Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2025-06-27"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 16 de 16

A felicidade das pessoas idosas pode ser modificada pela disponibilidade de apoio social?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Zuccolotti, Laura Soares; Grazziano, Pedro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5162831230887857; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4303-7308; Inouye, Keika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3570-0704; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4827129621903464
Common biopsychosocial changes and losses associated with aging can directly impact the mental health of older adults. In this context, social support acts as an important protective resource for perceptions of satisfaction, well-being, and happiness. Thus, this study aimed to verify whether there is a relationship between social support and happiness in older adults from the community treated at Family Health Units in the city of São Carlos. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study based on the quantitative research method. Data were collected using the following instruments: Participant Sociodemographic Characterization Form, Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Social Support Scale, and Subjective Happiness Scale. Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed. All ethical precepts regulating research with human beings were respected. The sample consisted of 95 elderly individuals, with a mean age of 69.80 years (SD = 6.90), 3.19 years of schooling (SD = 2.92) and individual and family incomes below 1.3 and 2.6 minimum wages, respectively. The participants were predominantly female (54.7%, n = 52), married (92.6%, n = 88), mixed race (49.5%, n = 47), Catholic (51.6%, n = 49), practicing a religion (74.7%, n = 71), retired (77.9%, n = 74) and with a perception of insufficient income (57.9%, n = 55). The elderly individuals had, on average, 13.05 close people (SD = 26.49). The average total score for social support was 81.35 points (SD=17.17) and the happiness score was 4.86 points (SD=1.05). The majority had intermediate happiness scores (61.1%, n=58). The results showed that there is a relationship between social support and happiness (p<0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that elderly people with greater availability of social support, a greater number of close friends and close people are happier.
Avaliação do ciclo de vida de estruturas de solos reforçados com geossintéticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Araújo Júnior, Luiz Paulo Vieira de; Bueno, Cristiane; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2049901634471620; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3955-6589; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9896669593008767; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8245-2111; Bueno, Cristiane; Silva, Diogo Aparecido Lopes; Schiavon, José Antonio; Pitanga, Heraldo Nunes; Maia, Paulo Cesar de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2049901634471620; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1101747760784249; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5501562803087590; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7513217329977595; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4101228443157020; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3955-6589; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7514-7467; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7224-7219; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5244-1180; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9155-9069
Geosynthetics are versatile materials with great potential for use in civil construction, offering advantages such as ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and environmental benefits. However, despite their many qualities, most research on geosynthetics focuses on technical feasibility analysis or experimental studies. Although the number of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies in Civil Engineering is growing, there are still gaps regarding geosynthetics, particularly soils reinforced with these materials. Studies on the subject are generally limited to the manufacturing and construction stages, ignoring a complete life cycle analysis. This limited scope, by definition, ignores long-term environmental impacts, a practice that often stems from the difficulty in obtaining data on other stages and uncertainty about the final destination of the materials. This gap is exacerbated by the concentration of studies in European and North American countries, disregarding the particularities of the South American context. This approach results in a decontextualized LCA, creating a distorted view of actual environmental performance and underestimating efficient regional solutions, perpetuating a reliance on metrics that do not fully address the local context. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze, using LCA methodology and material circularity analysis, geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures and compare them with a traditional structure, considering the particularities of the South American context. The methodology included an environmental analysis through a complete LCA of the structures, evaluating the potential impacts of three structures: two geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures with geogrid and woven geotextile; and another traditional concrete gravity structure, all analyzed using the ReCiPe method. Additionally, material circularity was assessed using the Material Circularity Indicator (MCI) for the main constituents of the three structures. Finally, scenarios involving the addition of recycled materials to replace virgin materials and the planting of vegetation on the face of the structure were analyzed. The results showed that geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures had a lower environmental impact compared to concrete structures, with a reduction of at least 80% in most categories analyzed. It was also observed that the process with the greatest potential impact was the execution process, followed by the fabrication process for all three structures analyzed. The circularity analysis, in turn, indicated that, as recycled materials were added, both structures increased the MCI indicator, with gains of up to 250% for geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures and 300% for the traditional structure. Therefore, it was concluded that the LCA and circularity analysis methodologies were effective in qualitatively and quantitatively assessing the potential impacts of the structures, demonstrating that geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures can be considered environmentally more sustainable when compared to a traditional concrete structure
A importância da brincadeira no desenvolvimento infantil: uma análise à luz da BNCC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Castro, Daniela Gomes de; Sirino, Marcio Bernardino; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7948350545918651; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5874-6225
This study aims to analyze the importance of play in early childhood development in light of the guidelines established by the Brazilian National Common Curricular Base (BNCC). It is based on the understanding that play is an essential activity for knowledge construction, the development of socio-emotional skills, and the child’s holistic formation. The research is qualitative in nature, with an exploratory and descriptive approach, and is primarily grounded in a literature review of authors who discuss playfulness and child development, such as Vygotsky, Piaget, and Kishimoto. The study reflects on different types of play and how the intentional planning of playful situations by educators can enhance meaningful learning. The results reinforce the BNCC’s guidance that play should be valued as a core element of pedagogical practice, contributing to children is cognitive, emotional, motor, and social development.
A influência da abordagem de ensinar do professor no uso da apostila Open Doors em um curso livre de inglês da prefeitura de Guarulhos: uma análise à luz da Operação Global de Ensino de Línguas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Martins, Daniel Fagundes; Barbirato, Rita de Cassia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962819573963727; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5896-9787; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9825601527348305; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8583-4344
This doctoral thesis aims to investigate, in light of the Global Operation of Language Teaching (OGEL), how the Teacher’s Teaching Approach influences the use of the Open Doors textbook in a municipal public English course offered by the city of Guarulhos. The language project, targeted at residents aged 13 and older, uses didactic materials developed by the teachers themselves. The study is grounded in the theoretical principles of the OGEL framework, with a specific focus on the Teacher’s Teaching Approach (Almeida Filho, 1997; 2002[1993], 2023) and the constructs of activity, exercise, pre-communicative task, and communicative task, as defined by Barbirato (1999; 2005). This is a qualitative study with ethnographic and documentary orientation, involving three tenured teachers from the municipal school system, all of whom hold degrees in Language Studies with certification in English. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, classroom observations and recordings, and analysis of the materials used. The relevance of this study lies in analyzing how teachers exercise autonomy in adapting and resignifying the Open Doors textbook to respond to the educational demands of the local public context. By investigating this dynamic, the research highlights teaching practices that go beyond the prescribed use of the material, revealing processes of resignification, tensions, and coherence between the teaching approach and the didactic material. The findings provide insights into how the field of ideas (teaching approach) influences the field of materialities (classroom procedures), as theorized in the OGEL model. The study thus contributes to the development of more contextualized and communicative pedagogical practices in language teaching, reinforcing the importance of teacher autonomy in public education.
Histórias invisibilizadas na terapia ocupacional: contribuições das mulheres negras na construção da profissão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Souza, Roberta dos Santos; Borba, Patrícia Leme de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4193205735379897; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9654-8593; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9772979907382270; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1981-7232
The research aimed to seek out, identify, and write about the life stories and contributions of self-identified Black Brazilian occupational therapists who graduated between 1958 and 2000. The investigative process included the analysis of historical documents, the review of articles and publications aligned with ethnic-racial themes, the conduction of interviews, among other sources that enabled the construction of a broad overview of the history of the Black Movement, Black women in science, and their participation in Occupational Therapy. Following multiple paths to identify the collaborators, nine escrevivências (lived and narrated experiences) of Black occupational therapists were gathered: Maria Bernardete da Silva Roque de Faria, Dalila Ribeiro Alves Vilella, Eliana Maria de Moraes, Marta Soares, Haydée Monteiro, Vanilza Rodrigues dos Santos, Márcia Cabral Costa, Rita de Cássia Barcellos Bittencourt, and Gilma Corrêa Coutinho. The contributions of Black occupational therapists to the construction and development of Occupational Therapy in Brazil are marked by pioneering efforts, ethical-political commitment, dedication, and the production of knowledge across various areas of practice, both professional and academic. Were pioneers in the expansion and implementation of Occupational Therapy courses in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo; in the creation of the Atelier Gaia (RJ); and in their work as consultants and project coordinators in collaboration with major Brazilian companies, expanding the professional scope of the field. In the realm of research and theoretical production, their highlights include participation in the Grupo de Estudos Profundos de Terapia Ocupacional (GEs.TO), with deep engagement in the theories of Rui Chamone and related publications. In teaching, they have led research lines such as AAAfroNTO and LAB Isè, helping to consolidate Black and intersectional epistemologies within Occupational Therapy. Their work also contributed to the consolidation and expansion of physical rehabilitation in Espírito Santo; to community-based practices focused on quilombola communities and the fight against racial inequalities, including participation in hetero-identification committees as mechanisms for ensuring affirmative action policies. Within Brazil’s Unified Health System (SUS), they have stood out in the field of mental health, working in substitute services and community- and territory-based care systems, with practices aimed at empowering individuals, ensuring rights, and strengthening the protagonism of socially vulnerable groups. The recognition of these escrevivências is essential for advancing a Brazilian Occupational Therapy that is critical, plural, anti-racist, and committed to social transformation
Os afetos (sentimentos) podem ser influenciados pela disponibilidade de apoio social em pessoas idosas da comunidade?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Silva, Livia Mazzulli Moreira da; Grazziano, Pedro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5162831230887857; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4303-7308; Inouye, Keika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3570-0704; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6451341334352666; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3846-4640
Social support plays a fundamental role in maintaining mental health, directly influencing the psychological and emotional well-being of elderly people. In terms of feelings and emotions, social support directly influences the quality of emotions experienced. Thus, this research aimed to verify whether there is a relationship between social support and feelings in elderly people in the community. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study, based on the quantitative research method. The sample consisted of elderly people registered in five Family Health Units in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo, living in areas of high social vulnerability. The instruments used for data collection were: Participant Sociodemographic Characterization Form, Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Social Support Scale and Portuguese Scale of Positive and Negative Affects Short Form. The data obtained were entered into a database in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows program to perform descriptive and correlational statistical analyses. The sample consisted of elderly individuals with a mean age of 69.80 years (SD = 6.90), 3.19 years of schooling (SD = 2.92), and individual and family incomes of less than 1.3 and 2.6 minimum wages, respectively. Participants were predominantly female (54.7%, n = 52), married (92.6%, n = 88), brown (49.5%, n = 47), Catholic (51.6%, n = 49), practicing a religion (74.7%, n = 71), retired (77.9%, n = 74), and with a perception of insufficient income (57.9%, n = 55). The mean total social support score was 81.35 points (SD=17.17) and the mean positive and negative affect scores were 13.58 points (SD=4.37) and 9.20 points (SD=4.09), respectively. Among the results, we highlight the directly proportional correlations between the total social support scores and the positive affect (rho=0.396, p=0.000) and the specific “inspired” affect (rho=0.306, p=0.003). It is concluded that elderly people with a better perception of the availability of social support have more positive affects (feelings).
Técnicas de quantificação de incerteza em redes neurais para densidades condicionais por meio de modelos de misturas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Silva Santos, Vagner; Izbicki, Rafael; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9991192137633896
The uncertainty in statistical learning models is divided into two main types: aleatoric uncertainty, related to the intrinsic variability of the data, and epistemic uncertainty, caused by incomplete knowledge about the data-generating process, often associated with data scarcity. Conditional density estimation allows for good quantification of aleatoric uncertainty. However, quantifying epistemic uncertainty traditionally requires Bayesian methods, which, although theoretically well-founded, entail high computational costs in high dimensions. Our interest in this problem arose from the scarcity of works addressing epistemic uncertainty and the search for computationally efficient and scalable alternatives. Our contribution focuses on using neural networks with dropout in mixture models, demonstrating that this approach: approximates Bayesian inference via Monte Carlo dropout, incorporating epistemic uncertainty; significantly reduces computational costs compared to Bayesian neural networks; and naturally integrates with Conformal Prediction regions to produce predictive intervals with theoretical coverage guarantees.
Isolamento e caracterização de novos limonoides em Trichilia pallida (Meliaceae) guiado por LC-MS/MS: Uma contribuição à quimiossistemática do gênero
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Moraes, Carlos André Ferreira; Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7081-817X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2574358034018138; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4934-6358; Ferreira, Antonio Gilberto; Garcez, Fernanda Rodrigues; Silva, Milton Nascimento da; Nogueira, Cláudio Rodrigo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3676462220401452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3566538558176004; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6742390457977989; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1917715172933893
The Meliaceae family is widely recognized both for the quality of its wood and for the biosynthesis of tetranortriterpenes (limonoids), secondary metabolites that exhibit various biological activities, including insecticidal, bactericidal, antifungal, and anticancer properties. Several genera within this family have been studied due to the bioactive potential of their compounds, with particular emphasis on Melia L., Toona (Endl.) M. Roem., Azadirachta A. Juss., and Trichilia P. Browne. This last genus has been the subject of phytochemical studies that have demonstrated the presence of the three main classes of limonoids—intact-ring, seco-ring, and rearranged limonoids. However, to date, the occurrence of rearranged limonoids has only been reported in Trichilia species native to Asia. In this study, a methodology was developed based on the monitoring of diagnostic ions detected in fragmentation spectra (MS/MS) to identify potential limonoids and guide the selection of extracts and fractions of Trichilia pallida for the isolation of these metabolites. All extracts and fractions were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with a high-resolution mass spectrometer (HRMS). The MS/MS spectra that contained diagnostic ions were used to direct the collection of fractions via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), monitoring absorbance at 215 nm. The methodology employed enabled the isolation and structural characterization, through one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, of eleven limonoids and two norlimonoids. Among the isolated limonoids, six belong to the C-seco group, one to the A,B-seco group, one has an intact ring, and three underwent structural rearrangement involving the C and D rings. The two norlimonoids (pentanortriterpenes) exhibited the loss of the carbon at position C-12 and modifications in the furan ring, resembling the azadirachtin class. The results obtained in this study suggest that Brazilian Trichilia species exhibit a wide structural diversity of limonoids. The isolation and characterization of previously unreported limonoids for this genus highlight that a more targeted LC-MS/MS approach can reveal the structural richness of these metabolites in Trichilia species native to Brazil.
O papel da neurotransmissão alfa-2 adrenérgica do córtex cingulado anterior na modulação da ansiedade e da nocicepção na empatia para a dor crônica em camundongos machos e fêmeas.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Souza, Raphael Christhian Brandão de; Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0828-7670; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4046353984805469; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4434-6495; Oliveira, Amanda Ribeiro de; Tavares, Lígia Renata Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4993675879410961; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7763180377066531
Empathy, defined as the ability to observe and infer the emotional and mental states of others, has been the subject of numerous research studies, and this phenomenon can also be observed in rodents. Studies indicate that cohabitation with a cagemate experiencing chronic pain induces hypernociception and an increase in anxiety-like behaviors, and that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) modulates empathy, anxiety, and nociception. Therefore, considering the high density of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the ACC and their role in modulating anxiety and pain, this study investigated the involvement of alpha-2 adrenergic neurotransmission within the ACC in modulating nociception and anxiety in the empathy for chronic pain model. Thus, male and female Swiss-albino mice were housed in quartets during a 28-day cohabitation protocol. On the 14th day, one of the animals in the quartet was selected to be the chronic pain demonstrator (CNC) or Sham demonstrator. On day 24, the observer mice (Ob-CNC and Ob-Sham) underwent CCA stereotaxis. On days 26, 27, and 28, a partition was introduced into the housing cage for 15 minutes to induce habituation and enable the abdominal writhing test in Ob-CNC and Ob-Sham mice. On day 28, Ob-CNC and Ob-Sham animals received bilateral intra-CCA injections of saline/clonidine 8 μg/0.1 μL (alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist), yohimbine 0.05 μg/0.1 μL (alpha-2 adrenergic receptor antagonist)/saline, yohimbine 0.05 μg/clonidine 8 μg, saline/saline, and were then subjected to the elevated plus maze for 5 minutes. Next, they received an injection of 0.6% acetic acid (10 ml/kg, intraperitoneal) for evaluation of abdominal contortions over 5 minutes. CNC and Sham mice were evaluated in the hot plate test on day 28. Our results showed that cohabitation in quartets with a chronic pain demonstrator induces hypernociception and increased anxiety-like responses in male and female mice. Clonidine (8 μg) reduced hypernociception and decreased anxiety-like behaviors, whereas pre-treatment with yohimbine (0.05 μg) reversed clonidine-induced antinociception without altering anxiety-like behaviors in the observer mice. Hence, alpha-2 adrenergic neurotransmission in the ACC plays a distinct role in modulating nociception and anxiety induced by empathy for chronic pain model in both male and female mice.
Anestesia de canídeos do cerrado in situ: avaliação de protocolos a partir de dados coletados a campo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Rizardi, Mayra Bertolo; Lima, Caio Filipe da Motta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5833399072087947; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2533933952068996
Chemically restraining wild canids in situ is a part of conservation efforts for these species, since its capture and manipulation for biological sampling and telemetry collars setup are essential to the studies. No studies bring robust data comparing anesthetic protocols, specifically concerning the Cerrado species. Founded in 2009, the Cerrado Mammals Conservation Program (PCMC) has been developing in situ research at Minas Gerais and Goiás states and has been gathering notable experience in Cerrado carnivores capture and anesthesia, adding up to more than 400 chemical restraint procedures and these are the records that hold the foundation of the present work that aimed to access the chemical restraint protocols used in Crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous), Hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus) and Maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) captured by the PCMC from 2008 to 2023. We built a database based on PCMC field anesthesia records. A spreadsheet was developed for each species and exporte do R Studio software to analyze protocol dosage, recumbency, latency, immobilization, initial recovery, supplementation duration, antagonism recovery, recumbency rate, heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature and depth of anesthesia. The database comprised a total of 183 procedures with C. thous, 117 with L. vetulus and 21 with C. brachyurus. All the anesthetic protocols analyzed provided suitable depth of anesthesia for basic handling and sampling. Ketamine-midazolam-butorphanol (KMB) is the most numerous recorded protocol for the three species with times of induction, immobilization and recovery suitable for field procedures, and proven stability of vital signs and anesthesia depth. Anesthesia supplementation was very often, but knowing dosages, time of action and securing peripheral venous access makes it possible to prepare in advance. Ketamine-midazolam-butorphanol-xylazine (KMBX) produced longer immobilization time, better muscle relaxation and less need for supplementation in the foxes’ procedures, but the evident presence of arrhythmia deserves further investigation. Ketamine-midazolam-butorphanol-dexmedetomidine (KMBD), despite providing longer immobilization time, great muscle relaxation, fast recovery and the possibility of using antagonists, the marked presence of arrhythmia, sudden awakening and low flow at blood collection brings the necessity of carefully thinking and preparing for this combination. Midazolam-butorphanol-dexmedetomidine (MBD) brings the same disadvantages, but is potentialized by the absence of ketamine, resulting also in temperature consequences. Tiletamine-zolazepam (Z) brings the practicality of usually resulting in low volumes, which is desirable for wild animals’ anesthesia. But it is plainly registered in literature the excitation side effects, demonstrated in this study by the high values of heart and respiratory rates in both foxes. Its prolonged and agitated recovery is another currently known disadvantage, that takes Z off the place of drug of choice for wild canids. Our study provides a level of anesthetic data robustness not yet available in the current literature, hopefully contributing valuable information to support conservation efforts for Cerrado canids.
O ensino e aprendizagem de química orgânica: um estudo de caso envolvendo um curso de formação de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Musetti, Henrique Cesar; Marques, Clelia Mara de Paula; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451284088402660; Venâncio, Tiago; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4438399441102990; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015022942449395; Oliveira, Ricardo Castro de; Bazetti, Luciane Fernandes de Goes; Marcelino, Valéria de Souza; Silva, Jackson Gois da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5250655473775276; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0448594654044672; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7744791759517135; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9057437833300365
Chemistry teaching is permeated by the use of symbols, analogies, images, models, and diverse representations. Especially in initial teacher training courses in Chemistry, issues of communication and language need not only to be presented carefully to students, but also to have reflection on their use encouraged, highlighting that the choice of representational methods can have a direct influence on learning. In the teaching of Organic Chemistry, the use of representations and, often, one or more visualization tools is quite common, with the aim of enabling students to develop concepts and make interpretations aligned with current and evolving chemical knowledge. Therefore, this research sought to characterize, especially, the approaches and resources used in Organic Chemistry in a teacher training course, as well as general aspects of teaching and learning in this context, such as the relationships between the subjects. This research was qualitative in nature, employing questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and observation as data collection instruments. The data obtained were analyzed through discursive textual analysis (DTA) and from a sociocultural perspective, supported by Wertsch's theory of mediated action. Among the main conclusions of this work, one can cite the positive effects achieved in learning with the use of material objects to aid in three-dimensional structural perceptions, suggesting that early and more frequent use in the subject in question can enhance the teaching and learning of its central concepts, often in association with DICT. The results also revealed that encouraging continuing education for teachers, especially those involved in initial teacher training, can help improve familiarity with these resources as well as their use in teaching practice. Furthermore, the research highlighted the importance of a good relationship between teachers and students for motivation and retention in a challenging subject like Organic Chemistry.
Perspectivas do envelhecimento ativo e saudável na visão da equipe pedagógica do ensino básico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Silva, Maria Laura Montanher Pereira da; Semensato, Carolina Ramos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7286581903238068; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0216-0149; Varoto, Vania Aparecida Gurian; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7449531039410521; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3763-5638; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5764655081246494; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9862-7028
Population aging is an increasing reality and requires reflection across various sectors of society, including education. The school, as a space of development, plays a fundamental role in building a culture that values all stages of life and combats ageism. This work aligns with the guidelines of the Decade of Healthy Ageing plan (2021–2030), proposed by the World Health Organization, which encourages intersectoral actions to promote healthy aging, inclusion, and respect for older people, beyond reflecting on how aging is perceived within the school environment by some education professionals. Objective: Identify how members of pedagogical teams in municipal basic education perceive their own aging. This study also aims to review the literature on aging and education, especially in the context of pedagogical teams and the school environment. Methodology: This study adopts both qualitative and quantitative approaches, focusing on exploratory and descriptive aspects. Primary data were obtained from the database of the research group "Law, City, and Aging" and analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis, based on the components of healthy and active aging. Results: In the literature review (Stage 1), studies published between 2013 and 2023 were surveyed, and 445 publications in the SciELO and CAPES Portal databases were found, using three to four descriptors with the intersection of the boolean operator “and”. After analyzing titles and abstracts, 442 were excluded: 20 for being duplicates and 422 for incompatibility with the theme, resulting in 3 relevant Brazilian studies focused on planning, inclusion, and the role of pedagogical coordination. To strengthen the theoretical framework, an additional search was conducted for 2024 publications using the same criteria. In Stage 2, focused on collecting responses from the research group's database, 19 participants responded to the pre-questionnaire and 7 to the post-questionnaire, the majority being women aged between 40 and 49 years, with postgraduate education. The analysis indicated that the intrinsic capacity component was the most significant in how participants think about, act on, and envision their aging process, with answers highlighting concepts such as independence, autonomy, and mental clarity, among others. Conclusion: Both before and after the workshop, the pedagogical team’s perception was centered on preserving physical and cognitive conditions, associated with autonomy, mental clarity, and functionality. Although, after the intervention, elements valuing subjective and psychosocial aspects, such as interpersonal relationships and knowledge sharing emerged, the environmental component was scarcely mentioned. Reflecting on aging within the school context is essential to deconstruct stigmas, strengthen intergenerational education, and promote pedagogical practices aligned with the guidelines of the Decade of Healthy Ageing, which demands investment in ongoing training and institutional commitment.
Estudo geoarqueológico preliminar de depósitos Sedimentares em terraços fluviais na confluência dos Rios Tietê e Piracicaba: contribuição à prospecção de ocupação humana no período Paleoíndio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Dias, Karolina Cardozo; Pinheiro, Marcos Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7973209883430782; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0864-2441; Fernandes, Erminio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2770392631554400; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2790-968X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2484588439553660; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2746-9744
Los estudios sobre la Prehistoria, cuyos materiales arqueológicos suelen tener una antigüedad de miles de años, destacan la importancia de la reconstrucción de los paleoambientes para interpretar los contextos de deposición de los registros arqueológicos. Por lo tanto, la interfaz entre la Arqueología y las Geociencias, especialmente la Geomorfología, es importante para los estudios centrados en el período Cuaternario. Teniendo en cuenta la importancia de las geociencias para comprender el entorno natural de las antiguas ocupaciones humanas, esta investigación se centra en los terrazos fluviales, características geomorfológicas estratégicas para investigar paisajes del pasado. Sin embargo, la dinámica geomorfológica de estas características puede plantear preguntas sobre el origen de los materiales arqueológicos encontrados allí. El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar la distribución y la composición de los sitios arqueológicos en las riberas – terrazas fluviales – de un tramo de los ríos Tietê y Piracicaba, dos de los principales ríos del estado de São Paulo, estableciendo relaciones entre los sitios y las características geomorfológicas del área estudiada. Para ello, se realizaron análisis granulométricos y morfoscópicos, además de un mapeo geomorfológico detallado, con el fin de comprender las interacciones existentes entre las características fluviales y los sitios arqueológicos. A partir de los resultados, se concluyó que existe una estrecha relación entre la distribución de los sitios, asociados a las características geomorfológicas, y sus características. En resumen, los resultados reforzaron los patrones conocidos sobre la ubicación de los sitios en áreas topográficamente elevadas, destacaron la influencia de las características geomorfológicas y revelaron distintos procesos de deposición, ampliando el conocimiento de la dinámica geomorfológica y geoarqueológica en las riberas de los ríos Tietê y Piracicaba a lo largo del Cuaternario.
IL-10 na competência oocitária após a refrigeração de ovários e de complexos cumulus-oócitos de majoritariamente Bos taurus indicus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Oliveira, Gil Neves Pinto de; Sudano, Mateus José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1945811068525845; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7699-4449; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4055035543932066; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4806-0163
The use of ovaries from slaughterhouses is a common practice for research involving early animal development. However, the transportation time and handling of these ovaries prior to culture can negatively affect oocyte competence. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine with regulatory potential in the embryonic environment and blastocyst development. This study aimed to evaluate whether IL-10 promotes oocyte competence after refrigeration of ovaries or cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) at 4°C. The effect of IL-10 was evaluated in COCs from ovaries refrigerated at 4°C or maintained at 30°C during transport to the laboratory and refrigerated at 4°C for 3 h prior to in vitro maturation (IVM). Nuclear maturation was assessed by monitoring the rate of first polar body extrusion and cumulus cell expansion. DNA fragmentation of oocytes and cumulus cells (CCs) were also investigated by the TUNEL technique, and cytoplasmic maturation was assessed by evaluating the distribution of cortical granules. For statistical analysis, the data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's test. A significance level of 5% was adopted. No effect (P>0.05) of IL-10 and refrigeration on the expansion and DNA fragmentation of CCs was identified. However, the polar body extrusion rate of the control group of refrigerated ovaries (23.3±3.0%) was lower (P<0.05) than the other groups (41.3±6.3, 48.0±3.1, and 39.6±4.4%, respectively for control treatments at 30 °C, IL-10 at 30 °C, and refrigerated IL-10). In the groups at 30 °C with IL-10, in both experiments, lower percentages of fragmented DNA were obtained in the oocytes (8.3%: 2/24 and 20.7%: 6/29). Furthermore, the oocytes from the groups refrigerated with the addition of IL-10, both for prevention and reversal purposes, presented a percentage of apoptosis (32.1%: 9/28 and 31.3%: 10/32) very similar to the control group at 30 °C (32.0%: 8/25). It is concluded that IL-10 was effective in rescuing the nuclear maturation of oocytes when subjected to refrigeration, however, without noticeable effects on cumulus cells and cytoplasmic granules.
Fogo nas matas ripárias do Cerrado: comparação da avifauna entre áreas queimadas ou não
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Pessini, Liliane Gomes Freitas; Campagnoli, Mariana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3362063541391455; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2784-871X; Christianini, Alexander Vicente; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2295622727813765; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1538-791X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8484387853141871; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3625-7018
Throughout Earth's evolutionary history, fire has been a natural force shaping terrestrial ecosystems. In the Cerrado, it regulates open vegetation and prevents woody encroachment, acting as a key element in the dynamics of savanna landscapes. However, humans have been altering fire regimes, intensifying wildfires and affecting sensitive ecosystems such as riparian forests. These forests play an essential role in landscape stability, serving as refuges for various species and acting as natural fire breaks. In this study I compared the vegetation and avifauna between burned and unburned riparian forests in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Burned forests showed increased tree mortality and reduced canopy cover, with more light and invasion of highly flammable exotic grasses. Regarding bird communities, burned forests showed more forest-independent species and less insectivores than unburned forests, likely reflecting changes in environmental conditions and resource availability. These results suggest the vulnerability of at least part of the vegetation and bird fauna of riparian forests to human-induced fires and highlight the need for effective management strategies. Recognizing fire as a key ecological process and adopting fire management practices, we can contribute to Cerrado conservation, ensuring its resilience amid growing environmental threats.
Liderança pedagógica na educação infantil: percepções relatadas por diretoras da rede municipal de Patos-PB sobre sua atuação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-27) Silva, Camila Martins de Souza; Rodrigues, Tatiane Cosentino; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8361431964064731; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4402-2805; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7593416703958397; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2125-5902; Martins, Gabriela Dal Forno; Tomazzetti, Cleonice Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0525940540605249; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4821077407620769; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6278-7302; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1976-4604
This dissertation investigates the role of early childhood education principals in the municipality of Patos-PB, through the lens of instructional leadership and in alignment with the official documents that guide this educational stage. The research addresses a gap identified in the literature regarding the leadership exercised by school principals in Early Childhood Education, especially in municipal contexts in the interior and Northeast regions of Brazil. The general objective was to characterize principals’ perceptions of their roles, practices, and challenges, as well as the institutional support they receive, based on semi-structured interviews conducted with ten school leaders. The qualitative analysis of the data followed the Content Analysis technique (BARDIN, 2016) and was organized into four parts: (i) characteristics of instructional leadership; (ii) self-assessment and motivations regarding their roles; (iii) support from the Municipal Department of Education; and (iv) challenges faced. The results reveal that, although there are convergences with the pedagogical management dimension and the social function of Early Childhood Education, there is a lack of tools and guidelines for the exercise of instructional leadership, as well as a gap in the establishment of specific goals for this stage. In the context of Patos, relational leadership stands out, based on care and active listening. The research connects international frameworks on instructional leadership (LEITHWOOD, 2004; ROBINSON, 2008; FABRY, 2022) with national regulatory frameworks (BNCC, DCNEI, PNQEI), contributing to the debate on improving educational management in Early Childhood Education. The findings provide insights for training policies that recognize the specificities of this stage and strengthen the role of principals as instructional leaders.