Estudo sobre a evolução legislativa em âmbito federal e estadual (SP) relacionada a logística reversa a partir da sanção da política nacional de resíduos sólidos (Lei 12.305/2010)

Abstract

One of the environmental problems that has gained prominence is the immense amount of waste produced by the population. In Brazil, discussions related to this theme gained intensity with the publication of Law n° 12.305/2010, which recognized the implementation of Reverse Logistics as a fundamental instrument for the management of solid waste. This study aims to analysis based on the National Solid Waste Policy established by Law n˚ 12.305/2010 and the national and state legislative evolution that underlies the exercise of reverse logistics in Brazil and the State of São Paulo (SP), in addition to mapping the main challenges faced in the implementation of RL in Brazil and expose the innovations proposed by the legislature. For this study, a bibliographical research and analysis of secondary data were carried out, access to documents was obtained through databases and online libraries. The results indicate the existence of a series of challenges, these distributed in three categories, related to political/legal, operational and social aspects. In addition, the PNRS is innovative, as it establishes a hierarchical order prioritizing the non-generation and reduction of waste, establishing shared responsibility for the life cycle of products, in addition to recognizing the importance of collectors of recyclable materials as a fundamental element in waste management. In view of the above, it is concluded that the objectives proposed in this work were achieved, allowing the listing of standards that deal with Reverse Logistics, in addition to carrying out a survey of the challenges faced for the implementation of Reverse Logistics Systems in Brazil and finally brought the innovative points established by the exposed guidelines. In this sense, this work ends by raising numerous points that need to advance in the current debate on reverse logistics and also identifying the need to complement the PNRS.