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Investigando os efeitos de diferentes procedimentos de condicionamento avaliativo na modificação de atitudes negativas em relação a faces negras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-21)
Passarelli, Denise Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0851788582891976
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6485-7773
Mecanismos da dispneia, fadiga e redução da aptidão cardiorrespiratória no pós Covid-19: contribuição integrada da DLCO, da função endotelial e do TECP com análise longitudinal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-21)
Back, Guilherme Dionir
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Bonjorno, Flávia Rossi Caruso
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/7119400854907214
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Silva , Audrey Borghi
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895
Study I. Introduction: Although they did not present signs and symptoms of severe disease during the acute infection, adult COVID-19 survivors may exhibit impairments in pulmonary function and cardiorespiratory capacity after recovery. Objective: To compare performance on pulmonary function tests and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) between COVID-19 survivors and a control group (CG). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Volunteers diagnosed with COVID-19 who had not experienced severe signs and symptoms were evaluated one month after infection. Healthy volunteers matched for sex and age comprised the CG. All volunteers underwent the following assessments: I) clinical evaluation; II) complete pulmonary function testing; and III) cycle ergometer CPET. Metabolic variables were measured using the CareFusion Oxycon Mobile system. In addition, heart rate responses, peak systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and perceived exertion were recorded. Results: Twenty-nine COVID-19 survivors and 18 healthy control volunteers were evaluated. COVID-19 survivors had a mean age of 40 years, a higher body mass index, and persistent symptoms compared with the CG (p<0.05). In addition, they exhibited a greater number of comorbidities, a higher number of medications in use, and greater impairment in pulmonary function (p<0.05). During CPET, COVID-19 survivors showed lower peak work rate, oxygen uptake (V̇O₂), carbon dioxide output (V̇CO₂), circulatory power (CP), and end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure (PETCO₂) (p<0.05). Moreover, survivors exhibited blunted chronotropic and ventilatory responses, lower peak peripheral oxygen saturation, and greater muscle fatigue (p<0.05) compared with the CG. Conclusion: Despite not having experienced signs and symptoms of severe disease during the acute infection, adult survivors exhibited reduced pulmonary function and cardiorespiratory capacity one month after recovery from COVID-19. Furthermore, cardiovascular and ventilatory responses and lower-limb fatigue were the main exercise-limiting factors. Study II. Introduction: COVID-19 negatively affects cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), increasing the likelihood of exertional symptoms, such as fatigue and dyspnea, and adversely affecting vascular function, thereby impairing cardiovascular health. Objective: To investigate endothelial function and its relationship with CRF in individuals who had recovered from COVID-19. Methods: Volunteers were evaluated one month after infection and underwent clinical assessment, pulmonary function testing, endothelial function assessment, measured by flow-mediated dilation, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Results: COVID-19 survivors exhibited reduced exercise capacity, with lower peak V̇O₂ and FMD (%) values according to disease severity. However, endothelial function was worse in volunteers with previous COVID-19, regardless of disease severity, compared with the control group. Significant associations were observed between lower FMD (%) and lower peak V̇O₂, work rate, circulatory power, and peak V̇O₂/work rate values. Conclusion: Endothelial function was significantly associated with CRF in COVID-19 survivors according to disease severity. Strategies aimed at improving CRF and mitigating the negative effects resulting from endothelial dysfunction should be investigated in future studies. Study III. Introduction: Reduced diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is a common abnormality after COVID-19. However, its recovery trajectory over one year according to the severity of the acute disease and its relationship with persistent symptoms remain incompletely understood. Objective: To evaluate the recovery trajectory of DLCO over one year according to the severity of acute COVID-19 and its relationship with persistent dyspnea and fatigue. Methods: In this longitudinal observational study, 60 volunteers who had recovered from COVID-19, including 20 with mild, 20 with moderate, and 20 with severe disease, and 20 control participants underwent pulmonary function testing, including DLCO, carbon monoxide transfer coefficient (KCO), and alveolar volume (VA), expressed as absolute values and percentages of predicted values. Survivors were evaluated at baseline, after the acute phase of infection, one month after infection, and at the one-year follow-up. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess between-group and within-group differences over time. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified the optimal DLCO% cutoff for dyspnea and fatigue, and symptom persistence at 12 months was assessed using Kaplan–Meier curves. Results: At baseline, DLCO% and VA% were significantly reduced in the moderate and severe groups compared with the mild and control groups. Over one year, DLCO% showed a significant interaction between time and disease severity, with minimal variation in mild cases (approximately +1%) and modest improvement in moderate cases (approximately +3%), but a marked increase among volunteers who had experienced severe COVID-19, from 66% to 83% of predicted values (approximately +26%). VA% improved predominantly in the moderate and severe groups (approximately +7% and +6%, respectively), whereas KCO% remained largely stable, with a small increase only in the severe group. A DLCO% cutoff of ≤80% of predicted values at one year identified individuals with dyspnea and/or fatigue with high diagnostic accuracy, with a sensitivity of 85.7%, specificity of 81.8%, and an area under the curve of 0.82. Conclusion: One year after COVID-19, pulmonary gas-exchange abnormalities persisted in a substantial proportion of volunteers but showed significant recovery among those who initially had severe forms of the disease, primarily driven by improvements in DLCO% and VA%. A DLCO% <80% of predicted values identifies individuals at greater risk of persistent dyspnea and fatigue and should be incorporated into long-term follow-up strategies for COVID-19 survivors. Study IV. Introduction: Post-COVID-19 condition may be accompanied by exercise intolerance and possible persistent vascular abnormalities. Endothelial dysfunction, estimated by flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and the hemodynamic stimulus represented by shear stress may act as mechanistic links between cardiorespiratory fitness and functional recovery. Objective: To compare cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), FMD, and shear stress outcomes between an initial assessment and long-term follow-up in COVID-19 survivors stratified by disease severity, and to investigate associations between fitness markers and vascular variables. Methods: This was a longitudinal study with groups matched for disease severity, sex, and age. CPET parameters and vascular measurements, including FMD and shear stress, were analyzed at the initial assessment and follow-up. Group-by-time comparisons were performed using a general linear model for repeated measures, adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index. Associations were tested using correlation analyses and simple linear regression, considering r, R², and p values. Results: Longitudinal improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness and vascular markers were observed. However, recovery remained incomplete in the severe group, which maintained a poorer functional profile and greater ventilatory cost at follow-up. FMD increased over time but remained reduced in survivors of severe COVID-19. Shear stress differed among groups and increased at follow-up, although lower values persisted in the severe group. Correlation and regression analyses demonstrated positive associations between FMD and V̇O₂ and between FMD and circulatory power. Stronger associations were observed between shear stress and CPET variables, indicating physiological coupling among exercise performance, hemodynamic stimulus, and endothelial function. Conclusion: After COVID-19, cardiorespiratory fitness and endothelial function show partial recovery that is strongly modulated by disease severity, and shear stress emerges as a relevant integrative marker of the relationship between CPET and FMD.
História[s] da formação inicial de professores que ensinam matemática no pós-pandemia: um estudo em educação comparada (Brasil-Portugal)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Garcia, Mariany Fonseca
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Ciríaco, Klinger Teodoro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2947929641568853
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1694-851X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9953925332186139
This dissertation presents the final results of a research project, funded by the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), developed within the scope of the "School Education: Critical Theories and Practices" line of research of the Postgraduate Program in Education at the Federal University of São Carlos (PPGE/UFSCar). Its general objective was to understand, through Oral History, the perspectives of teacher educators in Mathematics disciplines in undergraduate courses in Pedagogy (Brazil) and Education (Portugal) regarding the implications of remote teaching for pedagogical practice in the subjects they teach upon returning to in-person teaching in the post-pandemic period. Initially, we mapped theses and dissertations in the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD), the Catalog of Theses and Dissertations of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), and the repositories of all Portuguese universities that offer doctoral programs in Education, in order to find works that discuss mathematical training and the teaching of mathematics in courses that train teachers for the beginning of schooling. The results pointed to the predominance of Brazilian research regarding remote teaching and a limited attempt to understand how mathematics was taught during this period, while in Portugal, there was an absence of studies on teacher training during remote teaching. Therefore, we highlight the need to deepen studies that contribute to this perspective and highlight the potential of this master's research by conducting a comparative study in Education, which seeks to understand the impact of remote teaching in both contexts. To deepen our understanding of the area, we used, in our theoretical framework, authors who discuss teacher training and mathematics subjects in undergraduate Pedagogy courses in Brazil and undergraduate Basic Education courses in Portugal. In our methodology, which uses a qualitative approach, we rely on Comparative Education as an epistemic perspective, with data production and analysis through Oral History. To this end, we interviewed one teacher from the Northeast region and one teacher from the North region of Brazil, and three teachers working in Higher Education Institutions, located in Lisbon, Setúbal, and Santarém. The interviews with the Brazilian teacher educators were conducted remotely via Google Meet, while the interviews with the Portuguese teachers were conducted in person, through a Research Internship Abroad grant awarded by the São Paulo Research Foundation (BEPE/FAPESP). The results pointed to changes in teachers' pedagogical practices after the pandemic, due to the influence of remote teaching. In Brazil, the possibility of conducting some classes and meetings remotely and the addition of new digital resources to face-to-face meetings stand out. In Portugal, there was a greater exploration of technologies, especially with regard to Geometry, aligning physical and digital resources in a new dynamic of teacher training.
Distribuição e caracterização demográfica, vacinal e epidemiológica de casos de síndrome respiratória aguda grave associada à Covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Dal Ri, Isabella Regina Pedroso
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Uehara, Sílvia Carla da Silva André
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3903413440784581
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1194474017296957
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Figueiredo, Rosely Moralez de.
Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection remains an important cause of hospitalization and death in the post-emergency COVID-19 period, in a context of marked regional inequalities in Brazil. This study aimed to characterize cases and deaths from SARI associated with COVID-19 in Brazilian regions, considering demographic, clinical and vaccination aspects between 2023 and 2024. An analytical ecological study was conducted using secondary data from the national influenza surveillance information system and from COVID-19 notifications of the Ministry of Health. Incidence, mortality and lethality coefficients for SARI associated with COVID-19 were calculated, and log-binomial regression analysis was performed to estimate risk ratios for death according to sociodemographic, regional, vaccination and risk-factor variables. During the period, 428,684 SARI cases were reported, of which 59,957 (14%) were classified as SARI due to COVID-19, resulting in a national incidence of 3,575.6 cases of SARI associated with COVID-19 per 100,000 new COVID-19 cases. The highest mortality coefficients were observed in the Southeast and South regions, whereas lethality rates were higher in the Northeast and North. Among patients with SARI associated with COVID-19, mean age was 71,7-year-old among those who died, and male sex was associated with an increased risk of death. Higher education levels were associated with lower mortality, even after adjustment for sociodemographic variables, vaccination and comorbidities. It was also observed that 76.7% of cases had received COVID-19 vaccine and that vaccination was associated with an approximate 20% reduction in the risk of death, while influenza vaccination showed no statistically significant association. The findings indicate that COVID-19 continues to play a relevant role in the profile of SARI in Brazil and reinforce the need to maintain epidemiological surveillance and to implement regionally oriented vaccination and care strategies to reduce severe outcomes.
ALIS: Construção e validação de um instrumento para mapear a violência de gênero nas universidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Dionísio, Maria Beatriz Reis
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D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9103-0616
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9021929939090844
Gender-based violence is present in the university context and constitutes a large-scale problem, representing serious violations of women's fundamental rights, as observed in other social settings. Nevertheless, it remains a phenomenon with low visibility, fragmented data production, and a lack of adequate and psychometrically validated instruments to measure its prevalence in higher education. In this context, the present study aimed to develop a self-report instrument to map gender-based violence experienced by women in Brazilian universities, named ALIS (Acolhimento, Liberdade, Inclusão e Superação). The research was organized into two articles. The first consisted of an integrative literature review, conducted as a preliminary step in the instrument development process, to support the understanding and operationalization of the construct. The second article addressed the item development process and the search for evidence of content validity and internal structure validity. Item development was informed by interviews with professionals, focus groups and interviews with students, as well as a review of existing instruments on the topic. The items were subsequently evaluated by expert judges and subjected to semantic analysis with the target population. The instrument was then administered to 1,056 women enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs and analyzed using psychometric techniques, including Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Item Response Theory (IRT). The results indicated adequate evidence of content validity and internal structure validity. The final version of ALIS comprises 15 items distributed across two dimensions (psychological violence and sexual violence), demonstrating its suitability for use in research and to support institutional actions for the prevention of and response to gender-based violence in university settings.
Painel de indicadores bibliométricos e de sustentabilidade para monitoramento científico e tecnológico sobre plantas endêmicas da Amazônia brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Cristina-Silva, Luana
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Ramalho, Rogério Aparecido Sá
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5602653417743793
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8491-3514
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Faria, Leandro Innocentini Lopes de
This research stems from the importance of natural bio-inputs from the Brazilian Amazon biome and the risks associated with extractivism and other degradation factors affecting these resources. Research concerning "endemic plants of the Brazilian Amazon phytogeographic domain" spans multiple fields of knowledge, featuring diverse objectives and perspectives. Within this context, however, a gap is observed regarding bibliometric indicators capable of mapping and monitoring the scientific and technological production on this subject for analytical, diagnostic, or predictive purposes. Accordingly, we hypothesize that a periodic monitoring system, comprising bibliometric and sustainability indicators, can facilitate the visualization of the dynamics of scientific and technological developments regarding endemic Amazonian plants. These indicators, intersecting with sustainability-aligned indicators, highlight both an opportunity and a research demand from the perspective of Information Science. The research is quantitative in nature and employed methods and techniques derived from bibliometrics. The search for scientific articles was conducted using the international multidisciplinary database Scopus, and the search for patents was conducted via Espacenet. Based on five main search queries (referring to 5 different taxonomic groups, totaling 1975 endemic species from the Brazilian Amazon), the analyzed dataset comprised 800 scientific articles and 153 patents. Additionally, a script pipeline for the automated data modeling process was created to optimize future stages of periodic indicator updates. A visualization dashboard with dynamic features was created using Google's Looker Studio. Partial results indicate that the proposed dashboard not only helps address the gap in indicator concentration but also offers several implications, given its simplified and intuitive design aimed at reducing the user's cognitive effort. Finally, this research corroborates the importance of monitoring contemporary scientific and technological activities related to the Amazon's exclusive natural resources, particularly from a sustainability perspective. Consequently, it highlights the relevance of this study and its contribution to Information Science and civil society as a whole.
Olhares para o corpo (des)conhecido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Doin, Rafael Romeiro
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Santos, Maria Walburga dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9304-5800
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9984036089729552
The relationship between the body, childhood, and educational formation remains underexplored in academic productions. This study aims to sew up relations between how reflecting on the history of our bodies can put in perspective our actions within territories and spaces, and how this relationship may contribute to processes of reconstruction within education. Grounded in qualitative research, the study adopts an (auto)biographical approach that foregrounds new possibilities for understanding relationships among subjects through a horizontal practice that values subjectivities. From a critical perspective, it examines the experiences and relations individuals carry in order to better comprehend both the social context in which we live and ourselves, fostering reflection and the creation of new educational practices. The research dialogue is informed by the notion of experience as articulated by Larrosa (2025) and Benjamin (2009; 2012), (auto)biographical narratives (Passeggi, 2010), and photographic narratives grounded in the photoethnography proposed by Achutti (2004). The study also develops and presents the concept of the “(un)known body,” drawing on contributions from Foucault (2013), Freire (2019), among others. Some considerations are made regarding patriarchy, childhoods, and the education of the teacher-researcher. In this way, the present work contributes to thinking about and creating other forms of relationship with the environment in which we live, with others, and with ourselves.
Efeitos subletais do clorantraniliprole em Bombus morio (Swederus, 1787): análise de órgão-alvo e não alvo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Giroto, Marília Fernandes
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Roberto, Gleiciani Bürger Patrício
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9084600148398912
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Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934724759636382
Native bees play an essential role in pollination ecosystem services, yet they are still underrepresented in pesticide risk assessments. In this context, this dissertation aimed to investigate the sublethal effects of chlorantraniliprole through oral exposure in workers of Bombus morio , a species native to Brazil, integrating a literature review and laboratory experiments. The first chapter consisted of a review on the effects of pesticides on Bombus, with emphasis on mortality, behavior, and morphophysiological alterations, as well as a discussion on the limitations of current toxicological protocols. The second chapter involved the adaptation of methodologies for bioassays, including containment and feeding systems, as well as the evaluation of longevity and toxicity at two doses of the insecticide. In the third chapter, sublethal effects were assessed through behavioral and histological analyses of the midgut, Malpighian tubules, and flight muscles. The results demonstrated that B. morio exhibits high tolerance to confinement, with a mean longevity of 30 days, and that chlorantraniliprole did not cause statistically significant mortality at the tested doses. Behavioral analyses did not reveal significant differences among groups. In contrast, histological analyses showed dose-dependent alterations in all three tissues evaluated, including tissue disorganization, loss of cytoplasmic material, and nuclear alterations, suggesting impairment in digestion, absorption, and excretion processes, as well as a possible compromise of muscle function associated with locomotion. Overall, the results indicate that, although not lethal and not inducing detectable behavioral changes in the short term, chlorantraniliprole can cause significant morphophysiological alterations in B. morio, highlighting the importance of considering multiple sublethal endpoints in ecotoxicological assessments and of expanding the inclusion of native species in regulatory testing.
Entre saberes e fazeres: uma investigação sobre o racismo e o antirracismo nas práticas de terapeutas ocupacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Pereira, Amanda dos Santos
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Magalhães, Lilian Vieira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8695787131933459
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3666-3685
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4563595279392236
Occupational therapy practitioners have neglected to address the racism that is sustained and reproduced in therapeutic practices. While discussions on ethnic-racial issues have grown in the field in recent years, few studies investigate the theoretical and methodological frameworks that inform the practices of occupational therapy practitioners who work with Black populations and traditional peoples and communities. This study aims to identify, describe, and reflect on the experiences of occupational therapy practitioners working with Black populations and traditional peoples and communities. The specific aims of this study are: 1. To understand how occupational therapy practitioners have provided service to Black populations and traditional peoples and communities; 2. To map the practices of occupational therapy practitioners that address ethnic-racial issues in their therapeutic practices; 3. To identify the conceptual and methodological frameworks that guide the practices of occupational therapy practitioners with Black populations and traditional peoples and communities; 4. To explore the possibilities, limitations, strategies, perceptions, and challenges faced by occupational therapy practitioners in this field of practice; 5. To review the existing knowledge in the literature about how occupational therapy practitioners can take antiracist actions in professional practice. This study was developed by a qualitative approach associated with visual methodologies, using photo-elicitation and semi-structured interviews as data generation instruments. The perspective of Afro-Latin American feminism also informs the methodology of this work. The data were obtained from narratives and photographs produced by six occupational therapy practitioners who develop research, teaching, or intervention with Black people and/or with traditional peoples and communities. The data were analyzed through thematic analysis, resulting in four themes: 1st Theme – Becoming Black: Identity, existential territories, and belonging; 2nd Theme –Academic training and epistemic dispute; 3rd Theme – Racism and its impacts on occupational therapy practices; 4th Theme – The future is here and now! Afrofuturist perspectives. The researcher partners' narratives evidence shows that the presence of institutional and epistemological violence, manifested in the lack of attention to address racism in work teams, the absence of ethnic-racial issues in occupational therapy training, the centrality of Eurocentric curricula, and the negligence in the formulation and implementation of public policies. The researcher partners argue that racism makes the Black population and traditional peoples sick, constituting a direct producer of psychological suffering and social exclusion. Furthermore, they present anti-racist strategies aimed at reorienting the practice of occupational therapy, with a view to strengthening identity, cultural recognition, valuing Blackness, self-esteem, and belonging. From an Afrodiasporic and Afro-Latin American perspective, this study proposes counter-hegemonic strategies and frameworks capable of supporting research, teaching, and the provision of socially relevant services for these populations.
O uso de Anodontites trapesialis (Lamarck, 1819) como bioindicador e espécie modelo para estudos com microplástico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Silva, Maria Fernanda Rosa da
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Arruda, Eliane Pintor de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8843243211552880
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Waldman, Walter Ruggeri
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0616238673458322
Microplastics (MPs) are now recognized as persistent components in all ecosystems, including rivers and lakes, especially in regions with inadequate waste and effluent management, as is the case in much of Brazil. In this scenario, understanding how different organisms interact with MPs is essential for both environmental monitoring and ecological risk assessment. Among the bioindicators used, bivalves stand out for their ease of collection, physiological sensitivity, filtering habit, and bioaccumulation capacity. The species Anodontites trapesialis, widely distributed in South American freshwater ecosystems, has proven to be a promising organism for studies with MPs due to its high filtration rate. This study integrates two complementary approaches, environmental monitoring and controlled experimentation, to evaluate the use of A. trapesialis as a bioindicator of MPs, with a special focus on fibers, the predominant type in freshwater environments. In both experiments, individuals were collected from the Pirajibu-mirim River (Sorocaba, SP) at different stations in April and December.One of the experiments analyzed the egestas (feces and pseudofeces) to assess contamination from the environment, while the second experiment involved a test with acute exposure to pristine polyester fibers. In general, A. trapesialis is already contaminated from the environment with a diversity of PMs and eliminates most of the particles in the first days of purification, taking at least 15 days to eliminate contamination from the environment. Regarding the fiber exposure experiment, the process follows the pattern of elimination of most fibers in the first 72 hours with no evidence of bioaccumulation after 21 days. The results also indicated that individuals ingest more 0.9 mm fibers than 4.0 mm fibers; however, size did not influence the total elimination time. In addition, 4.0 mm fibers exhibited changes after passing through the digestive tract, suggesting that internal structures, especially the crystalline stiletto, may act mechanically to modify the fibers, increasing the availability of smaller particles in the environment.
Para além da glicemia: investigando a saúde do ombro na diabetes mellitus e as manifestações da neuropatia periférica diabética nos membros superiores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Ferreira, Julia Kortstee
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Sacco, Isabel de Camargo Neves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9500627847688925
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1254-0007
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Camargo, Paula Rezende
Introduction: People with diabetes mellitus (DM) seem to have a higher prevalence of shoulder pain compared with the general population. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), one of the most prevalent chronic complications of DM, is systemic and progressive; however, its investigation has predominantly focused on the lower limbs (LL). The contribution of DM and DPN to shoulder-related pain and functional outcomes remains unclear. Moreover, the manifestation of DPN in the upper limbs (UL) and its relationship with DPN severity in the LL are poorly explored. Within this context, this doctoral thesis comprises three studies: Study 1: Objective: To investigate the association between the presence of DM and shoulder pain, motion, strength, and functional performance. Methods: Cross-sectional study including 75 individuals with DM and 37 controls. Outcomes assessed were shoulder pain and disability (SPADI), range of motion (RoM), isometric strength, and shoulder functional performance (TFAST). Multiple linear regression models were fitted considering DM as the main independent variable and age, body mass index (BMI), and physical exercise level as covariates. Results and conclusion: DM was associated with reduced active (β = −10.98°; p < 0.05) and passive (β = −8.10°; p < 0.05) internal rotation RoM and poorer shoulder functional performance (β = −12.78 repetitions; p < 0.05). No associations were observed for the remaining outcomes. These findings suggest that DM is related to specific impairments in shoulder mobility and functional performance, reinforcing the importance of early and targeted monitoring to identify and manage shoulder alterations in this population. Study 2: Objective: To compare shoulder pain, motion, strength, and functional performance among individuals with DM with and without DPN and controls without DM, and to investigate the association between DPN severity and shoulder-related outcomes in individuals with DM. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 112 participants allocated into three groups: DM with DPN (n = 38), DM without DPN (n = 37), and controls (n = 37). The presence and severity of DPN in the LL, shoulder pain and disability (SPADI), RoM, muscle strength, and functional performance (TFAST) were assessed. Analyses included between-group comparisons and multiple linear regression models adjusted for age, BMI, and physical exercise level. Results and conclusion: Individuals with DM and DPN exhibited higher levels of shoulder pain and disability, reduced shoulder active internal rotation RoM, reduced shoulder strength, and poorer shoulder functional performance compared with individuals with DM without DPN and controls (p < 0.05). In adjusted analyses, DPN severity was not independently associated with most shoulder outcomes, except for serratus anterior strength (β = 0.692 N/kg; p < 0.05), suggesting that clinical and behavioral factors such as age, dietary habits, and physical exercise may influence this relationship. Study 3: Objective: To characterize the manifestation of DPN in the UL and compare these outcomes between individuals with DM with and without DPN in the LL, as well as to examine the association between LL DPN severity and outcomes suggestive of DPN manifestation in the UL. Methods: Cross-sectional study including 76 individuals with DM, divided into two groups: with DPN in the LL (n = 38) and without DPN in the LL (n = 38). UL-DPN manifestation was assessed through self-reported neuropathic symptoms and physical examination of tactile and vibratory sensitivity, maximum handgrip strength, and hand dexterity (Jebsen–Taylor Test). Group comparisons and association analyses were performed using appropriate statistical tests. Results and conclusion: Individuals with DPN in the LL presented a higher frequency of neuropathic symptoms in the UL, worse tactile and vibratory hand sensitivity, reduced handgrip strength, and poorer hand dexterity compared with individuals without DPN in the LL (p < 0.05). LL-DPN severity correlated with the number of neuropathic symptoms in the UL, tactile and vibratory sensory impairment of the hand, reduced handgrip strength, and poorer hand dexterity (p < 0.05). These findings reinforce the systemic and progressive nature of DPN and highlight the importance of including UL assessment in clinical screening protocols for individuals with DM.
Produção de sentidos sobre a escolarização de alunos com transtorno do espectro autista na perspectiva das mães
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Santos, Jefferson Roberto de Carvalho
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Dainez, Débora
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4671868444231806
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8223-098X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4372462443132328
This master's research investigates the meanings, historically constituted within social relations, present in family discourses about the schooling of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The study aims to understand how these meanings are produced and resignified in the interactions between family and school, considering the concrete conditions of schooling and the contradictions that permeate the guarantee of the right to education. The specific objectives include analyzing the meanings constructed by caregivers, discussing the conceptions present in their discourses, and understanding the schooling processes of children with ASD, especially during the transition from Early Childhood Education to Elementary School, identifying family strategies for access to and permanence in school. This research is situated within a context of the growing centrality of autism in the educational field, articulated with political, legal, and scientific debates, and marked by processes of judicialization and pathologization. It is grounded in historical-cultural theory, based on Lev Vygotsky, mobilizing the concept of meaning, as well as in historical-dialectical materialism, which enables the analysis of contradictions and values the protagonism of families. A qualitative approach is adopted, with semi-structured interviews conducted with four caregivers. The results indicate that mothers attribute an expanded role to the school, although this role is tensioned by social contradictions, revealing challenges in the educational trajectories of students with ASD and family strategies of resistance. These findings highlight the urgency of public educational policies that ensure families receive the necessary support for life. It is concluded that the discourse of these mothers is marked by historical and political tensions that express the struggle for a purported school inclusion shaped by class disputes and contested social meanings.
Grupo de trabalho coletivo de reflexão sobre a qualidade na escola: limites e possibilidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Nardi, Letícia
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Almeida, Luana Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4647168712265513
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1834479348437827
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Almeida, Luana Costa
This dissertation, funded by FAPESP (Process No. 24/04169-4), is linked to the project “Dimensions of Social Quality as a Catalyst for Reflection in/at School?” (Process No. 22/02996-5), developed through a collaborative research approach in a municipal public school located in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The study is grounded in the framework of collaborative research (Ibiapina, 2008), which understands knowledge production as a process constructed through the relationship between university and school, and in the concept of the social quality of education (Bertagna et al., 2020), understood as an ethical, political, and formative dimension produced within the relationships and practices of everyday school life. The aim of the study was to analyze the limits and potentialities of the processes of reflection and self-evaluation developed within a Collective Working Group (Grupo de Trabalho Coletivo – GTC) established in the school context. The methodology adopted was a collaborative approach, with data analysis guided by thematic content analysis (Bardin, 1977). The empirical corpus consists of semi-structured interviews with school professionals—both participants and non-participants in the GTC—and systematic field diary records produced throughout the group meetings and the actions carried out in the school’s daily routine. The data were organized into meaning units and interpreted in light of the research objectives, while preserving ethical principles and the researcher’s reflexivity. The results show that the GTC operated as a situated space for school reflection and self-evaluation, characterized by more horizontal relationships and by exchange among different subjects as a central element of the experience. The group dynamics fostered shifts in how teachers, administrators, and staff came to interpret their work, their relationship with the school, and especially with children. Listening to children was recognized as a legitimate reading of the school reality, broadening adults’ perspectives on everyday educational practices. Although in a limited way, the GTC also enabled initiatives to engage families, pointing to possibilities for expanding participation beyond the school’s internal space. At the same time, the analysis reveals that these processes were shaped by structural and institutional limits, such as the lack of institutional time and space for holding meetings, limited school autonomy for collective planning, heterogeneous participation among professionals, lack of awareness of the group among non-participants, and weaknesses in internal communication. These conditions restricted the expansion and institutionalization of the group’s actions, highlighting self-evaluation as a tense democratic practice marked by negotiations, conflicts, and partial advances. It is concluded that the GTC constituted a significant formative experience, albeit provisional and situated, indicating that the social quality of education is constructed in everyday school life, through relationships, possible collective practices, and spaces in which reflection, listening, and participation are effectively experienced. The results also point to the need for longer-term research capable of accompanying and supporting the consolidation of collaborative processes and their developments over time.
A sintaxe-semântica dos adjetivos predicativos no português brasileiro: uma proposta taxonômica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Martinez, Ryan Marçal Saldanha Magaña
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Baptista, Jorge
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Vale, Oto Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2277403284693571
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5824895784893347
Syntactic, semantic and lexical classifications are useful resources for research, computational processing and teaching of Portuguese. They include several syntactic and often semantic characteristics of various lexical items, e.g., whether they accept human or clausal subjects, complements and so on. For linguistics as a field, they are particularly useful to establish relations between the structures available for each predicate and their lexical semantics. It is thus possible to verify whether items with similar distributions also present similar meaning. Items such as claro (clear), evidente (evident), óbvio (obvious) and curioso (curious) accept clausal subjects (“É claro/evidente/óbvio/curioso que o João fez isso”, “It is clear/evident/obvious/curious that João did that”), while items such as redondo (round), cheiroso (nice-smelling) and vermelho (red) do not (“*É redondo/cheiroso/vermelho que o João fez isso”, “It is round/nice-smelling/red that João did that”). Syntactic or lexical-semantic and syntactic classifications of predicative adjectives have been elaborated for other languages, such as French, Italian, Korean and Malagasy, in addition to European Portuguese, but not for Brazilian Portuguese. This work presents a descriptive linguistic study aimed at providing a taxonomy of Brazilian Portuguese adjectives based on their syntactic and lexical-semantic properties. To do so, it resorts to Lexicon-Grammar, a theoretical and methodological framework for linguistic description based on Zellig Harris’ Transformational Operator Grammar. This approach postulates that sentences be described as relations between operators and their arguments; these undergo several types of transformations. We extracted seven thousand lemmas automatically identified as adjectives in a corpus of written texts from the internet, comprising news articles, institutional content, and user-generated texts, compiled in 2020. These lemmas were revised and analyzed through intuition and corpora consultation, leading to 7,106 adjective entries, 3,161 of which were considered predicative adjectives that cannot be regularly derived from verbal constructions. For each of these adjectives, 36 syntacitc properties were registered. This led to a classification based on the distributional properties of their arguments. We proceeded then to analyze items having formal features in common, considering their lexical-syntactic similarity. Some patterns common to certain formal classes of adjectives were observed, but they present several exceptions and irregularities. We conclude that the lexical semantics of Brazilian Portuguese adjectives have no necessary and sufficient relations with formal properties; however, several items with similar formal features also share similar senses.
Efeito do tratamento combinado da fotobiomodulação e ultrassom terapêutico em indivíduos acometidos com fibrose pulmonar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Garcia, Vanessa
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Bagnato, Vanderlei Salvador
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4947860249518663
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4833-239X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7489697701606932
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive and irreversible interstitial lung disease, characterized by inflammation and thickening of the alveolar walls, which compromise gas exchange and cause hypoxia. Its etiology is unknown, but genetic factors and environmental factors are associated. Symptoms vary between patients, with the following being common: dyspnea on exertion, dry cough, hypoxemia and without treatment, the average survival is 3 to 5 years. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the effects of therapeutic treatment with photobiomodulation associated with therapeutic ultrasound, performed on the palms of the hands, associated with respiratory exercises in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Twelve patients were included, divided into a Placebo group – n=5 (respiratory physiotherapy) and a Treated group – n=7 (respiratory physiotherapy + Recupero®). The Recupero® equipment, developed by the São Carlos Institute of Physics (USP), was used with the following parameters: for the laser, red and infrared light were used, respectively, with wavelengths of 660 nm and 808 nm simultaneously, and the ultrasound parameters were pulsed mode, frequency of 1 mHz, intensity of 0.8 W/cm2, 48 Hz pulse applied to the palms of the hands for 10 minutes each, totaling a laser application time of 20 minutes. The protocol was performed twice a week for five weeks, with 50-minute sessions and continuous monitoring of vital signs. Both groups performed the exercise protocol, which included diaphragmatic exercises, pursed-lip exercises, exercises with a stick, and exercises with a Volumetric Respiron (both, 2 sets of 10 repetitions); and minicycle exercises for the upper and lower limbs (both, increasing the time by 1 minute every 2 sessions, finishing 10 sessions with a time of 5 minutes, including pedaling). The following assessment and reassessment mechanisms were used: Anamnesis form (personal data, Spirometry, Maximum Inspiratory Pressure; Maximum Expiratory Pressure; Peak Flow; Sit-to-Stand Test; Timed Up and Go; 6-Minute Walk Test and Visual Analogue Scale), questionnaires (King’s Brief Interstitial Lung Disease Questionnaire; London Chest Activity of Daily Living Scale; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Quality of Life Short Form 36). The results were analyzed at baseline, at the end of the study, and after 60 days, and demonstrated that respiratory exercises combined with photobiomodulation and ultrasound enhanced clinical gains, with the Treated group outperforming the Placebo group in almost all parameters. After 60 days, the values remained above the initial levels, confirming the potential of these technologies in respiratory physiotherapy for patients with pulmonary fibrosis. We conclude that the results indicate that the combination of respiratory exercises and the synergy of photobiomodulation and therapeutic ultrasound constitutes a more efficient rehabilitation option, pointing to a new direction for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis and promoting improved quality of life.
Panorama do uso de serviços hospitalares nos últimos anos de vida em pessoas que vivem com demência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Silva, Thaís Barros Pereira da
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Alexandre, Tiago da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5393622641681701
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3791-9793
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6531822176663592
Introduction: The end-of-life period for people living with dementia is often marked by intensive use of hospital services. However, evidence remains limited regarding how this diagnosis influences hospitalization trajectories, as well as which factors are associated with hospital transitions and the higher frequency and length of stay of these hospitalizations in the years preceding death in this population. Objectives: This dissertation has three objectives: (I) To compare trajectories of length of stay in the last four years of life between people living with and without dementia; (II) To investigate factors associated with hospital transitions in the last year of life in people living with dementia; and (III) To investigate factors associated with trajectories of the number and length of stay of unplanned hospitalizations in the last four years of life in people living with dementia. Methods: Participants were individuals aged 60 years or older from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA Study) with data linked to Hospital Episode Statistics (HES). For the first objective, trajectories of length of stay during the last four years of life were analyzed in 2,870 people living with and without dementia. To fulfill the second objective, a cross-sectional study was conducted involving 522 people living with dementia, where the outcome was hospital transition in the last year of life, defined by the occurrence of: 1) ≥ 1 hospitalization in the last three days of life; 2) discontinuity of care, before or after a hospitalization characterized by transfer between different care settings in the last 90 days of life; or 3) ≥ 2 hospitalizations in the last 90 days of life. The third objective investigated sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with trajectories of the number and length of stay of unplanned hospitalizations in 521 people living with dementia. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) were used for trajectory analyses, while a logistic regression model was used for the cross-sectional analysis. Results: Regarding length of stay trajectories, in the last year of life, the length of stay was equal between people living with and without dementia. However, in the four previous years, the length of stay increased, on average, by 3.18 days per year (d/y) in people without dementia and 0.59 d/y in people living with dementia. The difference between groups (-2.59 d/y) demonstrated a higher rate of increase in length of stay for people without dementia, given that, four years before death, the average days of hospitalization for people living with dementia (24.99 days per year) was already higher than for those without dementia (16.99 days per year). Additionally, in people living with dementia, factors associated with hospital transition in the last year of life were: being male, higher socioeconomic deprivation, and having pneumonia and delirium. Finally, factors associated with an increase in the number of unplanned hospitalizations in participants living with dementia in the last four years of life were: higher socioeconomic deprivation, presence of urinary tract infection (UTI), and presence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Advanced age (≥70 years) was associated with longer length of stay. Conversely, factors associated with a reduction in the length of stay of unplanned hospitalizations were: hospital admissions for endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases, and the presence of delirium. Conclusions: The length of stay was higher in people with dementia four years before death, but increased more among those without dementia as death approached, equalizing between both groups at the end of life. Hospital transition in the last year of life in people living with dementia was associated with being male, having higher socioeconomic deprivation, and presenting pneumonia and delirium. In the last four years of life, higher socioeconomic deprivation, UTI, and AMI increased the number of unplanned hospitalizations. During the same period, advanced age increased the length of stay, while admissions for endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases and delirium decreased the length of stay of unplanned hospitalizations. Identifying the panorama of hospital service use in the last years of life for people living with dementia can inform advance care planning and contribute to better quality end-of-life care for this population.
Implementação das plataformas digitais no processo de alfabetização das escolas do estado de SãoPaulo: desafios à formação docente e à autonomia pedagógica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Piccirilli, Giovanna Maria Recco
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Monteiro, Maria Iolanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-1437
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8582953029697001
This dissertation analyzes the incorporation of digital platforms in the literacy process in the early years of Elementary School in the São Paulo state network, focusing on the implications of these technologies for teaching work, teacher training and public policies for digital education. Anchored in the qualitative approach, the research articulates literature review, analysis of normative documents and production of empirical data through interviews with literacy teachers and with the person responsible for the Center for Educational and Technological Information. The theoretical framework mobilizes contributions from Dermeval Saviani's (2021) Historical-Critical Pedagogy and Maurice Tardif's (2014) sociology of teaching knowledge, allowing us to understand the platformization of teaching as a contradictory process, marked by tensions between standardization, control, and pedagogical mediation. The results show that the implementation of the platforms occurs in a predominantly verticalized way, with teacher training centered on the instrumental use of the tools, which stresses professional autonomy and intensifies the teaching work, in addition to evidencing inequalities in the conditions of access and use of technologies. It is concluded that the use of digital platforms in literacy demands public policies that articulate infrastructure, critical teacher training and valorization of pedagogical work, recognizing the teacher as an intentional mediator of the educational process, contributing to studies in the area of language and teacher training.
Revisão metodológica, usabilidade do iSupport-Brasil e associação com a sobrecarga em cuidadores informais de pessoas que vivem com demência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Corrêa, Larissa
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Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7873339343111119
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8508-0251
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Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost
iSupport is an online intervention program designed to support informal caregivers of people living with dementia. Objectives: To conduct a methodological review of iSupport for dementia; to analyze the usability of iSupport-Brazil among caregivers of people living with dementia; and to examine the association between usability and burden. Three studies were conducted: (1) an analysis of published articles on the adaptation, testing, and use of iSupport for dementia; (2) an analysis of the usability of iSupport-Brazil among informal caregivers participating in a randomized clinical trial; and (3) Analysis of the association between usability and caregiver burden. Methods: In Study 1, a systematic review was conducted (PROSPERO CRD42022343168), including articles published up to February 2024 in the Virtual Health Library, PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus. For Studies 2 and 3, data from a randomized clinical trial (RBR-22cv4kv) were used. Participants in the intervention group (n = 87) had access to the program for three months and were assessed at pre- and postintervention. Data were collected using the Sociodemographic and Care Characteristics Questionnaire, Platform Use Questionnaire, System Usability Scale (SUS), Zarit Burden Interview, Quality of Life – Alzheimer Disease (QoL-AD), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Descriptive and exploratory analyses were conducted, and structural equation models and Poisson regression analyses were performed using SAS 9.4. Results: In the review study, 10 articles on the cultural adaptation of iSupport were identified, along with eight randomized clinical trial protocols and two studies reporting preliminary results. In Studies 2 and 3, the mean age of caregivers was 52.4 years (SD = 10.21); most were female (90.1%), had 12 or more years of education (89.7%), were sons or daughters (69%), provided care six to seven days per week (73.6%), and 39.1% provided care for more than 13 hours per day. Most participants presented some level of burden (94.3%) and symptoms of anxiety (64.4%), with 48.3% experiencing moderate to severe burden. In Study 2, the usability scale showed a mean score of 72.38 (SD = 16.2), indicating good usability. Moreover, 34.7% of lessons were completed, and 75.6% of participants completed at least one module. The program met the expectations of most participants (86.9%), and 96.4% would recommend it. In Study 3, results showed a significant effect on burden (p < 0.01) and anxiety symptoms (p = 0.02) at post-intervention. In the structural equation model, anxiety (β = 1.47; p < 0.01) and quality of life (β = −0,70; p < 0.01) were directly associated with burden. Age (β = −0.29; p < 0.01), percentage of completed lessons (β = 0.20; p < 0.01), and quality of life (β = 0.58; p < 0.01) were directly associated with usability. Caregivers with good usability (SUS ≥ 68) had a 3.85 times higher prevalence ratio (PR = 3.85; 95% CI: 1.4–10.65; p = 0.01) of improving or maintaining minimal levels of burden compared to those with scores < 68. Conclusion: iSupport-Brazil proved to be a useful program with good usability and a predictor of improvement or maintenance of minimal levels of caregiver burden. It is a viable tool for public policies in dementia care.
Ministério Público e promoção de mecanismos participativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Oliveira, Celso Maran de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9911833172043700
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6442-3614
História natural, morfometria e atributos funcionais das aranhas cavernícolas brasileiras das famílias Telemidae Fage, 1913 e Ochyroceratidae Fage, 1912 (Araneomorphae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-02-23)
Duarte, Marcus Vinícius da Silva Agua
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Gallão, Jonas Eduardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2036937156228912
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5268-7946
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Bichuette, Maria Elina
Subterranean ecosystems constitute highly selective environments, acting as strong environmental filters due to energetic limitation, low food availability, and reduced carrying capacity. Despite these constraints, such environments harbor a singular biodiversity, characterized by high levels of endemism and by highly specialized organisms exhibiting morphological, physiological, and behavioral traits associated with life under permanent darkness and microclimatic stability. Among subterranean arthropods, spiders stand out as one of the richest and most abundant groups, with particular representation of the families Telemidae and Ochyroceratidae in caves of the world. However, most studies on these groups have been predominantly taxonomic and descriptive, with a notable lack of research addressing ecological aspects, population structure, and functional attributes, which are essential for understanding evolutionary processes and for guiding conservation strategies. This dissertation aimed to investigate the geographic distribution, morphological variation, and functional attributes of Neotropical cave-dwelling spiders of the families Telemidae and Ochyroceratidae, with emphasis on the genus Pinelema and the troglobitic species Pinelema elinae. To achieve this, an integrative approach was employed, combining natural history data, potential distribution modeling based on maximum entropy, linear and geometric morphometric analyses, and comparative assessments of functional trait diversity among troglobitic, troglophilic, and epigean species. The results of the potential distribution modeling indicated that the occurrence of the genus Pinelema, and particularly P. elinae, is strongly influenced by climatic variables associated with thermal and hydric stability, especially temperature seasonality and precipitation-related variables. Paleoclimatic projections suggested a fragmented potential distribution during the Last Glacial Maximum and the Holocene, supporting hypotheses of historical isolation and high vulnerability of subterranean populations. Spatial analyses further revealed that a large proportion of areas with high environmental suitability is currently under intense anthropogenic pressure, often lying outside formally protected areas. Morphometric analyses of Pinelema elinae populations from the Serra do Ramalho revealed significant sexual dimorphism and marked morphological differences among populations, suggesting differentiation processes associated with isolation among caves. Functional trait diversity analyses revealed contrasting patterns among the ecological–evolutionary categories examined. Troglobitic morphospecies exhibited the highest functional diversity values and a consistent tendency toward functional overdispersion relative to null models, indicating high trait heterogeneity and strong differentiation within the multivariate functional space. This pattern suggests the influence of niche partitioning processes, potentially associated with specialization in microhabitats and differential resource use in subterranean environments. Troglophilic morphospecies showed intermediate functional diversity values without significant deviations from random expectations, whereas epigean morphospecies displayed lower functional diversity and trait clustering, reflecting the predominance of environmental filtering imposed by surface conditions. Overall, the results demonstrate that the distribution, morphology, and functional attributes of the studied spiders are shaped by a combination of environmental, historical, and evolutionary factors, reinforcing the role of subterranean isolation as a driver of biological differentiation and highlighting the importance of conserving Neotropical cave ecosystems.