated in the different organs.
O divino e o terreno na transcriação de 「羽衣」: Hagoromo, o Manto de Plumas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-14)
Ramos, Angélica Alves
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Martha, Diana Junkes Bueno
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1857520068239671
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5910949734856589
Product of the entertainments offered at Buddhist temple festivals and Shinto shrines in the Muromachi Period (1336-1573), Noh Theater is a classical Japanese theatrical art that harmoniously combines dance, music and poetry, whose structural organicity is an amalgamation of the precepts and practices of Shintoism and Buddhism. These religious matrices are evident in the Noh play Hagoromo (The Feathers Mantle), which features the meeting of the divine (Buddhist deity) and the earthly (human), in which the celestial maiden’s sacred mantle was stolen by a fisherman, causing the earthly corruption and spiritual impurity. As a theatrical ideogram, Hagoromo presents a poetic fabric composed of complex and diverse threads, inspired by sacred elements such as Buddhist sutras, the gestures of Shinto dance (kagura), and reinterpretation of mythological legends, among others. Featuring elements that are seemingly untranslatable, Hagoromo was transcreated by Haroldo de Campos, into a “poetically effective text, meticulously crafted, autonomous as a work of verbal art” (2006, p.16). Given that transcreation is a creative form of translation aimed not only at rendering poetic expression and content, but also at capturing the poem’s intent by (re)creating its significant forms, this thesis seeks, through a critical reading, to understand how is configured the encounter between the divine and the earthly, originating mainly from Buddhism and Shintoism, which are intrinsic to the architecture and materiality of Noh, in the translation of the Noh Theater play Hagoromo, o Manto de plumas by Haroldo de Campos (2006). Grounded in the theory of transcreation (CAMPOS, 2011) and the ideogramic method of composition (CAMPOS, 1977), we aim to comprehend the critical dialogue established beteen the transcribed text and the source text, focusing on extratextual elements, mainly, through the visual and metaphorical complexity of the ideogram.
Efeitos da exposição de girinos de rã-touro, Aquarana catesbeiana (Shaw, 1802) ao material particulado atmosférico sedimentável.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-05-14)
Fernandes, Isabela Ferreira
;
Carvalho, Cleoni dos Santos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7233550271936621
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7473518658996350
;
Irazusta, Silvia Pierre
Air pollution is a major concern today, as it not only affects human health but can also have negative effects on fauna and flora. This type of pollution originates from fuel combustion and industrial production, for example, and can give rise to the so-called atmospheric particulate matter (MPA), popularly known as “black dust”. Given the possibilities of this MPA formation, it is necessary to evaluate the content of this material, as well as the effects it can cause on aquatic organisms. Bullfrog tadpoles, Aquarana catesbeiana, were exposed to the sedimentable atmospheric particulate matter MPA-Se (1g L-1, 96h) for analysis of metal/metalloid and biochemical biomarkers (oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and metabolism). After 96h of exposure, the water in the MPA-Se contained 18 of the 28 metals/metalloids detected in the MPA. Iron (Fe56) and aluminum (Al) showed the highest concentrations, chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) increased 10 to 20 fold, titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), strontium (Sr), rubidium (Rb), cadmium (Cd), tin (Sn) and nickel (Ni) increased 1 to 3 fold compared to the control. The bioaccumulation of metals/metalloids in the exposure water varied significantly among the organs, with the muscle and liver showing the highest concentrations of metals, followed by the brain. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased only in the muscle, while carbonyl proteins (PC) increased in the liver and brain. Regarding the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), there was an increase in the liver and brain in the group exposed to MPA-Se. Catalase (CAT) activity decreased in the liver and muscles, while glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity increased in the liver and kidneys and decreased in muscle. Glutathione S-transferase (GST), responsible for detoxification, increased in the liver and decreased in muscles and kidneys. Cholinesterase (ChE) activity increased only in muscle. The results indicate oxidative stress due to oxidation catalyzed by metals present in MPA-Se. Regarding metabolism, there was an increase in the enzymes pyruvate kinase and phosphofructokinase (PK and PFK) in the liver, while in muscle there was an increase in hexokinase (HK) and a decrease in malate dehydrogenase (MDH), while in the brain there was an increase, the triglyceride metabolite decreased in the liver and brain, increased in muscle. The aminotransferases: alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased in the muscle, but alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and glucose showed changes only in the brain and the protein showed no significant difference. With these results, it is possible to verify a picture of oxidative stress due to the presence of metals, components of MPA. Thus, the deleterious effects caused by MPA to tadpoles could be identified by biomarkers. Thus, the results contribute to the understanding that MPA-Se has a deleterious effect on the aquatic environment, negatively affecting bullfrog tadpoles, in different ways and levels in relation to the organs analyzed.