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Estrutura genética de populações de Zaprionus indianus Gupta, 1970 (Diptera: Drosophilidae) em ambientes agrícolas e urbanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-08-19) Barbosa, Letícia Watanabe; Rios, Jonathan de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4430924774058058; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1679-7478; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6349275217463520; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7374-1807
Zaprionus indianus is an invasive species of African origin, widely distributed throughout Brazil and recognized for its high adaptive capacity to different environments. Intensive insecticide use in agricultural systems may act as a selective force, promoting changes in allele frequencies within natural populations. In this context, the present study aimed to compare the allelic frequencies of the Est3 locus in Z. indianus populations collected from soybean fields and urban environments, evaluating potential differences in their genetic structure. Individuals were sampled from agricultural and urban areas in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and analyzed through polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) to characterize esterase polymorphisms, followed by population genetic analyses. Four alleles were identified at the Est3 locus, showing differences in frequency between the environments studied, with the Est3³ allele occurring at a higher frequency in the agricultural population. Genetic diversity indices, principal component analysis, and AMOVA revealed low overall genetic differentiation among populations. However, differences in allelic frequencies were observed and may be consistent with the influence of local selective pressures. These findings suggest that the genetic structure of Z. indianus populations is shaped by the interaction between gene flow and local environmental factors, partially supporting the hypothesis that distinct environmental contexts can influence allele distribution at the Est3 locus.
A evasão sob a lente da administração pública: análise de fatores e diretrizes institucionais de permanência na pós-graduação stricto sensu da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-08-19) Rossit, Felipe Augusto Andrade; Molina, Wagner de Souza Leite; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5939243693407420; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5415967943630073; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5568-8643; Justo, Carolina Raquel Duarte de Mello; Severo, Mirlene Fátima Simões Wexell; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9209489935777843; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5696296892389040
This dissertation investigates student dropout in stricto sensu graduate programs at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) between 2019 and 2024, understood as a systemic failure of university Public Administration. Aiming to analyse the factors associated with abandonment and to propose managerial interventions, a convergent mixed-methods design was adopted, combining statistical analysis of 29,806 student enrolment records from CAPES open microdata, documentary analysis of federal and institutional regulations, and Content Analysis of responses from 38 dropouts. The institutional dropout rate rose from 2.9% (2020) to 5.5% (2024), totalling 1,349 withdrawals, with uneven incidence across degree types — 7.40% in Professional Master's, 5.84% in Academic Master's and 2.68% in Doctoral programmes (odds ratio of 2.91 between Professional Master's and Doctoral) —, remaining below national averages, subject to methodological differences between datasets. Among respondents, the "assistance void" and the rigidity of institutional deadlines emerged as the most recurrent factors; supervisory conflicts and mental health conditions preceded withdrawals formalised under administrative labels. It is concluded that dropout entails substantial waste of public capital. In response, the Institutional Guidelines for Permanence (Technological Product) were formulated, highlighting the Integrated System for Monitoring and Welcoming in Graduate Studies (SIMAP).