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As atividades significativas e o cotidiano das pessoas em sofrimento psíquico pelo uso de álcool e outras drogas: perspectivas em Terapia Ocupacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-08)
Carleto, Daniel Gustavo de Sousa
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Lussi, Isabela Aparecida de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8121264125922144
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9571012795056991
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Marcolino, Tais Quevedo
Drug use has been a part of humanity since ancient times, present in different cultures with different motivations. Harmful use can lead to fragility and the rupture of social bonds, isolation, and vulnerability in various aspects of people's lives. In this context, Occupational Therapy works to promote social reintegration and a meaningful daily life. Through activities that are meaningful to the individual, the aim is to rescue abandoned experiences and create possibilities, aiding in their recovery and social reintegration. This doctoral thesis aimed to understand the meaningful activities and daily lives of people suffering from psychological distress due to alcohol and other drug use from their own perspectives. The research, which used a qualitative approach, involved 10 people suffering from psychological distress due to alcohol and other drug use who attended a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Drugs in a municipality in the Triângulo Mineiro region. The theoretical framework used was the theory of everyday life proposed by Agnes Heller. Data were collected over a five-month period, specifically from February to July 2023, through a sociodemographic questionnaire and an adaptation of the Photovoice method. This consisted of asking participants to take photos of meaningful activities they perform, would like to perform, represent their daily lives, and would like to be part of their daily lives. The data collected through the sociodemographic questionnaire were analyzed descriptively. The data collected through the adapted Photovoice method and the interview guide were analyzed using thematic content analysis, from which three categories of analysis emerged: What is meaningful to do: human activities; A daily life of meaningful activities; Using drugs is a meaningful activity (yes)! The results showed that participants attributed different meanings to meaningful activities and daily life, including the use of psychoactive substances itself. Daily life was understood as a daily routine composed of various activities, in addition to care/assistance activities, interpersonal relationships, and work activities. The data revealed that drug use influences the performance of meaningful activities and the daily lives of participants, but that it can also be considered a meaningful activity in people's lives. The research findings demonstrated the relevance of the Alcohol and Drug Psychosocial Care Center and the development of feelings of belonging in the contexts in which people with psychological distress due to alcohol and other drug use live for the performance of meaningful activities and the redefinition of their daily lives. Based on the theoretical framework adopted, it was possible to analyze the influence of psychological distress and drug use on the daily lives of participants. The study demonstrates the importance of considering the perspectives of people with psychological distress due to alcohol and other drug use in valuing their meaningful activities and redefining their daily lives, enabling qualification for this area of Occupational Therapy.
Sistema de reconhecimento de fala disártrica usando aprendizagem autossupervisionada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-08)
Gracelli, Ricardo Alexandre
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Almeida Junior, Jurandy Gomes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4495269939725770
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4998-6996
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6620281314745744
This study aims to develop and evaluate Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems tailored to the needs of individuals with dysarthric speech — a condition that compromises communication clarity and limits the use of voice-based assistive technologies. One of the main challenges in dysarthric speech recognition lies in the scarcity of labeled data, and to address this issue, two complementary and interdependent approaches were examined. The first investigated pathology-oriented data augmentation techniques applied to two Transformer-based processing pipelines: FW1 and FW2. Signal perturbation methods — additive noise, time-stretching, and the proposed Spectral Oclution (SO) — were applied individually and in combination to recordings from the UA-Speech corpus. Exploratory analysis of Word Recognition Accuracy (WRA), Word Error Rate (WER), and Character Error Rate (CER) curves showed that combining noise and time-stretching consistently reduced errors in speakers with moderate intelligibility; SO provided additional gains in specific cases; and the union of all three perturbations benefited severe cases, although it could degrade nearly typical voices due to spectral overheating. The second approach, built upon the findings of the first, employed supervised pre-training on typical speech from the LJSpeech corpus. These baseline models were then subjected to a self-supervised contrastive cycle on the typical partition of UA-Speech, where the same transformations from Phase 1 (noise, time-stretching, and SO) were reused to generate positive pairs for contrastive training. Thus, augmentation strategies were not only validated in isolation but also served as the foundation for the contrastive stage. We evaluated two methods: Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representations (SimCLR) and Swapping Assignments between Views (SwAV). The refined weights were then transferred for fine-tuning on dysarthric datasets. Compared to the baseline trained solely on LJSpeech, both contrastive methods enhanced performance: SimCLR showed higher sensitivity to severe speakers, while SwAV maintained stable performance across all intelligibility levels, further reducing CER and WER and increasing WRA. In some severe cases, WER was reduced by more than 20 percentage points. In summary, the integration of targeted data augmentation and contrastive pre-training resulted in ASR models more robust to the articulatory variability of dysarthria, supporting the inclusion of dysarthric speakers in voice-based communication systems.
O papel da hesitação na interação humano-máquina: uma análise no atendimento via chat
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-08)
Santos, Valeria Vieira
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Stassi-Sé, Joceli Catarina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1314068157460143
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4618767941163669
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https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0023-6736
This research aims to describe and analyze hesitation in interactions carried out through customer service chats that use Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, based on the Interactive Textual Perspective (Jubran, 2006). The investigation focuses on identifying and describing the linguistic markers of hesitation in interactions mediated by three types of interlocutors: human agents, users, and a chatbot, as well as verifying how these markers manifest and impact the perception of fluency, comprehension, and humanization in dialogue. The study is grounded in the understanding of AI as a technical field that also seeks to develop agents capable of simulating human behavior (Russell; Norvig, 2016; Nilsson, 1998), with particular focus on automated conversational systems (Jurafsky; Martin, 2023), such as chatbots, which constitute hybrid environments between orality and writing. In this context, hesitation is defined as an interactive-discursive phenomenon with a textual function, capable of signaling doubt, organizing discourse, and seeking cooperation, as discussed by Marcuschi (1999), Marcuschi (2000). The analyzed data are drawn from a corpus of real customer service interactions conducted by a nationally recognized company that authorized the use of the data. The methodology involves the qualitative and quantitative categorization of hesitation markers according to linguistic criteria, including frequency of hesitations, type of hesitation, communicative context, impact on interactions, user response, human vs. AI comparison, conversation length, pragmatics of hesitation, cognitive aspect of hesitation, and interactional aspect of hesitation. The analysis shows that hesitation, when more frequent among human interlocutors—mainly in functional words and hesitation markers—is associated with interactions that generate effects of empathy and cooperation from users. In contrast, the absence or superficial simulation of this phenomenon in AI turns compromises the continuity and naturalness of the interaction. By situating hesitation as an important element in the construction and fluency of conversations mediated by humans and robots, this research explores and connects the subject to the field of technology and may contribute to studies on the humanization of AI in automated customer service, reinforcing the importance of integrating linguistic, pragmatic, and technological aspects in the design of conversational systems that are more sensitive to natural language.
Entre margens e vozes: a construção discursiva da autoria em Carolina Maria de Jesus e Conceição Evaristo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-09)
Magalhães, Caio Mário de Oliveira
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Araújo, Lígia Mara Boin Menossi de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7893136450669304
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2047-3019
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4589134357796603
When we reflect on authorship, we can shed light on a multitude of perspectives and ideas that draw us to both literary studies and discourse studies, making this concept, in its own way, the result of discussions and practices that constantly call the author into question. In this context, Dominique Maingueneau, in Literary Discourse (2006), posits that the author is composed of three instances that function intertwined and simultaneously—namely, the person, the writer, and the inscriber—thus giving shape to the authorial work. However, in Ten Concepts in Discourse Analysis (2010), by proposing the notion of the author’s image, Maingueneau challenges his own formulation of authorship by arguing that the work with the text and the construction of a work are not the exclusive domain of the author, but also of managers, commentators, and interveners who, together, shape the image one has of the author, as well as help mold that image into positive or negative values. From this perspective, we seek to understand the functioning and management of the authorship of Carolina Maria de Jesus and Conceição Evaristo, examining two lines of analysis, respectively, each with a different starting point, that is, with distinct materials and excerpts. To this end, within the framework of discursive studies, we draw on the concept of the author’s image (Maingueneau, 2006, 2010) to examine the functioning of authorship and the management of Carolina and Conceição’s authorial image, constructing two analytical trajectories based on Maingueneau’s (2007) notion of the “trajectory” as a non-topical unit. Following the analyses, it was possible to observe that the functioning of authorship and the construction and management of an author’s image occur, on the one hand, through the materials and excerpts analyzed by the researcher and, on the other, simultaneously through the authorial work itself as well as through the managers, commentators, and interveners of the work — while the authorship and construction of Carolina Maria de Jesus’s authorial image are currently managed by posthumous interveners, Conceição Evaristo exercises her own active management because she is alive, yet her authorial image is still valued by interveners and commentators, demonstrating that authorship, far from being the exclusive domain of the author, is markedly dynamic and determined by various factors.
Fabricação de implantes intraorbitais via processamento digital de luz (DLP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-09)
Almeida, Ycaro Breno Alves de
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Crovace, Murilo Camuri
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2960564171443068
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6993-6363
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4070307554924095
Several clinical situations require surgeries that reduce the volume of the orbital cavity, making it necessary to replace this volume to preserve the patient's aesthetics. There is still no consensus on the ideal material for this. A promising alternative is the Biosilicate implant, already clinically tested. However, its fabrication by melt-solidification limits the creation of complex shapes. In this context, the digital light process (DLP) emerges as a ceramic additive manufacturing technique that offers high surface quality and dimensional accuracy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to manufacture, in a novel way, intraorbital implants based on Biosilicate using the DLP technique. Biosilicate was successfully obtained and characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. The effects of milling with and without solvent were demonstrated through dilatometric analyses. Sintering can be performed at 950°C without significant foaming, preserving the integrity of the printed structure. With the Biosilicate in hand, the suspension was prepared for DLP printing, aiming for high solids concentration and good stability. Rheological studies with different solids (30, 40, and 50% vol) and dispersant (0.1–5% vol) contents indicated that the formulation with 40% solids and 5% dispersant, although presenting a viscosity slightly above the ideal value, was considered suitable and chosen for printing the intraorbital implants. The implants were successfully printed, resulting in defect-free, gyroid-like parts after the thermal debinding and sintering processes. In vitro bioactivity tests in simulated body fluid (SBF) showed the formation of hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) after only 6 hours of immersion.
Planejamento de roteiros ecoturísticos na Floresta Nacional de Capão Bonito (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-09)
Santos, Mariane Thaís
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Beisiegel, Beatriz de Mello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8143797535693714
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5297-4390
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Lobo, Heros Augusto Santos
This study focuses on public use (PU) and ecotourism in the Capão Bonito Forest (FLONA), with a particular emphasis on planning ecotourism itineraries for the Visitation, Interpretation, and Environmental Education Program in the Conservation Unit (UC). The UC is located in the state of São Paulo (SP) and covers the municipalities of Buri and Capão Bonito. Located in an area of high ecological and sociocultural importance, the study aimed to evaluate potential itineraries and attractions that could contribute to the UC's visitation program. The study sought to diversify ecotourism practices by considering different visitor profiles and demands. Ten itineraries were evaluated based on the attributes and indicators of the List of Visitation Opportunities in Conservation Units (ROVUC) and were classified according to the experience classes suggested by the ROVUC. In conclusion, FLONA has high ecotourism potential, offering diverse experiences aligned with the management zones. A Public Use Plan should be developed to regulate public visitation and integrate conservation, education, and local development.
Relação pessoa-a-pessoa e esperança no aconselhamento em aleitamento materno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-10)
Villas Boas, Allison Scholler de Castro
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Torreglosa, Mariana Ruiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7901190619715613
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5199-7328
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Wernet, Monika
Breastfeeding is one of the fundamental pillars for promoting child and postpartum women's health and should be considered in the agendas of prenatal, perinatal, and child growth and development follow-up care. Breastfeeding counseling emerges as a recommended technology to strengthen this practice. It is structured on a horizontal relationship and dialogue between the professional and the woman/breastfeeding person. Counseling increases breastfeeding rates, strengthens the woman/mother-child bond, contributes to female empowerment, and provides unique care. The counseling professional possesses the ability to welcome, understand, and support the breastfeeding person in the processes involved in the practice. Furthermore, the person always has some expectation regarding the nutritional care of their child. Considering this, this study took as its question 'how are the relationships in breastfeeding counseling characterized, to what extent do they reach subjectivities and establish an interactional process that promotes welcome and hope for women?'. The objectives were to analyze the process of establishing the relationship between postpartum women and nurse breastfeeding counselors in rooming-in, to understand hope in the breastfeeding process from the perspective of women who received breastfeeding counseling, and to analyze the person-to-person relationship between postpartum women and nurses in the context of breastfeeding counseling. This is a cross-sectional, qualitative-interpretative research, supported by Joyce Travelbee's Interpersonal Relation (person-to-person) Theory and Dufault & Martocchio's multidimensional model of hope. Data collection took place from may 2024 to june 2025, through single audio-recorded interviews with four counseling nurses and eleven women who received breastfeeding counseling in the rooming-in facilities of three hospitals affiliated with the Unified Health System, located in Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and Bahia. Thematic analysis, as proposed by Naeem et al. (2023), was adopted for data appraisal, using Atlas.ti® software for information grouping. The analysis enabled the identification of seven themes: 'Child health and development: desire projected onto breastfeeding', 'Practical management of breastfeeding and the maintenance of hope', 'Presence: an advanced competence and the core of counseling', 'Counseling: openness, freedom, and hope', 'Counseling in Rooming-In: intervening factors', 'Counseling: motivation and transcendence', and 'Counseling: importance and recommendations for longitudinal follow-up'. The person's decision to breastfeed is supported by the intended outcomes for the child – better health and life for the child – as well as the creation of unique and lasting bonds. These are hoped-for objects that keep them pursuing breastfeeding and facing its challenges. The relationship with the counselor contributed to the experience of hope in the process. The effective establishment of the person-to-person relationship was mainly determined by the presence demonstrated by the counselor, highlighting her ability to listen and availability to provide support, adjusting the woman's hopes regarding breastfeeding towards something feasible. This depends on an available and attuned presence, which remains in memory and is reactivated in later times when facing breastfeeding challenges. The person-to-person relationship was central to the achievements of counseling, wherein the interactional elements were essential for the relationship to be qualified as dialogical and horizontal. The relational and behavioral characteristics, as well as the personal hope attributes of the professional, reverberated in the woman's lived experience, favoring overcoming the challenges of mothering and breastfeeding, in order to strengthen the woman's hope and autonomy and the success of breastfeeding. Counseling in the rooming-in period reverberates to times after it, given the memory that the person-to-person relationship built and its effects on the cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions of hope. The study endorses breastfeeding counseling as a practice that promotes and protects breastfeeding in the rooming-in context, with the person-to-person relationship and hope-promoting processes at the core of this practice.
Mecanismos de votação ao longo dos anos: panorama internacional desde o voto em papel até o uso de tecnologias blockchain
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-10)
Salmázio, Flávia Caroline Augusto
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Hoffmann, Wanda Aparecida Machado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609135667093837
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4818399009195725
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7965-9358
The analysis of society through technology is part of the framework studied in Science, Technology, and Society. This research analyzes the scientific knowledge produced in theses and dissertations related to electronic voting. The approaches used are quantitative and qualitative, employing the methods of Bibliometrics and Content Analysis. Through a systematic review of specialized literature, 116 theses and dissertations deposited between 2002 and 2022 in academic repositories in Brazil (50), the United States (60), and Romania (6) were selected and examined, based on specific search terms adapted to each context. For each work, institutional data, authorship, supervision, and year of defense were collected, in addition to conducting content analysis. From the analyses, the emergence of blockchain technology was identified as one of the most relevant trends in contemporary discussions on integrity, transparency, and security in electronic voting. Thus, the analysis was deepened for countries that have already adopted this technology in their electoral processes. Romania, in particular, was the subject of a detailed study for presenting a pioneering and normatively structured system for the use of blockchain in elections, considered a reference in the European context. The Romanian experience was examined based on documentary analysis, such as official documents from the country, specialized literature, and based on international parameters of electoral security. The results indicate that, although the use of blockchain is not yet widespread, its refinement and future application to national elections can offer significant guarantees regarding the traceability and inviolability of electoral data. In this sense, further comparative studies and pilot applications in different national contexts are recommended, with a view to building adaptable, transparent, and technologically secure models using blockchain.
O espaço que a obra Frankenstein (1831) ocupa no filme biográfico Mary Shelley (2017): um ato socialmente simbólico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-10)
Santos, Sandra Mendonça Soares dos
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Ferreira, Carla Alexandra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5522506928191940
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2706-5766
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2708948649947470
This dissertation aims to investigate the transcreation of the film Mary Shelley, directed by Haifaa al Mansour and written by Emma Jensen, by considering biographical and literary aspects to examine the space that Mary Shelley's poetics occupies in the cinematic narrative. In the biopic, the filmmaker transcreates the life of the author, suggesting that elements of her experience as a woman in a nineteenth century patriarchal society are represented in the main characters of her novel. Thus, moments from Mary Shelley's life are intertwined with the narrative of Frankenstein. Based on the concept of transcreation proposed by Haroldo de Campos and the sociological criticism developed by Fredric Jameson, this study analyzes how the filmmaker engages with the novel and, through transcreation, what she chooses to omit—since every formal choice is revealing. The filmic reading is, to some extent, semantically expanded, as Jameson (1992) suggests, going beyond the manifested content to reach a more advanced horizon of interpretation that aligns with a feminist critique of the novel. However, other aspects remain unexplored, perhaps due to limitations imposed by the filmmaker’s background or the socio-historical context of her time. Therefore, a deeper analysis of Mary Shelley's life and work will be carried out in order to understand why the filmmaker does not advance to a third horizon of interpretation, and how the consciousness developed by the novelist in the nineteenth century has traveled through time and space to reach a filmmaker who, in many ways, faces the same challenges in the twenty-first century.
Pensar históricamente la terapia ocupacional: trabajo y otras ocupaciones en el Manicomio Departamental de Antioquia, Colombia (c. 1888-1958)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-11)
Duarte Cuervo, Clara Yamile
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Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9572-4586
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7156844598355275
La terapia ocupacional se introdujo como profesión en Colombia en la segunda mitad de la década de 1960. Sin embargo, prácticas previas que incorporaron ocupaciones en el tratamiento de la locura han sido poco estudiadas. Análisis históricos ubican la ocupación de alienados en trabajos y distracciones como una práctica extendida, confluyen en vincular su origen con el tratamiento moral del alienismo europeo y señalan la importancia de considerar factores sociales, políticos, culturales y económicos en su apropiación en contextos particulares. La investigación examina el trabajo y otras ocupaciones en el abordaje de personas internadas en el Manicomio Departamental de Antioquia, en Medellín, Colombia, durante la existencia de esta institución. Se construyó un archivo de fuentes primarias que incluye normativas, informes, literatura científica, prensa, imágenes, historias clínicas y referentes empleados por los médicos. Otros estudios históricos fueron fuentes secundarias. El relato se centra en el uso de ocupaciones en el Manicomio, intentando identificar sus transformaciones y situarlas en el contexto de sus condiciones sociales de producción. El inicio del periodo se ubica alrededor de 1888, cuando la Academia de Medicina de Medellín recomendó disponer condiciones de medio adecuadas para el tratamiento, incluyendo espacios para la ocupación de los enajenados. Se cierra en 1958, en el ámbito de transición entre Manicomio y Hospital Mental, cuando se conformó el Departamento de Ergoterapia. En ese lapso, se identifican tres periodos: en condiciones de medio adecuadas... talleres, huertas y lugares de recreo en la creación del Manicomio (c.1888-1904); ocupación para los enajenados tranquilos (1904-1948), y llegada de la ergoterapia/terapia ocupacional (1948-1958). En el primero, la ocupación de los enajenados se insinúa como parte del tratamiento que ocurrirá por vía del secuestro en un asilo convenientemente diseñado y construido. El tratamiento fusiona elementos de la asistencia caritativa y la atención médica. En el segundo periodo, se instituye la ocupación de los enajenados tranquilos. La ocupación, en particular el trabajo, se mueve entre gran remedio de la locura, medio moral de tratamiento, auxilio para el sostenimiento de la institución y forma de vida en el confinamiento. El tratamiento se estructura conjugando medios físicos y morales, entre estos la ocupación, tomando elementos del alienismo francés. Las teorías degeneracionistas, la creciente exclusión y segregación, el interés médico en el desarrollo de tratamientos biológicos y somáticos, dan espacio para que la ocupación se convierta en modo de vida en el confinamiento. En el tercer periodo, la ocupación se configura como método sistemático de tratamiento psiquiátrico y psicoterápico al que se denomina laborterapia, ergoterapia, terapia o terapéutica ocupacional. Su efectividad se condiciona a una aplicación metódica bajo dirección médica y con él se aspira a apoyar los procesos psicoterápicos, a restablecer la capacidad productiva y las relaciones interpersonales y al autosostenimiento de la institución. Para afirmar su carácter científico, se basa, principalmente, en la terapia ocupacional estadounidense y la terapia activa alemana. Se usa como ocupación preferente el trabajo auténtico, priorizando talleres industriales que semejan las líneas de producción antioqueñas. Esta propuesta, consolidada en el Departamento de Ergoterapia, surge de un nuevo movimiento caritativo y se desenvuelve en un contexto de transición impulsado por la cooperación internacional de la posguerra mundial. La ergoterapia fue clave en la legitimación de la institución y del saber médico-psiquiátrico en el tratamiento de la enfermedad mental, lo que habría postergado la llegada a Colombia de la terapia ocupacional como profesión.
Genialidade quilombola: os ramais de resistência no Maranhão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-11)
Oliveira, Ana Paula Silva
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Furtado, Marivânia Leonor Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3275591203804166
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Vale, Maíra Cavalcanti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2878356317160492
In this ethnographic research I seek to understand, from a decolonial approach, the strategies of resistance and struggle of the quilombola community Ramal de Quindiua, in the face of the construction of the Ponte Antônio Jorge Dino complex and the MA-211 road, located in the municipality of Bequimão, Baixada Maranhense region. Such strategies will be proven based on multi-sited ethnography, which made it possible to construct analyzes at different times to see the impacts of the enterprise over the four years of carrying out this research (Marcus, 1994). Throughout the research, the “Ramais de Resistências” that connect throughout all the quilombola territories in the municipality of Bequimão and that have been strengthened by the political articulation of the Quilombola Movement of Bequimão (MOQBEQ) (Sousa, 2018), were a catalyst for analyzing the quilombola solidarity that was presented during the fieldwork. Adding to the fight for the definitive title of quilombola territories in the state of Maranhão, the quilombola territory of Ramal de Quindiua, the empirical field of this doctoral research, I use the countercolonial theories of Antônio Bispo dos Santos (2023) and Beatriz Nascimento (1985), to discuss the concepts of “confluences” and “body-territory” in the search to reflect and understand the realities lived within the territory-body. Based on the history, ways of life and knowledge of this community, I analyze how the notion of good living was constructed within the quilombola territory Ramal de Quindiua through the concept of “quilombola genius”. This notion helps us understand how ancestral resistance strategies of quilombola communities have ensured their existence since the Brazilian slavery period. If the ancestral struggle was guided by the search for places to live in freedom, today it is updated by the struggle to exist as subjects of rights in their territories in the face of the effects of state enterprises that make quilombola communities vulnerable. This is the case with the construction of the bridge over the Pericumã river and the paving of the MA-211 road. The way in which the Antônio Jorge Dino bridge (also known as Central/Bequimão) and the MA-211 were built highlights the environmental racism perpetrated by the State itself, since no public consultation was carried out before starting the work within the quilombola territory Ramal de Quindiua.
Transformações urbanas no centro de São Paulo: análise do uso do solo e ocupação urbana na região da Sé
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-12)
Barros, Betina Lourenço de
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Miyasaka, Elza Luli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8353923902800804
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4480-9672
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5992608244871027
This study conducted an analysis of the urban situation in the central region of São Paulo, focusing on the Subprefecture of Sé. The research aimed to understand patterns of land use, dynamics of occupation, and the impacts of structural and socio-spatial changes that have shaped São Paulo’s urban centrality. A qualitative and exploratory approach was adopted, based on direct field observation, photographic records, and georeferencing. This methodology made it possible to capture concrete forms of urban space appropriation through indicators such as the presence of urban voids, commercial activities, formal and informal occupations, and police presence. Data analysis was supported by a bibliographic review on land use, centrality, gentrification, verticalization, and socio-spatial inequality. The results showed that, even in areas with infrastructure, unoccupied or underutilized buildings persisted, reflecting the speculative logic of the real estate market. In addition, the study identified that the region concentrated one of the largest homeless populations in the city, revealing the contradictions between urban valorization and social exclusion. Thus, the study offered a critical reading of the transformations of the downtown area, highlighting conflicts and disputes that have characterized this constantly reorganized space.
O Livro de Jó na literarura brasileira: reflexões sobre resas do Diabo de Wenceslau de Queiroz
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-15)
Santos, Petronio Matias dos
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Rodrigues, Raquel Terezinha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2468134516070432
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5221190118638342
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Ferreira, Carla Alexandra
This dissertation presents a critical reading of Rezas do Diabo (1939), by Wenceslau de Queiroz (1863–1921), by articulating elements of Brazilian Symbolism, the decadentist tradition, and literary Satanism, while also examining the critical reception of the text. It is based on the hypothesis that Rezas do Diabo represents a kind of rewriting of the Book of Job from the biblical tradition, inverting its spiritual logic and producing a “bible in reverse.” The main objective of this study is to recover and critically analyze Queiroz’s poetic work, placing it within the context of Brazilian Symbolist literature and investigating its critical reception over time. To this end, the research outlines a historical and conceptual panorama of Symbolism, from its origins in France—with authors such as Charles Baudelaire and the philosophical influences of Schopenhauer, Swedenborg, and Eduard von Hartmann—to its reception in Brazil. The study discusses how Symbolism incorporated elements of religious mysticism and Satanism as forms of critique against modern rationality, scientism, and bourgeois morality. Brazilian authors such as Cruz e Sousa, Alphonsus de Guimaraens, and Augusto dos Anjos are also highlighted throughout the analysis. As the study advances toward the work of Wenceslau de Queiroz, it seeks to recover biographical aspects, forgotten works, and pseudonyms used by the author, as well as his role as critic, professor, and writer. Focusing especially on Rezas do Diabo, the dissertation proposes a revaluation of the work through a critical reading that highlights its originality and aesthetic boldness. Ultimately, it aims to demonstrate how the book dialogues with the Faustian myth and subverts the traditional biblical narrative, employing resources such as synesthesia, allegory, and the grotesque to construct a provocative poetics. The final aim is to reaffirm Wenceslau de Queiroz’s relevance in Brazilian literature, positioning his work as an example of aesthetic resistance and questioning of religious, moral, and literary conventions.
Avaliação do impacto da forma, textura e campo receptivo na segmentação de vasos sanguíneos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-15)
Silva, Weslley dos Santos
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Comin, Cesar Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9563440403120931
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1207-4982
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9350913025137253
Blood vessel segmentation in medical images is a crucial step for the diagnosis of a wide range of pathologies, but it presents unique challenges due to the complexity and variability of the structures involved. Moreover, the lack of interpretability of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) represents a significant barrier to clinical adoption, as it complicates model debugging, limits design improvements, and can reduce diagnostic confidence. In this study, we conducted systematic experiments to separately evaluate the contributions of shape, texture, and receptive field to the performance of CNNs in blood vessel segmentation. First, to assess the role of texture and pixel intensity, these features were selectively removed from image patches using pixel shuffling and normalization. Next, to isolate the influence of shape, segmentation models were trained using only the vessels’ outer contours or centerlines as input, thereby removing internal texture information. Finally, we investigated the amount of context required for robust segmentation by systematically varying the network’s theoretical receptive field. We found that, although pixel intensity is more relevant than vessel texture, CNNs can still maintain high performance even in the absence of both features. In addition, the networks are not able to easily extrapolate the full vessel shape when provided only with contours or centerlines as input. Finally, we observed that the effective receptive field used by the networks is approximately 20 pixels in the datasets employed, although global information can lead to a slight improvement in accuracy for fundus images.
Dor crônica musculoesquelética e fatores associados em docentes universitários brasileiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-16)
Pinto, Mônica Jordão de Souza
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Hortense, Priscilla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2877373025374516
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7153278628783234
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0144-6680
Caracterização da criação de abelhas como subsídio para políticas públicas voltadas ao desenvolvimento da meliponicultura e apicultura em Araçoiaba da Serra, Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-16)
Manrique, Allas Henrique Haro
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Silva, Elaine Cristina Mathias da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3993998796939609
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-2765
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Toppa, Rogério Hartung
Considering the importance of bees in their ecosystem services, it is understood that a fundamental process for the conservation of the biodiversity of these insects is rational breeding in line with public policies that subsidize breeders with different realities. To this end, recognizing the actors involved in the activity and their other characteristics is essential to know which paths to follow. In this sense, we sought to characterize local meliponiculture and beekeeping, aiming to identify the profile and aspects of bee breeding in the city of Araçoiaba da Serra, state of São Paulo, in order to support public policies that promote the development of the activity, based on bee conservation. To obtain the data, a semi-structured online questionnaire was used in the Google Forms® tool, widely disseminated digitally, and answered in person, obtaining 35 respondent breeders. The responses obtained were organized, tabulated, and analyzed using Microsoft Excel software, seeking qualitative and quantitative analysis. Jamovi software was used for statistical analysis between variables. It was identified that meliponiculture practitioners have independent activities, seeking help from their neighbors, while beekeepers are organized into a regional cooperative and need local instruments that contribute to better conditions for selling their products. The activity is practiced mainly for conservation and as a hobby, without technical support for improvements in management. This study contributed to obtaining data on the characterization of bee farming in the municipality of Araçoiaba da Serra, in the state of São Paulo, so that public authorities can recognize the actors involved in the activity and thus establish public environmental policies focused on the topic.
Fotodegradação no UV-C e fotoestabilização em polímeros utilizados na indústria médico-hospitalar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-17)
Gimenez, Jessica Caroline Ferreira
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Homem, Manoel Gustavo Petrucelli
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Helal, Emna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2059356773212608
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6640-664X
The cross-contamination concerns that came to light during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2019 emerged the use of UV-C germicidal lamps. However, despite its proven efficiency against pathogens, UV-C light promotes damage in materials such as polymers. While there is extensive literature on polymer photodegradation under UV-A and UV-B, studies on UV-C remain scarce. This gap formed the basis of the present work, which aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of UV-C effects on polypropylene (PP), a commodity polymer used in syringes, and poly(ether sulfone) (PESU), a high-performance polymer used in medical structural equipment, as well as to evaluate strategies for their photostabilization. Our findings reveal that PP became unstable during rheological measurements, displaying an unusual increase in the complex viscosity. 1H Time Domain NMR indicated that UV-C favors branching reactions over crosslinking. A Design of Experiment was employed to determine optimal PP photostabilization when combining titanium dioxide (TiO2) with few-layer graphene (FLG) or Irganox B215 (B215). Electron Paramagnetic Resonance showed that incorporating radical scavengers with TiO2 reduced hydroxyl formation by ~30% for the FLG mixture and ~25% for the B215 mixture. The study also compared continuous and cyclic UV-C exposure modes in PESU. Tensile tests demonstrated that even 1 hour of UV-C exposure significantly reduced PESU’s mechanical performance. Infrared, XPS, and rheological analysis revealed more pronounced changes in samples under cyclic exposure. Finally, PESU/FLG and PESU/graphene oxide (GO) were exposed under UV-C irradiation. Infrared results showed that FLG mitigated hydroxyl formation, while GO composites had a minimal effect. Tensile tests revealed that UV-C considerably increased the Young’s Modulus. This work provides remarkable findings into UV-C photodegradation and photostabilization of PP and PESU, highlighting subtle differences in the degradation mechanisms induced by UV-C and presenting strategies for photoprotection.
A pseudorrevolução da Reforma do Ensino Médio e suas implicações na rede pública do Distrito Federal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-18)
Nascimento, Juvenilto Soares
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Nosella, Paolo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7159165045266256
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6272-9073
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3029628080521084
The objective of this research is to investigate the implications of the High School Reform (Law nº 13,415/2017) for public schools in the Federal Distrito (Brazil) educational network, based on the expressed diagnosis and intentions presented to justify it. To this end, both a documental and an empirical study were conducted in schools within the DF education system. The documentary research involved the analysis and comparison of the Statement of Justification nº 084/2016 and Law nº 13,417/2017. During the empirical research, in the second half of 2023, 14 questionnaires – comprising open and closed questions – were administered to principals of public high schools, with one school chosen per Regional Education Coordination (CRE). The research is oriented by dialectical historical materialism, with analyses advanced through the theoretical contributions of Gramsci. Stemming from an opportunistic move by hegemonic groups to maintain educational inequalities, the Reform imposes earlier professionalization and a retention function on the formal education of the poorest youth, while promoting the advance of privatization, thus operating a kind of hybridization in the administrative nature of public education. The documentary analysis highlights that the Secondary Education Reform of the Temer administration presents a partial diagnosis of this educational level in Brazil, while offering propositions that oscillate between incongruent and insufficient, failing to address concrete structural problems but reinforcing duality and deepening inequalities. Among the results of the empirical research in the Federal Distrito education network, the devastating impact on general basic education, compromising the education of the poorest youth, is evident. Further findings include the precarious and insufficient offering of professional training pathways, despite the fetishism promoted around them, and the lack of critical discussion about the Reform's privatization among the surveyed principals. None of the principals believed that the New Secondary Education was the best version for their students' needs, while 3 (21%) thought the previous model was better. However, 11 (79%) of these principals recognize the need for a new model, one that goes beyond the last two. While 6 of them signaled satisfaction with a model that would merely "reform the Reform," 5 expressed a longing for a model marked by qualities that point toward the unitary school: 1) guided by the political decision to genuinely prioritize education; 2) with sufficient investment; 3) offering equal conditions and opportunities for all; 4) developed through the effective participation of teachers; and 5) willing to address concrete needs. It is, therefore, imperative that a new policy be implemented, one grounded in the concrete needs of young people, wich moves towards unitary education, providing a broad and humanista formation for all students, in order to overcome the historical duality and foster, among others things, the democratization of the training of future leaders.
Triplet spin delocalization and temperature dependence for adiabatic and non-adiabatic Z−E isomerization pathways in azoarenes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-18)
Martins, Francisco Antonio
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Viesser, Renan Vidal
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Schober, Joao Vitor
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Herges, Rainer
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Wu, Judy I-Chia
Photoswitching molecules like the azoarenes have myriad potential applications ranging from energy storage to targeted drug delivery. Upon irradiation, azoarenes convert from an E-form to a Z-form. The Z-form can thermally revert to the E-form through a classical-adiabatic or a triplet-assisted rotational mechanism. We show that strategic placements of heteroatoms and substituents can modulate spin delocalization in the triplet state, thereby tuning the S0–T1–S0 crossing points. Increased spin delocalization lowers the crossing point and shortens the thermal half-life of the Z-form. Computed spin densities at the diazo N atoms, along with computed S0–T1–S0 crossing points, activation entropies, and rate constants for 15 azoarenes are compared with available experimental data. There is evidence that some of the studied Z–E isomerizations proceed simultaneously via a classical-adiabatic and a triplet-assisted mechanism. The ratio of the two reaction pathways is temperature-dependent. Triplet spin density at the diazo N atoms is recognized as a useful indicator for predicting the thermal half-lives of these species.
Estrutura para apoiar a decisão de alocação de recursos integrando critérios de vulnerabilidade em comunidades carentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-09-19)
Dorado, Luis Alberto Araujo
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Vieira, José Geraldo Vidal
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2068340476477363
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5913-2652
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7701644218436964
This dissertation addresses the challenge of allocating resources to underserved communities, recognizing the structural complexity that characterizes these territories, marked by interdependent social, economic, and environmental inequalities. Given this reality, the central objective of the study was to propose a framework to support resource allocation decisions that integrates vulnerability criteria in underserved communities. The methodological approach involved identifying and selecting indicators through a systematic literature review and the use of secondary databases, culminating in the construction of a Composite Vulnerability Index (CVI). These indicators were weighted using the Swing Weighting (SW) method, enabling their aggregation into a single metric. The data were then spatialized in a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment, used as a comparative visualization tool across the analyzed regions. Subsequently, the IVC was incorporated as a criterion in the multi-criteria decision model, developed using the Multi-Attribute Value Theory (MAVT) approach and operationalized in the VISA software, which also integrated intervention costs and preferences for public resource categories. These preferences were defined based on an interview with a decision-maker responsible for Social Assistance Reference Centers (CRAS). Based on this, a case study was conducted in the municipality of Sorocaba, São Paulo. The results demonstrate that the proposed framework is capable of synthesizing multiple dimensions of vulnerability and supporting decision-making based on transparent and territorially informed criteria. Although the IVC identified regions such as Ipiranga, Vila Helena, and Laranjeiras as the most vulnerable territories, the decision-making stage with MCDA prioritized Laranjeiras, Ipiranga, and João Romão, demonstrating partial convergence between the technical indicators and the final prioritization of the areas. Limitations include the difficulty of standardizing indicators in per capita terms and restrictions associated with terminology to characterize underserved communities, in addition to the limited perspective of a single decision-maker. These limitations point to avenues for future research, including the use of more granular primary data and increased community participation in defining criteria and weights.