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Satisfação e padrão de sangramento de mulheres férteis em situação de vulnerabilidade usuárias do implante de etonogestrel e uma reflexão sobre a importância da iniciação científica na formação médica de uma estudante de medicina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-29)
Petrocheli, Bruna Beatriz
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Nasser, Michel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1629054550833348
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3087-9784
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3083360352564648
In a context where more than half of pregnancies in Brazil are unplanned—a recognized public health issue—and considering that women in situations of vulnerability are more susceptible to the negative impacts of such events, the adoption of contraceptive methods that align with the realities of this group is an important strategy to prevent further increases in these numbers and to mitigate the complications of a potential high-risk pregnancy. This project aims to evaluate the satisfaction level and bleeding patterns among users of the etonogestrel implant in a municipality in the interior of São Paulo state. The study has an observational, cross sectional, descriptive/quantitative design and targets women of reproductive age in vulnerable situations who have been using the method for at least three months. The most prevalent age group was 26–35 years (39.6%), and the majority of participants self-identified as mixed race or white (93%). Most women had previously used some form of contraception (79%), with combined oral contraceptives and the quarterly injectable being the most common. Satisfaction with the method was considered high (64.9% reported being very satisfied), with the main positive aspects being its efficacy (71.9%) and convenience (64.9%). Bleeding patterns between 3 and 6 months of use were predominantly unfavorable (57.2%), but tended to improve to a favorable pattern (77.8%) after 12 months. Thus, the etonogestrel implant proved to be a well-accepted contraceptive method with notable advantages among women in vulnerable situations, reinforcing the importance of its availability for this population and the need to expand access to it as a contraceptive option within the public healthcare system.
Projeto de rede de transporte público urbano: uma abordagem baseada em otimização multiobjetivo da infraestrutura prioritária e eletrificação de frota de ônibus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-29)
Borchers, Tatiane
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Fernandes, Ricardo Augusto Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0880243208789454
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5093971220777490
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0186-6661
In the context of the climate emergency, where cities have a significant impact on greenhouse gas emissions, the transport sector is one of the main contributors to both emissions and the depletion of non-renewable resources. This thesis presents an analysis of the impact of integrating sustainability strategies into bus public transport systems to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2), particulate matter (PM), and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. The modelling approach considered the perspectives of passengers, operators, and the community within the transport planning process, while simultaneously addressing environmental, economic, and social sustainability aspects. A multi-objective optimisation model was developed for the Urban Transport Network Design Problem, whose decision variables were the implementation of exclusive bus lanes and the electrification of bus fleets. The objective functions aimed to minimise the construction, acquisition, maintenance, and operation costs, as well as the construction and operational emissions of a bus public transport system. The European Environment Agency's model was used for the emission modelling formulation; it takes into account the technology and category of the vehicles and their operating speed, the latter being a linking parameter between the two decision variables. To solve the mathematical model, the metaheuristic NSGA-II (Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II) was employed, which was applied to the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The case study was defined based on a qualitative analysis of principles and an investigation of the availability of open data in Brazilian state capitals. The results indicated that the strategies proposed are capable of improving the quality of public transport systems by reducing CO2, PM and NOx emissions. The scenario analysis demonstrated that when the measures were applied jointly, using overnight and opportunity charging during the day, the costs, although high, yielded greater environmental and social benefits for passengers and the community, with reductions in operational emissions compared to the baseline scenario of approximately 39.1 to 57.8% for CO₂, 92.9 to 94.9% for PM, and 86.3 to 90.5% for NOx. As contributions, this thesis sought to overcome the gap between mathematical complexity and application complexity by using an emission model dependent on bus technology, category, and operating speed, and by applying it to a large-scale network.
Multi-pathology segmentation in lumbar spine MRI: a comparative deep learning approach
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-29)
Leite Junior, Claudio Luiz
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Almeida Junior, Jurandy Gomes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4495269939725770
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4998-6996
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8623721713277640
Low back pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the lumbar spine is fundamental for its diagnosis. However, the manual analysis of these images is a time-consuming and subjective process, and existing computational methods are often limited to a single pathology or rely on complex, multi-stage pipelines. A central challenge, not yet fully addressed, is the simultaneous occurrence of multiple pathologies in the same anatomical structure—a common clinical scenario that current models fail to model effectively. This dissertation addresses this gap by proposing and validating a robust methodology for the automated segmentation of multiple co-existing pathologies in lumbar intervertebral discs. The work was structured in two complementary phases. The first established the methodological underpinnings of this research. It consisted of a rigorous empirical study evaluating five deep learning architectures and four loss functions to determine the most effective approaches for the fundamental task of segmenting the vertebrae and intervertebral discs. This step ensured that the subsequent investigation into pathologies was built upon a robust and validated base. The second phase, the main contribution of this work, systematically investigated three distinct strategies for multi-pathology segmentation: (i) binary class segmentation, a baseline that treats each pathology independently; (ii) multi-class segmentation, mapping 70 disease combinations to unique classes (non-overlapping masks); and (iii) multi-label segmentation, which uses binary channels to explicitly model the coexistence of multiple diagnoses (overlapping masks). Our results, derived from over 200 training pipelines, demonstrate that the multi-label approach, especially when implemented with the V-Net and Swin UNETR architectures, achieves diagnostic accuracy comparable to the baseline while offering significantly superior computational efficiency. By developing a unified framework that integrates the precise spatial localization of symptomatic areas with the classification of multiple concurrent diseases, this work establishes a practical and efficient guideline for future research and clinical applications in the automated diagnosis of spinal pathologies.
Hipotermia moderada como estratégia para aumentar a criotolerância do embrião bovino produzido in vitro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-29)
Chiaratti, Marcos Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0392078007500289
Estratégias de operacionalização de uma linha de cuidado para pessoas em uso de substâncias psicoativas no contexto da rede de atenção psicossocial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-30)
Paula, Francisca Mechi Ribeiro dos Santos de
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Fioroni, Luciana Nogueira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086810053892035
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123076889155958
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Hasse, Mariana
This dialogical and interpretative study aimed to collectively construct strategies for the operationalization of a care pathway for people with harmful use of psychoactive substances. The research was conducted in a health region of the state of São Paulo, composed of six small municipalities (up to 70,000 inhabitants). It was developed in three stages: (i) data collection from the National Registry of Health Establishments and the Demographic Census to map the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS) facilities and population by municipality; (ii) exploratory interviews with the Regional Health Department and local managers, carried out through an electronic form in five municipalities; (iii) six workshops with 17 professionals from the Unified Health System (SUS), including representatives from the Regional Health Department and participating municipalities, using elements of strategic health planning with a dialogical and reflective approach, in hybrid format (in-person and remote). Data were recorded manually, through audio recordings and photographic records, forming unique field diaries. The analysis of the first stage enabled the description and mapping of the local care network, while the analysis of interviews and workshops focused on two main axes: the group process developed in the workshops and the final product, represented by the agreed proposal of operational strategies for the care pathway targeting people with harmful use of psychoactive substances. The proposed care pathway considered the Psychosocial Care Model, the Harm Reduction approach, and especially the specificities of the municipalities, in which primary care (with multiprofessional teams) predominates, and 4 out of 6 municipalities only have CAPS I services. These factors posed challenges to structuring a singularized care pathway. The results highlighted the articulation between technical-scientific knowledge and collective production as a strategy to strengthen the intermunicipal network, in addition to incorporating best evidence in mental health related to management, training, and care in this context. Scenarios of institutional and structural violence reproduction were also identified, as well as weaknesses in psychosocial and interprofessional care, alongside the predominance of practices centered on medicalization and institutionalization through hospitalization—factors that reinforce user marginalization and vulnerability. As the final product of the workshops, a singularized proposal for the operationalization of the psychoactive substances care pathway was agreed upon, collectively constructed and oriented to the regional reality of small municipalities, culminating in the elaboration of two technical manuals with guidelines for its implementation. It can be concluded that the critical success factors lie in the collective and dialogical strategy for planning a singularized care pathway, in articulating care management with continuing education, in ensuring the technical-scientific validity of practices, and in assuming an emancipatory ethical-political guideline.
Síntese de nanopartículas para entrega direcionada de 5-fluorouracil no tratamento do câncer colorretal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-30)
Sanchez, Ana Laura Moreno Martins
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Pranchevicius, Maria Cristina da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4772148921558977
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Rodero, Camila Fernanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6440605753770482
: Colorectal cancer is the second most lethal, surpassed only by lung cancer. In Brazil, the number of cases is expected to increase over the next three years, with women being the most affected. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most used drugs for colorectal cancer treatment, but it causes numerous side effects. To overcome these limitations, one innovative strategy is the use of controlled release systems. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymeric nanoparticles are among the most employed systems for this purpose due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. Three different synthesis methods were used to obtain the nanoparticles (NPs): nanoprecipitation, single emulsion, and double emulsion. The results demonstrated that the synthesis methodologies employed were suitable for producing nanoparticles with sizes below 300 nm, PDI lower than 0.2, and a negative zeta potential around -30 mV, with SEM images showing spherical shapes. Furthermore, 5-FU suggests a controlled and efficient release, and with the double emulsion technique, an encapsulation efficiency of 71.4% was achieved. FTIR analysis showed that the incorporation of 5-FU did not cause significant changes in the functional groups of PLGA, indicating preservation of the carrier’s chemical structure. Additionally, the NPs were not cytotoxic to CACO-2 cells in the absence of the drug, demonstrating good biocompatibility, and confocal microscopy indicated that most nanoparticles were internalized. Therefore, it is expected that 5-FU-loaded nanoparticles may improve drug efficacy and targeting, contributing to the development of alternative therapies against colorectal cancer.
Análise bibliométrica da produção científica brasileira sobre suicídio: um estudo nas bases de dados Scopus e OpenAlex
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-30)
Zanin, Alda de Cássia
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Cangiani, Maria Laura Machado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5263317427243364
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https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8095-7835
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Faria, Leandro Innocentini Lopes de
This research analyzed Brazilian scientific production on suicide, aiming to understand its academic approach and identify relevant trends, authors, institutions, journals, and thematic areas. To this end, a quantitative bibliometric research methodology was adopted, using bibliographic data from the Scopus and OpenAlex databases, processed by the VOSviewer and Biblioshiny tools to construct indicators of production, citation, and linkage. The results revealed significant growth in publications from 2010 onwards, especially between 2020 and 2021, with an emphasis on mental health, social vulnerability, and clinical-epidemiological studies. International cooperation is noteworthy, particularly with the United States, the United Kingdom, Portugal, and Canada. Among the most productive authors are Flávio Kapczinski, Neury Botega, Antonio Egídio Nardi, Maria Cecília Minayo, Karen Jansen, and Humberto Correa, and among the most frequently cited journals are Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, and Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria. The University of São Paulo leads the production, followed by other reference institutions, and the central areas of publication focus on Medicine, Psychology, Psychiatry, and Sociology, confirming the interdisciplinary nature of the topic. It was concluded that national research emphasizes mental disorders, vulnerable groups, social and environmental factors, epidemiological contexts, and manifestations of suicidal behavior, highlighting the relationship between psychological suffering, suicide risk, and impact on work. The study evidenced the need for responsible communication about suicide, grounded in scientific rigor and neutral language, in order to support health professionals, communicators, and managers in prevention and in strengthening support networks, such as the Center for Life Appreciation (CVV). Furthermore, it demonstrated the relevance of bibliometrics for Library and Information Science, by applying its tools to the analysis of a sensitive topic, and pointed to the importance of future qualitative research integrating mental health, communication, and information management, expanding support for the formulation of more effective public policies.
Indicadores ambientais, sociais e de governança em confinamentos de bovinos de corte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-30)
Bertho, Raul
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Batalha, Mario Otávio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2711-3358
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1153394643164228
The growing demand for food has pressured the beef sector to improve production efficiency. Intensive production systems, such as feedlots, have been increasingly adopted to meet this expanding demand. Brazil is a global leader in this strategy and currently the world’s largest beef exporter. However, the sector faces growing challenges in producing sustainably, including meeting the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Despite progress, gaps remain regarding the standardization and use of sustainability indicators that adequately reflect environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance in beef production systems. This study aims to develop and empirically validate a set of indicators to measure ESG level in beef cattle feedlot systems. The methodology comprised three stages: (1) development of an indicator model based on a systematic literature review of ESG indicators applicable to livestock systems; (2) validation of the model using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with a panel of experts from the beef supply chain; and (3) field application for empirical assessment of the model in small-, medium-, and large-scale feedlots. Fifteen relevant ESG themes were identified, weighted through AHP, and organized into indicators. Governance was considered the most important dimension by experts (42.6%), followed by environmental (36.1%) and social aspects (21.3%). Field results showed that large-scale operations achieved the highest overall ESG compliance (average score 9.03/10), followed by medium (7.67) and small operations (5.75). In governance, large producers scored 9.5, indicating strong organizational structure, well-defined decision-making processes, and effective control mechanisms. Environmental performance was lowest among large producers (8.44), while the social dimension had the lowest overall compliance, particularly in small feedlots (5.17). Medium producers performed best socially (8.02), reflecting greater attention to employee well-being. GHG emissions showed low compliance across all groups (20–40%), indicating common challenges in climate impact mitigation. Animal welfare, however, was widely met with high compliance across all categories. The developed model provides a practical tool for producers to manage ESG performance, assists slaughterhouses in supplier evaluation and incentive programs, and offers a foundation for public policies and regulations, fostering sustainable practices throughout the beef supply chain.
Modelagem do processo de eutrofização em um reservatório de clima tropical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-30)
Oliveira, Michele Araujo de
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Saraiva, Augusto Cesar Fonseca Saraiva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7466500214796269
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https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1712-8331
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Tundisi, Jose Galizia
This study proposes the development of a new Trophic State Index (TSI) model for tropical environments, using the Tucuruí Hydroelectric Power Plant reservoir as a reference point, based on 14 years of data (2003–2016). To provide analytical validation of these results, two sampling campaigns were conducted during the rainy and dry seasons (March 2022 and October 2023). The Mann–Whitney test was applied to five sampling stations using as variables: total phosphorus, total pigments, and water transparency, along with the TSI defined by Lamparelli, to assess its effectiveness in determining the trophic status of the reservoir. Statistical analyses were performed at eight sampling stations distributed across all areas of the reservoir. Analyses covered both rainy and dry seasons and included the Shapiro–Wilk test for normality; Student’s t-test for normally distributed variables; and the Mann–Whitney test for non-normal variables. Relationships between variables were evaluated using simple linear regression with logarithmic transformation, and homoscedasticity and independence of residuals were assessed using the Breusch–Pagan and Durbin–Watson tests. A 5% significance level was adopted. Ordinary Kriging was also employed for spatial interpolation. The results of the analytical validation indicated that the medians and ranges observed in the samples collected in 2022 and 2023 fall within historical limits for all variables analyzed. A new TSI’ was developed, better suited to the reservoir’s conditions through the use of magnesium and total pigments as key variables. Ordinary Kriging enabled effective interpolation of the new index, confirming—across different seasonal periods—an appropriate trophic classification of the reservoir.
Trajetória acadêmica e experiência de uma estudante estrangeira no curso de medicina no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-30)
Marcano, Oriana Alejandra Millan
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Gonçalves, Flávia Gomes Pileggi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1589583891141315
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8871-4208
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5160328539335384
This Undergraduate Thesis seeks to encompass the author’s experience and personal development journey, as well as her professional growth, as a foreign student throughout the Medical program at the Federal University of São Carlos. It addresses the experiences, challenges, learning processes, progress, and achievements acquired over the six years of training. The narrative also explores and integrates themes such as social diversity, cultural adaptation and its challenges, the vulnerability of international students, and the construction of professional identity within the medical field. The study highlights the complexity of international students’ experiences regarding cultural adjustment, as well as the obstacles faced during medical training. It further concludes that the Federal University of São Carlos offers a program with teaching approaches and learning environments that are well suited to preparing qualified professionals, combining solid theoretical and practical knowledge with strong skills in providing humanized patient care.
Percepção e vivência da humanização na prática médica: relatos de uma graduação em medicina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-30)
Montenegro, Carolina Perez
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Valete, Cristina Ortiz Sobrinho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3246791895201559
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6925-4346
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0812226689285171
Humanization in healthcare aims to preserve the human dignity of those receiving care, reaffirming their rights and responsibilities while upholding the integrity of the physician–patient relationship. Recently, humanized care was incorporated into Brazil’s Organic Health Law, emphasizing the need for medical education to focus on this essential aspect of healthcare. This undergraduate work reflects the journey of a medical student at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) and is organized into critical and reflective narratives about experiences lived during professional practice throughout medical training. These narratives encourage reflection on the concept of humanization in healthcare, highlighting the importance of empathy in the physician–patient relationship, the recognition of each individual’s dignity, and the need for compassion and respect. The second part of this work presents the student’s Scientific Initiation research, which investigated healthcare professionals’ perception of pain in newborns, aiming to improve and humanize the care provided to this vulnerable population. Thus, this work emphasizes the relevance of the concept of humanization in medical education as a foundation for comprehensive and truly humane care.
Relato de experiência de intercâmbio internacional: uma narrativa comparativa entre as percepções sobre as práticas de cuidado neonatal no brasil e no chile
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-30)
Nascimento, Miriã
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Rocha, Sheyla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4784568943530426
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1926-4439
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6461749572413410
This Final Course Project consists of a critical-reflective narrative that aims to correlate the account of an international experience carried out at the Pontifical Catholic University (UC) of Chile, located in the city of Santiago, with the account of experiences in medical practices for neonatal care during the medical internship at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). The narrative proposes to compare Chilean neonatal care practices with Brazilian practices from a critical-reflective perspective. To this end, the text will be based on an experience report, with a descriptive approach detailing the activities carried out in the exchange program and in the pediatrics internship at UFSCar, analyzing topics relevant to the field of neonatology and highlighting the importance of international experience in the learning process.
Padrões de escolha de indivíduos diagnosticados com TEA e suas correlações com o conceito de autocontrole e alocação de recursos: uma análise por meio do Jogo da Partilha
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-30)
Lopes, Gabriela Esteves
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Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6150-1074
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6044594745805823
Economic games have been useful as experimental models of complex social interaction situations. Psychologists interested in the phenomenon of generosity have used economic games to study decision-making processes and resource allocation. This study aimed to evaluate whether it is possible to identify a choice pattern, through the Sharing Game, in individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and whether such choices are affected by contextual variables such as the distributor's gender and the amount of money. Two experiments involving repeated trials were conducted with four participants diagnosed with ASD, where they made choices to distribute resources between two identical plush toys. The study also allowed us to observe, through the participants' exposure to self-control situations presented after the application of the Sharing Game, whether it is possible to indicate a relationship between impulsive or self-controlled behavior and the choice pattern presented in the Sharing Game. The results obtained indicate a predominance of optimized and egalitarian choices on the part of female participants and a greater number of competitive and altruistic choices on the part of male participants. Furthermore, a relationship between choices and impulsivity can be observed.
Dados públicos sobre altas habilidades ou superdotação em sites de secretarias de educação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-30)
Silva, Amanda karine da
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Rangni, Rosemeire de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6399149504309769
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-9745
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1469602782595161
Law No. 12,527/2011 (Access to Information Law, LAI) assigns public agencies the duty to provide, in order to ensure the right of all, access to information of particular, collective, or general interest provided within the time frame established by law and, under penalty of liability with the exception of information whose confidentiality is essential to get society and the State safe. The growing use of digitization, especially through the internet, it is expected that essential information are available. With this in mind, gifted students are part of Special Education and are entitled to identification and care guaranteed by Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional. Thus, this research aims to verify whether there is access to educational information and legal documents related to gifted students on the websites of the Departments of Education of the municipalities of São Carlos Region Education Board, located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Specific objectives include: a) Identifying what data regarding gifted students and official documents are available on the websites surveyed; b) Investigating whether there are any initiatives for providing specialized educational services to those students advertised on the portals; c) Verifying whether the “Contact Us” services of the websites are responding to the information requested or if they are not found accessible on the portals; and d) Informing the Departments of Education if the required information is inaccessible. The research is Exploratory and Documentary. The municipalities covered by the Board of Education are: Corumbataí, Descalvado, Dourado, Ibaté, Itirapina, Ribeirão Bonito, and São Carlos. The results obtained are: i) only the municipality of Descalvado has specific legislation aimed to gifted students while the others ones deal with the topic of the documents that mention Special Education in a generic way; ii) no specific actions or programs aimed at providing specialized educational services to this population were identified; iii) regarding passive transparency, only Descalvado, Ibaté, and São Carlos responded to requests via E-SIC; iv) attempts to contact municipalities by email and telephone proved ineffective; and e) the lack of transparency among municipalities belonging to the São Carlos Education Board highlights the need to comply with the LAI, and it can be inferred, the further research may include other municipalities. As a result of these findings, the education departaments inaccessible will be notified of the results.
Trajetória acadêmica e experiências de uma estudante de medicina na UFSCar: vivência de uma estudante tímida experienciando a metodologia ativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Jesus, Beatriz de
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Rocha, Sheyla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4784568943530426
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1926-4439
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9071262589010813
This paper is an experience report on the academic trajectory in the Medicine course at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), which began in 2020. The training started under the challenging context of the COVID-19 pandemic, requiring initial adaptation to Non-Presential Teaching (ENPE). The UFSCar curricular structure utilizes the constructivist spiral methodology, which prioritizes the construction of knowledge, critical thinking, and skills development based on problem situations. The course is organized into annual learning units: Problem Situation (SP), Simulation Station (ES), Professional Practice (PP), and Complementary Curricular Activity (ACC). The journey was marked by challenges related to distance learning, the assimilation of the new active methodology, and the overcoming of shyness required by constant participation in group discussions. The report details the transition to in-person teaching during the clinical cycle, which intensified practical learning in Basic Health Units (UBS) and simulations, culminating in the Residency (Internato), a period of extensive contact with practice and the consolidation of technical and humanistic training. The paper concludes that the trajectory, despite the pandemic and personal obstacles, promoted the evolution of communication skills and the formation of a more reflective and empathetic professional.
Desenvolvimento de compósitos flexíveis de PVDF/BaTiO₃ para aplicações eletromecânicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Silva, Eliezer Costa
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Ruiz, Yurimiler Leyet
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8018824878841214
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-5391
;
Luz, Ana Paula da
The use of renewable energy sources contributes to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating the impacts of climate change. In this context, flexible composites based on poly(vinylidene fluoride)/barium titanate (PVDF/BaTiO3) have gained prominence in electromechanical applications, such as sensors and actuators, due to their combination of flexibility with favorable dielectric and piezoelectric properties. The efficiency of these composites depends directly on the structural, morphological, and dielectric characteristics of the BaTiO3 particles used as functional fillers. This work investigated the solid-state synthesis of BaTiO3 with sonochemical activation, evaluating different combinations of lowcost, lead-free, and environmentally friendly barium and titanium precursors. The combinations included BaCO3, Ba(NO3)2, C4H6BaO4, paired with C12H28O4Ti or TiO2, with pH used as an additional synthesis parameter. The results indicated that the combination of C4H6BaO4 and TiO2 favored the formation of the desired tetragonal phase. Sonochemical activation enhanced precursor reactivity, allowing a reduction in synthesis time and temperature to approximately 900°C. A pH variation between 2 and 12 significantly influenced the formation of the tetragonal phase, with pH 6 yielding optimal results, producing powders with 92.92% tetragonal phase, high purity, and a dielectric constant of approximately 1200. This material was used to fabricate flexible PVDF/BaTiO3 composites with different filler contents (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% by weight). The composites showed increased β-phase content in PVDF, enhanced crystallinity, and dielectric properties. A 2.5 wt.% BaTiO3 amount increased tensile strength by 9%, while 10 wt.% raised the dielectric constant by approximately 36%. These findings highlight the importance of precise control over composition and synthesis parameters for developing scalable, lead-free composites with potential for electromechanical applications.
De coortes à graduação: o vírus que permeia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Sawan, Michel Morais Marques
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Monti, José Fernando Casquel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1641654071358324
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0131-7926
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7096371270940324
This conclusion course work synthesizes the pedagogical and academic journey undertaken throughout the medical degree, using the core experience in scientific initiation as a guiding axis for reflections on medical training. The immersion in the "UnCoVER-Brazil" project, which involved the meticulous review of 2379 medical records of COVID-19 patients and the correlation of clinical data with viral variants and sociodemographic elements, transcended the technical sphere of research. It served as a microcosm of medical practice, exposing the student to the complexity of human suffering, the unpredictability of clinical evolution, and the operational reality of a reference hospital during a health crisis. From this immersion, fundamental lessons emerged regarding the importance of patient autonomy, communication in situations of extreme gravity, and the resilience of health teams. The analysis of medical records, more than a collection of epidemiological data, was an exercise in interpreting life stories, solidifying the understanding of medical history as a central tool and the responsibility inherent to the act of medicine. It is concluded that the training was a continuous process of maturation, which equipped the graduate not only with technical and scientific knowledge but also with a humanistic, ethical, and empathetic perspective, essential for the future exercise of the profession. The academic trajectory was thus consolidated at the intersection between rigorous scientific investigation and the development of the clinical and human competencies necessary for a comprehensive and effective medical practice.
Artéria subclávia direita aberrante: relato de caso e revisão de literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Felippe, Thais Keltke Santos
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Nasser, Michel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1629054550833348
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3087-9784
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6364182028804383
The aberrant right subclavian artery, also known as the arteria lusoria, is the most common aortic arch anomaly, occurring in 0.5 to 1% of the population. There is a higher prevalence in women and it is usually associated with other anatomical variations, such as the non-recurrent laryngeal nerve, present in 86.7% of cases. In the majority of cases, the aberrant right subclavian artery causes no symptoms. We describe this anomaly in an 82-year-old, hypertensive, and asymptomatic patient who had undergone a thoracoabdominal angiography to investigate a chronic DeBakey type III aortic dissection with dilation of the descending aorta. The aberrant right subclavian artery followed a retroesophageal course and was associated with a Kommerell diverticulum. In view of its rarity, we conducted an integrative bibliographic review of literature from the last 6 years indexed on the Medline, UpToDate, Lilacs, Scielo, and Portal Capes databases and discuss the most frequent anatomical changes, symptomatology, and therapeutic management adopted.
Por uma educação matemática antirracista: uma proposta de confluências entre educação matemática, afrofuturismo e Teoria Crítica da Raça
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Avelar, Petrina Rúbria Nogueira
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Caldeira, Ademir Donizeti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8185048034258055
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0290-9851
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0673222781608613
This thesis emerges from the unease of a teacher-researcher with more than 25 years of tea-ching experience regarding what could be called Antiracist Mathematics Education. Its objec-tive was to construct a proposal for Antiracist Mathematics Education grounded in elements of Afrofuturism and Critical Race Theory (CRT) present in Brazilian academic dissertations and theses. Afrofuturism has its roots in aesthetics and the arts, while CRT originates in the legal field. Within this scope, the challenge was to mobilize these theories in dialogue with the legal and epistemological framework of the Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations (ERER) and its curricular guidelines. This exploratory and qualitative research employed Systematic Litera-ture Review and Integrative Review as methodological procedures. The corpus consisted of dissertations and theses selected from the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD) and the CAPES Catalog of Theses and Dissertations, in addition to one international article that associates Afrofuturism with Mathematics Education. After refinement, twelve disserta-tions, four theses, and one article were analyzed, later inserted into Atlas®.ti software for co-ding and examination of the connections between emerging elements. From the analysis, four categories emerged: (C1) Race as a technology of domination – highlights, from the perspec-tive of CRT, how the idea of race sustains systems of exclusion, even under discourses of neu-trality; (C2) The myth of school neutrality and curricular disputes – problematizes the false neutrality of Mathematics Education and reveals its political character; (C3) Sankofa and education as a strategy of reexistence and future project – emphasizes Black ancestry as the foundation of a critical, insurgent, and utopian education; and (C4) Sustainable and emancipatory technological futures – points to the need for a transdisciplinary, creative, and innovative Mathematics Education, in dialogue with growing digitalization, environmental preservation, and the planning of desirable futures. The analyzed data revealed significant silences: the scarce problematization of whiteness; the persistent absence of a critical dialogue with concepts such as algorithmic racism, digital technologies, artificial intelligence, internet, social media, science fiction, and climate crises in Mathematics Education within the antiracist context; and the urgent need to project possible and sustainable Black futures. At the same time, advances were identified: the valorization of African ancestry, the use of games such as Mancala, and the incorporation of Ethnomathematics and Critical Mathematics Education as strategies of resistance. It was thus concluded that Antiracist Mathematics Education must break with the institutionalized silence on race and racism, incorporate Black voices into kno-wledge production, problematize the privileges of whiteness, and foster critical formation for all students. Anchored in the premises of Afrofuturism, the proposal reaffirms the centrality of the environment as a living and sacred body and envisions futures in which Black subjects are protagonists of their own history within a highly technological, ethical, and sustainable soci-ety. Nevertheless, this investigation constitutes only an initial reflection, open to criticism and improvement. Much like Afrofuturism itself—characterized by its ability for reinvention and metamorphosis with an eye toward the future—it is hoped that Mathematics Education rese-archers may gather in quilombo-like collectives, and through other, more robust and transfor-mative studies, contribute to strengthening the struggle for Antiracist Mathematics Education.
Origem e diferenciação do sistema ZZ/ZW de cromossomos sexuais: análises comparativas entre espécies de répteis e aves
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-10-31)
Setti, Príncia Grejo
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Cioffi, Marcelo de Bello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0242034365085727
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4340-1464
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4636124789854528
Sex chromosomes are highly dynamic structures in vertebrates, showing distinct evolutionary trajectories across lineages. This dissertation investigated the origin and differentiation of the ZZ/ZW system in Palaeognathae birds and Colubridae snakes, focusing on the characterization of satellite DNAs and other repetitive elements. An integrative approach combining classical cytogenetics, in situ hybridization (FISH, CGH), and low-coverage genomic analyses was applied. In birds, sex chromosomes ranged from homomorphic in ratites to highly heteromorphic in Tinamiformes, indicating different stages of differentiation. In Ptyas snakes, W chromosomes showed little morphological divergence from Z, but were enriched in heterochromatin and repetitive sequences, suggesting that heterochromatinization may precede visible heteromorphy. The results demonstrate that sex chromosome evolution does not follow a single pattern but is shaped by multiple historical and ecological factors. This work contributes to the understanding of the evolutionary diversity of ZW systems and highlights the relevance of comparative studies integrating cytogenetics, genomics, and evolutionary biology.